commercial & standard fabrics with properties and uses by ghulam mustafa
TRANSCRIPT
Presented By
Ghulam Mustafa
Ghori
Roll#13TE89
Commercial & Standard Fabrics with it’s properties and uses
Submitted to
Sir Raj Kumar
Khayani
Department of Textile Engineering,MUET Jamshoro
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VOILE
A soft yet firm, sheer
fabric of plain weave.
Generally made of combed
hard twisted single yarns,
although ply yarns are
also used.
Has clinging effect.
It is generally 100% cotton
, blends include polyester
or linen.
Can be solid dyed or
printed 2
Department of Textile Engineering,MUET jamshoro
Wednesday, March 02,
2016
PROPERTIES
It is sheer and lightweight fabric
It has soft feel
It drapes and gathers very well
Generally 100% cotton and less resilient
USES
Ladies dresses, skirts and dress lining
Accessory fabric in apparels
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POPLIN
Poplin, also called tabinet (or
tabbinet), is a strong fabric in a
plain weave of any fiber or
blend
Poplin traditionally consisted of
a silk warp with
a weft of worsted yarn.
It is now made
with wool, cotton, silk, rayon, or
any mixture of these, though
originally made from silk.
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PROPERTIES
It is soft and medium weight fabric
It is durable and has good wear resistance
It has average drapability
It has poor crease resistance
USES
men's shirts, pyjamas, children's clothes, and dresses.
Perfect for making banners or table drape displays in
stores or tradeshows.
It is also widely used as all kinds of sportswear,
shirts, boy's suits, uniforms, and dresses.
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MUSLIN
Coarse type of plain
weave fabric made of
carded cotton .
Muslin is most typically
an unbleached or white
cloth, produced
from carded cotton yarn
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PROPERTIES
Unbleached greige cloth with low moisture absorption
It is smooth and delicate
It has good drapability
It is light to medium weight
It has low crease resistance
USES
Primary fabric of chair and sofa.
The fabric is lightweight, so it is used as slipcovers,
bedspread, bed skirt, throw pillow, table skirt, etc.
Muslin curtains and window shade suits a country house.
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GEORGETTE
Georgette is a sheer,
lightweight, dull-
finished crêpe fabric
Can be solid dyed or
printed
crinkly surface is
created by
alternating S- and Z-
twist yarns in
both warp and weft
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PROPERTIES
Uneven texture and has crispy feel
It is a sheer fabric and light weight
It has elegant look but dull appearance
It snagging is more and is difficult to sew
USES
Used as interlining or lining
Used to manufacture sarees
Used for scarves , dresses and various garment
accessories
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GAUZE
May be of cotton, wool,
silk, rayon and other
man-made fibers.
Usually plain weave
Occassionally knitted
Gauze used
in bookbinding is
called mull, and is used in
case binding to adhere the
text block to the book
cover 10
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PROPERTIES
Is thin and lightweight.
It is fine and airy.
It is crispy and has poor drape.
It is open-textured.
USES
Bandages.
Some silk or rayon gauze used for curtains,
trimmings.
casual window dressings like panels and scarves. 11
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SATIN
Originally silk, now also of
filament man-made fibers
with a highly lustrous
surface and usually a dull
back.
It is a warp-dominated
weaving technique that
forms a minimum number
of interlacings in a fabric
Made in different weights
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PROPERTIES
Soft and good drapability
It is flat and lustrous with a smooth surface
The surface slides easily for linings.
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USES
commonly used in apparel: satin baseball jackets,
athletic shorts,
Evening gowns, also in some
men's shorts, shirts and neckties. It is also used
in the production of pointe shoes for use in ballet.
Other uses include interior furnishing fabrics,
upholstery, and bed sheets.
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VELVET
Velvet is a type of woven
tufted fabric in which the
cut threads are evenly
distributed , with a short
dense pile, giving it a
distinctive feel.
Compact short pile of silk or
man-made fiber and usually a
cotton perhaps rayon back.
Similar to plush but shorter
pile.
Velvet pile is created
by warp or vertical yarns
and velveteen pile is created
by weft or fill yarns. 15
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PROPERTIES
Smooth and softer
It is thick and bulky
Good warmth retention
Good drape and fall
Good crease resistance
USES
Evening wear
Upholstery
Curtains and Cushions covers
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FLANNEL
Woven with a twill weave
which may be obscured by the
nap.
Blends can be used to
increase the comfort and
drapability of the fabric
Flannel may be brushed to
create extra softness or
remain unbrushed.
Typically, flannel has either a
single- or double-sided.
