COMPARI

Comparative World Religions

Temple of The Sagrada Familia Great Mosque of Mecca

May Del Mundo

Basílica de la Sagrada Família

where is it located? •Barcelona, Spain

when was it built? •Built in 1882

•After 135 years, it is still incomplete and under constructuion

A. It was funded only by private donations

B. The 1936 Spanish Civil War damaged some of the parts of the church as well as the plans and models for the construction

•Founded by Josep Maria Bocabella •Bocabella worked together with Francisco de Paula del Villar to

plan and construct the building, which was intially planned to be a typical, standard Gothic church

•In 1883, after del Villar’s resignation, a Catalonian architect, named Antoni Gaudí, took control of designing and building the church

•Gaudí devoted his life working on the Sagrada Familia, spending 43 years on designing it until his death in 1926, when the church was only around 20% complete

who designed and built it?

history

•Bocabella was inspired by another basilica in Loreto, Italy to build the Sagrada Familia

• He gained donations from various sources which enabled him to purchase a land to build the church on

•Devoted to Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, and Saint Joseph, hence the name Sagrada Familia- the “Holy Family”

architecture

•Based on traditional Gothic revival and Byzantine cathedrals. •Gaudí modified the Gothic architecture and turned it into a

lush design of Modernisme and Art Nouveau architecture •Inspired by using colours, light, and nature

•Expresses the life of Jesus Christ and other significant Christian figures and stories through the use of different forms of architecture

•Composed of different kinds of materials, such as: stones, cements, ceramics, tiles, bricks, and glass

symbolism•Gaudí planned to build 18 spires representing: the 12 Apostles, 4 Evangelists, the

Virgin Mary, and Jesus Christ

•There are three façades that depicts the life of Jesus: Jesus’ birth, crucifixion and death, and his resurrection

•There are words from the Christian liturgy and scriptures all along the exterior walls

Masjid al-Haram, Mecca

where is it located? •Makkah/Mecca, Saudi Arabia

•Built around the Kaaba

when was it built? •Built in 2130 BCE during the Abraham

and Ishmael Era

•In 692, the outer walls of the mosque were raised and decorations were added

•Kaaba: The oldest House of Worship

•The Mosque: First ever mosque built for humans

who designed and built it? •In the Quran, Abraham and Ishmael, following God’s orders, built

the Kaaba •Muhammad and Abd al-Malik built the main structures of the mosque

why was it built? •It was built for humans to worship in

what is its importance? purpose? • The Mosque is very significant to Allah believers for it encloses the holiest shrine

in the world, the Kaaba • It is the place where millions of Muslims visit to perfrom one of the five Pillars of

Islam, Hajj, every year • All Muslims face the Kaaba during prayer, wherever they are in the world

architecture •Consists of towers, called Minarets, and a

courtyard, called Sahn, where prayers are

performed

•A silk and cotton veil decorated with gold

calligraphy is draped over the Kaaba

•The Kaaba went through multiple

modifications caused by various reasons,

such as expansions and wars that has

caused damages

•Kaaba is made from natural materials like

wood and stones

symbolism

•Black Stone A. Believed to date back to the time of

Adam and Eve B. The Black Stone was put in the eastern

corner of the Kaaba by Muhammad in 605 CE

•Zamzam Well A. Believed that the well was made for

Abraham’s infant for he was thirsty and cried for water

B. Supplies enough water for all the pilgrims that visit

• At some point in the buildings’ timeline, it has gone through some critical damages that has changed

the building’s originial plan

Similarities

• Even though both building has structures focusing mainly

on the good aspect of the religion, some of the

structures and elements depict sins and evil

The Spanish Civil War interrupted the building of the church and

caused destructuion to some areas of the basilica

Thw war between the rulers of Mecca caused a fire to erupt

There are scenes of purgatory and hell that are sculpted on one of the façades

in the Sagrada Familia

In Islamic belief, the black stone was only darkened because of the sins that Adam’s sons has

comitted

Difference

The Sagrada Familia welcomes all people with different faiths and religious beliefs in the temple to view and experience the art

Only Muslims are allowed in the mosque and in Mecca. Proof of religion is required

to pass through

The structure of the Sagrada Familia was built vertically and very high, symbolizes

elevation towards God, reach heaven

The structure of the Great Mosque of Mecca is wider compared to the Sagrada Familia. This is because plenty of space is need for the courtyard (Sahn) which is to

be levelled with the Kaaba

Bibliography• 1st slide (images)

• “Sagrada Familia - Barcelona.” Pinterest, www.pinterest.ca/walterklingler/sagrada-familia-barcelona/?lp=true.• Shukri, Nadiah. “ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE.” 7 Unifying Principles of Islamic Architecture, 1 Jan. 1970, islamicarchi.blogspot.ca/

2013/07/7-unifying-principles-of-islamic.html.• 2nd slide (Images)

• Dekkers, Christine. “Basilica De La Sagrada Familia by Randy Scherkenbach.” Fine Art America, fineartamerica.com/featured/basilica-de-la-sagrada-familia-randy-scherkenbach.html.

