concern universal impact report 2010

Impact Report 2010 Concern Universal

November 2010

Final report compiled by James Treasure-Evans with support from: Rose Farrington (project reviews, summary evaluations, partner surveys) Jenny Ghikas (partner survey analysis/ tables) Eleanor Chowns (data collection)

Contents:

Executive Summary Impact Statement Introduction What is the problem we are trying to address? What do we do to address it? What are we achieving?

1. Enabling Community-Led Development (SO1) 1.1 Improving food security 1.2 Improving health 1.3 Improving respect for rights 1.4 Improving skills 1.5 Reducing vulnerability (to disasters)

2. Inspiring & Influencing Others (SO2) 2.1 More effective action by development agencies 2.2 More socially, environmentally and economically responsible business practice 2.3 A stronger global movement to combat poverty and inequality

How do we know what we are achieving?

What are we learning and how can we improve?

Executive Summary The 2010 impact report is Concern Universal‟s key public document demonstrating progress against our organisational objectives (See Annex 1 for summary). By assessing our impact we are able to show we are an effective and efficient organisation and that our model of development works.

Concern Universal assesses impact through the lens of three main voices: Concern Universal voices (internal assessments and country level impact reports); beneficiary voices (community impact tools); and independent voices (externally-led evaluations). This is the second impact report published by Concern Universal synthesizing data from 12 country programmes and the global advocacy programme. Although the focus is on Concern Universal‟s impact it must be made clear that almost all of Concern Universal‟s work is done in partnership with government, NGOs and businesses. Partnership is one of the key strengths of the organisation.

Concern Universal‟s first Strategic Objective (SO1) is to enable community-led development by working together with people living in poverty. The impact statement below, and the evaluations and studies annexed in the report, demonstrate the widespread success in this area. In 2009/10 Concern Universal programmes worked with over 1.4m people. Concern Universal‟s programmes have led to tangible improvements in people‟s lives; 161,815 people have improved food security and livelihoods and almost 1m people have improved access to health services. Importantly, Concern Universal programmes have increased climate change adaptation work this year and over 60,000 people were less vulnerable to disasters (floods, droughts, pests) as a result of our projects. Concern Universal country programmes have also offered intensive support to local partner organisations. Over 80% of the partners who completed our 2010 survey felt that capacity building was the most positive aspect of their partnership with Concern Universal.

In 2009 Concern Universal developed a new strategic advocacy objective to amplify the voices of people living in poverty, enabling them to advocate for a more sustainable world. Most of Concern Universal‟s country programmes have developed advocacy initiatives which are responding to the needs and rights of their constituents. Although challenges remain in measuring the impact of our advocacy programmes, there have clearly been some key successes in the public education and business programmes. For example, the development of a key policy brief on how business can contribute to sustainable development, and the development of citizenship modules that have been integrated in to the International Baccalaureate programme in two colleges are major achievements. The advocacy programme is still relatively new and challenges remain in measuring the long term impact. However new partnerships, networking opportunities, and the development of policy and research documentation are all raising the profile of the key organisational advocacy issues of climate change, aid effectiveness and good business.

Concern Universal is continuously learning and the increased focus on impact this year has raised a number of issues and challenges. In future more emphasis will be placed on how to become a learning organisation and how to encourage cross-programmatic learning within our decentralised structure.

Impact Statement Introduction Reporting on impact is a critical part of accountability, not just to those who fund us, but also to the people we exist to serve. In 2009 Concern Universal published its first Impact Report sealing a commitment to report on impact across all the country programmes we work in. The organisational impact report will be published annually to inform all of our stakeholders what we are doing well and what we are determined to improve to enhance the impact and quality of our work, and will be supported by country level impact reports, such as the one in Malawi completed in November 2010. As an organisation committed to the values of partnership and integrity, and entrusted with responsibility for utilising funds for particular purposes, we carefully track progress towards our strategic objectives of improving sustainable livelihoods, health, the respect for rights, and skills, and reducing vulnerability to disasters. As an organisation committed to the values of human dignity and community focus, we believe in listening to community voices and this is a key part of our assessment methodology.

What is the problem we are trying to address? Concern Universal is an international development charity working in 12 countries to reduce poverty and improve livelihoods. Our mission is to work in partnership to challenge poverty and inequality. We support practical actions that enable people to improve their lives and shape their own futures. Our global programmes are structured around two overarching strategic objectives. The first organisational objective is to enable community-led development by working together with people living in poverty to enable them to improve the quality of their lives. This is done through practical work with individuals, communities and partners in 12 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Our second strategic objective, developed through strong partnerships with local organisations in our country programmes, amplifies the voices of people living in poverty, enabling them to advocate for a fairer and more environmentally sustainable world. Together, we aim to secure changes to policy and practice to help overcome barriers to development.

What do we do to address it? Concern Universal has a holistic appreciation of community development, believing that communities face a number of interconnected issues that may result in high levels of vulnerability and poverty. In order to make sense of the complex issues facing communities and to tackle and reduce poverty in our country programmes we focus on activities within five key thematic programme areas. We aim to work with the most poor and vulnerable populations in the countries we work in. In 2009/10 Concern Universal worked with over 60 local partners (See Annex 32 for a list of partners) in 12 country programmes, that benefitted approximately 1.4m people.

Firstly, Concern Universal is improving food security and supporting sustainable livelihoods for approximately 160,000 people across 12 countries. This is done through agricultural development, nurturing natural resources, and enabling access to microfinance and markets. In 2009/10 our projects trained 35,221 in new agricultural techniques, ensured that 903 hectares of new land was irrigated, planted 1,207,270 trees and took on 48,036 micro-finance clients. The total spent on this programme was £4,778,914. Secondly, our country programmes improve health outcomes for approximately 1m people living in poverty. This is done through improving access to safe water and sanitation, promoting preventive healthcare, improving nutrition, and promoting action on HIV and AIDS. In 2009/10 Concern Universal programmes provided 915 new or rehabilitated water points, trained 750,957 people in sanitation and hygiene, provided HIV awareness and education to 202,676, improved access to healthcare for 235,148 and gave HIV care and support to 1155 people. The total spent on this programme in 2009/10 was £2,915,213. Thirdly, our programmes improve respect for rights within our target communities. In 2009/10, 542,530 people participated in rights-based training events, 9,734 people attended advocacy events, and 39 service provision agreements were signed with duty bearers. The total spent on this programme in 2009/10 was £970,068. Fourthly, Concern Universal and our partner organisations are improving human capital, improving skills through literacy circles, capacity building, and specialised training schemes. In 2009/10 our programmes worked with 41,129 people, including 5,282 involved in literacy circles, 352 literacy-circle facilitators trained, and 3,914 children participating in educational and arts activities. The total spent on this programme in 2009/10 was £483,668. And finally we reduce people‟s vulnerability to disasters through disaster risk reduction programmes, targeting approximately 70,000 people. During 2009/10, 26,817 people participated in disaster risk reduction training, 5104 received emergency relief, and 1,494 received reconstruction/ rehabilitation support. The total spent on this programme in 2009/10 was £939,933. Concern Universal also believes that to reduce poverty it is important to address the causes of poverty and vulnerability. This is done through our policy and advocacy work, both in the UK and in our country programmes. Our policy and advocacy work has three main themes and supports our mission to reduce poverty and inequality. Concern Universal is working with others to promote more effective action by development agencies on climate change and aid effectiveness. This is done through advocacy, lobbying, and research. In 2009/10 we produced a report on climate change (Climate Frontline), published a report and blog on impact assessment, developed an organisational advocacy strategy and fed in to the BOND development effectiveness programme.

Concern Universal is also calling for more socially, environmentally and economically responsible business practice to achieve sustainable development. Work in 2009/10 focused on the Africa Progress Panel and the publication of a policy brief on how business can support development. The programme has engaged with 500 businesses and is promoting Concern Universal‟s „good business‟ messages. This programme also developed a new strategy, and participated in external events such as the Hay Festival, the World Economic Forum on Africa, and the Hereford and Worcester Chamber of Commerce and Africa Emerging Markets Forum. As the third theme of our advocacy work, the global movement programme sought to combat poverty and inequality by engaging individuals to build a fairer world together, and reached 15,000 people with global development messages. Advocacy and lobbying is becoming increasingly important in our country programmes. As well as providing community based evidence for our organisational advocacy themes (aid effectiveness/ climate change/ business in development) each country programme is also developing their own advocacy work around our five SO1 themes. A list of the advocacy activities completed in 2009/10 can be found in Annex 3 and Annex 4.

What are we achieving?

1. Enabling Community-Led Development (SO1) 1.1 Improving food security (support to sustainable livelihoods) Concern Universal‟s livelihoods programmes benefitted 161,815 people in 2009/10. As well as improving crop and livestock yields for 53,346, the programmes have reduced hunger for approximately 70,000 people and over 10,000 people have established successful businesses that have improved their livelihoods. Through CUMO, a not-for-profit rural finance company in Malawi started with support from Concern Universal, over 50,390 people (85% women) have accessed affordable credit. Concern Universal commissioned several evaluations and impact studies in 2009/10 that focused on livelihoods. One of these evaluated the „Encouraging institutions of the poor to strive for improvements in their sustainable livelihoods‟ (EIPSISL) project in Guinea. The evaluation found that two years after the project had ended market gardening activities continued and communities continued to produce more than they had before the project began, thereby improving access to food. Further impact studies in Malawi found that as a result of Concern Universal‟s work 77% of targeted households in Ntcheu district had improved their crop and livestock diversity, giving them greater household resilience to drought. Concern Universal has also conducted post-impact assessments using participatory, community led techniques (Community-First Impact Tool, C-FIT) that were developed by the organisation to verify the impact of sustainable livelihoods programmes. The

results from these have been generally positive, with the Gambia is Good (a social business set up by Haygrove and Concern Universal) assessment showing that the project has led to more disposable income for participants, less reliance on loans, increased access to education, improved nutrition, and „greater harmony‟ in the community because of improved standards of living.

1.2 Improving health Concern Universal‟s projects have had a major impact on health outcomes. Almost 1m people have directly benefitted; largely through our Bangladesh health programme operating in the Chittagong hill tracts. Over half a million people who previously did not have access to safe water now have access, over 800,000 have improved sanitation and 5745 people living with HIV now receive support and are able to lead more productive lives. Specific examples of the improvement of health services and health outcomes include the building of a community health centre in the Western region of Gambia to increase access to decent health services for refugees from the Casamance region of Senegal, the increase in the number of men getting voluntary HIV testing in Concern Universal project areas in Malawi, and an improvement in first aid skills amongst communities in Kusamai, Gambia. Concern Universal‟s water and sanitation programmes also have a significant impact. In Malawi, for example, a 2009 ex-post evaluation was completed five years after the end of project funding. The study, undertaken with Engineers without Borders, found that 70% of all water points installed across the country continue to function. In Ebonyi and Cross River States in Nigeria, Concern Universal has improved access to water for 134,400 people in 80 remote villages and water collection times have reduced from 70 to five minutes. See Annex 22 for a case study of this project.

1.3 Improving respect for rights Many of Concern Universal‟s programmes are based on the principal of ensuring people are aware of their basic human rights to life, liberty, and security as laid out in the universal declaration of human rights (UN, 1948), and have access to their entitlements. In 2009/10, Concern Universal supported programmes that improved the rights of over 100,000 women and 40,000 children. Through our 12 country programmes 8668 members of community groups were able to demand their basic rights from duty bearers in their communities.

A list of advocacy and lobbying initiatives within our country programmes (Annex 4) shows the diverse number of actions that have led to an improvement in rights. Highlights of this work include: community committees advocating for improved health services in Brazil; the election of three young people‟s associations to the Municipal Council, community – government agreements on basic services, and the participation of women from communities in public policy on gender in Colombia; and working with the Centre for Social

Accountability (South Africa) to support local government monitoring in Mozambique. The impact of the rights work is as diverse as the activities that have been carried out. For example, in Brazil an assessment of work carried out between 1998-2008 has shown that support to local partner Casa Pequeno Davi has led to a reduction in the rate of child labour from 70% to 14% amongst target children, a reduction in the rate of home-based violence from 90% to 22% and improvements in primary education. For further information on the partnership with Casa Pequeno Davi please see the case study in Annex 22. Work in Brazil and Colombia has also resulted in the improvement of rights for communities and improved education services within 46 schools (see Annex 12 on the Community Led Advocacy Initiatives, Latin America project). Another major achievement that merits highlighting here is the Bangladesh anti-trafficking project. As a result of Concern Universal‟s work with local partners the Dhaka Ahsania Mission, Socio Legal Aid Research and Training Centre and the Women Interlink Foundation 78,000 vulnerable families are being given support and there has been a reduction in trafficking of women and children within the targeted districts (more details of this project can be found in Annex 25).

1.4 Improving skills Across Concern Universal‟s 12 country programmes projects focusing on improving skills have changed the lives of over 40,000 people. Concern Universal and local partners have improved the literacy levels of almost 4,000 people, developed technical and vocational skills of approximately 16,000 people and developed the capacity of over 15,000 people to represent themselves and their community to duty bearers.

Concern Universal has also offered intensive support to local partner organisations (community based and non-governmental organisations). As the results of our partner survey show (see Annex 16, and Annex 17 and Annex 31 for background) over 80% of the partners who completed the survey felt that capacity building was the most positive aspect of their partnership with Concern Universal.

1.5 Reducing vulnerability to disasters Many of the people that Concern Universal works with live in areas that will be directly affected by the impacts of climate change. They live on marginal land that is susceptible to flooding, droughts, and natural disasters. To help people adapt to climate change Concern Universal worked with over 60,000 people in 2009/10 to enable them to reduce their vulnerability to disaster risks. At the same time 2,638 people were supported to rebuild their lives post-disaster through support to rehabilitation of livelihoods. In some of our country programmes Concern Universal is known as a leader in climate change adaptation. In The Gambia for example Concern Universal has worked closely with the government to develop a national response to climate change impacts. Specifically this has led to farmers in the Western region implementing contingency measures so that they are able to respond to emergencies and farmers in the North Bank region establishing Village Development Committees. Disaster planning in Malawi has ensured that Disaster Risk Management plans are now in place and have been included in District Development Plans (see Annex 14 for details of this project and Annex 22 for a case study of the impact of the work).

2. Inspiring & Influencing Others (SO2) Below is a summary of our progress against our second objective, to inspire and influence others. There remain a number of challenges to accurately measuring the impact of this work, partly because the measurement and attribution of advocacy outcomes is in itself difficult, but also because this is a new strategic objective for the organisation, having only been incorporated in to the strategy in 2009.

2.1 More effective action by development agencies A number of significant outputs were produced in 2009/10 but given the relative infancy of the programme Concern Universal has not yet been able to measure the impact of the effective development advocacy programme. The current strategy, focusing on climate change and aid effectiveness, is on track and a new strategy for 2010/11 will be developed at the beginning of 2011 that will focus more on outcomes (see Annex 3 for details of outputs and outcomes achieved). One of the most significant achievements was the publication of „Climate Frontline‟, a joint publication between national and international organisations promoting the views and impacts of climate change on farmers. Climate Frontline was launched in the run up to COP15 (Copenhagen) and ensured that farmers voices were heard during this process.

