computers, automations and robots

7/24/2019 Computers, Automations and Robots

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COMPUTERS,

AUTOMATION ANDROBOTS

Gaspar, Gio

IsraelAngeles, Deniece


2/26

IMPACT OF AUTOMATION ON THEWORP!ACE

D"ring #$e age o% &ec$ani'a#ion,&ac$ines (ere )e*elope) #o )o (or+

pre*io"sl )one - $"&ans "sing $an)#ools.

T$e /012s sa( #$e -eginnings o% -roa)3-ase) e4or#s a# a"#o&a#ing &ec$anicalprocesses an) ss#e&s.


3/26


E4ec#s o% A"#o&a#ion an) In#egra#ion on (or+ers5

C$anging #$e e&p$asis %ro& p$sical (or+ #o a"#o&a#e)&ec$anical (or+.

C$anging #$e e&p$asis %ro& p$sical #o &en#al (or+.

Ca#egori'ing (or+ as ei#$er &en#al or p$sical. In#elligence *ers"s la-or.

Increasing #$e le*el o% s#ress on (or+ers, s"per*isors,an) &anagers.

Eli&ina#ing so&e #ra)i#ional -l"e3collar 6o-s #$a# ca"se &oralepro-le&s an) )ecrease e&ploee loal#.

Ma+ing (or+ers %eel a loss o% con#rol an) #$e onse# o%$elplessness an) po(erlessness.


4/26


Wi#$ a"#o&a#ion, #$e ra#e o% c$ange$as increase). Wor+ers &"s# con#in"all learn 7 relearn

#$eir 6o-s (i#$ li##le or no relie%.

A"#o&a#e) &ac$ines )o &ore o% #$e

(or+ #$a# "se) #o -e )one - $"&ans. T$is can lea*e (or+ers %eeling as i% #$e

&a -e replace) - a &ac$ine an)po(erless #o )o an#$ing a-o"# i#.


5/26

8DTS IN OFFICES AND FACTORIES

A sa%e# 7 $eal#$ concern -ro"g$# a-o"# -#$e a)*en# o% co&p"#ers $as #o )o (i#$ #$ei&pac# o% *i)eo )ispla #er&inals 98DTs:.

Does prolonged use of VDTs cause safety & healthproblems?

Are pregnant women who work at VDTs more likelyto miscarry?

Are such problems as eye fatigue, musclestiness,and mental fatigue caused by VDT use?


6/26


NIOSH p"-lis$e) a s#") s$o(ing #$a#; women who work with VDTs hae no greater

risk of miscarriage than those who do not!"

NIOSH plans #o con)"c# researc$ in#o #(oa))i#ional areas o% concern5 W$e#$er 8DT "se can -e #ie) #o -ir#$ )e%ec#s,

pre&a#"re -ir#$s, or lo( -ir#$ (eig$#. Po#en#ial ris+s o% e


7/26


Researc$ $as s"ppor#e) >n)ings #$a# 8DT "sers o%#ens"4er ee3rela#e) )isco&%or# an) s&p#o&s. Ee s#rain ca"se) - prolonge) 8DT "se i&pairs #$e *is"al

$eal#$ o% #$e opera#or e


8/26


S#ra#egies %or re)"cing p$siological?psc$ologicalpro-le&s associa#e) (i#$ 8DT "se5

Increasing co&p"#er response #i&e.

More %re="en# -rea+s %ro& 8DT "se. Arranging #$e +e-oar) properl so i# is loca#e) in

%ron# o% #$e "ser, no# #o #$e si)e. Enco"raging e&ploees #o "se a so%# #o"c$ on #$e +e-oar)

an) ($en clic+ing a &o"se. Enco"raging e&ploees #o a*oi) (ris# res#ing.

Placing #$e &o"se (i#$in eas reac$. !oca#ing #$e 8DT a# a proper $eig$# an) )is#ance. Mini&i'ing glare, re)"cing lig$#ing le*els, )"s#ing #$e 8DT.

Eli&ina#ing #elep$one cra)ling.


9/26

HUMAN@ROBOT INTERACTION

W$a# &a+es ro-o#s &ore po#en#iall )angero"s #$an

o#$er &ac$ines can -e s"&&ari'e) as %ollo(s5 T$eir a-ili# #o ac="ire in#elligence #$ro"g$ progra&&ing.

