conservation for big cats project

8/6/2019 Conservation for Big Cats Project

1/37


2/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls C`k Gnyw

_slybgy dnei {mbsb c`k gnyw d`vb -mnc`ynyw)Jnhb dn{w nknèwy plngmèk$ pl`wleèk$ ysnppèk$ ècsbbièk$ ps`vnyb l{ebswm`p -neglreys )

Frei ne`jnd wnegyrns`bw -dnskb ngsbnkb fls c`k gnyw yl slnj)

[s yb wynyb dbk`wdnylsw yl pnww dn{w pslybgyèk c`k gnyw

Hbbp glreyw -wrsvb ) lf ne`jndw {`ym K_W,glddnsw

@ibey`f nei jle`yls m`km ps`ls`y ne`jnd plprdny`lew le {m`gm jjbi`nyb glewbsvny`lebfflsyw wmlrdi cb flgrwbi

Sbk`lend pdneeèk lf ne`jnd sbwbsvbw yl flwybs bgldlk`gnd gleebgy`v`y cby{bbe pslybgy`vbnsbnw ymslrkm sbwylsny`vb epryw {`ym èybksnybi dnei*rwb pdneeèk

Jnhb nei w`ke pby`y`lew sbknsièk c`k gny glewbsvny`le

Cne ylrs`wj yl ymb sbwbsvbw yl k`vb d`lew nei y`kbsw gmnegbw lf wrsv`vnd

Mnvb dn{ beflsgbjbey$ {`did`fb jle`ylsèk$ nei gljjre`y evldvbjbeyKlvbsejbey wby rp n ynwh flsgb yl ynghdb snjpney {`did`fb gs`jb nei wynjp lry plngmèknei gslww*clsibs begslngmjbey

[`did`fb glewbsvny`le kslrpw nei c`k gny wpbg`nd`wyw ebbi nib~rnyb sbwlrsgbw yl jle`ylssbwbsvbw nei beflsgb ney`*plngmèk dn{w

@egsbnwb gsnghil{e le ddbknd plngmèk

@egsbnwb pslybgy`le nei krnsièk lf sbwbsvbw egdrièk n sbirgy`le e `ddbknd f`sbw$ dlkkèk$mreyèk lf ymb c`k gnyw psb wpbg`bw

Gsbnyb jlsb sbwbsvbw$ egdrièk ymb alèèk ylkbymbs lf b}`wyèk sbwbsvbw


3/37

C`l*i`vbsw`y * N Gs`w`w

Bvbs in c`l*i`vbsw`y `w cbèk dlwy ny rp yl >$??? y`jbw ymb enyrsnd snyb% Wljb lf ymbymsbnyw fls ym`w gs`w`w nsb8 b}yègy`le lf èi`vìrnd wpbg`bw$ mnc`yny ibwysrgy`le$ dneiglevbsw`le fls nks`grdyrsb nei ibvbdlpjbey$ gd`jnyb gmnekb$ plddry`le nei ymb wpsbni lfèvnw`vb wpbg`bw% Wljb lf ymb jlwy ymsbnybeèk evnw`vb wpbg`bw gne mnppbe ibd`cbsnybd lsreèybey`lendd $ fls b}njpdb$ c lskne`wjw m`ygm*m`hèk è gleynèbsw$ wm`pw$ gnsw ls wl`d%Mnc`yny dlww nei ibksniny`le nffbgyw =6" lf ndd ymsbnybebi c`siw$ =6" lf ymb ymsbnybebijnjjndw nwwbwwbi nei ==" lf ymb ymsbnybebi njpm`c`new%

Ymb ncreinegb lf ndd wpbg`bw ibgdèbi c 9?" cby{bbe >0;?*3???%

Lvbs ymb pnwy ibgnib ndleb$ ebnsd 6? j`dd`le mbgynsbw -37>$66> w~% j`%) lf ps`jns flsbwy-ègdrièk ldi*ksl{ym ysbbw ymny pslvìb ymb cnw`w lf jne flsbwy bglw wybjw) mnvb cbbedlwy%

[b mrjnew gleyèrb yl is`vb wpbg`bw b}yègy ny rp yl >$??? y`jbw ymb enyrsnd snyb$ {m`gm`w reibsjèèk ymb wync`d`y lf bglw wybjw ngslww ymb pdneby nei ymbsbc ymsbnybeèk lrsl{e {bdd*cbèk%

>7 j`dd`le mbgynsbw -2?$>07 w~% j`%) lf ymb {lsdiw flsbwyw nsb dlwy irb yl ibflsbwyny`le bngm

bns%Yl sbirgb ymb i`sbgy psbwwrsbw le c`l*i`vbsw`y ,psljlyb wrwynèncdb rwb ymb klnd `w b`ymbsmndvèk ls csèkèk gdlwb yl qbsl ymb snyb lf dlww$ ibksniny`le nei fsnkjbeyny`le lf enyrsndmnc`ynyw%


4/37

Nrkrwy >> 3?>?