2.2 More socially, environmentally and economically responsible business practice The responsible business programme successfully engaged over 500 local and international businesses to consider responsible business practices in 2009/10. In particular, engagement with Cargill, a multi-national agricultural company, led to the reduction of water usage in some sectors of their business. A „Business Advocates for Development‟ group is emerging out of this work and this is likely to have a positive impact on business practice globally. As a result of a focus on good business practice Concern Universal has been able to influence government policy in regards to sustainable business practice and Concern Universal was the only INGO to take part in the Business Call to Action roundtable at 10 Downing Street in June 2009. The most significant achievement was the publication of „Doing Good Business‟ by the Africa Progress Panel. The report was an in depth study, sector by sector, of business in Africa. The findings have been extensively distributed to business, NGOs and government (See Annex 3 for details of outputs and outcomes achieved).

The promotion of social business practice has also been developed through country programmes (See impact on Gambia is Good in Annex 21, and information on CUMO above).

2.3 A stronger global movement to combat poverty and inequality Concern Universal‟s global movement work

has expanded significantly in recent months and by 2011 will work in approximately 90 schools in the west of England (Hereford/ Worcester/ Gloucester). The global movement team has been closen by the Citizenship Foundation as their Giving Nation Social Action Awards partner for the 2010 academic year. In 2009/10 over 15,000 people were reached with global development messages. Concern Universal has also been encouraging local business employees to get involved in international development activities and the organisation has organised very successful development education trips to The Gambia. (see Annex 3 for details of outputs and outcomes achieved)

How do we know what we are achieving? Concern Universal assesses impact through our own internal assessments, the assessments of the people and communities we support, and through independent, externally-led evaluations. Within these three areas we use six key approaches to understanding impact to ensure that we have captured a full picture of the changes that have occurred as a result of the work that we have supported and have captured voices from the people that we work with. Much of the information for this report has been gathered through participatory M&E systems in which participants are involved in assessing progress themselves. Below is a brief summary of the key methodologies used and the data collected can be found in the Annexes attached.

1. Concern Universal voices 1.1 Impact summary for the whole organisation (Annex 2/3/4): this captures „headline data‟ in one place, giving an at-a-glance overview of all we do to quantify the outputs, outcomes and impacts of our work, and relate these to the inputs / costs (both financial and environmental). This has been done for SO1 and SO2 (UK and CP)

1.2 Country Programme impact summaries (Annex 5/6/7/8/9): Country Programmes (CPs) have produced impact reports or statements using a variety of approaches, including C-FIT, to show the specific impact of each Country Programme. In 2009-10 Brazil, Colombia, Gambia, Guinea, and Mozambique produced impact summaries, which have been included in this report.

1.3 Malawi Impact Report (Not annexed, available on request): In November 2010 the Malawi country programme published an extensive country level

impact report covering all of their programmatic areas. The report is too long to annex within this report but the key impact data from the report has been summarised in the SO1 and SO2 sections above.

1.4 Project Outcome Reviews (Annex 10/11/12/14): By presenting a cross-section of projects completed in the last financial year, illustrating each of our five „impact areas‟, we hope to communicate the breadth of our work, and point to the immediate outcomes that result. In 3 or 5 years‟ time, we will revisit these projects and investigate whether, how and why the outcomes have endured.

1.5 Environmental Impact (Carbon Footprint) (Annex 15): Our work has both positive and negative environmental impacts. We know that we need to reduce the „carbon footprint‟ associated with delivering our work, as part of global efforts to counter climate change.

2. Beneficiary voices 2.1 Partner impact surveys (Annex 16/17): Working in partnership is at the core of our identity and our mission. We believe that we can increase the sustainability of our work by strengthening the capacity of local organisations. Our partner survey has asked partners what difference our support has made to them and to the communities they represent. We have received 23 partner surveys from across our 12 country programmes.

2.2 Community or People First Impact Tool (CFIT/ PFIT) (Annex 18/19/20/21): The C-FIT methodology is rooted in the core belief that community voices should be at the centre of impact assessment. This reflects our fundamental values of human dignity, community focus, integrity and partnership. C-FIT involves asking focus groups to discuss the question „what changes have you seen in the last x years?‟ Facilitators identify „domains‟ for the groups to discuss, such as „culture and tradition‟ or „gender relations‟. In 2009-10 C-FITs were completed in the Gambia and Kenya and the results of the C-FITs are outlined below.

2.3 Case Studies (Annex 22): A number of projects have gathered anecdotal evidence of impact through qualitative beneficiary interviews. A number of these have been copied in the annex.

3. Independent voices 3.1 Summary of external evaluations (Annex 24/25/26): All of Concern Universal‟s large, multi-year projects are evaluated externally by independent consultants. The evaluations are managed in-country. The main learning from a sample of evaluations is included in the report.

3.2 Long-Term Project Impact Reviews (ex-post) (Annex 27): An ex-post

evaluation of a project was conducted in Malawi in 2010. The UK-based Advocacy and Learning Manager worked closely with the Concern Universal country team to assess the long-term impact of a project in Malawi that finished 3 years ago. The team followed up on case stories, and asked whether, how and why the changes reported at the end of the project have endured. An outline of the ToR of the impact review has been copied below. The review it self will be completed by the end of 2010.

3.3 Collation of references regarding Concern Universal (September 2010) (Not annexed, available on request): 19 individuals from our key donors, NGO and business partners commented on our work in 2010.

What are we learning and how can we improve? This impact report will be used as a way of developing our understanding of where our programming is most successful and where we need to improve. Through the process of developing, disseminating and getting feedback on the report we are able to listen to our partners, beneficiaries, external stakeholders, and create a space for our own reflection. As an organisation we are committed to becoming more effective, both in enabling community-led development, and inspiring & influencing others. We would like to increase our accountability by strengthening community voices in the direction of our work; increase our cost-effectiveness by focusing our efforts where we can make the most difference; increase our environmental sustainability by ensuring that as much of our work as possible contributes positively to environmental sustainability and ensure that we do our part to reduce our negative environmental impacts; and increase the impact of our advocacy work by doing all we can to help amplify the voices of people struggling against poverty and inequality.

Challenges Solutions

Monitoring and evaluation data is not standardised and is sometimes difficult to compare/ analyse

Increase efforts to standardise the Country Programme Monitoring (CPM) sheet and make further efforts to improve verification.

Improve outcomes monitoring throughout the organisation

Develop and distribute a template ToR for external evaluations that will include Community First Impact Tools

Reduce the number of impact data „asks‟ from country programmes by increasing the utilisation of data through external evaluations and communications (ie case studies)

Difficulty in measuring success of advocacy work

Develop our advocacy monitoring and targets so that it is clearer to record success of our advocacy work and communicate this success

Put in place long-term advocacy plans that focus on power analysis and real change

Impact reporting could be used more effectively to support country programme level learning

Set up a Impact Report advisory group that will include UKO staff, CP staff and trustees

Challenges Solutions

Consider the implementation of bi-annual ex-

post impact studies across the organisation

Consider the use of periodical UK meeting of Country Directors (Policy and Advocacy Committee, PAC) to increase learning on impact assessment

Data is collected and published in a number of different formats and they often overlap

Redesign the web pages that include impact data

Ensure that the „Annual Report‟ (brochure), the Trustees report, and the Impact report all have a clear purpose and audience and do not overlap significantly

Partner, and stakeholder, voices do not generally come out through information published (online/ printed)

Encourage country programmes to further promote partner voices, through case study materials, partner visits and exchanges), study on partnerships and ensure this comes out in UK communications/ learning literature

Internal evaluation and impact monitoring capacity

Build up our internal evaluation capacity, with a strong community emphasis (moving away from expensive external evaluations)

Annexes - Contents CONCERN UNIVERSAL VOICES ................................................................................ 16

Annex 1: Vision, Mission, Values and Strategy 2009-2014 .................................... 16 Annex 2: Impact summary for Enabling Community Led Development (SO1) ....... 17 Annex 3: Impact summary for Influencing and Inspiring Others (SO2), UK ........... 19 Annex 4: Impact summary for Influencing and Inspiring Others (SO2), Country Programmes........................................................................................................... 22 Country Programme Impact Reports (summaries) ................................................. 23 Annex 5: Brazil Impact Report ............................................................................... 24 Annex 6: Gambia/ Senegal Impact Report ............................................................. 25 Annex 7: Guinea Impact Report ............................................................................. 27

Annex 8: Malawi Impact Report ............................................................................. 29

Annex 9: UK (Development Education) Impact Case Study .................................. 31

Project Outcome Reviews ...................................................................................... 32 Annex 10: Improved food security in Kenya ........................................................... 33

Annex 11: Improved health in Nigeria .................................................................... 36 Annex 12: Improved respect for rights in Latin America ......................................... 39

Annex 13: Improved skills (education) in Mozambique .......................................... 41 Annex 14: Reduced vulnerability to disasters in Malawi ......................................... 42 Annex 15: Environmental Impact (Carbon Footprint) ............................................. 45

BENEFICIARY VOICES ................................................................................................ 46 Annex 16: Partner surveys - results ....................................................................... 46

Annex 17: Partner surveys – analysis of results .................................................... 48 Community First Impact Tool (C-FITs) ................................................................... 52 Annex 18: Record of CFITs/ PFITS done 2009/10 ................................................. 53

Annex 19: Njawara community first impact exercise, Gambia ............................... 55

Annex 20: Emergency Preparedness and Response (EPR) project, Gambia ........ 56 Annex 21: Gambia is Good C-FIT .......................................................................... 59 Annex 22: Case Studies ......................................................................................... 61

Annex 23: Irish Aid Case Study Example for Annual DevCom meeting ................. 64 INDEPENDENT VOICES .............................................................................................. 65

Annex 24: External evaluations 2009/10 ................................................................ 66 Annex 25: Evaluation (Bangladesh) Prevention of Cross-Border Trafficking ......... 67 Annex 26: Evaluation (Kenya) Emergency Preparedness & Post Recovery .......... 70 Annex 27: Long term impact (ex-post impact assessment Malawi)........................ 73

TEMPLATE - ANNEXES ............................................................................................... 74

Annex 28: Impact Report 2010 TORs .................................................................... 74 Annex 29: Case Story template ............................................................................. 77

Annex 30: CP Impact Report template ................................................................... 80 Annex 31: Partner Survey ...................................................................................... 82 Annex 32: Concern Universal‟s partners ................................................................ 84

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CONCERN UNIVERSAL VOICES

Annex 1: Vision, Mission, Values and Strategy 2009-2014

Our Values

Human Dignity Community Focus

Integrity Partnership

Our vision is a world where justice, dignity and respect prevail for all. Our mission is to work in partnership to challenge poverty and inequality. We support practical actions that enable people to improve their lives and shape their own futures.

Strategic Objective 2: Inspiring & Influencing Others

We amplify the voices of people living in poverty, enabling them to advocate for a fairer and more environmentally sustainable world. Together, we aim to secure:

Changes to policy and practice to help overcome barriers to development and open up new opportunities; and

More and better investment in holistic community-led development approaches.

We do this in collaboration with others by: Promoting more effective action by development agencies, both official and non-governmental. Calling for more socially, environmentally and economically responsible business practice to achieve sustainable development. Building a stronger global movement to combat poverty and inequality – engaging individuals to build a fairer world together, through development education and activism.

Strategic Objective 1: Enabling Community-Led Development

We work together with people living in poverty to enable them to improve the quality of their lives. We do this through practical work with individuals, communities and partners in 12 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America, to:

Improve food security and support sustainable livelihoods - through agricultural development, nurturing natural resources, and enabling access to microfinance and markets.

Improve health - through access to safe water and sanitation, preventive healthcare, improved nutrition, and action on HIV and AIDS.

Improve respect for rights - through empowerment of women, children and other vulnerable groups.

Improve skills - through literacy circles, capacity building, and other training.

Reduce vulnerability - through disaster risk reduction, integrating emergency preparedness and response work with long-term development.

Action Learning

Factors influencing development prospects, addressed by all our work: Environment and climate change * Resource scarcity: food, water, land, fuel…* Global business and markets * Governance and corruption * Conflict and violence * HIV and AIDS * Population growth

Action Learning

Annex 2: Impact summary for Enabling Community Led Development (SO1) Total number of people enabled by Concern Universal to improve their lives and shape their own futures: 1,471,217 people

Impact Improved food security and sustainable livelihoods

Improved health

Improved respect for rights

Improved skills

Reduced vulnerability

161,815 people

996,365 people

255,371 people

41,129 people

68,355 people

Through… Agricultural development, nurturing natural resources, and enabling access to microfinance and markets.

Access to safe water & sanitation, preventive healthcare, improved nutrition, & action on HIV and AIDS.

Empowerment of women, children and other vulnerable groups.

Literacy circles, capacity building, and other training.

Disaster risk reduction, integrating emergency preparedness and response work with long-term development.

Outcomes 53,346 people with improved crop and livestock yields

509,806 people with access to safe water

111,365 women whose rights are more respected

3893 people now literate

60,424 people enabled to reduce their vulnerability to disaster risks

70,558 people no longer experiencing „hungry months‟

808,359 people with improved sanitation and hygiene

41,446 children whose rights are more respected

16,782 people with other new skills

2638 people enabled to rebuild their lives post-disaster

10,164 people that have established successful businesses

5745 HIV-positive people living positively

8,668 members of community groups able to demand their basic rights from duty bearers

15,709 members of community groups with stronger capacity

Outputs 35,221 people trained in new agricultural techniques

955 water points provided or rehabilitated

542,530 participants in training

5282 members of literacy circles

26,817 participants in DRR training

32,564kg of 750,957 9734 352 5104

horticultural produce sold

people trained on sanitation and hygiene

advocacy events

facilitators of literacy circles trained

recipients of emergency relief

903 hectares irrigated

202,676 people reached with HIV awareness work

39 service provision agreements signed with duty bearers

33,336 participants in other training

1494 recipients of reconstruction/ rehabilitation support

1,207,270 trees planted

235,148 people enabled to access healthcare

3914 children participating in educational & arts activities

48,036 microfinance clients

1155 HIV-positive people receiving care and support

Inputs £4,778,914 £2,915,213 £970,068 £483,668 £939,933

£10,087,796 total project expenditure in FY 2009/10 Carbon footprint: 1405 tonnes (Concern Universal direct only)

Annex 3: Impact summary for Influencing and Inspiring Others (SO2), UK Since this is a relatively new Strategic Objective (as from April 2009) much of our work in this area is in its early stages. Additionally, achieving impact in advocacy work is arguably a longer and less direct process than with much of our work in directly enabling community-led development. The summary below therefore contains more qualitative and less quantitative information than the „Enabling Community-Led Development‟ summary. UKO Impact Promoting more effective

action by development agencies, both official and non-governmental.

Calling for more socially, environmentally and economically responsible business practice to achieve sustainable development.

