Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels InitiativeNovember 18, 2013

Subtitle

Nate BrownAlternative Jet Fuel Project ManagerFederal Aviation Administration

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Why Do The Airlines Want Alternative Jet Fuels?

Airline Economics Surging Fuel Expense Offsetting Labor

Restructuring Fuel Price Volatility a challenge to business

Fuel Supply Security Reliance on Imported Oil Disruptions to fuel supply (e.g. Hurrican Katrina) Demand from Other Transportation Modes

Concern about Carbon Emissions Industry and ICAO goals for Global market based

measures Regional GHG Emissions Trading Schemes

Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013

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How Does Aviation Meet Its Targets?Technology, Fuels, Operations & Infrastructure

airlines.org

Ongoing Fleet Renewal / Technology

DevelopmentATC/NowGen/ Operational

ImprovementsRenewable Fuels (lifecycle basis)

Forecasted Emissions Growth Absent Reduction

Measures

Baseline

CO2 E

mis

sion

s

2050Carbon Neutral Growth and Reduction Timeline

Notional Example

Potential Role for Carbon Credits to Bridge

Potential role for carbon credits

Key Contributor

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How Do Renewable Fuels Offset Greenhouse Gases?

GHGsGHGs

Life Cycle Analyses (LCA)Petroleum-Derived Jet Fuel Bio-Derived Jet Fuel

Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013

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How Is the Aviation Industry Supporting Alternative Jet

Fuels?

www.caafi.org

An Aviation Industry Coalition Established to…

Facilitate and Promote the Introduction of Alternative Aviation Fuels

Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013

CAAFI Sponsors

6Mark Rumizen, FAA/CAAFI - May 9, 2013

300 Global Sponsor/Stakeholder Attendees180 Different Organizations, 32 EXPO Participants

19 Countries /5 Continents

20 Airlines,Military,

Airport orgs.

30 U.S. Government

Offices

15 U.S. States / State Univ’s

15 Aircraft, Engine, Subsystem

OEM’s

54 fuelproducers

* Attendance at 2011 Annual General Meeting

Who Participates in CAAFI?

7Mark Rumizen, FAA/CAAFI - May 9, 2013

Life Cycle GHG, Particulate Matter,

Sustainability

R&D Team

Environmental Team Certification-Qualification Team

Multiple “Drop-in” Solutions

ASTM D7566

Facilitate Deployment, Investment

Business & Economics Team

How CAAFI Works

Four teams addressing challenges to adoption

Meet periodically each year

Led by FAA, A4A and engine and aircraft OEMs

CAAFI Resources CAAFI first point of contact for new

stakeholders Create primers, guidance and

communication tools for the CAAFI community

Available at www.caafi.org

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10

2010

2009

2011

2012

2013

Approved Alternative Jet Fuels

ASTM D7566 Sept 1, 2009

FTSept 1, 2009

HEFAJuly 1, 2011

2014

Coal

Natural GasBiomass

Plant/Animal Oils

2015

Drop-In Fuel Spec

Also Called HRJ or Bio-SPK

Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013

Coordinating USG Efforts across Supply Chain

FeedstockProduction

FeedstockLogistics

FuelConversion

Conversion Process Scale-up/Integration

Fuel Testing/ApprovalFuel

PerformanceEnvironment

Assmt

End User/ Buyer

Enable Production

FAA & Defense: C/Q Fuel testing

Agriculture, Navy, & Energy: Defense

Production Act and

Biorefinery Program

Defense & Airlines:

fuel purchase

Agriculture& Energy:

R&D grants

Energy & Defense:

R&D grants

Agriculture: Biomass Crop Assistance Program & Crop

Insurance Program

FAA, Defense, &

NASA: Enviro

Analysis

Agriculture: Feedstock Development Center

Grants

EPA: Renewable

Fuel Standard

FAA: Guidance for Airports

Facilitating Deployment and Investment

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Farm to Fly 2.0 … “THEREFORE, AS OUR GOAL, we the undersigned, jointly signify our intent to continue working together over the next five years in an expanded collaboration entitled “Farm to Fly 2.0”, to enable commercially viable, sustainable bio-Jet Fuel supply chains in the U.S. that are able to support the goal of one billion gallons of bio-Jet Fuel production capacity and use for the Aviation Enterprise by 2018”

