commas in compound sentences before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what...

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COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following: SUBJECT: What the sentence is about VERB: What that subject did or is doing THE REST: Everything else in the sentence that helps to make it complete Example: Todd read the whole book over the weekend. SUBJECT: Todd VERB: read THE REST: the whole book over the weekend.

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Page 1: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES

Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence.

A sentence is made up of the following:

SUBJECT: What the sentence is aboutVERB: What that subject did or is doingTHE REST: Everything else in the sentence that helps to make it complete

Example: Todd read the whole book over the weekend.

SUBJECT: Todd

VERB: read

THE REST: the whole book over the weekend.

Page 2: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

LET US

LOOK

AT

TWO

MORESAMPLES

He found the plot confusing. 

SUBJECT: He

VERB: found

THE REST: the plot confusing.

Jason and Tina stayed and spoke with the ambassador.

SUBJECT: Jason and Tina

VERB: stayed and spoke

THE REST: with the ambassador

Page 3: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

PRACTICEWrite out the subject, verb, and the rest of these sentences. NOTE: The verbs in these sentences are all action verbs.

1. Kevin played his best game ever.Subject:Verb:The Rest:

2. The students completed their projects in only two weeks.Subject:Verb:The Rest:

3. The puppy was wagging his tail.Subject:Verb:The Rest:

4. Clair and Jean went to Ireland over spring break.Subject:Verb:The Rest:

Page 4: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

CHECK YOUR WORKWrite out the subject, verb, and the rest of these sentences. NOTE: The verbs in these sentences are all action verbs.

1. Kevin played his best game ever.Subject: KevinVerb: playedThe Rest: his best game ever.

2. The students completed their projects in only two weeks.Subject: The studentsVerb: completedThe Rest: their projects in only two weeks.

3. The puppy was wagging his tail.Subject: The puppyVerb: was waggingThe Rest: his tail.

4. Clair and Jean went to Ireland over spring break.Subject: Clair and Jean Verb: wentThe Rest: to Ireland over spring break.

Page 5: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

A COMPOUND SENTENCE COMBINES TWO SIMPLE SENTENCES INTO ONE.

What would we get if we combined these two simple sentences?Todd read the whole book.He found the plot confusing.

Todd read the whole book, but he found the plot confusing.

What would we get if we combined these two simple sentences?Kevin played the best game of his life.He was glad that his parents had been there to see it.

Kevin played the best game of him life, so he was glad that his parents had been there to see it.

Page 6: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

The most common way to combine two sentences into one is to use a COMMA and a COORDINATING CONJUNCTION.

AND, BUTOR, NOR, FOR

YET, SO

Page 7: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

PRACTICEDecide if the following sentences are COMPOUND or NOT. → If the sentence is compound, underline the two sentences that make up the new compound sentences. → If the sentence is NOT compound, underline the part that IS compound.

EXAMPLE: Dale and Todd tried out for football together.  Dale made the football team, but Todd did not.

1. My sister just had a baby boy, and my father is thrilled. 2. Paul and Linda enjoyed the ballet but were disappointed by the reception that

followed.

3. David really wanted the new job but wasn’t too excited about the 45-minute daily commute.

4. The family was terrified by the tornado, but everyone knew exactly what he had to do.

5. At dress rehearsal, Mary couldn’t remember any of her lines, so her understudy was called in for Act Two. 6. I love lobster but not shrimp.

7. I love lobster, but it is not on my diet.

Page 8: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

CHECK YOUR WORKDecide if the following sentences are COMPOUND or NOT. → If the sentence is compound, underline the two sentences that make up the new compound sentences. → If the sentence is NOT compound, underline the part that IS compound.

EXAMPLE: Dale and Todd tried out for football together.  Dale made the football team, but Todd did not.

1. My sister just had a baby boy, and my father is thrilled. 2. Paul and Linda enjoyed the ballet but were disappointed by the reception that

followed.

3. David really wanted the new job but wasn’t too excited about the 45-minute daily commute.

4. The family was terrified by the tornado, but everyone knew exactly what he had to do.

5. At dress rehearsal, Mary couldn’t remember any of her lines, so her understudy was called in for Act Two. 6. I love lobster but not shrimp.

