common alerting protocol (cap): the content standard of alerts and notifications in disasters and...
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Common Alerting Protocol (CAP): The Content Standard of Alerts and Notifications in
Disasters and Emergencies
presented byEliot Christian, Consultant to WMO
telephone: +41 22 730 81 71 e-mail: [email protected]
presented via remote communications at
NMHSs' Participation in Disaster Risk Reduction Coordination Mechanisms and Early Warning Systems
http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/dpm/coordination-mechanisms-2007/
Geneva, Switzerland; November 27, 2007
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Public Warning of Disasters
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CAP Example
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Early Warning focuses on predicting or detecting a hazard event before it becomes an immediate threat to life or property
Public Warning focuses on communicating to people about a hazard event that is an immediate threat to life or property
Public Warning & Early Warning
predictingdetecting
decisionto warn
PublicWarning
cyclone
earthquake
tsunami
disease
sirens
radio
television
telephone
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The Challenge of Public Warning
"Collaborative actions are necessary
to assure that standards-based,
all-media, all-hazards public warning becomes an essential infrastructure component available
to all societies worldwide."
http://www.isoc.org/challenge
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The Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) Standard
Compatible with legacy as well as newer transports (WMO messages, news wires, digital TV, Web Services, ...)
Flexible geographic targeting Phased and delayed effective time,
expiration Message update and cancellation features May include inline digital images and audio Version 1.1 approved in October 2005 Significant uptake, many implementations
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Emergency management processes should provide for human judgment between detection of a threat situation and issuing of public alerts, under control of officials with appropriate responsibilities
Where alerting involves existing operational systems, pilot implementations should be in parallel with current operations to minimize confusion and service disruption
In any system of public warning, authentication of senders and targeted receivers is essential
Alerting systems can become targets for deliberate misinformation or denial-of-service attacks
Cautions about Public Warning
Typical CAP-based Alerting Systems
Pilot Experiment in west coast of India 80 boats fitted with WorldSpace reception
- Encased in water proof enclosure- Pretuned to the assigned channel
Warning messages in MP3 format via Internet to the uplink site
Boats into the sea up to 200 miles Valuable experience gained in designing the full
system
WorldSpace Reception on a Fishing BoatWorldSpace Reception on a Fishing Boat
Cyclone Warning System for Fisherman out at SeaCyclone Warning System for Fisherman out at Sea
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"Washington, D.C. - The Federal Communications Commission today adopted [an Order that] requires [Emergency Alert System (EAS)] participants to accept messages using Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) [...]
The use of CAP will help to ensure the efficient and rapid transmission of EAS alerts [...] in a variety of formats (including text, audio and video) and via different means (broadcast, cable, satellite, and other networks) [...]
In addition, the Order expands the EAS system by requiring participation by wireline video providers."
NEWS -- Federal Communications Commission --May 31, 2007
FCC TAKES ACTION TO FURTHER STRENGTHEN NATION'S EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM
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"The Plenipotentiary Conference [...] resolves to instruct the Directors of the Bureaux [...]to promote implementation by appropriate alerting authorities of the international content standard for all-media public warning, in concert with ongoing development of guidelines by all ITU Sectors for application to all disaster and emergency situations"
ITU Resolution 136 (Antalya, 2006)
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Presentation Outline