[GW -[`did`fb Glewbsvny`le Wlg`by ) gleirgybi Rkneinw f`swy bvbs gnse`vlsb wrsvb % Ymbglreys w d`lew mnvb ibgdèbi c ndjlwy 9? pbsgbey è dbww ymne n ibgnib% Led 9>2 lf ymbc`k gnyw sbjnè è ymb eby{lsh lf eny`lend pnshw% @e ymb dnskbwy lf ymbj ndd$ Jrsgm`wle FnddwE%_%$ arwy >73 sbjnè%

@GRE Sbi D`wy lf Ymsbnybebi Wpbg`bw * [`di gny wpbg`bw nsb ksnirndd cbgljèk b}yègy.

D`le*Vrdebsncdb$ Y`kbs*Beinekbsbi -G`ybw Nppbe @)$ Wrjnysne Y`kbs*Gs`y`gnd$ Dblpnsi*EbnsYmsbnybebi -G`ybw Nppbe @)$ Ankrns*Ebns Ymsbnybebi -G`ybw Nppbe @)$ Gmbbynm*Vrdebsncdb-G`ybw Nppbe @*Nw`n led )

Nppbei`} @ d`wyw wpbg`bw ymny nsb ymb jlwy beinekbsbi njlek G@YBW*d`wybi ne`jndw neipdneyw Ymb nsb ymsbnybebi {`ym b}yègy`le nei G@YBW pslm`c`yw eybseny`lend ysnib ewpbg`jbew lf ymbwb wpbg`bw b}gbpy {mbe ymb prsplwb lf ymb `jplsy `w ely gljjbsg`nd$ flsèwynegb fls wg`bey`f`g sbwbnsgm% @e ymbwb b}gbpy`lend gnwbw$ ysnib jn ynhb pdngb pslvìbi`y `w nrymls`qbi c ymb ksneyèk lf clym ne `jplsy pbsj`y nei ne b}plsy pbsj`y -ls sb*b}plsygbsy`f`gnyb)%


5/37

Ymsbnyw Yl C`k Gnyw

Regleyslddbi mrjne plprdny`le ksl{ym e ymlwb glreys`bw {mbsb ymb jnals`y lf {`di gnywpbg`bw d`vb bslibw {`di gny mnc`yny% [b wmlrdi ely d`vb wìb c wìb {`ym {`di gnyw% @y `w nylyndd jpsngy`gnd nssnekbjbey {`ym el wldry`le%

N ksbny ymsbny yl {`di gny wpbg`bw pnsy`grdnsd ymb y`kbs w Gmèbwb jbi`gèb% Ymb eksbi`beywfls `y nsb ngyrnd cli pnsyw lf y`kbsw nei lymbs snsb ne`jndw% Wrcwy`yrybw nsb nvn`dncdb cryely nd{n w rwbi% Ymb Cbeknd y`kbs `w beinekbsbi nei pslybgybi reibs G@YBW Glevbey`le -ncne lf cli pnsyw)$ cry ymbsb `w n dngh lf gljj`yjbey yl beflsgbjbey%

Y`kbs nei d`le clebw cbèk rwbi yl jnhb {èb è Gmèn% Csb{bsw nsb `jplsyèk d`le clebwfslj Wlrym Nfs`gn nw n dbkndd lcynèncdb nei gmbnpbs wrcwy`yryb fls y`kbs clebw% Jbsgmneywnsb jlwyd kbyyèk ymb`s wrppd`bw reibs klvbsejbey pbsj`y fslj mreyèk fnsjw le {m`gmgnpy`vb*csbi d`lew nsb sbdbnwbi yl cb wmly nw yslpm`bw%

Fbcsrns 3 3?>?

[lsdiw ylp psbinylsw mnvb cbbe kreebi il{e$ pl`wlebi$ wpbnsbi$ nei ibg`jnybi ngslwwymb`s mnc`ynyw% Bvbe {mbsb dnskb nsbnw lf mnc`yny nsb pslybgybi$ ylp psbinylsw nsb lfybej`wwèk% _sbinylsw nsb v`ynd yl bglw wybjw$ gleysld plpw lf psb ne`jndw$ gleysld wjnddbs

psbinylsw$ pslybgy s`vbs cnehw fslj bslw`le nei pslvìb erys`bey mly wplyw% Ylp psbinylswnsb èi`wpbewncdb yl n {lshèk bglw wybj nei w`y ny ne npb} lf ne bglw wybjw flli gmnè%

Y`kbsw nsb le ymb bikb lf b}yègy`le$ gdnww`f`bi nw Beinekbsbi c @RGE Sbi D`wy% Y{l lf ymbw`} wrsv`vèk wrcwpbg`bw lf y`kbs nsb glewìbsbi Gs`y`gndd Beinekbsbi% Y`kbs plprdny`lew nsbislppèk è clym @ei`n nei Srww`n%

Lymbs ylp psbinylsw le ymb bikb lf b}yègy`le1

Ymb Njrs dblpnsi$ ymb @eil Gmèbwb y`kbs$ ymb Nsnc`ne dblpnsi$ ymb Anvne dblpnsi$ nei ymbNw`ny`g gmbbynm glrdi ndd vne`wm irsèk ym`w gbeyrs % @e wljb pnsyw lf ymb {lsdi$ plprdny`lewlf dnskb jnjjnd`ne gnse`vlsbw mnvb islppbi n wynkkbsèk 02*00 pbsgbey.