• 3rd slide (images)• “Take Me There.” Pinterest, 19 June 2017, www.pinterest.ca/pin/308989224425104840/.• “Fubiz Instagram.” Pinterest, 20 June 2017, www.pinterest.ca/pin/564287028301654437/.

• 3rd slide (work)• “Sagrada Família.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Dec. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia.

• 4th slide (images) • Olachea, porOcci. “10 infografías asombrosas | Página 10 de 10.” Paredro.com, 2 Apr. 2013, www.paredro.com/10-infografias-

asombrosas/10/.• “Antoni Gaudi/Barcelona - Lessons - Tes Teach.” Tes Teach with Blendspace, www.tes.com/lessons/TBD9DeuMlQ2_WA/antoni-gaudi-

barcelona• 4th slide (work)

• They want to beatify Josep Maria Bocabella, www.antonigaudi.org/they-want-to-beatify-josep-maria-bocabella-1027.html.• “Antoni Gaudí.” Sagrada Família, www.sagradafamilia.org/en/antoni-gaudi/.

• 5th slide (images)• “BARCELONE.” Pinterest, 5 Dec. 2017, www.pinterest.ca/pin/589971619908444518/.• “Sagrada Família HD Wallpapers.” Travel HD Wallpapers, 1 Jan. 1967,

• 5th slide (work)• “The basilica Sagrada Familia.” Sagrada Familia in Barcelona, Gaudí's life work, www.barcelona.de/en/barcelona-sagrada-familia.html.

• 6th slide (images)• “La Basílica de la Sagrada Familia - Picture of Basilica of the Sagrada Familia, Barcelona.” TripAdvisor, www.tripadvisor.com/

LocationPhotoDirectLink-g187497-d190166-i211583152-Basilica_of_the_Sagrada_Familia-Barcelona_Catalonia.html.• 6th slide (work and images)

• “Structure and form.” Sagrada Família, www.sagradafamilia.org/en/structure-and-form/.• “Sagrada Família.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Dec. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia.• “Techniques and materials.” Sagrada Família, www.sagradafamilia.org/en/techniques-and-materials/.• “Architecture Sagrada Familia.” Sagrada Família, www.sagradafamilia.org/en/architecture/.

Bibliography• 7th slide (images)

• “Sagrada Família Barcelona – Gaudí’s masterpiece.” Barcelona Museum, www.barcelona-museum.com/sagrada-familia.html.• Images of Temple of the Sagrada Familia: Passion Facade by Gaudi, www.bluffton.edu/homepages/facstaff/sullivanm/spain/

barcelona/sagrada/sagradapassion.html• 7th slide (work)

• “Sagrada Família.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Dec. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia.• “La Sagrada Familia.” Sagrada Família, www.sagradafamilia.org/.

• 9th slide (images)• Fotografia, Blog. “Fotografia.” 1433 مكة ليلة الختم, Blogger, 13 Nov. 2013, fotografia.blogspot.ca/2013/11/1433.html?m=1.

• 9th slide (work)• “Great Mosque of Mecca.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Dec. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca#Kaaba.

• 10th slide (images)• “Kaaba.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 4 Dec. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaba.

• 10th slide (work)• The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. “Great Mosque of Mecca.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 17 July

2016, www.britannica.com/topic/Great-Mosque-of-Mecca• 11th slide (work and images)

• “The Kaaba (Article) | AP Art History.” Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/west-and-central-asia/a/the-kaaba

• “Kaaba.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 4 Dec. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaba.• 12th slide (images)

• “Makkah.” Pinterest, 4 Nov. 2017, www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/356488126746481314/.• 12th slide (work)

• “Introduction to mosque architecture (Article).” Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-islam/beginners-guide-islamic-art/a/introduction-to-mosque-architecture.

• “Ten Things You Didn’t Know About The Kaaba.” MuslimMatters.org - Discourses in the Intellectual Traditions, Political Situation, and Social Ethics of Muslim Life, muslimmatters.org/2012/11/15/ten-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-kaaba/.

• 13th slide (work and images)• “Great Mosque of Mecca.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Dec. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca#Kaaba.

• 14th and 15th slide (work)• “Sagrada Família.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Dec. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia.• “Great Mosque of Mecca.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 Dec. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca#Kaaba.