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Page 1: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

What is Internet:What is Internet:its history and developmentits history and development

Onno W. Purbo

Computer Network Research Group

Institute of Technology Bandung

[email protected]

[email protected]

Page 2: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

VisiVisi

Akses Internet yang terjangkau

bagi semua orang

(Rp. 100-500 / bulan / orang???)

Page 3: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

OutlineOutline

Sejarah Internet di Dunia. Sepintas Internet di Indonesia. Internet - Network of Networks. Revolusi Teknologi Informasi.

Akses Internet bagi semua orang Rp. 100-500 / bulan / orang!!!!

Page 4: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Perkembangan Internet DuniaPerkembangan Internet Dunia

Baca “Hobbes’ Internet Time Line v.2.3 Baca “Bruce Sterling’s Internet History” Terlampir ....

Page 5: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Inti Sejarah InternetInti Sejarah Internet

Berawal dari ide / konsep di tahun 1962. 1969 - Landmark terbentuknya ARPANET. 1986 - National Science Foundation (NSF)

Backbone dibentuk. 1996 - Internet World Expo.

Page 6: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Filosofi InternetFilosofi Internet

Dimulai dari orang-orang yang mempunyai Visi .....

Visionary Dibentuk orang-orang yang berdedikasi &

bukan birokrat.

Page 7: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Contoh Komentar Para Contoh Komentar Para Legendaris di InternetLegendaris di Internet

“Either lead or follow but please don’t block the road for those who would move forward” - Phil Karn.

“The IETF rejects presidents, kings and voting. We believe in rough consensus and working code” - David Clarke.

Page 8: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

InternetInternet

Network of Networks

Page 9: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Ciri Khas InternetCiri Khas Internet

Network of Networks Di backup oleh banyak volunteer yang

berdedikasi. Teknologi dikembangkan sendiri oleh

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Teknologi diarahkan oleh Internet

Engineering Steering Group (IESG).

Page 10: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Bagaimana Internet di BentukBagaimana Internet di Bentuk

Secara fisik hanya Internet Service Provider (ISP) yang saling menyambung satu dengan lainnya.

Akhirnya dibentuk Network of Networks

Page 11: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Mengapa Internet populer?Mengapa Internet populer?

Murah ..... Bayangkan:

– Sewa Satelit 64Kbps VSAT US$1000-1500/bulan

– Dibagi 10,000 mahasiswa.

– Setiap mahasiswa hanya terbebani Rp. 100-500 / bulan / orang!!!!

Page 12: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Bagaimana Internet di Bagaimana Internet di IndonesiaIndonesia

Berawal dari BPPT - UI - LAPAN di tahun 1992.

Terbentuk Paguyuban - teknologi packet radio sebagai basis untuk network regional.

1994 - Indointernet sebagai ISP komersial pertama.

1996 - paling tidak 20 ISP komersial & 40 ISP menunggu ijin operasi.

Page 13: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Indonesia InternetIndonesia Internet

1200bps SSB7 Cities in Indonesia

InfoRis 64Kbps(telkom.go.id -

Bandung)

InterNet

rad.net.id (ISP)

256Kbps512Kbps - 1996

idola.net.id (ISP)

256Kbps(512Kbps - 1996)

Frame Relay 2Mbps17 Big Cities

wasantara.net.id (ISP)

22 Cities VSATNetwork(64Kbps)

melsa.net.id (ISP)in Bandung

64Kbps

indo.net.id (ISP)

128Kbps

4 Cities VSATNetwork 64Kbps

iptek.net.id (ISP)

128Kbps

sisfo.net.id (ISP)in Bandung

128Kbps2Mbps - 1996

B-ISDN2Mbps

(sisfo.net.id)

Jakarta-BogorInstitutions

19.2Kbps

petra.ac.id(surabaya)

19.2Kbps

9600bpsAX.25 VHF

lapan.go.id

64Kbps

itb.ac.id~2400 users (1995)~8000 users (1996)

19.2Kbps2Mbps - 1996?

1200bpsAX.25 VHF 2Mbps - 1996?