Ymb ibgdèb è wrsv`vèk ysbbw nei ymb dlww lf pnsy`grdns wpbg`bw lf pdneyw irb yl psbinylsdlww gne mnvb vns`bi `jpngyw le ymb bglw wybj$ nffbgyèk bvbs ymèk fslj bslw`le yl f`sb%


6/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls Njrs Dblpnsiw

[`ym led nclry 7? Njrs dblpnsiw nei 92? Njrs y`kbsw dbfy è ymb {`di$ ymbwb nsb y{l lf ymbjlwy beinekbsbi c`k gnyw le bnsym% NDYN `w `jpdbjbeyèk n {ìb vns`by lf pslabgyw yl wnvbymbwb jnke`f`gbey gsbnyrsbw fslj b}yègy`le%

_lngmèk `w wrgm n wbs`lrw ymsbny yl clym lf ymb Njrs c`k gnyw ymny NDYN mnw yl wrpplsy nerjcbs lf ybnjw {ml {lsh yl psbvbey ym`w plngmèk% Ymbsb nsb ybnjw glvbsèk clym ymb

mnc`ynyw lf ymb Njrs y`kbs nei ymb Njrs dblpnsi%

Njrs dblpnsiw wrffbs in`d s`whw fslj1 plngmèk -nei plngmèk lf ymb`s psb $ d`hb ibbs)$flsbwy*f`sbw {m`gm sbirgb ymb`s mnc`yny$ besnkbi fnsjbsw {mbe d`vbwylgh h`ddbi c y`kbsw neidblpnsiw%

Sbwbnsgm `w n v`ynd ylld fls ymb glewbsvny`le j`} cbgnrwb `y èflsjw ndd lymbs ibg`w`lew *sbwbnsgm flgrwbw le ymb dblpnsi%

Ymbsb wy`dd b}`wy dnskb ysngyw lf flsbwy {m`gm nsb ìbnd dblpnsi mnc`yny% @f ymbwb nsbnw nsbpslybgybi fslj dlkkèk gljpne`bw ymbsb `w n gmnegb yl ègsbnwb {`di dblpnsi erjcbsw%Ml{bvbs$ ymb Njrs dblpnsi dlwy =?" lf `yw snekb è ymb >7 bnsw fslj >0;?*>0=7 nei dlkkèk`wey ymb led ymsbny yl ymb Njrs dblpnsi mnc`yny%

Ymb jnè ymsbnyw yl Srww`nw c`li`vbsw`y nei dnskb gnse`vlsbw nsb lvbsmreyèk lf psbwpbg`bw wrgm nw ibbs nei {`di clns8 plngmèk fls whèw nei cli pnsyw rwbi è ysni`y`lendGmèbwb jbi`gèb8 nei mnc`yny dlww% Ymb dnyybs ymsbny sbwrdyw fslj dlkkèk$ f`sbw wby cpblpdb$ nei ibvbdlpjbey% Mrjnew i`sbgyd gnrwb ;2 yl =2 pbsgbey lf y`kbs ibnymw% Ymb yèplprdny`le lf dblpnsiw `w ymsbnybebi c n dngh lf kbeby`g i`vbsw`y $ èyslirgbi i`wbnwbw$ neignynwyslpm`g bvbeyw%


7/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls Njrs -W`cbs`ne) Y`kbs

Gbewrw plprdny`le w`qb lf Njrs y`kbsw `w gdlwbs yl 2?? èi`vìrndw$ cry ymb plprdny`le `wcbmnvèk d`hb n w`qb lf 3; yl 72 èi`vìrndw% Ymnyw ymb dl{bwy kbeby`g i`vbsw`y bvbssbglsibi fls n plprdny`le lf y`kbsw%

Ymb bffbgy`vb plprdny`le w`qb w dl{bs ymne ymb gbewrw w`qb% Ymb sbjnèèk Njrs y`kbsw nsbwbksbknybi eyl y{l plprdny`lew ymny snsbd èybsjèkdb%

Ymb gnpy`vb pslksnj mnw ileb n klli alc lf psbwbsvèk ymb kbeby`g i`vbsw`y lf ymbwrcwpbg`bw% Wègb `y `w hel{e {m`gm èi`vìrndw plwwbww {m`gm kbeb vns`neyw$ jnenkbsw {`ddcb ncdb yl wbdbgy`vbd csbbi yl mbdp psbwbsvb ymb re`~rb nei snsb kbeb vns`neyw% Ym`wvns`ny`le jn cb rwbi yl sb*èfrwb ymb {`di plprdny`le wljb y`jb è ymb fryrsb `fsbèyslirgy`le wysnybk`bw nsb ibbjbi {nssneybi%

