conflict and compromise in the media a closer look at the amber alert
TRANSCRIPT
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CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
in The Media
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A Closer Look at the AMBER Alert
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Media Push
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Political Response to the Media
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Media Frenzy and Jaycee Dugard
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News Media in America
• Mass Media: Sources that provide information to average citizens on a day-to-day basis.
• Examples– Newspapers– Radio – Television – Internet
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The Beginning News Media in Early America:
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The Evolution of the American Press
• Penny press –Made newspapers available to more of the population.
• Wire service – An organization that gathers news and sells it to other media outlets.
• Yellow journalism – A style of newspaper featuring sensationalized stories, bold headlines, and illustrations.
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The Rise of Modern Media: More Technology—and Federal Regulation
• FCC – Created in 1934 to regulate American radio stations, and later expanded to regulate other broadcast media
• Broadcast media – Communications technologies, such as TV and radio, that transmit information over airwaves
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A Picture is Worth 1,000 Words
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Who Controls Mass Media? Deregulation
• media conglomerates – companies that control a large number of media sources across several types of media outlets.
• cross-ownership – The trend toward single-company ownership of several kinds of media
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Comparing News Sources
• Newspapers
• Magazines and Books
• Wire Services
• Television Broadcast News
• Cable Television
• AM Talk Radio
• Internet
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The Internet and Political Journalism
• News cycle - The time between the release of information and its publication.
• Mainstream media - Media sources that predate the Internet, such as newspapers, magazines, and broadcast news.
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How Media Works: Leaks, Shield Laws
• Leak – the release of classified or politically embarrassing information by a government employee to a member of the press.
• Shield Laws – Legislation, which exists in some states but not at the federal level, that gives reporters the right to refuse to name the sources of their information
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How media works: On press conferences, “off-the record” remarks
• press conferences – meetings held by politicians where they take questions from the media.
• on background/off the record – when politicians speak to single reporters and stipulate that they can be quoted, but not by name.
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The News Landscape
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Media usage trends
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Journalists’ Self Reported Ideologies
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Self-Reported Ideology of Journalists who cover politics & the economy
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Political Knowledge Levels by News Source
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Political Knowledge Levels by News Source
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Media Effects: How does media affect our political perceptions?
• Media effects – The influence of coverage on average citizens’ opinions and actions.
• Filtering – The influence on public opinion that results from journalists’ and editors’ decisions about which of many potential news stories to report.
• Slant – The imbalance in a story that covers one candidate or policy favorably without providing similar coverage of the other side.
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Measuring media effects
• Priming – The influence on the public’s general impressions caused by positive or negative coverage of a candidate or issue.
• Framing – The influence on public opinion caused by the way a story is presented or covered, including the details, explanations, and context offered in the report.
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Framing Effects
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Measuring Framing Effects
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Measuring Framing Effects
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Partisanship
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Media Effects
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How Journalists View Their Profession
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Assessing Media Coverage of American Politics
• Hostile media phenomenon – the idea that supporters of a candidate or issue tend to feel that media coverage is biased against their position.
• Attack journalism – A type of journalism where “bad news makes for good news,” “the mere whiff of a controversy or scandal is grounds for a story.”
• Horse race coverage – The type of election coverage that focuses more on poll results and speculation about a likely winner than on substantive differences between the candidates.
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Public Opinion Poll
Do you believe the media has a conservative or liberal bias, or no real political bias?
a) liberal biasb) conservative biasc) no real political bias
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Public Opinion Poll
When you watch the news on television, which broadcast station are you most likely to watch?
a) CNN
b) FOX
c) MSNBC
d) major network ABC/CBS/NBC news station
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Public Opinion Poll
During a typical week, how many days do you watch or read news, not including sports, on the Internet?
a) 0 days
b) 1–2 days
c) 3–4 days
d) 5 or more days
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Public Opinion Poll
“There should be limits on media criticism of the government during a time of war.” Do you agree with this statement?
a) Strongly agree
b) Agree
c) Disagree
d) Strongly Disagree
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Public Opinion Poll
Some nations restrict foreign ownership of major media outlets. Should the United States adopt such a policy?
a) Yes
b) No
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Chapter 6: The Media
• Practice quizzes
• Flashcards
• Outlines
wwnorton.com/studyspace
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Following this slide, you will find additional slides with photos, figures, and captions from the textbook.
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Media Sources
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What Difference Does the Internet Make?