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PROPERTIES
It is soft and fuzzy
It good stretchability
It is thick and warm
It is very durable
It drapes well
It is dull-surfaced
It is slightly fuzzy
It is scratchy
It absorbs and releases perspiration quickly.
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USES
Bathrobes
Skirts
Men’s suits
Trousers
Flannel is used as blazers, jackets, trousers,
women's suits, men's suits, shirts, flannel
pajamas, flannel pants, sleeping garments, work
gloves, linings, coverings, and sheets flannel.
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DRILL
A durable fabric of
medium weight.
Made of carded yarns
generally on coarser
counts
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PROPERTIES
It is medium to heavy-weight.
It is strong and durable
It is breathable
Has good drapability
It is tightly woven fabric
Has high tensile strength
Various finishes can be imparted to suit the end
use of the fabric
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USES
The lighter weights drill is used for skirts,
trousers, dresses, jackets, and household items.
The heavyweight drill is used as work clothes,
industrial uses and wall coverings.
It is also used as pocketing, shoe linings, book
bindings, slip covers and sportswear.
Khaki drill is used as uniforms.
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TERRY
It is a warp pile fabric with
loops of warp threads
alternating with ground
threads.
Terrycloth, terry cloth, terry
towelling, terry, or
simply towelling is a fabric with
loops that can absorb large
amounts of water.
It can be manufactured
by weaving or knitting, with
weaving on a dobby loom the
predominant commercial
method, having two beams of
longitudinal warp through
which the filler or weft is fired
laterally
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PROPERTIES
It is very absorbent and comfortable.
It is easy to launder.
It does not require ironing.
It is bulky and thick
USES
Towels, Bath robes, Beach coverups
Sportswear, children’s wear
Draperies
Exercise wear
Infants and toddler accessories 24
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DENIM
Firm, left hand, 2/1
3/1,twill weave of
white filling and
coloured warp,
typically indigo dyed.
Uses coarse yarn for
weaving
Generally warp dyed
Slub yarns can also be
inserted for varied
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PROPERTIES
Strong, Durable
It is for long wearing.
USES casual style clothing, such as jeans, skirts.
lightweight jackets and suits.
shorts, children's clothes.
for protective clothing.
In apparel, it is used as jeans, skirts, shorts, light-weight jackets and suits, uniforms, work-cloths, overalls, sportswear, caps, evening wear and children's cloth.
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CORDUROY
A ribbed pile fabric
with a high luster and
soft feel.
Made with extra
filling threads, which
floats over the ground
threads.
After weaving these
loops threads are cut ,
brushed, forming a
pile. 27
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PROPERTIES
It is warm.
It is durable fabric
It is thick and stable fabric
It absorbs and releases moisture quickly.
USES
Used for better cloths, and upholstery.
It is commonly made into pants or trousers, jackets (sports) and shirts.
Corduroy is also used as skirts, suits, slacks, children's cloths and dresses.
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CHIFFON
It is a fabric made of
polyester with a soft
and crispy texture.
High twist yarns are
used for weaving
It is flimsy in nature
Made from high
twisted yarn and
woven in gummed
condition.
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PROPERTIES
Highly twisted yarns
Extremely lightweight and Flimsy
It is elegant and sheer fabric.
It is resilient and drapes well
USES
Used for - special occasion dresses,
- nightgowns,
- linings
Also used as – evening wear,
- scarves.
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CAMBRIC
It is a cloth made of high
quality cotton yarn and
given a special finish.
This imparts a bright
appearance to the cloth.
It is a lightweight plain
weave cloth, originally from
Cambrai , woven in greige,
then bleached and piece-
dyed, often calendered.
Initially made from flax,
then cotton in the 19th
century. 31
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PROPERTIES
Has stiff feel.
The fabric is - light to medium weight,
-Crispy
Have high tensile strength
USES
Home furnishing industries.
linens, shirtings, and as fabric for lace and needlework.