Fle


10/26

SAFET?HEA!TH PROB!EMS


11/26


Accor)ing #o #$e Na#ional Sa%e# Co"ncil9NSC: #$e principal $a'ar)s associa#e)(i#$ ro-o#s are5

Being s#r"c+ - a &o*ing ro-o# ($ile insi)e#$e work envelope.

Being #rappe) -e#(een a &o*ing par# o% aro-o# an) ano#$er &ac$ine, o-6ec#, or s"r%ace.

Being s#r"c+ - a (or+piece, #ool, or o#$ero-6ec#)roppe) or e6ec#e) - a ro-o#.


12/26


T$e (or+ en*elope o% aro-o# is #$e #o#al area(i#$in ($ic$ #$e &o*ingpar#s o% #$e ro-o#

ac#"all &o*e.

An#i&e a (or+er en#ersa %"nc#ioning ro-o#s

(or+ en*elope,pro-a-ili# o% an acci)en#-eco&es *er $ig$.


13/26


T$e onl logical reason %or a (or+er #o en#er #$e(or+ en*elope o% an engage) ro-o# is #o #eac$ i# ane( &o#ion. Man ro-o#s "se a &o)e o% opera#ion calle) teach mode.

Uni="e a&ong in)"s#rial e="ip&en# as regar)s sa%eg"ar)ing.

In #$e #eac$ &o)e, an opera#or &a -e re="ire) #o place$i&sel% (i#$in #$e opera#ing range o% #$e ro-o# #o progra&i#s &o*e&en#s (i#$in *er close #olerance para&e#ers.

A $a'ar) &a arise i% #$e ro-o# goes o"# o% con#rol an)&o*es in an "npre)ic#a-le %as$ion a# a $ig$ ra#e o% spee). Teac$ &o)e is ($ere #$e $ig$es# )egree o% $a'ar) e


14/26

MINIMIING THE SAFET?HEA!THPROB!EMS OF ROBOTS

S#ra#egies %or &ini&i'ing ro-o# $a'ar)s5 Ens"re a glare3%ree, (ell3lig$#e) ro-o# si#e. eep oors in?aro"n) #$e ro-o# clean 7 %ree o% o-s#r"c#ion so

(or+ers )o no# #rip or slip in#o #$e (or+ en*elope.

eep #$e ro-o# si#e %ree o% associa#e) $a'ar)s s"c$ as -lin)inglig$# %ro& (el)ing &ac$ines or pain# -oo#$ *apors.

E="ip elec#rical?pne"&a#ic co&ponen#s (i#$ co*ers?g"ar)s. Clear #$e (or+ en*elope o% all nonessen#ial o-6ec#s an) &a+e

s"re sa%eg"ar)s are in place -e%ore s#ar#ing.

Appl loc+o"# an) proper #es# proce)"res -e%ore en#ering #$e(or+ en*elope.

Re&o*e an) acco"n# %or all #ools an) e="ip&en# "se) #o&ain#ain #$e ro-o# -e%ore s#ar#ing i#.


15/26

SAFET 7 HEA!TH IN OFFICEAUTOMATION

T$e %ollo(ing pro-le&s are i)en#i>e) as associa#e) (i#$oce a"#o&a#ion5 Ee %a#ig"e, seeing )o"-le 7 co&ple&en#ar colors.

Hea)ac$e, a(n %eelings, "n(illingness #o #al+.

S$o"l)er 7 nec+ %a#ig"e, )rness in #$e #$roa#.

Sleep %eelings, an) ($ole3-o) #ire)ness.

C"rren# scien#i>c researc$ s"4ers %ro& a lac+ o%in#egra#ion 7 clear )e>ni#ion o% ($a# is ca"sing ($a#.

T$e ="es#ion %acing polic3&a+ers is $o( -es# #o crea#e

#$e polic #o &ain#ain #$e c"rren# le*el o% crea#i*i# an)inno*a#ion in #$e &ar+e#place ($ile no# sacri>cing #$e

="ali# o% (or+li%e.