7. I love lobster, but it is not on my diet.

Page 9: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

DID YOU NOTICE THAT

A compound sentence was made up of two complete thoughts (also called simple sentences when they stand on their own).

Each complete thought contained a verb WITH ITS VERY

OWN SUBJECT.

Each compound sentence

contained a coordinating conjunction

connecting TWO COMPLETE THOUGHTS.

Page 10: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

STEP ONE: Determine if

the sentence is

compound or not.

STEP TWO: Find the

SPOT where the two

complete thoughts meet.

STEP THREE: Identify what’s

already there, and what is

missing.

Remember that your sentence must have TWO COMPLETE THOUGHTS in order to be a COMPOUND SENTENCE.

HERE IS THE PROCESS I RECOMMEND FOR IDENTIFYING AND CORRECTLY PUNCTUATING COMPOUND SENTENCES:

Page 11: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

STEP ONE: Determine if the sentence is compound or not.

You must give your presentation, or you will lose 100 points.

STEP TWO: Find the SPOT where the two complete thoughts meet.

STEP THREE: Identify what’s already there, and what is missing.

You must give your presentation today/ or you will lose 100 points.

You must give your presentation today/ OR you will lose 100 points.

Let’s try that out.

As you can see, this compound sentence contains a COORDINATING CONJUNCTION. All you need to do now is put a COMMA before that coordinating conjunction.

Page 12: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

REMEMBER: You must have a comma before the coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence.

AND, BUTOR, NOR, FOR

YET, SO

Page 13: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

EXERCISE

 1. Don’t believe everything you hear but don’t stop listening.

2. Betty accepted the teaching position in the small community for she believed that she truly had something to offer students there.

3. When the elaborate meal was served, there was a gasp of amazement from the diners and then the room was alive with the sounds of clanking silverware and chatter.

4. Our new bed is arriving next week and I, for one, am looking forward to sleeping on something other than the floor.

5. One of the students claimed that the new teacher was the best she had ever had but another student claimed that her methods were confusing.

6. Dr. Marsh’s name was announced over the intercom so she rose up from the table and quickly left the room.

Punctuate the following sentences correctly. BE CAREFUL! perhaps not all of the sentences are compound. You will need to decide.

Page 14: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

7. The group met to discuss the lecture notes from Chapter 21 for they were certain that they would be quizzed on the material the next day.

8. You must give me an answer tomorrow or I will withdraw my proposal of marriage.

Page 15: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS

 1. Don’t believe everything you hear, but don’t stop listening.

2. Betty accepted the teaching position in the small community, for she believed that she truly had something to offer students there.

3. When the elaborate meal was served, there was a gasp of amazement from the diners, and then the room was alive with the sounds of clanking silverware and chatter.

4. Our new bed is arriving next week, and I, for one, am looking forward to sleeping on something other than the floor.

5. One of the students claimed that the new teacher was the best she had ever had, but another student claimed that her methods were confusing.

6. Dr. Marsh’s name was announced over the intercom, so she rose up from the table and quickly left the room.

Punctuate the following sentences correctly. BE CAREFUL! perhaps not all of the sentences are compound. You will need to decide.

Page 16: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

7. The group met to discuss the lecture notes from Chapter 21, for they were certain that they would be quizzed on the material the next day.

8. You must give me an answer tomorrow, or I will withdraw my proposal of marriage.

Page 17: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

PARAGRAPH PRACTICEFinding your way through sentences in an exercise is one thing. Finding your way through a paragraph is another. Sentences in the following paragraph have been numbered for you.  Take ONE SENTENCE AT A TIME.  1) Decide if the sentence is compound or not. 2) If the sentence is compound, find where the TWO COMPLETE THOUGHTS MEET. 3) ADD whatever you need TO THAT SPOT to make the compound sentence correct.  1) In the United States, approximately 2,500 radio stations play

country music but

only about fifty radio stations play jazz. 2) Foreign-language stations are

becoming

more prevalent and they have increased by about thirty-three percent in

the past

decade. 3) No comedy stations exist on radio even though comedy

programs are among

the most popular on television. 4) Sales of compact discs of gospel, rock,

and rap have

grown in the last decade but sales of country, pop, and classical CDs

have declined.

