Introduction to the GeowebGregory L. GuntherUniversity of Colorado at Denver

Comprehensive Overview of the Geoweb

Introduction to the GeowebGregory L. GuntherUniversity of Colorado at Denver

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What Do You Think? “spatially enabled and access over the internet” “complete integration and use of location at all

levels of the Internet and the Web” Before this course: “simply as interactive maps

published on the internet, through platforms such as ArcIMS or simple web enabled flash maps”

“digital representation of the real world” “internet technologies to get and share

geospatial information” “massive community of applications” “kids would use to learn geography”

(Jones, 2009)

STANDARDS

REST

GeoRSS

Flex

AJAX

KML

WMS JavaScript

JSONDesign

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“An ecosystem is a natural unit consisting of all plants, animals and micro-organisms (biotic factors) in an area functioning together with all of the physical (abiotic) factors of the environment. Ecosystems can be permanent or temporary. An ecosystem is a unit of interdependent organisms which share the same habitat. Ecosystems usually form a number of food webs…”

(Ecosystem, 2009)

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Consumers

Consumers/Developers

Evolution of the Geoweb

1995

2000

2004-2005

Present

Distributed GIS

Geoweb

Online Maps

Distributed GIS Geoweb

Higher LowerData Accuracy and Integrity/Capabilities

User Technical LevelHigher Lower

Web 2.0 Patterns

System Design/UsabilityLower Higher

(Understanding Hype Cycles, 2009)

Gartner’s Hype Cycle

Geoweb: Platform For Data Sharing

Spatial Data Infrastructure

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Barriers To Data Sharing: At Least the SDI Approach “Geodata.gov is the worst example of

data sharing available” “Finding stuff with a map is the way to

go” “Time to kill metadata” “Information for the casual user” “Geoportals don’t work because they

are created by experts for experts” “Comes down to GeoZen” “Metadata should be machine created”

(Fee, 2009)

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Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)Web Mapping Service (WMS)Web Feature Service (WFS)Catalogue Services Interface (CAT)Geographic Markup Language (GML)

Keyhole Markup Language

Metadata standards ISO 19115Content Standard for Digital Geospatial

Metadata (CSDGM), Vers. 2Dublin Core

W3CWeb Service Standards (SOAP)

(Scharl, et. al 2007)

“Since internet users now have a myriad of choices in where they go for information, we as professionals should be designing highly usable systems that give users relevant information…and give it to them right now. If we don’t, they’ll simply go somewhere else.”

(Noyle, 2009)

Usability and the Geoweb

Lesson 1: Hide ComplexityLesson 2: Provide FeedbackLesson 3: Protect Users FromThemselvesLesson 4: Performance

(Noyle, 2009)

Usability

Most PeopleComfortable w/ Complexity

REST

GeoRSS

Flex

AJAX

KML

WMS JavaScript

JSONDesign

Turner’s Characterization of Geoweb formats Shapefiles Microformats (geo) (XML) GeoRSS (XML) KML (XML) GeoJSON GML Others (GeoPDF, JPEG2000) Service Standards (Interfaces)

WMS, WFS, SOAP, OpenSearch-Geo, RESTful style (Turner, 2009)

Formats as RepresentationResources

(Map)

KML GeoRSS

GeoJSON

JPEG2000

GMLJPEG2000

Representations of a resource

SOAPWMS

WFSHTTP Goodness (RESTful)

“GeoRSS, KML, and GeoJSON are the itching powder, squirting ink pen, and dribble cup of geodata formats.”– Sean Gillies

(Turner, 2009)

Common Web 2.0 Patterns Influencing the Geoweb Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Software as a Service (SaaS) Participation-Collaboration Asynchronous Particle Update Mashup Rich User Experience Collaborative Tagging Structured Information

Formulated By Real Examples….