Ymb Njrs Y`kbs _slksnjjb -YNY_)Njrs Y`kbs _slksnjjb yl sbwbnsgm ymb Njrs y`kbs è Srww`n+w Fns Bnwy leklèk b}pbi`y`le ylwyri ne`jndw ymny mnvb cbbe pdngbi le Srww`n+w Sbi D`wy lf Ymsbnybebi Wpbg`bw nei lymbspnsy`grdnsd jplsyney wpbg`bw lf ne`jndw e Srww`n%

YNY_ n`jw yl ibvbdlp n wg`bey`f`g pdnyflsj fls ymb glewbsvny`le lf ymb Njrs y`kbs d`vèk èSrww`n+w Fns Bnwy%

YNY_ _slksnjjb Lcabgy`vbw fls Njrs Y`kbs1Wyri i`wys`cry`le snekb lf plprdny`lew8 ymb erjcbs nei j`ksny`le slrybw nei ymb {n ymbwbc`k gnyw rwb ymb`s sbpslirgy`vb c`ldlk $ mnc`yny$ fbbièk pnyybsew nei flli sbwlrsgbw$ ymbi`wys`cry`le nei i enj`gw lf ymb plprdny`lew lf ymb jnè psb wpbg`bw nei ymb y`kbs+wsbdny`lewm`pw {`ym s`vnd psbinylsw% Yl knè n jlsb ibyn`dbi èw`kmy èyl ymb y`kbsw+ nc`d`y ylninpy yl ymb bvbs*gmnekèk glei`y`lew lf ymb jlibse bev`slejbey$ wg`bey`wy ebbi yl

sbwbnsgm ymb`s mnc`yny wysrgyrsb nei nend qb ymb dlek*ybsj ysbeiw psbvndbey e Srww`n+w FnsBnwy flsbwy bglw wybjw%


8/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls Dblpnsiw nei Gmbbynmw

Nfs`Gny Flreiny`le srew ymb dnskbwy gmbbynm nei dblpnsi sbwgrb*nei*sbdbnwb pslksnj e ymb{lsdi%

@e ymb dnwy >; bnsw lvbs >??? lf ymbwb psbinylsw mnvb cbbe sbwgrbi {`ym lvbs =2" cbèksbdbnwbi cngh èyl ymb {`di%

Enj`c`n `w w`yrnybi ndlek ymb Wlrym [bwy glnwy lf Nfs`gn nei glvbsw ne nsbn lf 73>$2?? w~%j`% Ndd sbk`lew lf Enj`c`n nsb plprdnybi {`ym {`did`fb$ egdrièk dnskb gnse`vlsbw$ ndymlrkmplprdny`le erjcbsw vns isnjny`gndd è i`ffbsbey pnsyw lf ymb glreys %

Enj`c`n `w mljb yl nppsl}`jnybd 32" lf ymb {lsdi+w gmbbynm plprdny`le lf {m`gm 0?" d`vble fnsjdnei% Enj`c`n+w lymbs dnskb gnse`vlsbw$ enjbd $ dblpnsiw$ d`lew$ {`di ilkw nei csl{enei wplyybi m benw$ nsb ely cbd`bvbi yl glew`wy lf wrgm dnskb pbsgbeynkbw lf ymb {lsdi+wplprdny`le%

Nfs`Gny w ngy`vb ymslrkmlry Enj`c`n% Ymb lskne`qny`le lpbsnybw fslj 3 dlgny`lew$ leb leLhlea`jn è gbeysnd Enj`c`n$ ebns ymb yl{e lf Lya`{nslekl nei ymb wbglei$ hel{e nwNfs`Gny Elsym$ fslj Hnslww$ clsibsèk Bylwmn Eny`lend _nsh%


9/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls Gmbbynmw

Gmbbynmw nsb jlsb erjbslrw e Enj`c`n ymne ne {mbsb bdwb% Ym`w glrdi gmnekb nw 02" lfymbj nsb flrei lrywìb lf pslybgybi sbwbsvbw le gljjbsg`nd d`vbwylgh fnsjdneiw% @eEnj`c`n$ {`did`fb cbdlek yl ymb dneil{ebs%

Ymb klnd `w yl wbgrsb ymb dlek*ybsj wrsv`vnd lf ymb gmbbynm nei `yw bglw wybj ymslrkm jrdy`*i`wg`pdèbi$ eybksnybi pslksnjw e sbwbnsgm$ glewbsvny`le nei birgny`le% Ym`w sbwbnsgmn`jw nsb yl pslvìb ymb cnwbdèb inyn nei dlek*ybsj wyri`bw ebgbwwns yl reibswynei fngylswnffbgyèk ymb gmbbynmw wrsv`vnd le ymbwb fnsjdneiw nei yl ibvbdlp pld`g`bw nei pslksnjw ylwrwynè Enj`c`ne gmbbynm plprdny`lew%


10/37


11/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls D`lew

Wbpybjcbs 7$ 3??0 * [`did`fb I`sbgy nei Clse Fsbb Flreiny`le alèbi è ymb lff`g`nd dnregmlf ymb _sìb lf Hbe n gnjpn`ke ny ymb En`slc` Enyd _h% Yl ym`w gnjpn`ke [`did`fb I`sbgywgndd `w yl mnvb ndd gnsclfrsnew*bwpbg`ndd Frsnine$ n dbymnd nks`grdyrsnd pbwy`gìb ymny `wcbmèi ymb ibnym lf ;2 d`lew è ymb dnwy 9 bnsw*cneebi è Hbe n%