64Kbps - 1996

1200bps VHFRegional-Net

9600bps VHFCity-MAN

2Mbps CDMACity-MAN

Palapa Sat

19.2KbpsSCPC

19.2Kbps1996

en.co.id

19.2K

2Mbps - 1996?

2Mbps - 1996?

Satellite dish

2Mbps AI3 - 1996

2MbpsKu-Band via JCSat-3

cbn.net.id (ISP)

64Kbps

64Kbps

usu.ac.id(medan)

SISDIKSAT1200bps

1200bps SSB7 Cities in Indonesia

InfoRis 64Kbps(telkom.go.id -

Bandung)

InterNet

rad.net.id (ISP)

256Kbps512Kbps - 1996

idola.net.id (ISP)

256Kbps(512Kbps - 1996)

Frame Relay 2Mbps17 Big Cities

wasantara.net.id (ISP)

22 Cities VSATNetwork(64Kbps)

melsa.net.id (ISP)in Bandung

64Kbps

indo.net.id (ISP)

128Kbps

4 Cities VSATNetwork 64Kbps

iptek.net.id (ISP)

128Kbps

sisfo.net.id (ISP)in Bandung

128Kbps2Mbps - 1996

B-ISDN2Mbps

(sisfo.net.id)

Jakarta-BogorInstitutions

19.2Kbps

petra.ac.id(surabaya)

19.2Kbps

9600bpsAX.25 VHF

lapan.go.id

64Kbps

itb.ac.id~2400 users (1995)~8000 users (1996)

19.2Kbps2Mbps - 1996?

1200bpsAX.25 VHF 2Mbps - 1996?

64Kbps - 1996

1200bps VHFRegional-Net

9600bps VHFCity-MAN

2Mbps CDMACity-MAN

Palapa Sat

19.2KbpsSCPC

19.2Kbps1996

en.co.id

19.2K

2Mbps - 1996?

2Mbps - 1996?

Satellite dish

2Mbps AI3 - 1996

2MbpsKu-Band via JCSat-3

cbn.net.id (ISP)

64Kbps

64Kbps

usu.ac.id(medan)

SISDIKSAT1200bps

Page 14: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Network Operation Center Network Operation Center (NOC) - ITB(NOC) - ITB

to PT. Telkom (telkom.co.id)~14,4Kbps most of the time

MultiTech 28.8Kbpssumbangan PT. PanSystem

486 - FreeBSDDNS & mail gate

Novell Server

Thin Ethernet

386 - NOS(no harddisk)

C-Band SCPC Ground StationPT. Elektrindo Nusantara

Thick Ethernet

To ITB Main Library

Eth

erne

t

The EE-Net Backbone

486 - NOSFrom LPP Jogyakarta

HF SSB 300bps7MHz network

486 - NOS

HF SSB14MHz Net

HP 9000series 400

DNS

Dedicated 139MHz1200/9600bps

to LAPAN Bogor

486 - NOS

VHF 148MHzBandung Network

ModemFrom PT. Holycommindo

Pentium in Progress

2Mbps link Ku-Band viaJCSat to WIDE JAPAN

to PT. Telkom (telkom.co.id)~14,4Kbps most of the time

MultiTech 28.8Kbpssumbangan PT. PanSystem

486 - FreeBSDDNS & mail gate

Novell Server

Thin Ethernet

386 - NOS(no harddisk)

C-Band SCPC Ground StationPT. Elektrindo Nusantara

Thick Ethernet

To ITB Main Library

Eth

erne

t

The EE-Net Backbone

486 - NOSFrom LPP Jogyakarta

HF SSB 300bps7MHz network

486 - NOS

HF SSB14MHz Net

HP 9000series 400

DNS

Dedicated 139MHz1200/9600bps

to LAPAN Bogor

486 - NOS

VHF 148MHzBandung Network

ModemFrom PT. Holycommindo

Pentium in Progress

2Mbps link Ku-Band viaJCSat to WIDE JAPAN

Page 15: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

ITB MainInternet Hub

Ku-BandGround Station

Internet

IPTEK-NET

C-BandGround Station

VSATGround Station

ITBCampus-Net

UniversityNetwork

PTS ANetwork

PTS BNetworkPTS B

Network

JCSat-3 (128E)