SOA Debate for the GeowebREST SOAP “Is the web” Bottom up approach Organic Stateless, cacheable,

layered, linked URI based resources Multiple formats (not just

xml) Bookmarkable

Portable

Performance Simple

“SOAP You Can Trust” It has been around and

has been used Standards oriented It works Top down approach Contract oriented Complex Robust Secure

(Noyle and Painter, 2009)

REST

•Not new=Distributed GIS •What GIS has been waiting for all along•None of the above

Geoprocessing Services

Map Service

s

Data Storag

eService

s

Search and

Sharing Services

(Jones, 2009)

Runtimes/Sandboxes

Sovereign Usage

Desktop Like

ESRI Flex and SL APIS

Higher Expectations

GeoRSS Feed From USGS

JSON Map ServiceArcGIS Server

JSON Map ServiceArcGIS Online

Top Down Vs. Bottom Up

Standards vs. GrassrootsGML vs. RSSREST vs. SOAP

MetadataSpatial Data Infrastructures vs. RESTful

discovery Adaptability vs. Stability

GIS Based Web or Web Based GIS

Web Dudes and Dudettes

GIS Dudes and Dudettes

Convergence: Don’t see things the same way

•WMS vs Generic Web Services•Geoweb Neighborhood Guy

Possible Solution

B2C (Adaptable, Consumer, Oriented)

B2B (SOAP, Complexity, GML) Geoweb = B2B + B2C

Where: (B2b = SOAP + GML) and (B2C = REST + KML)

(Painter, 2009)

“An ecosystem is a natural unit consisting of all plants, animals and micro-organisms (biotic factors) in an area functioning together with all of the physical (abiotic) factors of the environment. Ecosystems can be permanent or temporary. An ecosystem is a unit of interdependent organisms which share the same habitat. Ecosystems usually form a number of food webs…”

(Ecosystem, 2009)

Geoweb as an Ecosystem

Unit: Geoweb Biotic Factors: People

Users, Participants Perceptions (top-down vs bottom-up) Change Usability

Abiotic Factors: Architectures, standards, formats, specifications,

development platforms Relationships Permanent of temporary Interdependence Food webs

Future

Semantic Web (Web 3.0) Sensor Networks

Now: Environmental Modeling, Battlefield surveillance

Future: Facilities management (where is that computer in a particular building)

(Moreno, 2009)

References Cited

Ecosystem. (2009, August 26). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 17:10, August 26, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ecosystem&oldid=310197121

ESRI. (2007). Geospatial Service Oriented Architectures. ESRI Whitepaper. http://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/geospatial-soa.pdf

ESRI. (2003). Implementing a Metadata Catalog Portal in a GIS Network http://downloads2.esri.com/support/whitepapers/ao_/Implementing_a_Metadata_Catalog_Portal_in_a_GIS_Network.pdf

Fee, James. (2009). Barriers to Data Sharing. WhereCamp5280. July 2009. Retrieved August, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCeKI_7sRJ8

References Cited Jones, Michael, T. (2009). Michael T. Jones – Geoweb

Conference-July 20, 2009. Retrieved August, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCeKI_7sRJ8

Moreno, Rafael. (2009). The Geospatial Semantic Web: What are its Implications for Geospatial Information Users. Unpublished.

Noyle, Brian. Usability and the Geoweb. Weblog entry. GIS and .Net Development. August 2009. http://briannoyle.wordpress.com/2009/07/03/useability-and-the-geoweb-part-1-of/

Noyle, Brian, Painter, Ian. (2009). GeoWeb Architecture Panel. Retrieved September, 2009, from http://www.ustream.tv/recorded/1898360

“Ian Painter" (http://www.snowflakesoftware.com/ ). " I did a Top Down talk..." [Weblog comment.] N.d. Top Down vs. Bottom Up at GeoWeb 2009. Sean Gorman. Off the Map. July 2009. http://blog.fortiusone.com/2009/08/07/top-down-vs-bottom-up-at-geoweb-2009/

References Cited

Scharl, A. and Tochtermann, K. (2007). The Geospatial Web: How Geobrowsers, Social Software and Web 2.0 are Shaping the Network Society. London, England: Spring Science.

Treves, Richard. (2009). AGU Scientists Tech Talks – Geoweb Usability [Video]? Retrieved August, 2009, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=levgAXgxYw0

Turner, Andrew. Geoweb Standards: Five Part Series. Weblog entry. High Earth Orbit. August 2009. http://highearthorbit.com/geoweb-standards-intro/

Understanding Hype Cycles. Hype Cycles. 26 August 2009. 26 August 2009 http://www.gartner.com/pages/story.php.id.8795.s.8.jsp.