16/26

INDUSTRIA! MEDICINE AND ROBOTS

Mala)ap#a#ion #o an a"#o&a#e) en*iron&en# can&ani%es# i#sel% as5 An "rge #o ="i# (or+ or a )rop in (or+ per%or&ance. Fa#ig"e pro-le&s (i#$ $"&an rela#ions.

Social pa#$ological p$eno&ena s"c$ as )r"g "se or cri&e. Moo) s(ings a loss o% &o#i*a#ion an) acci)en#s.

Prac#i#ioners o% in)"s#rial &e)icine are concerne)

(i#$ i&pro*ing #$e rela#ions$ip -e#(een $"&ansan) a"#o&a#e) &ac$ines - es#a-lis$ing &e#$o)s($ere- $"&ans can (or+ &ore a)e="a#el (i#$ #$e&ac$ines.


17/26

INDUSTRIA! MEDICINE AND ROBOTS

So&e reco&&en)a#ions %or i&pro*ing in#erac#ion o%$"&ans an) ro-o#s, co&p"#ers, 7 o#$er a"#o&a#e)&ac$ines in #$e $ig$3#ec$ (or+place5 Ma#c$ #$e $"&an ss#e& an) #$e co&p"#er ss#e&.

Posi#ion &ac$ine ss#e&s as $"&an3s"ppor#i*e ss#e&s. A)ap# $"&an@co&p"#er in#erac#ion #o $"&an "se.

Ini#ia#e 6o-3c$anging oppor#"ni#ies.

Allo( s"i#a-le res# perio)s %or a"#o&a#e) e="ip&en# "sers. Enco"rage recrea#ion, an) pro&o#e #$e e4ec#i*e "se o% non(or+ing

$o"rs. Free people %ro& $a'ar)o"s, )ir#, an) $ar&%"l 6o-s.

S$or#en (or+ing $o"rs an) pro&o#e (or+ s$aring.

E


18/26

TECHNO!OGICA! A!IENATION

So&e (or+ers $a*e co&e #o resen# #$e i&pac#o% a"#o&a#e) #ec$nolog on #$eir li*es, aconcep# is +no(n as #ec$nological aliena#ion. Powerlessnessis #$e %eeling #$a# (or+ers $a*e ($en

#$e are no# a-le #o con#rol #$e (or+ en*iron&en#. Po(erless (or+ers &a %eel #$a# #$e are less i&por#an# #$an #$e

#ec$nolog, an) #$a# #$e are e


19/26


20/26

MINIMIING THE PROB!EMS OFAUTOMATION

A pressing nee) is #o i)en#i% an) &ini&i'e #$e ne(sa%e# 7 $eal#$ pro-le&s speci>call associa#e) (i#$a"#o&a#ion.

A socio#ec$nical ss#e& #$eor %or )oing #$is $as

-een )e*elope), ($ic$ consis#s o% #$e %ollo(ing5 8ariance con#rol, -o"n)ar loca#ion, (or+ gro"p

organi'a#ion, &anage&en# s"ppor#, )esign process,an) ="ali# o% (or+ li%e.

T$e *ario"s co&ponen#s in #$e socio#ec$nical ss#e$eor e


21/26


T$e co&ponen#s can -e s"&&ari'e) as %ollo(s5 8ariance con#rol in*ol*es con#rolling #$e "neca#ion o% (or+.

#hat speci$c tasks are included in an employee%s ob description? Wor+ gro"p organi'a#ion in*ol*es i)en#i%ing #as+s a (or+

gro"p is #o per%or& 7 $o( #$e are #o -e per%or&e). Manage&en# s"ppor# s#a#es #$a# &anagers &"s# -e (illing

#o accep# occasional #e&porar )eclines in pro)"c#i*i#

(i#$o"# resor#ing #o s$or#c"#s or i&pro*e&en# e4or#s#$a# &a -e "nsa%e or "n$eal#$. Manage&en# &"s# -e (illing #o e&p$asi'e sa%e# in spi#e o%

#e&porar )eclines in pro)"c#i*i#.