Building a stronger global movement to combat poverty and inequality

Through…

Advocacy, lobbying, research and impact assessment

Engagement with local, national and international businesses

development education and activism

Out-comes

IA - Improved impact information provides a better basis for both communications and decision-making.

High level engagement with two businesses (Body Shop and M&S)

175 people pledged to live more sustainably

IA - Increased organisational commitment to long term impact assessment.

Concern Universal only INGO to take part in the Business Call to Action roundtable at No.10, June 2009

Malvern College committed to support Community-led development

Unique Business Advocates for Development group emerging

Community-led development and active citizenship modules integrated into International Baccalaureate study plan at 2 colleges

£80k raised for new women‟s enterprise project in Ghana

20% increase in Associate Members (net 699 additional AMs – increase from 3473 to 4172).

Concern Universal facilitated the Beira Agricultural Growth

Increasing publicity through two panel discussions (involving 2

Corridor meeting with UK business, December 2009

Concern Universal Trustees) at the Hay Festival in May 09

6 individuals pledge to become more involved in the global movement - to raise awareness of Concern Universal‟s work and international development. (Specifics can be reported in next report)

One local business reduced water usage by 5.2% (against a target of 2%) as a result of the Water Matters project. 6 staff advocate for global issues. Students at Lord Scudamore school raised £750 for Concern Universal‟s work.

Outputs IA - Impact blog (Oct-Dec 09) developed

World Economic Forum on Africa (June 2009) Cape Town – Concern Universal contributed to two sessions

15,000 people reached with global development messages

IA - Impact Report (2009) published and put on website

500+ business people (international, UK and local) reached directly with Concern Universal‟s „Good Business‟ messages., Many more thro associations and mass media

200 young people involved in campaigning to increase water sustainability

R - Climate Frontline document published and launched in six countries http://www.guardian.co.uk/katine/katine-chronicles-blog/2009/nov/26/climate-change-african-farmers, http://www.climatefrontlineafrica.org/

Africa Progress Panel research conducted all year. Consultations with 20 business leaders. Report delivered Feb for dissemination in 2010-11.

6 individuals (teachers and Concern Universal staff) took part in a „development education experience trip‟ to The Gambia in April 2009. 6 individuals took part in the overseas trips to The Gambia in Feb 2010.

A - Collaboration with 25 development agencies through Partner Africa

New 2010-11 Strategy developed

700 children from two schools took part in water sustainability

http://www.guardian.co.uk/katine/katine-chronicles-blog/2009/nov/26/climate-change-african-farmers




http://www.climatefrontlineafrica.org/

http://www.climatefrontlineafrica.org/

workshops

A - Engagement with Bond‟s Effective Development Programme, including helping to kick-start the process of a multi-NGO Partner Survey

Hay Festival, May: business in Africa panel discussion with a celebrity chair

A - Meeting with Andrew Mitchell, Shadow Secretary of State for International Development in October 2009

Concern Universal Business leaders visit to Ghana in May and reunion in Oct.

A - Preparation of briefing / commentary on Conservative Green Paper on International Development.

British Council event for business leaders in Ghana

H&W Chamber of Commerce dinner May – keynote speech

Richard Harvey meeting with Gambian business leaders, Dec

Africa Emerging Markets Forum (Sept) Cape Town; addressed all delegates

Annex 4: Impact summary for Influencing and Inspiring Others (SO2), Country Programmes Bangladesh: Continuation of campaign to increase disaster resilience of WATSAN infrastructure Brazil: Community committees able to advocate for improved healthcare; Project level blogs set up: http://www.claimbrasil.blogspot.com/, http://www.projetoaid.blogspot.com/ Colombia: Communication and exchange of information with Germany, diocese of Aachen, schools and groups. Volunteers doing year of Social Service for peace and reconciliation in Ibagué; Television programme on Human Rights and advocacy http://www.proyectosycomunicaciones.com/index.php/programas/informativos/derechos-humanos; Community members and Government staff to come to agreements about essential rights and services. Government staff recognize that these are the only opportunities for real citizen political participation; The election to the Municipal Council of Ibagué of three representatives of the young people‟s associations, all formed and trained by Concern Universal and local partner; Women beneficiaries took part in preparation of the departmental public policy for Women and Gender of Tolima, approved by departmental Assembly 30 December 2009; Young people beneficiaries in Ibagué took part in the preparation of municipal public policy for Young people all 2009; 47 initiatives of political and legal advocacy have been worked on by beneficiaries from 15 communities in Tolima, Colombia, all demanding the right to health, education, water and sanitation Gambia: Commitment to using CFIT regularly; Participation in Alternative Energy Forum; Working with Gambian government at COP15 (Copenhagen); Climate Change awareness radio show; Translation of SPHERE training materials in to local Jola language Kenya: Social Clan mapping, now used as a tool for co-operation between government and local leaders, NE Kenya Malawi: 16 Days of activism campaign; Energy saving initiatives (solar power/ stoves) through the Msamala Sustainable Energy Project; Participation in World Wide Views on Global Warming and supporting 17 delegates to attend the event Mozambique: Partnership with Centre for Social Accountability (South Africa) to support local government monitoring initiative Nigeria: Increasing local government involvement in WASH; Awareness raising on women‟s rights to local government Africa Regional: Development of C-FIT guidelines in collaboration with Partner Africa NGOs

http://www.claimbrasil.blogspot.com/

http://www.projetoaid.blogspot.com/

http://www.proyectosycomunicaciones.com/index.php/programas/informativos/derechos-humanos

http://www.proyectosycomunicaciones.com/index.php/programas/informativos/derechos-humanos

Country Programme Impact Reports (summaries) Country Programmes have been asked to report on their country level impact over the 2009-10 financial year. The information has been collected through the monthly bulletin and collates data on short and long term programme impacts. Country Programmes were given the freedom to select their own methodologies and used a variety of quantitative and qualitative tools, such as C-FITs, logframe analysis, beneficiary interviews and surveys. Information from four countries (Mozambique, Brazil, Gambia/ Senegal and Guinea) is summarized below. The case story and CP impact report template are in Annexes 2 and 3.

Annex 5: Brazil Impact Report Concern Universal Brazil contributes to the reduction of poverty in Brazil through the promotion of children‟s and women‟s rights in the state of Paraíba, northeast Brazil. Concern Universal works with four local partners who focus on promoting and defending child rights and livelihoods. One of the key, and most long standing partnerships, is with Casa Pequeno Davi (CPD), a non-governmental organisation in João Pessoa working with disadvantaged children. In August 2010 the CPD co-ordinator and the Concern Universal Country Director led a rapid appraisal exercise to assess the impact of the work that Concern Universal has supported between 1998 and 2008. Their research found that between 2002-2008:

the rate of child labour amongst CPD children reduced from 70% to 14%;

the rate of violence in the home against CPD children fell from 90% to 22%;

the rate of CPD children repeating primary school years fell from 73% to 49%;

CPD had increased it‟s influence within the local community. This is due to the fact that in 2009 advocacy actions, supported by CPD, led to an improvement in local health services benefitting 4,000 people

Concern Universal‟s support to CPD has increased the capacity and sustainability of the organisation to provide services and carry out community based advocacy. CPD now has excellent facilities, secure and safe for working with children, appropriate transport, well trained staff, strong administrative systems, and a clear mission and strategy. CPD also has a strong reputation in the state for its work in education, combating child labour and violence against children. Due to its institutional strength CPD has sustained and increased the numbers of direct beneficiaries reached annually to 350 to 400 children and their families. CPD has also increased its ability to advocate with and on behalf of disadvantaged children in the state. CPD has worked in collaboration with UNICEF to improve the rights of children and participated on rights councils and other decision-making structures.

Annex 6: Gambia/ Senegal Impact Report Since 2003 Concern Universal has worked with local partners to support refugee communities from the Casamance region of Senegal both in the Western Region of The Gambia and across the border in their home communities in Senegal. In 2010 Concern Universal carried out a qualitative assessment of developments in the cross border communities, taken from project reports and interviews with partners and project managers. The results highlighted where Concern Universal and partners have made a difference. Peace-building - Concern Universal has increased understanding between refugees from the conflict-affected Casamance region of Senegal and host communities in The Gambia, and also between communities of the Casamance region and the rebel fighters through community-based cultural and peace-building events. The events are aimed at engendering a sense of unity and to explore the negative effects of war on society. The peace-building events have led to:

Communities becoming more accepting of each others‟ needs

An increase in confidence and ability to talk freely amongst other ethnic groups

A increase in safe movement from village to village

Increased level of participation of rebel groups in community building Food Security - Communities in the Western Region have changed the way they approach problems and have engaged with a more business approach to food security. For example, in the community of Faas Chamen seed storage had become a problem, with seed stores being vulnerable to theft, infestation and fire. The availability of seeds for farmers and production had become extremely low and standard of living had dropped. The introduction of a community-owned and maintained food store using a commercial approach has provided a long term solution. Farmers pay for the services of the community store, and the proceeds are kept in a savings account, which is owned and managed by the community. The profit is used to maintain and expand services, according to need. Capacity Development (partners) – Concern Universal has played an important role in building the capacity of non governmental organisations in the region. This work has led to:

Local organisations have improved their ability to carry out services;

Partners are now able to seek substantial funding of their own, using the proposal writing skills that they have learned from Concern Universal

The partnership approach of Concern Universal has led to improved networking amongst local organisations. Non governmental organisations in the Western Region are reaching out and finding synergies with each other, so that there is less duplication of effort.

Improvements in social services - Health and education services have improved in Concern Universal targeted areas. For example, the building of a community health centre has increased access to health services and improved quality of life, reducing

journey time and cost for many in the farming community who before, had needed to travel long distances for basic health care. Disaster Risk Reduction – Concern Universal is recognised as the leading NGO on matters of climate change and disaster risk reduction (DRR) in The Gambia. Concern Universal‟s work has resulted in:

In the Western Region farmers have implemented contingency measures so that they are able to prepare for and respond to emergencies.

Community Disaster Management Committees have been put in place to coordinate disaster response.

Sexual and Reproductive Health and Gender (SRH) - SRH training and awareness raising has led to:

Increased awareness of how STIs can be transmitted, including increased knowledge of human anatomy and how transmission routes

Sensitisation of communities to the particular vulnerability of women to STIs

There is still a lot of stigma attached to those living with HIV, but increasing awareness is helping to reduce this.

Annex 7: Guinea Impact Report Concern Universal Guinea commissioned an assessment to look at the long term impacts of the project „Encouraging Institutions of the Poor to Strive for Improvements in their Sustainable Livelihoods‟ (EIPSISL) implemented between 2003 and 2008. As one of the longest-running projects by Concern Universal Guinea it was felt that looking at some of the impacts of the project could provide interesting highlights as well as open the opportunity for future lesson learning. The assessment was carried out by project partner OCPH Kankan, who was Concern Universal‟s implementing partner for the project. The assessment was undertaken over a two-day period in Kankan Prefecture, one of the project‟s three locations. Interviews were held with three beneficiary women‟s market gardening groups, consisting of a total of 187 members (19 of whom are men). It must be said that this assessment provides only a small „snapshot‟ of the project‟s long term impacts. The assessment investigated whether there had been any long term impact on household food security and income (the project goal) within the target communities. The assessment found:

All groups have continued with market gardening activities and use improved gardening techniques, thus increasing food security. Members are also capable of describing or demonstrating the techniques. Two of the groups held regular meetings (sensitisation campaigns for group members, planning, cleaning the fields and installing the plant nurseries) prior to commencing market gardening.

Groups are continuing to use the wells that were built in their gardens. However, one group had insufficient water supply for up to four months per year and another group for one month every year (during the dry season) due to the wells drying up.

All three groups continue to use improved rainy season techniques for rice and maize cultivation, for food that is generally harvested for household consumption.

Two of the three groups continue with the improved marketing strategies to sell their produce. The third group stated that they produce mostly for their household consumption, so they have not actively continued with marketing.

All groups have greatly increased their productivity, measured in the amount of produce harvested at the end of each season. This has led to a reduction in the lean season where food availability is lowest.

Group members reported increases in household income of between one-fifth and a half, based on incomes received during the duration of the project. Groups also received higher market prices for their goods of between a fifth and a quarter from the prices received during the duration of the project.

With the profits from the group funds, one group purchased a second multi-functional platform (used to grind or de-husk produce as part of food processing). The platform assists the group members in reducing time spent on preparing and processing food, and also allows them to generate increased income by processing food (e.g. groundnuts into paste).

One group established a „tontine‟ (savings club) to help equip community members with furniture and metal sheets for their homes.

Annex 8: Malawi Impact Report „Irish Aid has found Concern Universal to be a very competent and reliable partner with a capacity to implement efficient programmes that deliver tangible results for poor people. The Concern Universal team are highly qualified professionals that base their decision making on scientific evidence and have the capacity to transmit these messages in simple language to the people they work with in the villages.‟ – IA Rep. Malawi

„Concern Universal has vast experience in farmers‟ mobilization and capacity building. CU is therefore a very good partner for CIP to work with for the benefit of farmers‟ - Dr. Paul Demo, International Potato Centre, Lilongwe

The Malawi country programme is currently drafting a country specific impact report. A final version of this report will be distributed before the end of 2010. The draft report highlighted some of the key impacts of the Malawi programme, including: HIV programme: steady increase in the number of men going for voluntary testing; proportionately it is now at 30%. HIV programme: communities have formed support groups for PLHIV. At the meetings real life testimonies are shared, which is a catalyst for reducing stigma and discrimination HIV programme: Concern Universal has contributed to the national impact mitigation strategy, by providing support to 7,000 OVC (68% girls) in the form of early childhood development and psychosocial support through community based child care centres (CBCCC). Environmental management: Concern Universal is recognised by authorities in Dedza and Ntcheu districts and at national level as the catalyst of environmental management capacity building at local government level Environmental management: Concern Universal is supporting both Dedza and Ntcheu district authorities to produce an EOR (Environmental Outlook Report). Food security: By end of programme 77% of targeted households in in TA Masasa, Ntcheu district had improved crop and livestock diversity leading to greater household resilience to droughts, floods and attacks by pests and diseases Food security: Msamala Sustainable Energy Project Achievements in two years: Demand-side energy management: 6,700 energy-saving stoves being used by households. 50% CO2 reduction and 2/3 less firewood consumed; RET (Renewable Energy Technology): 8,500 pupils and 36 teachers benefit from PV systems in 11 schools

WASH programme: In 2009 (five years later) an ex-post functional sustainability study was undertaken in collaboration with Engineers Without Borders to determine the level of impact. The findings confirm that most water points installed continue to function providing potable water. The vast majority of water points installed have experienced no breakdowns and 68% of the water point committees established continue to collect funds regularly for village level operation and maintenance. Micro-finance: At least 47% of first-time loans went to agricultural related activities (Social Impact Assessment, 2009). At the same time 80% of clients are very satisfied with the loans received. When it comes to providing micro-insurance almost 94% of clients are highly satisfied (Client Satisfaction Survey, 2007). One third of loan recipients use the capital to establish new businesses, while two-thirds used the additional money to invest in existing enterprises. Although the majority of loan beneficiaries employed family members, as much as 20% hired non-family members on a part-time basis. Almost 60% of clients are young adults (18-35) supporting families and children.

http://www.ewb.ca/en/index.html

Annex 9: UK (Development Education) Impact Case Study „As a long term advocate of the concept of global citizenship I have been involved previously with other charities in the tertiary sector. What attracted me specifically to Concern Universal was their emphasis on tackling poverty and inequality in the context of a changing global climate, an area in which I personally have done a lot of work. Further to this the charity keeps low overheads and thus most of the funds raised go towards the work on the ground, surely a key aim of any charitable body! On this basis I was keen to be involved in seeing the work of Concern Universal first hand and so when the opportunity arose to visit the Gambia I jumped at the chance. The trip itself was inspirational for many reasons. The warmth of the Gambian people but also the extent to which Concern Universal was making a real difference to the lives of local people; by working in partnership with local NGO‟s a positive influence is being felt in local schools, local farms, local markets and local governance. In returning to the UK I was more keen than ever to illustrate the work of Concern Universal to anyone who‟d listen! In collaboration with Concern Universal we organised a visit to my school with Nanpet Chuktu, a guest speak from Concern Universal Nigeria, who inspired a host of fundraising activities, from a cake sale, to a sevens rugby tournament. A group of VI Formers even took it upon themselves to independently organise a 3 peaks challenge event to raise funds for the Concern Universal after Nanpet‟s visit. It is hugely beneficial for our school to have international visitors coming in, bringing a wider perspective to their learning and challenging them to get involved in being the difference.‟ Rich Lilley, Birmingham, Queen Mary‟s Grammar School, biology teacher

Project Outcome Reviews Concern Universal‟s work is delivered through specific projects that work towards achieving Strategic Objective One through five main thematic areas (livelihoods, health, respect for rights, skills-education and reducing vulnerability). Most of our projects run over several years and benefit thousands of people. Below we have provided a short project summary of five projects that came to an end during 2009/10. These project were selected to provide an overview of the wide ranging impact of Concern Universal‟s projects. Information about the outcomes of the projects has been taken from project reports and, where available, external evaluations.