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SINGLE JERSEY - KNITS
Single jersey fabrics are
manufactured by weft
knitting technique
Here interlooping of single
yarn takes place
Soft twisted yarns are used
It is manufactured on
circular knitting machine
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PROPERTIES
High stretchability and elastic recovery
Soft and resilient
High drapability and good fall
Dimensional stability is low
High shrinkage in natural fiber
USES
Used for leisure wear manufacturing Men’s , Women’s and Kids wear
Used for sports wear
Used for manufacturing under garments
Also used for industrial and medical purpose
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PIQUE - KNITS
Jersey fabric is
manufactured by warp
knitting technique
Can be knitted using
any fibre content
One sets of needles are
used for knitting
Interlooping of yarn
takes place in vertical
plane
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PROPERTIES
Stretchability is low and elastic recovery is more than weft knit single jersey
Soft and resilient
Non Reversible type
High drapability and good fall
Good Dimensional stability
High shrinkage in natural fiber
USES
Used for leisure wear manufacturing basically
Men’s, Women’s and Kids polo T-shirts
Used for manufacturing sports wear
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SLUB JERSEY - KNITS
Single jersey fabrics are
manufactured by weft
knitting technique
Here interlooping of slub
yarn takes place
Soft twisted yarns are used
It is manufactured on
circular knitting machine
Fabric dyeing is carried out
in solid colors so that slub
effect is prominent 37
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PROPERTIES
High stretchability and elastic recovery
Soft and resilient
High drapability and good fall
Dimensional stability is low
High shrinkage in natural fiber
USES
Used for leisure wear manufacturing Men’s , Women’s and Kids wear
Used for sports wear
Used for manufacturing under garments
Also used for industrial and medical purpose
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FLEECE - KNITS
o Available as brushed or
unbrused fleece
o It is a soft napped
insulating synthetic fabric
made from polyethylene
terepthalate (PET) or
other synthetic fibres
o Soft twisted yarns are
used
o It is manufactured on
circular knitting machine
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PROPERTIES
Low stretchability and high elastic recovery
Soft, resilient and thick fabric
Warmth retention
High drapability and good fall
Dimensional stability is high
USES
Used in casual jackets, hats, sweaters, jogging bottoms/sweatpants, gym clothes, Hoodies, inexpensive throw blankets, and high-performance outdoor clothing,
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FRENCH TERRY - KNITS
o Available as 3 or 4thread
french terry in the market
o Soft twisted coarse yarns
are used
o It is manufactured on flat
knitting machine
o Consists of tuck and miss
structure on the back side
o High GSM fabric
o 100% Cotton
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PROPERTIES
Low stretchability and high elastic recovery
Soft, resilient and thick fabric
Warmth retention
Non reversible fabric different or same yarns used for face and back
High drapability and good fall
Highly absorbent
Dimensional stability is high
USES
Used in casual jackets, hats, sweaters, jogging
bottoms/sweatpants, gym clothes, Hood.
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GRINDLE JERSEY - KNITS
o Soft twisted coarse
grindle yarns are used
o It is manufactured on
circular knitting machine
o Medium to High GSM
fabric
o 100% Cotton
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PROPERTIES
Low stretchability and high elastic recovery
Soft and resilient fabric
Non reversible fabric different or same yarns used for face and back
High drapability and good fall
Highly absorbent
Dimensional stability is high
USES
Used for leisure wear manufacturing Men’s , Women’s and Kids wear
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YARN DYED STRIPE JERSEY - KNITS
o Fabric is manufactured by
weft knitting technique
o Soft twisted are used
o Can be single jersey or
pique structure
o Classified as auto and
feeder striper
o It is manufactured on
circular knitting or flat
knitting machine
o Low to medium GSM
fabric
o 100% Cotton or blends
may be used 45
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PROPERTIES
Low stretchability and high elastic recovery
Soft and resilient fabric
Non reversible fabric different or same yarns used for face and back
High drapability and good fall
Highly absorbent
Dimensional stability is high
USES
Used for leisure wear manufacturing Men’s , Women’s and Kids wear
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WAFFLE - KNITS
o Fabric is manufactured by
weft knitting technique
o Soft twisted are used
o Waffle weave is a
reversible, woven knit
fabric with a raised
geometric texture that
looks like honeycomb.
o Can be solid or striper
o It is manufactured on
circular knitting or flat
knitting machine
o 100% Cotton or blends
may be used 47
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PROPERTIES
High stretchability and low elastic recovery
Soft and resilient fabric
Warmth retention
Non reversible fabric different or same yarns used for face and back
Good drapability and but poor fall
Highly absorbent
Dimensional stability is low
USES
Used for leisure wear manufacturing Men’s , Women’s and Kids wear
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VELOUR - KNITS
o Fabric is manufactured by
weft knitting technique
o Soft twisted are used
o Cut or uncut piles are
present on the surface of
the fabric
o Velour is a knitted fabric,
allowing it to stretch.
o It combines the stretchy
properties of knits such
as spandex with the rich
appearance and feel
of velvet 49
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PROPERTIES
High stretchability and elastic recovery
Soft and resilient fabric
Non reversible fabric
Good drapability and fall
Dimensional stability is high
USES
Used for leisure wear manufacturing Men’s , Women’s and Kids wear
Upholstery purpose
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TH
AN
K Y
OU
51
Department of Textile Engineering,MUET
jamshoro
Wednesday, March 02,
2016
Wednesday, March 02,
2016
52
Department of Textile Engineering,MUET
jamshoro