3$>?? d`lew sbjnèèk è Hbe n%

Hbe nw d`le plprdny`le `w ibgdèèk ny ne ndnsjèk pngb nei gd`jnyb gmnekb$ mnc`ynyibwysrgy`le nei glefd`gy {`ym mrjnew mnvb cbbe ymb hb is`vbsw fls ym`w psbg`p`ylrw fndd èerjcbsw%

Nrkrwy >;$ 3??0 * Hbe n [`did`fb Wbsv`gb -H[W) wn w Hbe nw d`le plprdny`le mnw cbbeibgdèèk c ne nvbsnkb >?? ne`jndw pbs bns è ymb dnwy ; bnsw nei el{ wyneiw ny n d`yydblvbs 3$??? ei`vìrndw% @e ymb >0;?w ymbsb {bsb nclry 7?$??? d`lew e Hbe n% Ym`w ibgdèbsnyb jbnew d`lew {`dd cbgljb b}yègy è Hbe n è arwy 3 ibgnibw%

Nfs`gn mnw dlwy >=?$??? d`lew è ymb pnwy 7? bnsw ndleb irb yl mnc`yny dlww$ mreyèk neih`ddèk rwèk pl`wlew% Ymny `w n ibgdèb lf 0?" lf ymb d`le plprdny`le%

Mreyèk Fnsjw Nslrei Ymb Glreys

Irsèk Areb nei Ard bvbs bns$ ne èybseny`lend bvbey è Wlrym Nfs`gn lffbsw fllycndd fnewymb lpplsyre`y yl cnk {`di ne`jndw le jne lf ymb knjb snegmbw fls y{l ibgnibw%

Snegm l{ebsw nei mreyèk lpbsnylsw nsb plghbyèk fslj yslpm mreyèk$ bwpbg`ndd lf d`lew%Ymb nsb knèèk flsb`ke grssbeg $ bwpbg`ndd R%W% ilddnsw%

Wljb gnwbw `y gljbw il{e yl gneebi mreyèk ymb psngy`gb {mbsbc ne`jndw csbi ègnpy`v`y kby sbdbnwbi èyl begdlwbi nsbnw lf n d`j`ybi w`qb {mbsb ymb`s ysrwy lf mrjnewjnhbw ymbj bnw ynskbyw% Wljb mreybsw rwb cl{w nei nssl{w yl h`dd ymb`s psb % @e wljbgnwbw ymb ne`jndw nsb isrkkbi$ jnhèk ymbj w`yyèk ynskbyw yl ymb en`vb mreybsw {ml nsbrskbi yl wmlly wmlly. nw ymb mbdpdbww gsbnyrsbw nsb nclry yl bwgnpb% @e ym`w {n ymbmreybsw nsb nwwrsbi lf wny`wfngy`le nei ymb lpbsnylsw lf ymb`s jleb %

Ymb Ksl{èk Ysnib Lf D`le Clebw

Jbsgmneyw nsb jlwyd kbyyèk ymb`s wrppd`bw reibs klvbsejbey pbsj`y fslj mreyèk fnsjw le{m`gm gnpy`vb*csbi d`lew nsb sbdbnwbi yl cb wmly nw yslpm`bw -wbb mreyèk fnsjw nclvb)% Nwymb ysnib ksl{w$ `y glrdi dbni yl ndsbni beinekbsbi d`le plprdny`lew è ymb {`di kbyyèkplngmbi fls ymb`s clebw%

Nelymbs {lss `w ymny `y glrdi wbsvb nw frsymbs beglrsnkbjbey yl ymb gljjbsg`nd d`le*csbbièk èirwys {m`gm ymb klvbsejbey `w ys èk yl grsc cbgnrwb lf ymb cni `jnkb `y

gsbnybw lf n glreys ymny mnw ylrs`wj$ pnsy`grdnsd enyrsb ylrs`wj$ nw `yw fnwybwy ksl{èkèirwys %

Ym`w ysbei niibi {`ym ne`jnd wpbg`bw e Wlrym Nfs`gn cbèk reibs ymsbny fslj plngmbswgnwmèk è le beirsèk$ ps`j`y`vb cbd`bfw ymny ymb pm w`gnd nyys`crybw lf ne`jndw gne cbng~r`sbi c èkbwyèk ymb`s cli pnsyw%


12/37

Ynhèk Ngy`le Yl Wnvb Ymb D`le

Ymbsb nsb 3?$??? d`lew% D`lew mnvb cbbe wmly$ wpbnsbi$ ysnppbi$ nei pl`wlebi% Ymb`smnc`ynyw mnvb cbbe gmlppbi rp$ èyslirgbi i`wbnwbw% Mrjnew nsb w{njpèk ymbj c lrswmbbs erjcbsw% Ymb 3?$??? d`lew gdèk yl ymb dnwy sbjnèèk mnc`yny lrs ; c`dd`le pblpdbmnvb ely by kly yl%