5) Approximately forty-four million compact discs are sold in the United

States annually

and sometimes I believe they’re scattered on my son’s bedroom floor. 6)

Some music fans

now prefer CDs to live concerts since the recordings are usually clearer.

Page 18: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

7) To earn platinum status, an album must sell at least one million

cassettes or

compact discs and must make at least $2 million. 8) Multi-platinum

status indicates

sales of two million units and at least $4 million in sales. 9) New

albums by Metallica,

Toni Braxton, and Hootie and the Blowfish have already attained multi-

platinum and

their fans continue to buy more copies. 10) Michael Jackson and a trio

of opera tenors

share the honor of having multi-platinum CDs and some observers find

that fact

amusing. 11) Reggae legend Bob Marley has been dead for more than

a decade yet a

recent release of his music managed to sell over a million copies.

12) It is now possible to create one’s own CDs consisting of songs

taken from other

CDs and recording companies are uncertain about the effect of this

innovation on

their sales. 13) Further breakthroughs in the recording industry are

inevitable and will

undoubtedly increase our listening pleasure.

Page 19: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

CHECK YOUR ANSWERSFinding your way through sentences in an exercise is one thing. Finding your way through a paragraph is another. Sentences in the following paragraph have been numbered for you.  Take ONE SENTENCE AT A TIME.  1) Decide if the sentence is compound or not. 2) If the sentence is compound, find where the TWO COMPLETE THOUGHTS MEET. 3) ADD whatever you need TO THAT SPOT to make the compound sentence correct.  1) In the United States, approximately 2,500 radio stations play

country music, but

only about fifty radio stations play jazz. 2) Foreign-language stations are

becoming

more prevalent, and they have increased by about thirty-three percent in

the past

decade. 3) No comedy stations exist on radio even though comedy

programs are among

the most popular on television. [This is a DEPENDENT CLAUSE.  You'll learn

more about them in the next session on INTRODUCERS.  However, right now you

should know that

DEPENDENT CLAUSES DO NOT express a complete thought.] 4) Sales of

compact discs of gospel, rock, and rap have grown in the last decade, but

sales of country, pop, and classical CDs have declined. 5) Approximately

forty-four million compact discs are sold in the United States annually,

and sometimes I believe they’re scattered on my son’s bedroom floor.

Page 20: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

6) Some music fans now prefer CDs to live concerts since the

recordings are usually

clearer. [This is a DEPENDENTCLAUSE.]

7) To earn platinum status, an album must sell at least one million

cassettes or

compact discs and must make at least $2 million. 8) Multi-platinum

status indicates

sales of two million units and at least $4 million in sales. [Even though

sentences 7 and 8

contain COMPOUND ELEMENTS; they do not contain two complete thoughts. 

Consequently,

they are NOT compound sentences.] 9) New albums by Metallica, Toni

Braxton, and

Hootie and the Blowfish have already attained multi-platinum, and

their fans

Continue to buy more copies. 10) Michael Jackson and a trio of opera

tenors share the

honor of having multi-platinum CDs, and some observers find that fact

amusing.

11) Reggae legend Bob Marley has been dead for more than a decade,

yet a recent

release of his music managed to sell over a million copies.

Page 21: COMMAS IN COMPOUND SENTENCES Before we can discuss compound sentences, we first need to review what makes up a sentence. A sentence is made up of the following:

12) It is now possible to create one’s own CDs consisting of songs taken

from other

CDs, and recording companies are uncertain about the effect of this

innovation on

their sales. 13) Further breakthroughs in the recording industry are

inevitable and will

undoubtedly increase our listening pleasure. [Even though sentence 13

contains a

COMPOUND VERB, it does not contain TWO complete thoughts, so it is NOT a

compound

sentence.]

@ 2009 Text and PowerPoint by Kristi Sutton Ongalo