22/26


T$e co&ponen#s can -e s"&&ari'e) as %ollo(s5

T$e )esign process co&ponen# re%ers #o #$ea-ili# o%an organi'a#ion #o )esign i#sel% in (as #$a#

pro&o#e pro)"c#i*i#, ="ali#, co&pe#i#i*eness,sa%e#, an) $eal#$.

J"ali# o% (or+ li%e in*ol*es )e#er&ining (as

#o pro&o#e #$e &orale an) -es# in#eres#s o%(or+ers.

Ens"re #$a# people con#rol ss#e&s ra#$er #$an*ice *ersa.


23/26

SAFET MEASURES FOR AUTOMATEDSSTEMS

Ene #$e (or+ en*elope.

Con#rol o% #$e spee) o% &o*e&en# o% ss#e& co&ponen#s($en (or+ing insi)e #$e (or+ %ence.

!oca#ion o% #$e ss#e& con#rol panel outside#$e sa%e# %ence

Ins#alla#ion o% an e&ergenc s#op )e*ice colore) re) an) place)in an easil accessi-le loca#ion Es#a-lis$&en# o% a"#o&a#ic s$"#)o(n #$a# ac#i*a#es an #i&e a

co&ponen# goes -eon) i#s pre)e#er&ine) opera#ional range

Training opera#ors #o (or+ sa%el (i#$in #$e (or+ en*elope an)(or+ as a #ea& ($en in#erac#ing (i#$ #$e ss#e&.

Training &ain#enance (or+ers on #$e #ec$nical aspec#s o%&ain#aining all &ac$ines an) e="ip&en#.


24/26

CHA!!ENGE FOR THE FUTURE

T$e %"#"re $ol)s &an pro-le&s #o -e a))resse)5 Increasingl in#ense in#erna#ional co&pe#i#ion &a &agni%

#$e #en)enc %or co&panies #o neglec# sa%e# 7 $eal#$preca"#ions in %a*or o% s$or#3#er& pro)"c#i*i# gains.

Men#al s#ress is li+el #o increase as a"#o&a#e) &anip"la#iono% in%or&a#ion %orces (or+ers #o #r con#in"all #o $an)le #oo&"c$ poorl "n)ers#oo). in%or&a#ion.

A"#o&a#ion an) co&pe#i#ion are li+el #o increase an


25/26

CHA!!ENGE FOR THE FUTURE

S#ra#egies %or en$ancing #$e sa%e# 7 $eal#$ o%#o&orro(s a"#o&a#e) (or+place5 Tec$nological ss#e&s an) processes &"s# -e )esigne) #o

#a+e in#o acco"n# #$e p$sical, &en#al, an) e&o#ional

nee)s o% $"&an (or+ers. Wor+ers (ill nee) #raining an) con#in"al re#raining #o

e4ec#i*el 7 ecien#l opera#e #ec$nological ss#e&s. An) in#erac# (i#$ #$e& %ro& #$e perspec#i*e o% &as#er ra#$er

#$an ina)e="ac.

J"ali# o% (or+ li%e as (ell as sa%e#?$eal#$ consi)era#ions(ill $a*e #o recei*e as &"c$ a##en#ion in #$e )esign an)i&ple&en#a#ion o% a"#o&a#e) ss#e&s an) processes as)o econo&ic an) #ec$nological concerns.


26/26

ISO STANDARD 022/5K222

Since Dece&-er K22L, #$e A"#o&a#ion an) Ro-o#ics

!a-ora#ories (ARL)$ol) a cer#i>ca#ion o% con%or&i# #o#$e Manage&en# Ss#e& S#an)ar) ISO 022/5K222.

T$e cer#i>ca#e $as -een iss"e) - De# Nors+e 8eri#as

9DN8:, one o% #$e lea)ing (orl)3(i)e regis#rars %or ISOcer#i>ca#ion.

T$e Scope o% #$e cer#i>ca#ion are #$e Ser*ices pro*i)e) -#$e !a-ora#ories in #$e %ra&e o%5

A"#o&a#ion an) Ro-o#ics concep#s )e>ni#ion, -rea)3-oar)ing an) )e&ons#ra#ion %or ESA?ESTEC in#ernalc"s#o&ers

Pro6ec# s"ppor# an) p"-lic rela#ions )e&ons#ra#ions %or

e

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