Learning & Culture of the Middle Ages

Conflict & War The Crusades

Holy Wars for Jerusalem 1st Crusade: Pope UrbanGod wills it!2nd Crusade: Falls to Muslims 3rd Crusade: Richard the Lionheart & Saladin, City opens to Pilgrims4th Crusade: Christians fighting Christians in Constantinople, Muslims attack

Crusaders Capture Jerusalem Effects of the CrusadesExpanded economy & cultureMore power to Kings & PopesExplorationReconquista: Christians v. Muslims in SpainFerdinand and Isabella Inquisition crusade against Muslims and Jews, religious unity Revival of Learning & Culture of the Middle Ages

The High Middle AgesUniversities

Need better educated priests 5am-5pmWomen didnt attend Degree takes 12 years

Christine de Pisan: The City of LadiesScholasticism

Christianity could be proved with logical argument Influenced by Aristotle Thomas Aquinas: Summa TheologicaCombined Greek and Christian thought Debated issuesLiterature

Hero Epic-El Cid Romances:Song of Roland (Charlemagne)King Arthur The Canterbury TalesShows Medieval lifeVernacular: everyday language

Architecture

Gothic Style: Tall spires & Tall WindowsFlying Buttress

Reaching towards Heaven , City of GodRomanesque

Art

Illuminationdecoration of books or manuscripts Book of KellsDublin, IrelandTapestries

Functional artMedieval documentsBayeux TapestryWilliam the Conqueror Crisis! The Late Middle AgesThe Black DeathFatal disease that spreads thru Europe1/3 of population killedTerror among peopleEconomic downturn

ChurchWestern SchismTwo popes Rome v. Avignon

ChurchWycliffe & Hus call for reformFrustrated over corruptionBible > ChurchBible in English

100 Years WarFrance v. EnglandEconomic and land Early Eng. VictoriesBattle of Agincourt & Henry VBetter Weapons: LongbowJoan of ArcIncrease in military, trade, kings power