Annex 10: Improved food security in Kenya Project title: Integrated Community Based Poverty Reduction Intervention Objective: To improve the quality of life by enhancing development capacities of communities in Ijara and Garissa to meet their basic needs Outcomes: 103,768 people in Garissa and Ijara districts have benefitted from this project. By the end of the project more than 95% of the planned benefits had been delivered and acknowledged by the beneficiaries Project Total Cost: £424,167 Project Dates: 1st January 2006-31st September 2009 Local partners: WomanKind Kenya (WOKIKE) Project Location: Garissa and Ijara Districts of North Eastern Province, Kenya Donors: European Community Project Overview Goal Results

Increased access to sustainable safe water supplies

Gabaya I & II Sub Surface dams were constructed in Sangaillu division in Ijara District. The sub-surface dams serve 7,500 people and 5,266 livestock Project monitoring verified improved water levels for the community 54 people (51 men and 3 women) representing 11 water user associations were trained in the management of the water points

Enhanced household food security

692 households from 10 community farms in Garissa, Fafi and Ijara Districts received a variety of seeds and seedlings 8 farmers (2 women, 6 men) representing 6 community farms were trained on dairy farming and bee keeping by farmers from Kajiado & Machakos Districts and by the Lenana Bee Keeping Station 8 Sahiwal cows were purchased and distributed to 6 community farms, management from the farms met with WOKIKE and committed to communally owning and taking care of the livestock; sharing the milk amongst members, selling surplus milk and depositing the money in their bank accounts; 37 Langstroth beehives and 1 honey extractor were purchased and distributed to 10 community farms in Garissa and Fafi District. The farmers agreed a plan to share the honey extractor and set up apiaries with the assistance of the beekeeping officer under the Ministry of Livestock Development. Hidaya Group Farm, one of the 10 farms supported under this project, was selected as the location for the celebration of the World Food Day in North Eastern Province – an important recognition of achievements

Strengthened organisational and community capacity to manage and sustain equitable development

30 Traditional Elders from Munyaya and Waliwana communities (12 women, 18 men) were trained on conflict resolution and peace building. The elders nominated a peace committee representing 3 communities, to facilitate peace discussion and address conflict issues in their communities. The Elders came up with a strategy to

reduce conflict and encourage good neighbourliness based on customary Clan and Sub-clan systems. 60 people (26 women and 34 men) were trained on gender and Rights Based Approaches in Garissa and Ijara Districts 30 youth from Ijara and Garissa Districts were trained on leadership, human rights, gender and FGM (Female Genital Mutilation). 30 people representing community peace committee members were trained on peace building and gender roles in the Somali community in Ijara District.

Increased community prevention and mitigation of targeted diseases particularly water borne diseases and HIV/AIDS and malaria.

10 VIP latrines and two bathrooms were constructed at five water pans and community sensitization was carried out at the respective villages on the uses of designated facilities. The facilities are in use and community members appreciate access to them, the facilities will greatly improve hygiene and sanitation in the villages and assist in the reduction of the outbreak and spread of disease World Malaria Day on 25 April 2009: This day was commemorated in Ijara and Garissa district, the theme was; “Counting Malaria Out, Towards Malaria Free Kenya”. 600 Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets (ITNs) and 600 T-Shirts with Malaria prevention were distributed in both districts. The community was encouraged and trained on usage of mosquito net and to keep the environment clean. District health officials tested 285 of those present for malaria using the rapid diagnosis test, 36 were found positive and treated. After the ceremony, football matches were organised by the youth to further raise awareness on Malaria. 60 women from Ijara and Garissa Districts were trained on health and nutrition. The women were trained on various diseases (malaria, anaemia, bilharzia, typhoid, HIV-AIDS transmission, prevention, care for People Living with HIV and the importance of nutrition for infected pregnant women); balanced diet and its importance; malnutrition signs and preventative measures, FGM origin, types and its effects on women and girls and importance and how to breastfeed. The women pledged to share the information received at the training with other women in the villages. They also requested for more women targeted training as they felt that it was a safe environment for them to learn and share. Women in Ijara reported they were including fruit and vegetables in family diet. The women trained in Garissa reported that they would advocate for elimination of FGM since they now understood its effects. World Environment Day on 6th June 2009: the community was sensitised on the importance of environmental preservation. Over 500 seedlings of indigenous trees and fruits were distributed to schools, government offices and to communities with water pans. 60 youth (22 female, 38 male) from Garissa and Ijara were trained on HIV-AIDS. The youth received accurate information on HIV-AIDS; transmission; prevention; vulnerability etc. The youth appreciated the workshop and follow up support and are demonstrating that they understand the messages and are willing to discuss the issues with their peers. Football clubs in Garissa district involved in the training organised a

tournament in order to use the sporting occasion to share information provided at the training to other youth and community members. The football clubs are involved in raising awareness on FGM and its effects, the importance of volunteerism for the youth so as to attain experience required for employment, encouraging youth to pursue higher education etc 20 Imams (Religious leaders) were trained on HIV so as to work as ambassadors and change agents within the community. Religious leaders have taken the initiative to spread accurate information during Friday prayers at mosques as well as sensitisation of other religious leaders. During the final evaluation visit, the Imams shared practical ways they had engaged with and assisted PLWHIV in the community. 30 youth (12 female, 18 male), representatives from various communities in Garissa were trained as Community Owned Resource Persons (CORPS) on human rights and child rights. They are now positively viewed locally and used as reference points by community members and local self help groups. 30 female members of youth groups, committed to assisting community health, were trained. The training defined role and responsibilities of CHWS. A discussion on challenges they face in the field e.g. walking long distances, security issues for women Training Community Health Workers (CHW‟s), lack of recognition of their skill by some community members; transmission, prevention, Home Based care for PLWHIV, services available; FGM - types of FGM, reasons why its highly practiced in the Somali community, effects of FGM, Islamic perspective on FGM etc. The CHWs requested for equipment to assist them in their work along with regular refresher trainings. During an evaluation visit, the trained community health workers reported they had shared the information with the community and had organised an awareness day for their respective villages. 30 Youth from Garissa district were trained on hygiene and sanitation with assistance from the Ministry of Public Health & Sanitation. They were sensitised on personal hygiene and water point maintenance, environmental hygiene, food hygiene, food contamination cycle, waste disposal and water treatment processes. The youth appreciated the training and advised that it would be important to have the information packaged in a youth friendly manner so that they could also share it and positively impact the community to avert poor unhygienic conditions that cause disease outbreak.

Annex 11: Improved health in Nigeria Project title: Integrated Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project Cross River and Ebonyi States Objectives: Improvement in health of the rural population through reduction of water-borne and environmentally communicable diseases in 4 Local Government Areas (LGAs) within Ebonyi and Cross River States of Nigeria. Outcomes: The project has improved access to safe drinking water sources for 134,400 people in 80 remote villages by constructing and rehabilitating boreholes. The project has also improved hygiene and sanitation practices amongst the target population. Women and children have benefited significantly through a reduction in the number of hours spent fetching water. A single trip to collect water has been reduced from 70 to five minutes. Project Total Cost: £334,721.00 Project Dates: 4th July 2006 to 3rd October 2009 Local partners: RUCODEV (Formerly GRADO) Project Location: This project is implemented in Yala & Obubra Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Cross River State and Izzi & Ikwo Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Ebonyi State in Nigeria. Donors: European Community Project overview

Goal Results

Water Point Construction and Rehabilitation

A baseline survey (Needs Assessment) was conducted in all of the communities, mapping the water points to provide a comprehensive data base to the Local Government Authorities. A total of 39 new boreholes have been drilled in 25 communities with low access to safe drinking water in 4 LGAs. These 39 water points serve a total of 40,000 persons providing year-round access to water. Hand pumps were installed by the project staff in partnership with the community WASHCOM members. These boreholes are all currently functioning and being used by members of the communities; in some cases the sole source of safe drinking water, thus reducing the risk of drinking contaminated water and prevalence of water borne diseases. 56 broken down boreholes were identified and reinstalled by the project staff in partnership with the community WASHCOM members as practical training for the community-based water management and maintenance committee to serve an estimated population of about 89,600 persons with low access to safe drinking water. These boreholes are being maintained by the WASHCOM members in most (85%) of the communities

The project team implemented the construction and protection of 16 demonstration roof water catchments. These were mainly given to communities with large populations and limited number of water points. All communities have improved access to safe sources of drinking water according to internal and external reviews. However, while Concern Universal and partners appear ready to provide water points for more communities, however 6 communities dropped out of the project due to their inability to contribute 5% of the total cost towards water point construction. The mandatory contribution is justified as this is one point that shows community members sense of ownership of water points.

Community-based Environmental Health Education and Sanitation Promotion

80 demonstration SanPlat latrines were constructed in the first two years of the project. After which this activity was changed because the approach was found not to be sustainable. Concern Universal and partners shifted towards Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS); a more behavioural approach to address the issues of hygiene and sanitation in the communities. There have been community driven solutions to sanitation and water point maintenance, including Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and training on various ways to raise money locally to enable the WASHCOM to maintain the water points. Village-based health talks on environmental sanitation and hygiene promotion (incorporating band and drama group training) to formulate an action plan to be taken forward by the WASHCOMs. The majority of the plans were centred on eliminating open defecation and promoting the construction and use of pit latrines using locally available materials. Ndiakparata Igbeagu and Otam community has achieved defecation free status as a result of the construction of latrines in each household or within 2 minutes walking distance. 850 dustbins in 85 communities were distributed for community refuse, these dustbins were located strategically and were being used by the community members for dumping refuse WASHCOM members in the project communities have been trained on how to monitor; sensitise and encourage the community members to change their sanitation and hygiene practices to minimize the chances of contacting guinea worm

Improved community-level management of water and sanitation facilities

A participatory needs assessment was conducted and served as the benchmark information for project monitoring and evaluation Key findings of the Needs assessment are now shared with other stakeholders during quarterly review meetings and coordination meetings that the Cross River State Rural Development Agency chairs. In Ebonyi State, the State Agency for water and sanitation receives regular reports from Concern Universal‟s partner (SUFON) on progress made in communities to update the state database, due to rational that SUFON is a key stakeholder in the State‟s task group on Water and Sanitation. 1020 Water Sanitation and Hygiene Committees (WASHCOM) members from 85 communities were trained. The WASHCOM

members have become a formidable force behind community sanitation and maintenance of water points. The project mainstreamed gender, conflict resolution and the organisational development during the WASHCOM trainings. These committees have been equipped with the necessary tools and initial stock of hand pump spare parts to enable them to carry out repairs on their boreholes. The WASHCOM member in most of these communities have been responsibly maintaining the water points, although major breakdowns often take longer to repair

Annex 12: Improved respect for rights in Latin America Project title: Community Led Advocacy Initiatives, Latin America (CLAIM) Objectives: Vulnerable communities are empowered to influence government duty bearers and shape government policy and practice to benefit the well-being and development of their community and Project lessons are utilised to inform other initiatives that seek to promote the respect for Human Rights, both within and outside Latin America Outcomes: 3 separate local advocacy initiatives were carried out in 15 communities in Brazil and Colombia; publication of procedures, results and lessons were circulated to 80 civil society rights organisations, 44 government bodies, 28 media actors and other rights actors within and outside of Latin America. Project Total Cost: Project Dates: 01/01/07 to 31/01/10 Project Location: Brazil and Colombia Local partners: Social Pastoral (Colombia), Casa Pequeno Davi-CPD,

Pastoral do Menor-PaMen, and Associação Comunitária

Nova Vida-ACNV, all from Brazil.

CLAIM has made, and will continue to make, a positive difference to the lives of people from 20 targeted communities in Brazil and Colombia. Over 51,000 have benefited directly to date through improved access to and better quality of essential public services, especially services that benefit the community as a whole – potable water, basic sanitation, health and education. It is estimated that a further 184,000 people from these communities and the municipalities where they are located will benefit over the medium to longer term from the already improved services and/or from other advocacy initiatives that are ongoing at this time. The project has led to the improvement of local public services through 40 community based initiatives for 51,000 children, youth and adults from 18 communities. Over 184,000 from these communities and the municipalities where they are located are expected to benefit over the longer term from these already improved services and a further 19 initiatives that are ongoing at this time. The improvements include a number of initiatives in the health and education sectors. For example, two local communities now have access to health care as a result of new health posts being constructed. As well as the new health centres, a further eight health clinics/posts are functioning better because of improved infrastructure, more medicines available, and gynaecological attendance. Local advocacy initiatives have improved education services in 46 schools (e.g. improvement of infrastructure, provision of transport services, and qualified teachers contracted. Improvements have also been made to basic water and sanitation services. Toilets and pipes were fixed in three schools; rivers cleaned and rubbish collected in

two communities; and a further eight schools and one hamlet provided with safe drinking water. The project also worked to increase dialogue between community groups and local government. This led to important tangible outcomes for people in Colombia. For example, government staff that participated in workshops provided „registration services‟ in six communities, enabling many people that legally didn‟t „exist‟ to receive birth certificates and identity cards ensuring their „citizenship‟ and previously negated possibilities such as attending school, availing of health services or opening bank accounts.

