Maurice Hendrix, Alexandra Cristea*

London Knowledge Lab 25/11/2008

{maurice,acristea}@dcs.warwick.ac.uk*Based on work in collaboration with

Paul De Bra, Mykola Pechenizkiy, David Smits from TU/e and other Grapple WP3 partners

Concept Adaptation Model CAM

Outline• Grapple• Adaptive Hypermedia• Authoring now e.g: LAOS• Graphical Authoring: CAM• Further Work & Conclusions

• Combining ALE with LMS• Open service oriented architecture

– Open source

– LMS Independent

• Adaptation component• Distributed UM Framework• Authoring environment for Conceptual Adaptation

Structures

Adaptive Hypermedia• Hypermedia• Adaptive• Richer learning experience

AHAM 3 layer model:• Domain model (DM)• Adaptation model (AM)• User models (UM)

LAOS 5 layer model adds:• Goal & Constraints Model (GM)• Presentation Model (PM)

Authoring developments

• Arbitrary number of layers >3

• Domain model (DM)• Concept Relation Types (CRT)• Adaptation Model (AM0 .. AMN) • User models (UM)

Authoring in GRAPPLE, CAM

Authoring tools development

• AHA! Graph editor tool– Graphical– Does not consider different layers– Specific to AHA!– Despite being graphical still requires

expert

Example DM & resources authoring in MOT

Main authoring bottleneck now: AM

• Either pre-prepared strategy or programming knowledge required

• Difficult for non-CS teachers to go beyond provided strategies

• MOT– LAOS based

– Web-based content & GM creation, requires little CS knowledge.

– Adaptation enigne independant

– AM via LAG semi-programming language, requires expert or pre-prepared strategy

initialization(PM.next = truePM.ToDo = falsePM.menu = true

while true (PM.GM.Concept.show = trueUM.GM.Concept.beenthere = 0

)UM.GM.begnum = 0UM.GM.intnum = 0….

)

Authoring tools development: LAG adaptation language

Domain Model• Concepts and relations (hierarchical, is_a, part_of, etc.)

• Using a content repository

Concept Relationship Types• (Pedagogical) relations between concepts, groups of concepts and groups of concepts and the associated adaptive behaviour.

• Relations binary or N-ary

• Author can define using CRT tool, or use a library of common building blocks

CRT definition (pedagogic relationship types)

Concept Adaptation Model• Combines the concepts from the DM and relations between concepts from the CRT

• Can be defined via the CAM tool that will be developed

Example Graphical Authoring

Graph based authoring not completely new e.g. AHA! Graph author, WOTAN

Example Graphical AuthoringExample snapshot of a Domain Map

Example Graphical AuthoringExample CAM

CAM tool suggests translation of semantic link ‘created’ into behaviour ‘prerequisite’

Example Graphical AuthoringUsing generic placeholders

Example Graphical AuthoringConditions

Problem detection

• Termination and confluence not guaranteed, we can do static cycle detection but only warn as cycle me not in practise ever occur.

• Between layers this can be solved by run-time priority: a rule on a lower layer cannot change an attribute changed by a rule on a higher layer

Authoring tools for CAM

• Tools for DM, CRT, CAM.• Web-based shell integrates tools into

1 single authoring environment• Drag & drop tools (as far as possible).• Use of a library of common building

blocks (CRT’s)

Further work1. Decide upon interchange formats

between DM, CRT, CAM2. Decide export format of CAM3. Develop shell for the tools4. Develop the tools5. Develop library for building blocks

(CRT’s)6. Develop verification model for CAM

Thank you for your attention

• Questions?