comparison of endocrine and nervous systems.€¦ · comparison of endocrine and nervous systems....
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Lesson 4 neurotransmission and reflex arc NS.notebook
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May 21, 2018
May 132:15 PM
Aim: Explain how neurotransmission work and how impulse travels in the reflex arc?
Hw. Study for test 5/23
1. The reflex arch to illustrate how the N. S. responds to stimuli.2. Anatomy of a neuron3. Neurotransmission Synapses Video and explanation.4. Malfunctions of N. S. 5. Comparison of N. S. of different animals6. worksheet.
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May 127:37 AM
Comparison of endocrine and Nervous systems.
The nervous system The endocrine system• uses action potentials * uses hormones (electrical impulses) (chemical messengers)• Made of Neurons 3 *made of Glands
kinds (S.>I.>M.) Hormones target particular
tissues (because
the tissue has the receptor for that
particular Hormone)
• Fast immediate action * Slow and long lasting
action or effect
Lesson 4 neurotransmission and reflex arc NS.notebook
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May 21, 2018
May 133:07 PM
• 1.4 The interneurons there, process the message and form a response.
5. · The response travels through the motor neurons.connected to a muscle or gland ﴾effector﴿
6. The effector executes the action.
1. The reflex arc: (Explain the process describe it in your own words)
The reflex arc is a complete circuit that produces an involuntary response. It works as follows:
1.1· sensory receptors in sensory organs pick up a stimulus in the environment.1.2. it initiates an action potential in a sensory neuron1.3. The impulse reaches interneurons in the Spinal cord.
All the actions of the autonomic N. S. are controlled by 2 subsystems with opposite effects.
The sympathetic N. S. Increases a response
The Parasympathetic N. S. decreases the response.
May 1210:56 PM
2. Neurons:• The cells of the N. S. are called neurons• Neurons are cells specialized in carrying electrical impulses. (Draw and label)
Lesson 4 neurotransmission and reflex arc NS.notebook
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May 21, 2018
May 162:31 PM
May 123:00 PM
2. The process of neurotransmission
• Neurons create an action potential or electric impulse (by using active transport of Na+ and K+ create an electric change) in response to stimuli
• The action potential travels in one direction only from dendrites to axon terminals
• Neurons are not physically connected there is a space between them. Called synaptic space.
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter14/animation__the_nerve_impulse.html
Lesson 4 neurotransmission and reflex arc NS.notebook
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May 21, 2018
May 1612:19 PM
3. Synapses (wathch the video and after explain the steps using your own words)
The action potential causes the axon terminal to release stored chemicals (neurotransmitter) into the space between neurons
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p5zFgT4aofA
Synapses occurs when neurotransmitters(molecules) bind to receptors in surrounding dendrites and trigger an action potential .
May 152:17 PM
Lesson 4 neurotransmission and reflex arc NS.notebook
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May 21, 2018
May 1410:21 AM
• Meningitis:inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal
cord (the meninges). Can be caused by bacteria or virus. Treatment depends on cause antibiotics if its bacterial.
• Cerebral palsyNumber of neurological disorders that appear in infancy or early
childhood (congenital) and permanently affect body movement and muscle coordination but don’t worsen over time. No treatment
• polio:Polio is a contagious viral illness that in its most severe form
causes paralysis, difficulty breathing and death. When the virus enters the N. S. it destroys motor neurons. No treatment. Prevented by vaccination.
• StrokeDamage to a region of the brain beacause of blockage or
rupture of blood vessel in the brain. It causes complete or partial paralysis of part of the body and mental functions such as speech and memory.
May 218:59 AM
Lesson 4 neurotransmission and reflex arc NS.notebook
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May 21, 2018
May 218:59 AM
Evolution of nervous system
Unicellular:May have cell receptors such chemical or photoreceptors.
Hydra has a nerve net, no central N. S.
May 219:00 AM
Round worms: Have a ventral cord and a brainlike structure with ganglia along the body cavity and some sensory structures.
Flat worms: Have ganglia ﴾collection of neurons﴿ and have eye spots ﴾photoreceptors﴿
Lesson 4 neurotransmission and reflex arc NS.notebook
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May 21, 2018
May 219:00 AM
Round worms: Have a ventral cord and a brainlike structure with ganglia along the body cavity and some sensory structures.
Flat worms: Have ganglia ﴾collection of neurons﴿ and have eye spots ﴾photoreceptors﴿