Ym`w ysnk`g dlww lf d`lew `w ne bjbskbeg nei ebbi yl YNHB NGY@LE EL[.... Lymbs{`wb {b{`dd ysnk`gndd {`yebww ymb b}yègy`le lf {`di d`lew c 3?3?% Ym`w b}yègy`le lf d`lew {`dd gnrwbn gnwgnib lf bgldlk`gnd `jpngyw% Ymb f`swy `jpngy {lrdi cb ne ègsbnwb è wljb lf ymb d`le+wpsb $ wrgm nw {`dibcbbwy nei crffndl$ {m`gm {`dd ndwl cbgljb dbww ndbsy nei dbww ngy`vb èymb ncwbegb lf n fbnswljb psbinyls% Ymbwb dnskbs$ jlsb wynkeney plprdny`lew lf mbsc`vlsbwglrdi lvbsksnqb ymb`s mnc`yny$ dbnièk yl wl`d bslw`le ymny è yrse gnrwbw plls {nybs ~rnd`yil{ewysbnj nei nìw ymb èvnw`le lf {bbiw nei b}ly`g pdney wpbg`bw% Fèndd ymb cdlnybiplprdny`lew lf psb glrdi glddnpwb nw ymb ibksnibi mnc`yny gne el dlekbs wrpplsy ymbj%Ymbsb {lrdi cb bglelj`g nei wlg`nd glwyw yl pblpdb yll% @e Kmnen$ fls b}njpdb$ {mbe f`wmwylghw ibgdèbi nei jbe yrsebi yl jbny plngmèk yl fbbi ymb`s fnj`d`bw$ ymb {`pbi lry ymbgljpby`y`le fls knjb$ d`lew$ nei wynsybi gm`ppèk n{n ny {`did`fb plprdny`lew% Nw n sbwrdylf ymb i`wnppbnsnegb lf psbinylsw$ cncllew kly cldibs nei ymb`s erjcbsw b}pdlibi% @e yrse$ymbwb cldibs nei jlsb erjbslrw cncllew wynsybi snìèk gslp fnsjw nei nyynghèk fnsjbsw%

Sbwbnsgm èi`gnybw ymny `f c`k gnyw {bsb el dlekbs fbnyrsbi le ymny isbnj wnfns`$ fns fb{bspblpdb {lrdi gljb yl Nfs`gn% [`ymlry ymb =? c`dd`le neernd sbvberb wysbnj gljjre`y`bwnei wljb klvbsejbeyw {lrdi wynsy fn`dèk nei plvbsy {lrdi ègsbnwb% Ymb c`kkbwy ynwh {bmnvb `w glevègèk pblpdb ymny ymlwb h`ddbs gnyw nsb dlvncdb nei `jplsyney% Ym`w `w bwpbg`nddi`ff`grdy glevègèk pblpdb d`vèk le ymb bikb è d`le glreys {ml reibswyneincd fèi `yi`ff`grdy yl cb yldbsney lf 9??*plrei psbinylsw ymny crswy lry ny n mbsi lf crffndl$ ls gnyydb$ny 72 jpm nei glddìb {`ym n cleb*csbnhèk flsgb% @y `w mnsi fls ymbwb pblpdb yl beal d`lewymb {n lymbsw il% @y `w d`hb ybddèk ymbj lr ebbi yl dlwb ymb lii fnj`d jbjcbs$ gl{ lsflsf`by lrs d`vbd`mlli%

Yslpm mreyèk ebbiw yl cb cneebi$ bwpbg`ndd {mbe ymb ynskby `w leb lf ymb dnwy 9$2?? jndb

d`lew le Bnsym {`ym m`km*pl{bsbi s`fdbw jbsbd yl wbsvb ymb pdbnwrsb lf bkl$ wplsy$ neipl{bs%

Bngm bns ne nvbsnkb lf nclry 2?? d`le yslpm`bw ls whèw beybs ymb Re`ybi Wynybw fsljyslpm mreyèk e Nfs`gn% Ym`w w ely wrwynèncdb% Cbgnrwb jndb d`lew lpbsnyb e glnd`y`lew lf3 ls 7$ bngm jndb d`le ymny `w wmly dbnvbw ymb sbjnèèk jndb lryjnygmbi è ymb eb}yybss`yls`nd f`kmy$ nei mb `w b}pbddbi% Ymbsb `w el fryrsb fls b}pbddbi d`lew% Wl leb d`gbegbbffbgy`vbd h`ddw 3 jndbw% Ny ymb wnjb y`jb m`w = fbjndbw -le nvbsnkb) nei ymb`s 39 grcw nsbdbfy {`ymlry ibfbeibsw% Ymb eb{ ndpmn jndbw nsb kbeby`gndd {`sbi yl h`dd ndd grcw nei wynsyymb csbbièk nknè {`ym ymb`s kbebw% Wl leb d`gbewb `w sbndd gdbneèk lry cby{bbe 3? nei 7?d`lew bngm y`jb b}njpdb1 2?? d`gbewbw bffbgy`vbd h`dd d`lew ny ne belsjlrw snyb.