State & Regional Deployment

Working with local lead organizations/POCs Provide context, advice, strategy, benchmarking Facilitate networks & links between stakeholders Link to Farm to Fly 2.0

CaliforniaConnecticutColoradoFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIllinois (MASBI)IowaLouisianaMississippiNebraska

New MexicoNew York/New JerseyNevadaNorth CarolinaOhioSouth Carolina VermontWashington (SAFN)

States:

buyer/producer offtakes -- studies, Pilot Plants, Demos -- USDA, DOE or DPA programs

Coordinating with International Efforts

SWAFEA/AlfabirdABRABA/SABB

Sky NRGAireg

Australia / AISAF

IFP Energy Nouvelle

CAAFI

• Formal and informal coordination• International Airshows• Workplans - Bilateral Cooperation Agreements• Coordination with R&D organizations• Global Exchange meeting

• ICAO as forum for exchange

SENASA/ITAKA

ICAO

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Airlines Are Now Flying With Drop-In Alternative Jet Fuels

FT From Coal:

FT From Natural Gas:

HEFA From Plant Oils and Algae:

1999 - Present

July-Dec 2011 (1,187 Flights)

April 30th, 2010

Nov 7th, 2011June 29th, 2011 Nov 2011

(75 Flights)

October 12th, 2009

Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013

Mar-Aug 2013

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But… Production Scale-Up is a Challenge

Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013

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Certification-Qualification: Future Fuels

sugarcaneSugar

Lignocellulose

corn stover

forest waste

switchgrass

Plant/Animal Oils

Lignocellulose

corn stover

forest waste

switchgrass

Alcohol to Jet (ATJ)

Direct Sugar to HC’s (DSHC)

Hydrotreated Depolymerized Cellulosic Jet

(Pyrolysis) (HDCJ)

Catalytic Hydrothermolysis

(CH)

Other Catalytic Conversion Processes

ARA

KiOR

Virent

Amyris

GEVOByogyCoal

FT-SKASASOL

Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013

Bi-Annual General Meeting

CAAFI Bi-Annual General Meeting -- Jan 28-29, 2014

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Times approximate Tues, 28Jan Wed, 29Jan Thurs, 30Jan

7:30 - 08:15

8:15 - 09:00Opening Remarks VIP Address(es)

CAAFI Work Teams, Plenary Summary Session FAA, DOC, DOS

9:00 - 10:00Government Activities

Update10:00-10:30 Break Sponsored Networking Break Sponsored Networking Break

10:30 - 11:30DPA Panel DOE Biorefinery Panel

11:30 - 12:30Finance / Investor Panel P/P Partnership Panel

12:30 - 1:30Lunch & Keynote #1

(Airline Exec)Lunch & Keynote #2

(Other)Leadership Team Wrap-Up

Lunch

1:30 - 2:00 Biggest Challenges*Airline & Partners Panel 1

2:00 - 3:10Airline & Partners Panel 2

3:10-3:30 Break Sponsored Networking Break

3:30 - 4:30 Regional Efforts Panel

4:30 - 5:30 International Efforts Panel

Cocktails Closing Remarks - VIP7:00p -

No Host Dinner

CAAFI AGM: Theme - Takeoff toward Commercialization

Global Exchange Working Session -

Invitation Only

Work Team's Individual Working

Sessions (4 breakout rooms)

Registration, Breakfast, Networking

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Thank You

Nate Brown, FAA/CAAFI – 18 November, 2013

Nate BrownAlternative Jet Fuel Project ManagerFAA Office of Environment & Energy

Tel: 202-493-4427Email: Nathan.Brown@faa.gov