Palapa B2R

2Mbps

256Kbps

64-128KbpsUS$1000-1500/bulan

Bandung-Net

2Mbps WaveLAN

ITB MainInternet Hub

Ku-BandGround Station

Internet

IPTEK-NET

C-BandGround Station

VSATGround Station

ITBCampus-Net

UniversityNetwork

PTS ANetwork

PTS BNetworkPTS B

Network

JCSat-3 (128E)

Palapa B2R

2Mbps

256Kbps

64-128KbpsUS$1000-1500/bulan

Bandung-Net

2Mbps WaveLAN

Page 16: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Link 2Mbps ke Internet!Link 2Mbps ke Internet!

Setiap Universitas dapat mengakses dengan sewa satelit 64Kbps - US$1000-1500 / bulan.

Universitas sekitar dapat tersambung ke regional node - dengan WaveLAN adalah alternatif murah US$3000 / node!

Semakin banyak mahasiswa mengakses - semakian baik

Rp / orang menjadi rendah.

Page 17: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Visi AI3-ITBVisi AI3-ITB

Pembangunan SDM Teknologi Informasi di Indonesia.

Penguasaan, Pengembangan & Pemanfaatan low cost Teknologi Informasi Internet.

Pengembangan low cost Teknologi Informasi untuk akses bagi Rural & Pedesaan.

Page 18: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

AI3 Acceptable Use PolicyAI3 Acceptable Use Policy

Any traffic related to academic and

research activities. Any traffic for operation and management

of the AI3 network, which includes direct support by commercial entities.

Page 19: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

IT / Internet is not just a IT / Internet is not just a technologytechnology

SDM merupakan kunci utama keberhasilan IT / Internet di Indonesia.

Jaringan Internet antar Universitas akan sangat strategis bagi kelangsungan pembangunan Indonesia - menyongsong APEC, AFTA & GATT.

ITB committed untuk membantu pengembangan jaringan antar Universitas di Indonesia.

Page 20: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Mari Berhitung ....Mari Berhitung .... Menparpostel mentargetkan 5 juta saluran

sambungan untuk repelita ini .... Jumlah Univ. Negeri hanya 75 buah. Jumlah

Univ. Swasta mendekati 1500 buah. Secara pesimistik jumlah potensial di dunia

pendidikan 3-4 juta pengguna = 10% pengguna Internet di dunia.

Kontribusi 1500 saluran (0.03%) akan mengubah struktur Internet di Indonesia.

Page 21: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Beberapa ContohBeberapa Contoh

Clinton launch US$1.5 zillion program untuk mengintegrasikan High School ke Internet.

AT&T akan launch Internet sebagai basic service complement dengan basic service telepon yg selama ini ada.

Thailand (AIT) mengintegrasikan High School ke Internet.

Page 22: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Konfigurasi HardwareKonfigurasi Hardware

Melalui Packet Radio Melalui Wireless LAN Melalui Satelit Melalui Telepon Melalui Local Area Network

Page 23: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Parameter PenentuParameter Penentu

Harga Kecepatan Pengiriman Data Jarak Jangkau

Page 24: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Konfigurasi Packet RadioKonfigurasi Packet Radio

Workstation

Modem Radio Antenna

XT!

Total investasi diluar PC:Modem Radio Rp. 150.000 s/d Rp. 800.000,-Radio Rp. 225.000 s/d Rp. 3.000.000,-Kec. Max. 9600bps (bisa naik ke 256Kbps)Jarak Max. 100km

Page 25: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Konfigurasi Wireless LANKonfigurasi Wireless LAN

Workstation Radio Tower

Wireless LAN CardInside 2Mbps

Total investasi diluar komputer (PC)Wireless LAN US$2000 (satu pasang / 2 buah)Kecepatan Max. 2Mbps (bisa naik ke 10Mbps)Jarak Max. 15 km

Page 26: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Konfigurasi Satellite NetworkKonfigurasi Satellite Network