Annex 13: Improved skills (education) in Mozambique Project title: HIV/AIDS Programme in East & Southern Africa Objectives: To reduce the incidence of HIV infection and to mitigate its social and economic effects. To empower communities to adopt safer sexual behaviour, improve their livelihood and opportunities through education. Outcomes: This project has led to higher knowledge of reproductive health rights; improved linkages between community groups and government; improved community livelihoods & standards of living; increased partner effectiveness & efficiency in project implementation & management; strengthened development and stakeholder networks and coordination mechanisms; and increased knowledge of community needs & dynamics as a basis for improved understanding, learning & further engagement in the influencing of policies at national & local government. Project Total Cost: €724,410 Project Dates: 09/11/2006 to 08/11/2009 Project Location: Kenya and Mozambique Donors: Irish Aid Project overview This HIV and education programme was implemented in Niassa Province, Northern Mozambique and Garissa and Ijara Districts, North-Eastern Kenya through two local partners, CCM (Christian Council of Mozambique) in Mozambique and WOKIKE (WomanKind Kenya) in Kenya. Although primarily an HIV/AIDS project the emphasis in Mozambique was on improving health through education and empowerment. The project worked with 2342 people in 54 communities in Mozambique to develop adult literacy circles. The literacy circles provided a space for discussion of issues, including HIV and AIDS. The project has mobilised 54 local communities around adult literacy, strengthening local networks and enhancing the ability of communities to direct their own development. Through development of adult literacy circles, the project reduced levels of illiteracy rates among communities, especially women. The women who were trained in the programme Literacy Circles are now primary providers of information and learning for their communities.

Annex 14: Reduced vulnerability to disasters in Malawi Project Title: Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihoods Improvement (interim prog.) Objective: to reduce vulnerability to disaster risk reduction, through improved food security, microfinance, and nutrition Outcomes: Evidence of improved disaster preparedness and management; increased preparedness of communities to the effects of shocks; improved nutrition status of communities; reduced malnutrition levels of under-five children; improved quality of life for people living with HIV; reduction in HIV and AIDS incidence rates; increased health seeking behaviours; improved crop production and income; improved income and livelihoods through on- and off-farm businesses; and improved quality of response to poverty and vulnerability Project Total Cost: £1,152,529.04 Project Dates: April 2008-April 2009 Local partners: Local Governments and community based organisations Project Location: Malawi Donors: Irish Aid Project Overview Goal Results

Improved Disaster Preparedness and Management

District Risk Management plans now in place and included in the District Development Plans. Extensive capacity building of Civil Protection Committees (CPC) and the establishment of early warning systems means that communities are now able to prepare for and respond to disasters while also now having the management skills and confidence in place to implement and coordinate such activities. The planting of 2.1 million tree seedlings have prevented flooding

Increased preparedness of communities to the effects of shocks

The communities were able to react effectively and efficiently to a potentially devastating outbreak of armyworms. District Assemblies were able to respond with food interventions to mitigate the impact of crop losses experienced by farmers in late 2008 and early 2009.

Improved nutrition status of communities

Iodine deficiency has been reduced. Mortality rates have reduced from 19.4% to 9.8% Crop diversification/increased cropping resulted in more nutritious food available.

Reduce malnutrition levels of under-five children

Local capacity has been built to screen and refer malnourished children to the appropriate service providers. The cured rates for malnourished children in outpatient care and within rehabilitation units have reached 80% and 90%, respectively.

Targeted nutrition support is now more effective resulting in better service provision and response times. CTC has been rolled out in Dedza and Chiradzulu districts and preparation was ongoing in Ntcheu Districtat the time of writing this report.

Improve quality of life for people living with HIV and AIDS

Support services and resource centres available to provide advice and support to PLHIV when required. Community forums and awareness raising has reduced the stigma and discrimination endured by PLHIV. Income generating activities increase access to money, food and medicines.

Reduction in HIV incidence rates

Male and female condom availability and usage increased contributing to a projected reduction in the transmission of HIV. Improved communications and trust between youths and health workers allows for more honest discussions and requests for support regarding HIV & AIDS and STIs. Behavioural and attitude changes demonstrate that youths and PLWHA are less likely to engage in risky behaviour.

Increase health seeking behaviours

Due to increased local capacity, awareness and infrastructure, individuals are better positioned to seek and access medical advice and support. Having support groups and advisors, e.g. traditional birth attendants within communities‟, provides accessible outlets for vulnerable people to openly discuss their health problems or concerns in a non-judgemental environment. People are now aware of their rights, who to avail them from and who to hold accountable when there is a break-down in the provision of those rights and services.

Improve crop production and income

The distribution and replication of summer and winter seed varieties has diversified the types of crops being grown and hectares cultivated. Enhanced and expanded irrigation systems enable farmers to increase crop production (for sale and consumption) whilst also reducing labour hours and other opportunity costs; 595 households are accessing 72 hectares of irrigated land. Effective and targeted capacity building has reduced crop losses, improved post harvest handling and increased storage facilities which contribute to enhanced food security.

Improve income and livelihoods through on- and off-farm businesses

Value chain development has increased and strengthened market linkages. Increased agricultural output and storage facilities enable farmers to better respond the demands of the market. The provision of diversified livestock and bee keeping will reduce peoples‟ reliance on crops and also spread the risk of failure. The establishment of farmer market associations has strengthened their bargaining positions and reduced

transaction costs. Expansion of rural financial services from 26,807 to 34,815 clients.

Improve quality of response to poverty and vulnerability

Communities have the capacity to increase agricultural production and household income. More effective health and referral services can be accessed within communities. Environmental degradation has been reduced. Awareness of HIV and AIDS, gender disparities and inequalities have been brought into the open and acknowledged. Government and community capacity has been built in all areas of the programme‟s activities which will ensure sustainability and long-term improvement in the living standards of the target beneficiaries particularly the chronically ill, malnourished children, PLWHA, small holder farmers and the youth.

Annex 15: Environmental Impact (Carbon Footprint)

Source Quantity Carbon Cost - tonnes CO2e

Air travel 1,207,014 Km 202

Road travel 1,038,394 Km 677

Electricity 117,842 kWh 73

Paper and Printing 2819 reams 30

Drilling Rig and Generators

148,870 423

Total 1405

The figures above show that there has been a slight increase from 2008/09 (1382 tonnes) and we have not reached the intended target of a 10% decrease over one year. However, there was also an increase in programme expenditure so this is not surprising. Even though we have not hit the target we set for ourselves in 2009 there are many other positive environmental stories to tell, such as the development of carbon offsetting relationships in Malawi, and these will be outlined in future impact reports. Whilst it is important for the organisation to consider how to decrease the levels of CO2 emitted, and it is important to monitor the overall level of emissions, no matter how crude, it will also be important for the UKO and country programmes to assess the constructive ways we are contributing to a reduction in emissions over the year, both through our direct but also importantly indirect emissions (ie the impact of programming choices such as promoting mangrove conservation). By doing this, we will not penalise growth per se (ie reducing flights at the same time as trying to provide more UKO support to CPs, or ensure more partners visit the UK) but encourage creative and innovative thinking on carbon emission reductions.

BENEFICIARY VOICES

Annex 16: Partner surveys - results Q3: What are the most positive aspects of your partnership with CU? Responses were varied, but largely focused on the following:

1. Capacity building, i.e. CU's commitment to the improvement of the skills and competencies of the partners (15 out of 23).

2. Financial resources (10 out of 23) 3. Information sharing and open lines of communication (9 out of 23) 4. Positive relationships based on trust, equality, collaboration, emotional support, respect,

and freedom to implement partners ideas (12 out of 23) 5. Technical support (4 out of 23) 6. Improved credibility of partners, wider networking and acceptance from donors (4 out of

23) Q4: What areas of your partnership with CU could be improved? Responses were varied, but largely focused on the following:

1. Capacity Building, including training, on advocacy proposal writing, project implementation, monitoring and evaluation sills (16 out of 23)

2. Technical support (transport, staffing and office equipment) and increased budget (6 out of 23)

3. Improved communication (5 out of 23) 4. Improved efficiency of funding (3 out of 23) 5. Long term commitments and support (3 out of 23) 6. Exchange visits (2 out of 23)

Q5: How does your partnership with CU compare with your other partnerships? Responses were very wide ranging, and partners appear to have understood the question in different ways. Therefore it was difficult to pull out any trends. Generally it appears that partners feel that CU is similar to its other partners in its commitment to the beneficiaries, the fact that CU has procedures and deadlines and CU provides work equipment and funding. The differences cited between CU and other partners were even more diverse, making it very difficult to analyse. However, the one notable theme in the responses was that CU has closer (and better) monitoring and evaluation systems, and requires more regular reporting (7 out of 20 partners). Q6: Over the past three years how has your organization changed? 22 partners answered this question

91% of partners stated that their staff capacity has increased (45 percent said it had increased a lot).

86% of partners stated that the quality of their governance has increased (59 percent said that it had increased a lot).

95% of partners stated that the scale of their work has increased (54 percent said that it had increased a lot)

100% of partners stated that the quality of their work has increased (64 percent said that it had increased a lot).

Q7: What are the main factors behind these changes? Main factors behind positive changes:

1. Motivated and qualified staff, improved capacity of staff and training (9 out of 22 partners). NB it was not clear whether the partner related these factors to CU‟s work.

2. New and better methodologies and procedures for managing projects and good governance (9 out of 22 partners). NB, again, not clear whether the partners related these factors to CU‟s work.

3. Guidance and support from CU (6 out of 22 partners). NB where partners specifically mentioned CU in their responses.

4. Financial support (4 out of 22 partners). 5. Strong relationships with communities and community activities (3 out of 22 partners). 6. Project areas have been widened (3 out of 22 partners).

Factors behind negative changes:

1. Colombia stated that the reduction of their staff and the scale of their work was due to reduced funding.

2. Guinea SRR and OCPH both stated that the socio-political climate in the country resulted in poor funding opportunities, which led to little or no improvement in their work.

Q8: Please rate CU on the following areas:

83% of partners stated that CU‟s understanding of their needs and priorities was good or excellent. 13% stated that it was ok, and 4% stated that it was poor (Nigeria CI stated that this was largely due to poor communication).

52% of partners stated that the amount of financial support they CU provided was good, and 48% stated that the amount provided was ok.

61% of partners stated that the amount of non financial support that CU provided was good or excellent. 26% stated that it was OK, and 13% stated that it was poor (Nigeria NGOCE, Guinea OCPH, and Ken WASDA).

65% of partners stated that the quality of the non financial support provided by CU was good or excellent. 30% stated that it was ok and 5% stated that it was poor (Ken WASDA).

82% of partners stated that the influence of CU on the development of their organization was good or excellent. 18% stated that it was ok.

78% of partners stated that the amount of information that CU shares with them is good or excellent. 17% stated that it was ok. 5% stated that it was poor (Nigeria CI stated that CU needs to improve on communication).

57% of partners stated that the amount of influence that they had on CU was good or excellent. 43% stated that it was ok.

Annex 17: Partner surveys – analysis of results Partnerships are central to all of our work. A core indicator of our success as an international community development organisation is our ability to support and strengthen local partners. The Concern Universal partner survey is one of the key ways we measure the progress of our in-country partnerships. Increasing our downwards accountability to beneficiaries and partners is fundamental to „walking the talk‟ on participation and empowerment and Concern Universal is striving to increase accountability to all stakeholders. At its core the partnership survey asks what mechanisms / processes do we have in place for making sure that we are accountable to beneficiaries and partners, and what do they think of us? As well as our own organisational surveys Concern Universal has been involved in developing a sector-wide partner survey led by Keystone Accountability. This report will be published in early December and will mark the beginning of a „benchmarking‟ process among UK NGOs, whereby local partners will have the chance to rate Northern NGOs on how responsive and how accountable they are (individual ratings won‟t be published). The results will increase the clarity about what partners appreciate and demonstrate the value of our support to partners, from their perspective. Concern Universal currently supports approximately 65 local partner organisations in 12 country programmes. This year we have received 23 partner surveys from local organisations. Although we hope to receive more in future, an analysis of these surveys gives us a picture of the support we give. A copy of the survey template can be found in the annexes. On the whole, the responses portray CU's influence as very positive. There was a strong focus on capacity building, both in terms of the positive effect that it has had so far, as well as a need for more in the future. The compilation of responses below gives us a snapshot of our relationships with partners. What are the most positive aspects of your partnership with CU?: Responses were varied, but largely focused on the themes below. Each aspect is displayed according to the percentage of partners who offered this response.

What areas of your partnership with CU could be improved?: Responses were varied, but largely focused on the themes below. Each aspect is displayed according to the percentage of partners who offered this response.

How does your partnership with CU compare with your other partnerships?: Responses were very wide ranging, and partners appear to have understood the question in different ways. Therefore it was difficult to pull out any trends. Generally it appears that partners feel that CU is similar to its other partners in its commitment to the beneficiaries, the fact that CU has procedures and deadlines and CU provides work equipment and funding. The differences cited between CU and other partners were even more diverse. However, the one notable theme which came through in the responses was that CU has closer (and better) monitoring and evaluation systems, and requires more regular reporting (according to 35% of partners). Over the past three years how has your organization changed?: Chart below displays percentage of partners that cited an improvement/increase.

What are the main factors behind these changes?: Main factors behind positive changes: 1. Motivated and qualified staff, improved capacity of staff and training (39% of partners). NB it was not clear whether the partner related these factors to CU‟s work. 2. New and better methodologies and procedures for managing projects and good governance (39% of partners). NB, again, not clear whether the partners related these factors to CU‟s work. 3. Guidance and support from CU (27% of partners). NB where partners specifically mentioned CU in their responses. 4. Financial support (18% of partners). 5. Strong relationships with communities and community activities (14% of partners). 6. Project areas have been widened (14% of partners). Factors behind negative changes: 1. Colombia stated that the reduction of their staff and the scale of their work was due to reduced funding. 2. Guinea SRR and OCPH both stated that the socio-political climate in the country resulted in poor funding opportunities, which led to little or no improvement in their work. Please rate CU on the following areas:

Community First Impact Tool (C-FITs) The Community First Impact Tool, and more recently the People First Impact Tool, is a basic approach focusing impact in the context of where we work rather than the programmes we implement. It is a generic tool that is not sector specific (e.g. it is not a technical impact tool to measure change in nutrition levels etc) and is consistent with CU‟s “community first” approach. Many approaches to the engagement with communities are project focused for the purpose of baseline surveys, project design or monitoring and evaluation etc. The C-FIT approach is people first, designed to hear without assumptions what is happening in terms of change both positive and negative taking place in a community and to what that change is attributable to –without assuming or looking for a positive story that supports a particular project that has taken place. Within C-FIT the community is the central focus from which everything else stems. Pilot exercises of C-FIT were carried out in Kenya, Nigeria and Mozambique in 2008 and in The Gambia and Ghana in 2009. The objective of C-FIT is to hear from individuals and the communities themselves, what the causes are of positive or negative change in the past with respect to issues that are important to them. This is done in a way that enables individuals/communities to think about issues with themselves as the primary reference points (not the agency and not the projects). The C-FIT gives us an understanding of what are the prime causes of change and whether communities lead or not in addressing their own needs. From March 2009 – April 2010 five C-FITs were completed in two country programmes, four in The Gambia and one in Kenya. The results from three of these C-FITs, the Njawara Agricultural Training Centre partnership, the Emergency Preparedness and Response project, and the Gambia is Good project are outlined below.