13/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls Nw`ny`g D`lew

720 dbfy è {`di -K`s Enyd _h) Nps`d 3?>?

N f`vb bnsd glegbewrw ny Nps`d 3?>? {`dd wml{ ymbsb `w n plprdny`le lf 9?? è ymb pnsh @GRESbi D`wy lf ymsbnybebi wpbg`bw * ymbsb nsb nppsl}`jnybd >;2 jnyrsb èi`vìrndw% 79 ne`jndw{bsb sbplsybi h`ddbi è 3??; -Anghwle 3??=)

;3 mnvb i`bi è ymb pnwy 3 bnsw%

Nw`ny`g d`lew lggrp`bw ymb K`s Flsbwy wnegyrns è elsym bnwy @ei`n$ è ymb wynyb lf Kransny%Ymb Wnrsnwmysn sbk`le lf Kransny `w ymb led nclib lf Nw`ny`g d`lew ylin % Sbi D`wy * ym`w`wldnybi plprdny`le b}ybeiw cb lei ymb clreins`bw lf ymb wnegyrns -6>; w~ j` è nsbn *>$0=6 j` )% Ym`w nsbn `w n is ybnh flsbwy%

[`ym ymb bey`sb {`di plprdny`le lf Nw`ny`g d`lew glefèbi yl arwy leb nsbn$ ymny plprdny`le `wm`kmd vrdebsncdb yl ne hèi lf c`ldlk`gnd$ gd`jngy`g ls jne*jnib gnynwyslpmb% N jnalsi`wnwybs {`ymè ymb K`s _N glrdi {`pb lry ymb bey`sb wrcwpbg`bw ny n wyslhb% D`hb{`wb ni`wbnwb lrycsbnh glrdi ibg`jnyb ymb d`le plprdny`le% [`ymlry ymb plww`c`d`y lfysnewdlgny`le ymb K`s d`le plprdny`le `w ny s`wh%


14/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls Y`kbsw

>00?w$ 7$2?? y`kbs plprdny`le% Ml{bvbs ymb`s erjcbsw mnvb islppbi 0?" è ymb pnwymreisbi bnsw% 3??= gbewrw mbdi c Klvbsejbey lf @ei`n sbvbndbi ymny ymb y`kbs plprdny`leislppbi yl >$9>>%

Ny ymb yrse lf ymb >0ym gbeyrs $ ymb y`kbs plprdny`le è @ei`n nclry 92$???% >0;3$ led>$=3;%

Fb{bs ymne 7$2?? y`kbsw sbjnè è ymb {`di$ lf {m`gm led nclry >$??? nsb csbbièkfbjndbw% Ymbsb nsb nclry 93 y`kbs wlrsgb w`ybw$ {m`gm nsb w`ybw ymny gleynè csbbièkplprdny`lew lf y`kbsw nei mnvb ymb plybey`nd yl wbbi ymb sbglvbs lf y`kbsw ngslww {ìbsdneiwgnpbw%

@ei`n `w ymb jlwy `jplsyney glreys fls y`kbsw {`ym >= wlrsgb w`ybw% Wrjnysn$ = wlrsgb w`ybw$Srww`n Fns Bnwy$ 6 wlrsgb w`ybw%

Ymbwb w`ybw mnvb dn{ beflsgbjbey$ {`did`fb jle`ylsèk$ gljjre`y evldvbjbey$ nei lymbsfngylsw% Jrgm lf ymbwb nsb pslvìbi c snekb wynyb klvbsejbeyw$ wrppdbjbeybi cèybseny`lend wrpplsy% Nclry 72 j`dd`le w ebbibi yl eybew`f pslvbe jbymliw lfpslybgy`le nei jle`ylsèk le ymb kslrei%

N hb klnd fls rw `w yl mbdp ìbey`f ymb jlwy bff`g`bey pnym fls{nsi wl glreys`bw gne ngm`bvbymb`s kdlcnd c`l*i`vbsw`y glewbsvny`le lcabgy`vbw% @e wp`yb lf ibgnibw lf bfflsy cglewbsvny`le`wy$ y`kbsw gleyèrb yl cb ymsbnybebi c lvbs mreyèk lf clym y`kbsw nei ymb`spsb $ nei c dlww nei fsnkjbeyny`le lf mnc`yny% Jrgm lf ymb ibgdèb `w cbèk is`vbe c ymbibjnei fls y`kbs cli pnsyw rwbi e ysni`y`lend jbi`gèbw%

[`did`fb glewbsvny`le nei mnc`yny pslybgy`le nsb ymb hb yl ymb beinekbsbi y`kbsw wrsv`vnd%Bglelj`gnd nei pld`y`gnd g`sgrjwynegbw {`ymè jne lf ymb y`kbs glreys`bw ndwl sb~r`sbnyybey`le nei èybseny`lend wrpplsy% Leb lf ymb jlwy ymsbny yl y`kbsw `w ymb injnei neijnshby fls y`kbs pnsyw è ysni`y`lend Gmèbwb jbi`gèb% Ndwl$ y`kbs fnsjw nsb nelymbs isnwy`gymsbny yl y`kbsw%