Workstation Satellite dishMultiplexer

Investasi diluar komputer (PC):Sewa peralatan & saluran satelit

VSAT SCPC US$5500 / bulan / 64KbpsVSAT TDMA US$1500 / bulan / 64Kbps

sebaiknya UNIX

Page 27: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Konfigurasi Telepon NetworkKonfigurasi Telepon Network

Workstation

Modem

Konfigurasi yang umumnya digunakan penggunaInternet Service Provider (ISP) di Indonesia

Investasi diluar komputer (PC):Modem Telepon Rp. 250.000 s/d Rp. 3.000.000,-Kec. Max. 28.8Kbps

Page 28: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Konfigurasi Local Area Konfigurasi Local Area NetworkNetwork

Workstation

Local AreaNetwork

Investasi diluar komputer (PC):Ethernet card Rp. 90.000 s/d Rp. 500.000Kabel dan Hub EthernetKec. Max. 10-100Mbps.Jarak Max. 500 meter

Page 29: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Frequently Asked Questions?Frequently Asked Questions?

Bagaimana cara menyambungkan sebuah Corporate Wide Area Network?

Peralatan apa saja yang dibutuhkan? Bagaimana konfigurasi peralatan tersebut?

Page 30: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Corporate / Campus InternetCorporate / Campus Internet

ModemPC / Router

Local AreaNetwork

Ethe

rnet

LANJurusan

CampusBackbone

LANPusat

Penelitian

LANPerpustakaan

Contoh Typical CampusNetwork

InterNet

Seluruh Kampus /Corporate Terhubung

ke Internet melaluisebuah kabel telepon

& modem

Page 31: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Beberapa Revolusi TeknologiBeberapa Revolusi Teknologi

CU-see-Me .... Internet Terminal / Internet Toaster :-) .. Wireless LAN

Page 32: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

CU-see-MeCU-see-Me

Page 33: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Low Cost CU-see-MeLow Cost CU-see-Me

Merupakan alternatif low cost video conferencing system & de-factor standard Internet.

PC-based + kamera + soundblaster. As low as Rp. 350.000 additional equipment

to PC!!! Bisa dijalankan di 14.4Kbps :-) ... tidak

tergantung pada deployment ISDN.

Page 34: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Cybercast StationCybercast Stationhttp://www.nus.sg/Cybercast/Cybercast.html

VCR

Mac Quadra

AudioVideo

InternetCU-see-Me Client

Reflector Sites

Reflectorcybercast.nus.sg

MBone Tunnelcybercast.nus.sg

US

UK

Japan

Australia

Internet

VCR

Mac Quadra

AudioVideo

InternetCU-see-Me Client

Reflector Sites

Reflectorcybercast.nus.sg

MBone Tunnelcybercast.nus.sg

US

UK

Japan

Australia

Internet

Page 35: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Internet AppliancesInternet Appliances

Internet Toaster US$500 :-) .... Processor + 4Mb RAM +

Modem - US$250 ...

Page 36: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Peralatan Wireless WANPeralatan Wireless WAN

Card Wireless Ethernet Speed 2Mbps s/d 10Mbps Distance 15-40 km :-) .... Antenna Yagi / Disc PC sebagai router ke LAN Ethernet

Page 37: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Wireless LANWireless LAN

PC / Workstation PC / Workstation

15 Km @ 250mW915MHz CDMA

Percobaan di ITB, BandungDengan Antenna Loop Yagi 915MHz

Jarak 15 km LAN-to-LAN Connection 2Mbps(sponsor PT. Compact Microwave Indonesia)

Page 38: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

Konsekuensi Revolusi Konsekuensi Revolusi TeknologiTeknologi

Internet menjadi komoditi

yang sangat murah!

Rp. 100-500 / bulan / orang!!

Page 39: Computer Network Research Group ITB What is Internet: its history and development Onno W. Purbo Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology

Computer Network Research Group ITB

RangkumanRangkuman

Internet adalah komoditi untuk seluruh lapisan masyarakat.

Kunci utama keberhasilan:– Sumber Daya Manusia.– Kolektif / Koperasi User Internet.

Teknologi & Funding bukan masalah utama.