Annex 18: Record of CFITs/ PFITS done 2009/10 CFITs done by CU

Date Country Location Participants Notes

Mar 2009

Gambia Gunjur, Western Region

105 people in 1 community

July 2009

Gambia North Bank Region, Greater Banjul Area and Western Region

Conducted as project evaluation for EPR5 and PROTECT.

Nov 2009

Gambia North Bank and Western Regions

4 participants in training. 118 community members (65% women) participated in various groups / locations

Conducted as project evaluation for GiG project funded by Travel Foundation

Dec 2009

Gambia Njawara, together with NATC

16 participants in training. 6 thematic groups (health, youth, culture, agriculture, education, gender).

Dec 2009

Kenya Mbita, Suba district C-FIT training and body of evidence exercise

March 2010

Gambia 160 community/individual members in 11 villages 7 CU partners (TARUD, MMAP, AVISU, WASDA,NATC,SJFF, FFHC)

EXCEL

CFITs done by other organizations:


February 2nd-5th 2010

Uganda Kamuli 9 participants in training (who facilitated the CFIT exercises); 4 community groups:

Bulange Community Group (F10, M10)

Bughonda Community Group (F8, M16)

Wesunire Community Group (F6, M11)

Wesunire Landing Site

Jenny Rafanomezana from SHA was disappointed with the results – she felt that the guidelines were not

FisherFolk (F5, M15) Total participants: 29 women and 52 men – 81 people in total.

followed by the facilitators.

8th – 11th Feb 2010

Kenya Gilgil 17 participants in training (who facilitated the CFIT exercises). Seven community groups:

Elementaita Animal Husbandry SHG, Mitimingi Location (5F, 4M)

Karunga Dam Site, Karunga Location (11F)

Kamathatha Youth Group, Eburru Location (5F, 5M)

Karunga Farmers Association, Karunga Location (2F, 5M)

Eburru Community Based Self Help Group (2F, 6M)

Nyatoru Women‟s Group (15F)

Makaria Falls SHG (12F, 3M)

Total participants: 52 women and 23 men – 75 people in total.

Jenny Rafanomezana from SHA was disappointed with the results – she felt that the guidelines were not followed by the facilitators.

Annex 19: Njawara community first impact exercise, Gambia


March 2009

Gambia Gunjur, Western Region

105 people in 1 community

“Wealth is not only money. It could be having good health, a voice in the community and

peace” (money is not everything). - C-FIT participant, Njawara

As a result of the C-FIT exercise Concern Universal, NATC and all the facilitators from the various constituencies have a broader and more in depth understanding of the community of Njawara. Working through the lead agency NATC, the village and community of Njawara came together to talk about the changes they had seen in the past three years with facilitators who had been trained to listen, report and observe. As a result of the conversations that took place it is clear that in terms of health, great positive strides have been made, but connections still need to be made. Maternal and child health has improved with perceived reductions in maternal and infant mortality; constraints exist in terms of housing logistics for health staff and fuel for the ambulance. The drivers of these changes can be linked to the national response to improve Maternal and Child health. General education standards have improved in the last three years with greater enrollment of girls in school. On the other hand the promotion of Child Rights is seen as being responsible for issues on controlling the class and individual pupils. The school has witnessed some refurbishment but issues of staff dissatisfaction and subsequent attrition as a result of greater teaching demands and control issues is a challenge for the future development of education in the area. Agriculture has witnessed some benefits as a result of two good rainy seasons, but in general both farming and fishing have seen a dramatic reduction in outputs due to the effects of deforestation, lack of investment, limited national response and poor markets. Youth, culture and gender have faced challenges in terms of external influences and a changing economic landscape; however, results from the evaluation show a general appreciation of the growing role of women as they strive towards equal rights through access to education, training and business enterprise. The C-FIT evaluation was appreciated by the participants who were grateful for the new learning which was valued for its simplicity and community centred approach. The NATC, situated within the village, acknowledged that as a result of the evaluation exercise they had a greater knowledge of the community and appreciation of its future needs.

Annex 20: Emergency Preparedness and Response (EPR) project, Gambia


July 2009 Gambia North Bank Region, Greater Banjul Area and Western Region

Conducted as project evaluation for EPR5 (and PROTECT)

After five years of implementation of the EPR project, a mandatory evaluation was necessary in order to draw lessons, discuss sustainability and highlight what could have been done better or differently. To understand “the most significant change” and “collect the perceptions of communities” the team decided to use the C-FIT methodology. After training the evaluation team visited and led C-FIT exercises in Brikama Area Council, Janack community, Kusamai community, Ebou Sanneh (Kambong/Saninga), and Mamanding Bojang (Kunjanjeng) Field findings Disaster management: The review has showed that there is a strong correlation between successful disaster reduction, and good management and development within communities. Before the training organised by the project partner, bush fires were out of control in the area, but after Step Down sensitization, there were fewer bush fires in the area. With the collaboration of other groups, complementing the local council‟s effort, they has been a reduction of the council‟s expenditure on disasters. Sunkary Badjie, from Brikama Area Council, said that after sensitization, communities were more aware of disasters, and that “prevention is better than cure.” The community has now established a Disaster Management Committee, as part of the existing Village Development Committee (VDC). As a contingency measure, the chairman of the VDC is the focal point for emergencies. The impact of this structure on the community has been far reaching and the community is now able to respond to some disasters independently, without relying on outside intervention. Mediation: In Janack, Concern Universal built a mediation centre with toilets and teachers‟ quarters, and set up a mediation committee. The centre is used by villagers to resolve quarrels locally, and is also sometimes called upon by neighbouring communities to help them resolve their differences. Villagers said the centre was successful in most cases, creating a peaceful co-existence between community members, and added that has improved health conditions in the village, and people‟s dignity.

Food Distribution: Refugees from the Casamance conflict often stay with host families in The Gambia, and many arrive in the „hungry season‟, adding to the strain on households. SJFF distributed food to refugee host families in the village of Kusamai, which local people said strengthened the food resources of the hosts. Health Sensitization: In Kusamai, health sensitization on problems including malaria, diarrhoea, HIV/AIDS, and TB was conducted by SJFF and health personnel. The community said that this has improved their health condition since most of them (women) are now able to perform basic treatment before they reach the nearest health centre. In assessment groups in Janack, community members expressed interest in improving their health, and would welcome project support on this issue. SMILE Water Pumps: In Kusamai, water points were repaired and new rope pumps (SMILE) were established by Saint Joseph‟s Family Farm. The community now has access to a better quantity and quality of water. However, the community reported some problems in implementing the project; because of the low water table in the area, the SMILE pumps were heavy and not easy to use. Members of the Janack community also felt that they could benefit from a better water supply. As well as assessing the impact of the project on the specific result areas the C-FIT also asked people to assess how the project has changed their lives. The communities emphasized that the numerous achievements registered by the project contributed tremendously in changing their lives. The benefits derived from the orchards/woodlots especially for rainy season vegetable production include improved household income (used for children‟s school fees, food and clothing) and health conditions. Health sensitization and training have helped in the improvement of environmental sanitation. Most of the victims of structural collapse were assisted with response (rice, corrugated iron sheets and nails) and because of these response packages they desisted from taking loans/credits. In some communities, the district disaster committee formed in the previous EPR-4 project (implemented by MMAP/NATC) s initial response in helping the victims.

Communities are not at the same level in term of disaster mitigation. About 50% of the respondents have limited knowledge on mitigation and risk/hazards perception. Councillor of Sabach ward embarked on sensitization on mitigation and reduction and this impacted on the communities‟ knowledge and perception of disaster risks and mitigation. This was exhibited in their attempt to control erosion in their villages and environmental management activities such as tree planting. Responses from communities revealed that sustainability is well understood and in fact in some communities there are plans in place to tackle continuity of interventions. In Samba Kalla, the community is utilizing their training potential by developing village nurseries for expansion and replacement of unsuccessful plants within the project site. In Ndungu Kebbeh, the community was allocated and identified responsible people to take care of toilets, cleaning and maintenance. In Kerr Ardo and Kerr katim the community is responsible of watering the plants during the dry season and providing

protection from the stray animals. It came out that community participation and ownership underpinned sustainability of the intervention in most of the communities. The Sabach Ward Council also put in place sub committee that is temporally charged with the responsibility of information dissemination, resource mobilization and contingency planning for the ward. The Governor at North Bank Region noted that the project is going in the right direction and complementing government efforts on disaster risk reduction. He expressed his appreciation of the intervention and also acknowledged the high level of collaboration with CU and its partners within the Region.

Annex 21: Gambia is Good C-FIT


November 2009

Gambia North Bank and Western Regions

4 participants in training. 118 community members (65% women) participated in various groups / locations

Conducted as project evaluation for GiG project funded by Travel Foundation

“Every woman now has a mobile”

- woman farmer, Suwarehkunda

“While other farmers are crying because of a lack of money, we have money for rice and other things”

- men‟s group, Suwarehkunda

“Family feeding is not a problem” - NBR Farmers

Concern Universal carried out an internal impact assessment of the GiG project in The Gambia using C-FIT in November 2009. Overall the assessment found that in the GIG gardens there was an appreciation of the training and technical support they had received over the three year period, in particular in terms of new seeds, crop planning/rotation and an extended growing season. This was supported by the immediate positive responses from the gardeners on life changes, more disposable income, less reliance on loans, access to education for children, improved nutrition, a greater harmony in the community because standards of living had improved and people did not need to borrow money. What really stands out within the assessment is the stark contract between responses from GiG villages and „non GiG‟ villages. In villages where GIG support had not been present gardeners were quick to focus on their problems (pests, diseases, gluts, lack of markets/ transportation). Whilst those on the North Bank and Bajana felt they had seen an improvement over the three year period, this was not as marked as in the GIG gardens where gardeners had purchased threshing machines, water pumps and solar panels. In villages where technical support was not available gardeners complained of pests, diseases and poor soil quality all issues that the GiG project has addressed in their gardens. The evaluation used the C-FIT methodology in gather information on the impact of the project in two areas, North Bank Region and Western Region. In Suwarehkunda, a GiG community located in the North Bank 10 Women gardeners attended the evaluation exercise. The women stated that in last three years they had

seen an increase in their incomes due to the diversification and staggering of their crops. The introduction of the tomato hybrid variety F1 Mongal in 2005 extended their growing season and brought greater income for them. The women commented that they thought their health and the health of their families was now better than that of people living in urban areas. The ability to pay school fees and buy clothes was highlighted and many said they could now save with the VISACAs. One woman said they could now hire machines to thresh their rice and another said she had bought a solar panel which provided her home with power. A number of women commented on the positive impact of removing the middleman who would often buy vegetables on credit with the false promise to return with money. The women also spoke of how life was more peaceful now and that the community had more cohesion, when asked why they explained that families did not need to hide from others families because they owed them money. The women said they owed no-one money and now they managed to pay for school fees, clothes and save some money. They felt the community was much happier these days. By contrast Illiasa Village has not participated in GiG‟s activities. When the assessment team met with the villages they focused more on their problems than on any changes that had recently taken place in the community. They said that marketing was a problem and that they often had to deal with middlemen and didn‟t get a high price for their produce. They said that pests and diseases were a problem and managing the nursery/seedlings was difficult. They highlighted the problem of not having an identified market as they sold their produce mainly around the village or surrounding villages, they complained of gluts as everyone grew the same vegetables at the same time and they knew nothing of hybrid seeds for the rainy season. They said the land was poor, and fencing and water were inadequate. Although the responses from GiG villages in the North Bank were largely positive the response from Western Region farmers was more mixed. One farmer was quoted as saying that „Feeding all year round is a problem‟. In the past, although production was high marketing was still a problem. Unfortunately, this was still a problem and the situation hadn‟t really changed. Farmers in the Western Region remarked that GiG would only buy the best produce leaving 75% that they had to try and sell in Casamance (Southern Senegal). They stated that GiG set the price and that they had no vote in that. They said they had returned to cultural farming in terms of leaving the garden production to grow rice in the wet season. They felt health had improved and that they ate 10% of what they produced. School fees and medical treatment was still a problem. It was very useful for the programme and country team to hear such frank, wide ranging and open feedback on the positive and negative impacts of the project. The project team has compiled the data from the qualitative, as well as quantitative, research and has come up with recommendations for the project. These include changes to input supply, localisation of seed supply, training on water management, more crop diversification, rainy season production, and pest and disease management.

Annex 22: Case Studies Brazil (from Brazil Impact Report)

Case Study – in their view „CPD and Concern Universal are helping me to claim my rights, rights which I didn‟t know I had before‟… „My name is Sérgio. When I was a teenager I participated in carpentry and cultural activities in Casa Pequeno Davi (CPD). I learnt about the rights of children and, even though I had a poor and humble childhood, I knew that children had space and a place in CPD, a space that I knew that society doesn‟t usually respect.‟ „For me, the activities being carried out by CPD and Concern Universal, with me and with the community, are helping me to claim my rights, rights which I didn‟t know I had before. It is a positive element in my life that is helping me grow as a human…the greatest impact has been in the way I think, the way that I now look at the community, look at a road that has water running down the middle like a sewer and rubbish piled up, knowing now that that is not only the fault of the people that live there but it is as a result of a lack of public policies and social actions by the local government.‟

Nigeria (from Project review: Integrated Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project Cross River and Ebonyi States

Making a Difference.. Efeoma Okpomi a farmer with 5 children and living in Ndiakparata Ndiebor community of Izzi LGA Ebonyi State of Nigeria explains how she and her family have benefited from this project. “I have been living in this community all my life. In early 2000s the State government constructed the first ever borehole in our community. After two years it broke and women and children had to resort to spending 70 minutes of productive time to fetch water, especially at the peak of the dry season. My 2 daughters (Chika and Nnenna) and I devote a whole day to fetching water, meaning no farm work that particular day. The quantity of water we could fetch is used for 2 days by the family of seven. A year ago, we heard that an NGO had helped our neighbouring community (Ogbodo Igbeagu community) and sanitized their spring water point. A group of people from the chief‟s council were mobilised to visit the NGO at Abakaliki. The NGO came to our rescue and drilled a borehole for us.‟ „The significance of the water point to my family is constant access to a safe source of water, which enables us to concentrate on other aspects of our life. For instance, I no longer fetch water because the borehole is about 30 meters from my house Therefore; my 2 daughters fetch water anytime there is a need for water in the house. Consequently, we spend more time in the farm, and we have been able to increase our farm size slightly and producing enough for the family, unlike 3 years ago. I have more time to rest and no more dread to return from the farm late, since I do not need to go to the stream to fetch water for cooking and other domestic chores.‟

„In addition to the time I have for my farm work and leisure, access to year-round safe source of water has significantly affected cleanliness of my family and thus health of the children. In the past we drank muddy stream water, mostly infested with insects (dead or alive) and the children suffered from frequent stomach aches‟. „Most significantly my children and I no longer put on dirty clothes because of the proximity and availability of water from the borehole. Prior to the borehole, dirty laundry use to pile up before I could wash them and the children would be forced to put on clothes they consider less dirty.‟

Malawi (from Project Review of Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihoods Improvement)

Making a difference…

Angella Mwachande got involved with Concern Universal‟s Fuel saving stove (Mbaula) making project when a meeting was held in her village Chiwamba VDC. Here she explains how this project has benefited her: „We learnt that in our VDC we are facing environmental degradation, especially deforestation. Due to extensive environmental degradation we lacked wood for fuel. We would walk about 10km to fetch fuel wood and we could come back home very late. This caused fights in my home. At the meeting, we were told that our friends were using Mbaula stoves in the neighbouring TA, which saves energy. We were excited by this idea. I personally wished to start making fuel saving stoves and start contributing to the family income through Mbaula sales.‟ Concern Universal and partner organisations initially trained three women, including Angella, to make fuel saving stoves, Mbaulas, and provided them with the raw materials needed to start making the stoves. They were then able to make their own Mbaulas, sharing them amongst themselves and also selling them for a profit, enabling them to continue making and selling the stoves. Angella is now a „lead farmer‟ in her VDC and is able to train others who wish to start making Mbaulas, so that others can earn an income and also help conserve the environment. Angella continues: „Before I got involved in Mbaula making, I couldn‟t contribute to our family budget. I used to wait for my husband for family provisions, but now both of us are bread winners in our family. I also contribute to daily needs at home. I now buy

things like sugar, salt and shoes for my children and kitchen utensils. I now take part in making decisions for the family. This is a miracle to me.‟ „Also, as a result of the project, I am now a lead farmer a thing I never dreamt of. Being a lead farmer, I earn money because; when I am booked to train farmers in other villages I am given allowances by those they may wish to use my skills. I feel good to be a lead farmer. On gender issues, I and my husband do all things together; there is no work load only for one person. For example, my husband cooks. He also fetches firewood and many things which in the past I used to do myself without his help.‟ „I have very little education which cannot enable me to find a job, but with the help of CU project Mbaula making, I have been equipped with skills which currently enable me to earn a living. I can do the things which I couldn‟t do in the past. This is a great change in my life.‟

Annex 23: Irish Aid Case Study Example for Annual DevCom meeting

Lezita Wamsinje smiles as she emerges from her small plot of land on a hillside in Kanyanga village in central Malawi, “It feels like we have opened a gold mine” she exclaims. “I have already harvested my second crop of maize this year.” Lezita is reaping the benefits of a recently installed irrigation channel which provides she and her fellow villagers with year round irrigation for their crops, enabling them to harvest up to three times a year. The irrigation channel at Kanyanga village is one of nine such sites in Dedza District built by the NGO, Concern Universal with the support of Irish Aid. The gravity fed channel, built using local labour and fed by a local river, has enabled farmers to irrigate their crops year round. As a result farmers like Lezita have more food on the table and more money to provide for their families. The channel irrigates around 250 acres of arable land and over 270 households are benefiting as a result. Lezita, who has eight children, has been allocated a quarter of an acre of the irrigated land which she farms along with her own two acre plot, “We are now able to grow enough food to last throughout the year. I can also afford to sell some food to buy basic items and send my three youngest children to school.” Over 80% of Malawians are subsistence farmers, most of whom are dependant on one harvest a year to get by. Traditionally, farmers plant around November in time for the start of the rainy season and yield in March or April after the rains have finished. The land lies fallow throughout the long dry season. The lean pre-harvest period from January to March is typically known as “Njala” or the hunger season. This is when many people live on one meal per day and malnutrition rises. “This is the first year that my family didn’t experience a hunger season” says Lezita. Irish Aid began to provide significant assistance to Malawi in 2002, in response to Malawi’s worst food crisis in recent times.

A new bilateral aid programme in Malawi commenced following the opening of an Irish Embassy there in 2007. Under this programme Irish Aid will provide a total of €5.7 million to improve food security in Malawi in 2009 in addition to supporting programmes in the areas of governance and nutrition. Over €1 million is directed through Concern Universal to improve farmers’ livelihoods in the Central Region. This programme is focused on empowering women, mitigating the effects of HIV and AIDS and building irrigation schemes so that small scale farmers like Lezita can produce enough to feed their families. Funding is also provided to support the Malawian Government's programme to provide subsidised fertilisers and seeds to 1.7 million of the poorest farmers. In a country where most farmers cannot afford key inputs such as fertiliser, this programme has been the main factor in transforming Malawi from being dependent on food imports to becoming self sufficient over the last five years. Real Stories: Lezita from Malawi Malawi, Agriculture http://www.irishaid.gov.ie/article.asp?article=1475

http://www.irishaid.gov.ie/article.asp?article=1475

INDEPENDENT VOICES

A total of six external project evaluations were carried out in 2009/10 in four country programmes (see Annex 8 for details). A summary of two of these evaluations has been copied below to show the far reaching impact of Concern Universal‟s work over the last few years.

Annex 24: External evaluations 2009/10

Country DonorName Project Name

2009/10

Mozambique Irish Aid

Matatuine Emergency Preparedness and Response

Kenya Irish Aid

Social and Livelihoods and Emergency Preparedness Programme

Kenya Irish Aid EPAL

Ghana Irish Aid Ghana Emergency Preparedness

Bangladesh Cordaid DRR Capacity Building

Bangladesh European Community Anti-Trafficking

Annex 25: Evaluation (Bangladesh) Prevention of Cross-Border Trafficking Summary of external evaluation by P.K. Datta, Md. N.I. Sarker, and Dr. J.K. Saha, conducted in April 2009. Project Dates: January 2006 - May 2009 (3 years 5 months). Project Cost: €945,687, funded by the European Commission and Irish Aid. Project Aim The overall aim of the project was to combat trafficking in human beings, especially women and children within South Asia through involving stakeholders at many levels. The implementation area in Bangladesh covered 10 Unions and 4 Upazilas in the south-western part of Bangladesh, an area recognised as a common route for the trafficking of women and children to West Bengal, India. C-BAT was implemented in collaboration with three partner organisations: Dhaka Ahsania Mission in Bangladesh, and Socio Legal Aid Research and Training Centre (SLARTC) and Women Interlink Foundation (WIF) in West Bengal, India. Evaluation Methodology Review of project documentation included baseline study and follow up study, research reviews, awareness materials, minutes of meetings, and project progress reports. Primary fieldwork included: interviews with key informants, including law enforcing agencies (Police/Bangladesh Rifles (BDR) and Border Security Force India (BSF)), government officials and local government representatives; Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and checklists to assess stakeholders‟ awareness and perceptions about the causes and consequences of trafficking in women and children; Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methods to enable the community to participate in assessing effectiveness and impact of the project, for example at the tea stall, local bazaar and with school teachers; and workshops with staff to review project progress in light of the set objectives and project indicators. Project Outcomes The C-BAT Project was very successful in its areas of intervention proving that this kind of initiative can reduce the trend of trafficking significantly. As an integral part of this project, approximately 78,000 vulnerable families have been identified as being at risk of trafficking and are monitored regularly by local governement. C-BAT conducted an in-depth study in target communities to produce an analytical report which was well disseminated to all local stakeholders through consultation workshops. The project information was also disseminated through building effective information sharing and networking systems from community level to local and national

Governments so that all actors are now able to act together in anti-trafficking interventions. Enhanced capacity of the community and local government to support women's self-reliance and the protection of vulnerable women and children.

166 community-based civil society organisations registered their demands for safety of vulnerable girls and children in the community.

A community-level database of 77,871 vulnerable households was developed.

The mobility of the target population was monitored and Union Parishad/Gram

Panchayet (UP/GP) based vulnerable households information books were produced.

187 mid and senior level stakeholders (including Community leaders, Local Government Representatives and law enforcement officials) and 1450 community volunteers received training on rights based perspectives and trafficking issues.

93 caregivers givers of trafficking victims received counselling training on mental health support to facilitate psycho-social rehabilitation and self-esteem development.

Increased commitment and awareness of Local Government and law-enforcement agencies to address human trafficking, HIV/AIDS and drug addiction problems.

15 local level consultation meetings were held to sensitize the families and community leaders about the consequences of trafficking and its link with HIV/AIDS and drug addiction.

1548 Community leaders and local government representatives along with 694 law enforcement officials received training on Rights Based Approaches, anti-trafficking laws and its enforcement.

4 workshops held (2 in Bangladesh and 2 in West Bengal, India) to disseminate information to targeted government and law enforcement agencies at the local, state and national levels for mainstreaming of field experience.

Improved community understanding of the socio-economic dynamics of trafficking from a human rights perspective and increased the capacity of vulnerable families to take informed decision about mobility of their girls and children.

School programmes organised to activate the children and introduce a child-to-child approach for social mobilisation. 1168 peer groups were introduced and the programme is continuing at 100 schools.

3 guidebooks of communication and counselling materials have been developed.

228 social action groups have been developed to accomplish community-based activities utilising a "lifecycle approach" to behavioural change.

Family/community level programmes have been introduced to raise the critical awareness of vulnerable families, the importance of women‟s involvement in economic activities and to ensure safety during travel and in the workplace. 23,226 courtyard meetings were held at community level, more than 45,000 sets Information Education and Communication (IEC) material was produced, 20 Rallies and 203 Drama activities were held.

Linkages were created with vulnerable households and existing poverty alleviation interventions in the project area and other accessible locations. 2 Networking meetings were held for the mainstreaming of vulnerable households.

Key Lessons Learned and Key Recommendations

The (C- BAT) Project should be extended and expanded to cover all the border unions/Panchayets in the Upazila given that anti-trafficking interventions are necessary in the entire cross border region.

Community awareness programmes (street drama, film shows, and cycle rallies) have created high levels of awareness and should be included in future interventions.

A separate Project Steering Committee should be formed at central level comprising of NGO professionals having expertise in the same field; accordingly a Field Steering Committee could also be formed to monitor the activities at field level of the partner organizations.

Special attention of anti-trafficking interventions and an active role of border officials in the prevention of cross border trafficking should be obligatory in the areas where there is no fencing in the border belts. More involvement of border officials in awareness raising programs could be effective for sensitizing them to increase their vigilance. Materials like posters, leaflets and research documents should be widely distributed to the officials and those who deal with the trafficking cases at the outset.

The media (electronic and print) is very important in addressing anti-trafficking actions, the media could play an effective role in drawing attention to cases on a local and national level

Future projects need to focus on proper implementation of existing laws and enforcement of legal actions to stop any forms of violence like trafficking against women and children at different levels.

The Bilateral repatriation treaty must be strong and active. Advocacy with high level government officials and political leaders along with other CSOs should be maintained and continued to avoid unnecessary incarceration for uncertain periods

Annex 26: Evaluation (Kenya) Emergency Preparedness & Post Recovery Summary of external evaluation by Mike Wekesa (Kesarine & Associates) in March - April 2009

Project Dates: The two projects, the Emergency Preparedness & Alternative Livelihoods (EPAL) and the Social & Livelihoods Preparedness Projects (SLEP) had a timeframe of one year each but with the EPAL implemented for two years (with annual funding) and SLEP for one year between 2006 and 2009.

Project Cost: £67,287.00 (EPAL); £88,588.00 (SLEP). Both funded by Irish Aid. Project Aim The Emergency Preparedness and Alternatives Livelihoods Project (EPAL) and the Social & Livelihoods Emergency Preparedness (SLEP) project had the overall objective of providing alternative livelihood strategies to pastoralists who have lost livestock and therefore capacity to remain in pastoralism. Also to address core challenges of livestock, rangeland and water point management, with a view to contribute to the diversification of pastoral livelihoods in the NEP of Kenya. Evaluation Methodology The methodology included a literature review, field work which included consultations with beneficiaries and key informants in the field, an assessment of the quality of the physical outputs based on observation and verification in the field and forming an opinion of the extent of the projects‟ success and achievements based on beneficiary insights and perceptions and analyses of project performance available to the evaluation team. Project Outcomes All project activities were implemented within the project timeframe. Drought and post election violence caused some understandable delays, for example the equipping of the Fafi borehole following drilling. The evaluation found that the efficacy of the activities was sound and that desired results and impacts had been achieved. For example, the projects provided a strong foundation for the adoption of irrigated farming as an alternative livelihood option for those forced from pastoralism and also assisting with essential livestock fodder. Through the two projects CUK, WASDA and WOKIKE supported irrigated farming in ten group farms that comprised former pastoralists who had lost almost everything – they had no previous background in agriculture. The Model Farm Approach, evident in Hidaya farm, with a membership of 78 households owning between 1-3 acres each, resulted in pastoralists being trained effectively in farm knowledge and skills through exposure tours, demonstration plots and trials and on-the-farm training. The farmers are now able to harvest bananas, vegetables, cereal and legume crops. Providing basic food and monthly incomes of between KES 8000 – 10,000 (~€80 to ~€100) per month, signifying the actual potential for viable irrigated farming asian alternative livelihood for pastoralists who were otherwise facing

destitution. They are called „pastoralist dropouts‟ or more appropriately, “Pastoralists in Transition” (PIT). There were many interruptions to implementation, including widespread violence during and after the national elections in 2007 through to the first quarter of 2008. The projects were implemented at a time of serious drought and suffering where the full components of a DRR approach were applied. The heightened volatility and drought conditions under which implementation took place meant that time consuming consultations with all stakeholders was even more important, especially in addressing underlying core inter-clan related issues, understanding challenges and building opportunities. Key Lessons Learned Local partnerships are important for effective implementation of projects especially in

difficult, complex social areas such as North Eastern Province; Working with local government is also important i.e. collaboration with local

government is necessary to achieve complementarities in technical areas and to influence government policy and application of national standards;

The dependency syndrome resulting from historical marginalisation, perennial droughts, previous „hand-out‟ programmes, insecurity and remoteness of the NEP is a challenge and transition from relief to rehabilitation and to development is a process that will take a long time, however, it is nevertheless possible with a strong campaign using an effective extension and training service as demonstrated in these projects;

The model farm approach and use of demonstration plots, exchange visits, farm models such as the one in Hidaya farm and open days etc. give communities a practical experience and builds the confidence of farmers and other poor pastoralists to adopt new livelihood practices and technologies. It also encourages informal interaction among farmers after the projects were complete;

Building institutional links between CUK/WASDA/WOKIKE with agricultural research institutions such as ICRAF, KARI and ILRI is a very strategic approach, particularly in cases where new crops and species of livestock or even new technologies are being promoted. The mutual strengths from such linkages translated into effective and cohesive action in the Project area.

Key Recommendations Strengthen lesson learning, capture, sharing and dissemination CUK and implementing partners should build lesson learning reviews to develop the evidence base to demonstrate that such interventions are effective, appropriate and beneficial as mitigation, preparedness, emergency and recovery measures to address drought impacts. Such a review should highlight „best-practice‟ lessons that are specific to Kenya and can also be used to persuade donors of the merits of such interventions. It can also help to build capacity and credibility for livelihood interventions, particularly in the livestock and agriculture sectors so that there is capacity to formulate quantitative and qualitative proposals based on a sound assessment of needs and credible indicators for expected results.

Develop guidelines for implementing partners CUK and partners should consider developing implementation guidelines and manuals to provide a framework for systematic and effective implementation of specific project activities such as: 1) Community-managed pumped water supply systems; 2) Irrigation schemes development and management; 3) Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction implementation framework and 4) Structured lesson learning, documentation and sharing frameworks.

Develop a district joint community assistance strategy In view of the importance of a multi-agency approach at the district level, it is recommended that CUK facilitates the formulation of a joint assistance strategy for community-based initiatives among relevant stakeholders. This should be done through structured and signed agreements, particularly with key GoK ministries and research institutions in order to guarantee support to communities on a sustainable basis.

Annex 27: Long term impact (ex-post impact assessment Malawi) In September 2010 an internal ex-post evaluation was conducted to assess the long term impact of Concern Universal‟s work to improve food security and support sustainable livelihoods (FSSL) in Malawi. As part of deepening our work on impact assessment the ex-post evaluation will give us a sense of the long-term impact of our work in one area, in one country. CU Malawi believes that the ex-post will support it to a) demonstrate effectiveness and b) further improve current and future programming. Food security and sustainable livelihoods (FSSL) is the area of work on which CU spends most funds. It is also critically important in the wider context of climate change. CU Malawi is our largest country programme, and we have been working there longer than in any other country. We have a long history of implementing major FSSL programmes there, going back many years. It therefore makes sense to conduct CU‟s first long-term impact assessment on a Malawi project. TA Kachere in Dedza District were selected as the focus area for this study, because CU has implemented FSSL programmes in the TA for a number of years. There is currently one CU FSSL programme being conducted in the TA, in Chafumbwa EPA only. This study will not conduct research in Chafumbwa, as the focus is on assessing long-term impact of past interventions. The neighbouring TA Kaphuka has been selected as the comparison area, because in this TA CU has implemented WASH programmes, but has never implemented FSSL programmes. The previous Advocacy and Learning Manager, Ms Eleanor Chowns, led the field work and is responsible for completing the ex-post evaluation report. She is hoping to be able to share a first draft of the report by the end of 2010.

TEMPLATE - ANNEXES

Annex 28: Impact Report 2010 TORs Summary CU‟s 2010 Impact Report will build on the work done for the 2009 version, but with several new elements, in response to feedback. On the presentation side: a) there‟ll be a new emphasis on using our website as a repository of impact information and integrating impact report content with general website content; b) we‟ll publish an 8-page colour summary „handout‟ version of the full report; c) we‟ll offer CPs the opportunity, if they want it, of publishing an individual 4-page colour Country Programme Impact Summary 2010, for handing out in-country. In terms of content, this will be broadly similar to 2009, but with inclusion of an in-depth ex-post impact assessment of a food security programme in Malawi, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches (including building on CFIT). We‟ll also conduct an organisation-wide partner survey, possibly in collaboration with a number of other UK NGOs. Purpose

Demonstrate the effectiveness, and long-term impact of our work.

Demonstrate transparency.

Demonstrate credibility of the organisation, and of our approach to impact assessment.

Process or product? Twofold emphasis:

1) Creating spaces for review and reflection, learning from the impact of our work so far („improving‟).

2) Publication of resources (web and print) demonstrating our impact („proving‟). Audiences In UK: institutional funders; major individual donors; „opinion-shapers‟ (e.g. politicians, journalists); targets for unrestricted FR; the general public. In Country: stakeholders including beneficiaries, partners, govt officials, donors, and other NGOs. Format Web: Dedicated areas on our website, with more background detail than print version, accessible by country / by theme / by impact assessment approach. Print: a) Country Programme Impact Reports (if they want them): short, 4-page folded A4, colour printed, based on template. B) Whole-organisation Impact Report: long and comprehensive, A4 black and white. C) Whole-org Impact Summary –colour 10-page summary version. Structure and timeframe

Three consistent elements covering the whole organisation; templates created for each. 1: CPM (May Bulletin – see template)

Data for whole-org impact summaries; (NB expenditure data will not be available until 26 July (draft) and 26 Aug (2nd draft); accounts due to be finalised in Sept.)

Info re frequency of partner reviews;

Carbon footprint calculation. 2. CP Impact Reports Info requested from CP that will enable compilation (if they so wish) of stand-alone 4-page docs A4 folded, colour printed. However, if CPs are not interested in this it is not obligatory. The info will also be mashed for insertion into the whole org impact report.

Intro quotes and images from beneficiary, partner, and staff member (could also include video clips on website)

Impact in the last year (using data from CPM and Annual Objectives Review)

Long-term impact (CPs free to use whatever approach they like)

Accountability – examples of beneficiary and partner feedback (incl. partner survey and feedback mechanisms; details re income and expenditure.

3: Project review docs (July Bulletin – see templates)

Project outcome reviews for projects completed in the past year.

Summaries of external evaluations. NB: Items 1 and 3, but not 2, will include specific focus on SO2 advocacy themes. One additional element – see separate TORS: Long term impact study Follow up on one area of sustainable livelihoods work in Malawi, assessing the extent to which the impacts have indeed been sustained. Compilation and publication of web and print versions: August / September 2010. Website structure Impact by country: CP name / summary of impact by country (CPM stats, case stories) / links to project outcome reviews, external evaluation summaries, & other impact docs (e.g. CFIT, partner feedback…) Impact by sector: Sector name / summary of impact by sector (CPM stats, case stories) / links to project outcome reviews, external evaluation summaries, & other impact docs (e.g. CFIT, partner feedback…)

Impact assessment approaches: Whole-org impact summary / overview / examples Feedback from partners / overview / examples Feedback from beneficiaries / overview / examples CFIT / overview / examples External evaluations / overview / examples Printed doc

Annex 29: Case Story template Concern Universal Case Story Template (v3, June 2010) Note to CU staff members: Although this might seem like a bit too much form-filling, it‟s important for two reasons… One is that getting permissions for use seems to be an important part of respecting the rights of the people we work with. If we want to use their stories and pictures in our communications, it seems only right that we should make sure they understand this and are happy about it. The second reason is risk management. As we continue to raise our profile, and as concerns about data protection increase, we need to make sure we‟re acting in accordance with good practice by keeping records about the background to our case stories. Hence this request to CU staff – please could you include the information below with all case stories. Clearly, it may not always be possible to get the person supplying the case story to sign the form – but please try to do this if you can, so we can be sure that they are happy with how we plan to use their text and image. If this isn‟t possible, please sign yourself to confirm that you‟ve explained how the story may be used, and got permission. Thank you! Of course, we‟d welcome feedback on this template – please send any comments or suggestions to [email protected]. One final point – we realise that this English-language version is not going to be useful for everyone. If you make a translation of this for use in your own country programme, please could you send us a copy? Thank you. Alternatively (for French, Portuguese and Spanish) if you don‟t have time to translate it yourselves please let Debbie know and we will try to get a UKO volunteer to translate it.

mailto:[email protected]

Permissions for use (please tick): Shared internally by CU and partners photograph story Shared with donors to the project photograph story Published by CU on website photograph story Published by CU in print photograph story Do you want your name to be changed when we use this Case Story? Yes / No If yes, please supply a pseudonym:

Signed (by the person whose story it is):

Date:

Background information Country:

Individual‟s Name:

Where s/he lives:

Project that this Case Story relates to:

Project PID:

Donor(s):

Date Case Story collected:

Date of events related in the Case Story:

Language of original Case Story:

Case Story translated / written down by:

Is there an audio or video recording? Yes / No Photograph(s) attached? Yes / No

Case Story Guidelines

The case story should briefly explain a bit of background about the person, and what difference CU‟s support has made to his/her life.

Maximum one page please.

As much as possible, please use direct quotes from the person themselves, so that they are telling the story in their own words.

Photograph guidelines

Please ensure you attach at least one (preferably several) good quality photo/s to illustrate the story. Without a picture, it‟s very difficult to use the story.

Please send pictures in .jpg format, not embedded in a Word document, and in high resolution.

Please name all photos using this format: [Country name – Individual‟s name – couple of words describing photo – date].

Permission guidelines

In line with our Protection policy, please make sure that the person concerned understands that their photo and story may be used in our newsletters, website, Annual Report, and other publicity & fundraising materials, and that they give permission for this.

Annex 30: CP Impact Report template

Concern Universal COUNTRY X

Impact Report 2010 Picture of beneficiary

Quote from local partner re the difference CU‟s support has made to them and the community they serve. (Should also be able to use these for TAR and other comms)

Picture of CU staff member

Picture of local partner

Quote from beneficiary re the difference CU‟s work has made to their lives (Should also be able to use these for fundraisers and other comms)

Quote from CU staff member – „welcome to our impact report‟… introducing the focus of our work in country x.

This short report outlines the impact of Concern Universal‟s support in country xxx. Working together to challenge poverty and inequality, we‟ve helped xxx,000 people to transform their lives.

(2) Our impact in the last year [insert bullet points / facts and figures from CPM and Annual Objectives Review] Plus info from EOP reports for projects completed during the year (3) OUR long-term impact CPs are free to use whatever method(s) they prefer to explain the long-term impact of their work. Possible approaches might be:

Following up on work completed some years ago to see what outputs / outcomes / impacts have endured

Following up on individuals that featured in case stories some years ago to see how their lives have developed.

Using participatory methods in a particular community to a) understand the changes that have occurred, and b) to attribute changes to contributory factors.

(4) ACCOUNTABILITY Accountability to beneficiaries, including examples of beneficiary feedback Accountability to partners, including examples of partner feedback Expenditure figures We‟d like to hear from you! Contact: Name Address Tel Email

Annex 31: Partner Survey Concern Universal Partner Survey 2010 September 2010 Dear partners, Greetings from Concern Universal We think it‟s really important to listen to feedback from our partners. We hope you will be happy to assist us by responding to the quick and simple survey below – only seven questions. We are asking all of our partners (60+ organisations in 12 countries) to provide feedback in this way. Of course, this survey doesn‟t replace the ongoing communication that you all have with the CU staff in your country. We simply hope it can help us learn a bit more about what we are doing well, and what we could do better. We very much look forward to hearing from you! You can complete this survey in three ways:

1. Online at surveymonkey: http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/CUpartnersurvey2010English

2. Typing: click on these boxes and a tick will appear; and you can type your own text in these boxes: Click here to enter text.. You can then save the document and email it to [email protected].

3. Handwriting: print this document, write your answers, then scan and email the survey to the email address above.

Please could you respond by Monday 27th September 2010. THANK YOU for your participation!

Q1: Your organisation‟s name: Click here to enter text. Q2: Country: Click here to enter text. Q3: What are the most positive aspects of your partnership with CU? Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Q4: What areas of your partnership with CU could be improved? Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text.

http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/CUpartnersurvey2010English

mailto:[email protected]

Q5: How does your partnership with CU compare with your other partnerships? Similarities: Click here to enter text. Differences: Click here to enter text. Q6: Over the past three years, how has your organisation changed?

Decreased Stayed the same

Increased a little

Increased a lot

Comments?

Staff capacity Click here to

enter text.

Quality of governance

Click here to enter text.

Scale of your work


Quality of your work


Q7: What are the main factors behind these changes? Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Q8: Please rate Concern Universal on the following areas:

Poor OK Good Excellent Comments?

Understanding of your needs and priorities


Amount of financial support provided Click here to enter text.

Amount of non-financial support provided


Quality of non-financial support provided


Influence of CU on the development of your organisation


Amount of information CU shares with you


Amount of influence you have on CU Click here to enter text.

Q9: Would you like to make any recommendations to CU regarding how the partnership could become more effective, to help both organisations to achieve their objectives better?

Annex 32: Concern Universal’s partners

Partner Country Partner since

DAM Bangladesh 1996

EKATA Bangladesh 2003

GRAUS Bangladesh 2003

SLARTC Bangladesh 2004

WIF Bangladesh 2004

YPSA Bangladesh 2004

SPACE Bangladesh ??

ACNV Brazil 1999

Casa Pequeno Davi Brazil 1997

Cunhã Coletivo Feminista Brazil 2006

Pastoral do Menor Brazil 1998

Social Pastoral Diocese of Ibagué Colombia 2000

AVISU Gambia 2008

FFHC Gambia 2004

GRCS Gambia 2003

MMAP Gambia 1999

NACCUG Gambia 2004

NATC Gambia 1996

NBAG Gambia 2005

SJFF Gambia 1993

Soul Talk Gambia 2005

TANGO Gambia 2006

TARUD Gambia 2003

WASDA Gambia 2006

WTG Gambia 2004

YAP Gambia 2004

ABOFAP Ghana 2008

PAPADEV Ghana 2005

PRONET Ghana 2004

SODIA Ghana 2006

ASED Guinea 2002

Ballal Guinée Guinea 2002

OCPH Guinea 1997

SRR Guinea 1997

UEG Guinea ??

LDoSt.J Kenya 2005

MAAP Kenya 2002

MCDA Kenya 2001

MPAP Kenya 2008

Partner Country

Partner since

WASDA Kenya 2005

WOKIKE Kenya 2005

BIDII Kenya 2010

OLSHO Kenya 2010?

Balaka DA Malawi 2004

Chiradzulu DA Malawi 2003

Dedza DA Malawi 1980s

MMCT Malawi 2006

Ntcheu DA Malawi 1980s

Phalombe DA Malawi 2006

Thyolo DA Malawi 2001

WESM Malawi 2006

Association of Blind and Partialy Sighted of Mozambique - ACAMO

Mozambique 2008

Association of PLWHA - KWIMUKA Mozambique 2004

Christian Counclil of Mozambique - CCM Mozambique 2000

HLUVUKU Mozambique 2006

Union of Farmers and Associations - UCA Mozambique 2001

Akpabuyo-Bakassi Green Movement (ABGREMO) Nigeria 2005

Cares Initiative (CI) Nigeria 2005

Cross River State Emergency Management Agency (SEMA)

Nigeria 2004

ARA Development in Nigeria (ARADIN) Nigeria 2008

Family Development Initiative (FDI) Nigeria 2008

Future Initiatives (FI) Nigeria 2008

Neighbourhood Initiative for Women Advancement (NIWA)

Nigeria 2006

GreenCode (Green Concern for the Environment) Nigeria ?

NGO Coalition for Environment (NGOCE) Nigeria 2008

Organisation for Rural and Community Development (RUCODEV)

Nigeria 2005

Survival Foundation Network (SUFON) Nigeria 2006

Women Youth Children Uplift Foundation (WYCUT) Nigeria 2006

Women's Rights Advancement and Protection Alternative (WRAPA)

Nigeria 2006

concern universal impact report 2010

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