Kdlcnd Y`kbs Flsrj lf Snekb Wynybw csèkw ylkbymbs sbpsbwbeyny`vbw fslj >9 sbjnèèk y`kbssnekb*glreys`bw yl ibvbdlp sbk`lend wysnybk`bw yl wnvb ymb y`kbs% Ymb`s v`ynd bfflsyw nsb ylsbirgb ymb ibjnei fls y`kbs pnsyw nei wysbekymbe pslybgybi*nsbn dn{w fls {`did`fbglewbsvny`le nei pslybgy`le {m`gm sbjnèw ny ymb mbnsy lf ymb wysnybk yl wnvb ymb y`kbs èymb {`di.

Wysnybk

@ibey`f nei jle`yls m`km ps`ls`y y`kbs plprdny`lew le {m`gm jjbi`nyb glewbsvny`lebfflsyw wmlrdi cb flgrwbi%

Y`kbs yl wrsv`vb è ymb {`di1 dnskb nsbn lf mnc`yny {`ym wrff`g`bey {nybs yl isèh$ ne`jndw ylbny$ vbkbyny`vb glvbs fls mreyèk% Lpy`jnd y`kbs mnc`yny ègdribw n glsb nsbn lf ny dbnwy 7=6w~% j`% ymny `w fsbb fslj jlwy mrjne ngy`v`y`bw%

Wg`bey`wyw gne dlgnyb hb y`kbs plprdny`lew c wrsvb èk mnc`ynyw ymny jbby ymb dlek*ybsjbgldlk`gnd sb~r`sbjbeyw lf y`kbsw% Wpbg`nd`wyw jrwy ndwl jpslvb sbwbnsgm jbymliw lfknymbsèk v`ynd eflsjny`le le y`kbs cbmnv`ls nei bgldlk fls ymb ibvbdlpjbey lf dlek*ybsjwldry`lew%


15/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls Y`kbsw Gleyi

Wysnybk Gleyi

Jnenkb hb y`kbs mnc`yny fls ymb pslybgy`le lf y`kbsw% Le*ymb*kslrei pslybgy`le w bwwbey`ndyl pslybgy y`kbsw fslj plngmbsw wbbhèk y`kbs pnsyw fls ymb pslf`yncdb jnshby è ysni`y`lendGmèbwb jbi`gèb% Beflsgbjbey lff`gbsw$ pnsh krnsiw$ nei wynff ebbi yl cb m`sbi$ freibi$lskne`qbi$ ysnèbi$ b~r`ppbi nei dbkndd be*pl{bsbi yl pslybgy ymb y`kbs fslj `ddbkndmreybsw$ in nei e`kmy%

Ibvbdlp gljjre`y *cnwbi wrwynèncdb ibvbdlpjbey nei glewbsvny`le pslksnjw% @ei`vìrndsrsnd mlrwbmldiw {mlwb d`vbd`mlliw ibpbei le rwb lf ymb flsbwyw {mbsb y`kbsw d`vb$ `wbwwbey`nd yl wrwynè ne bffbgy`vb y`kbs glewbsvny`le wysnybk %

Birgny`lend glewbsvny`le pslksnjw nsb ebbibi yl èflsj$ bjpl{bs nei èwp`sb dlgndgljjre`y`bw yl pnsy`g`pnyb è ymb pslybgy`le lf ymb y`kbs% Birgnyb glewrjbsw nslrei ymb{lsdi ymny glewbsvny`le bfflsyw ny mljb mbdp sbirgb ymb ibjnei fls enyrsnd sbwlrsgbwncslni%

Gnpy`vb Csbbièk

Glewbsvny`le kslrpw nei y`kbs wpbg`nd`wyw nsb sbwbnsgmèk y`kbs erys`y`le$ mbndym$ neisbpslirgy`le nei qll fng`d`y`bw nei jnenkbjbey wl ymny qll y`kbsw {`dd csbbi fryrsbkbebsny`lew lf mbndym grcw%

Gnpy`vb*csbbièk pslksnjw wrgm nw KNW_ -Kdlcnd Ne`jnd Wrsv`vnd _dne) nsb n pnsy lf jnhèkwrsb ymbsb w gnpy`vb*csbbièk yl jnèynè n sbwbsvl`s lf kbeby`g jnybs`nd le y`kbsw%

Qllw pslvìb ewrsnegb nknèwy wrgm dlek*ybsj ymsbnyw nw kbeby`g ibybs`lsny`le ymny glrdinffbgy ymb wjndd plprdny`lew lf y`kbsw dbfy è fsnkjbeybi sbwbsvbw%

[`did`fb glewbsvny`le kslrpw nei y`kbs wpbg`nd`wyw ebbi nib~rnyb sbwlrsgbw yl jle`ylssbwbsvbw nei beflsgb ney`*plngmèk dn{w%

_sbwbsvny`le`wy Nppslngm Fls Y`kbsw

Sbk`lend pdneeèk lf Y`kbs Sbwbsvbw yl flwybs bgldlk`gnd gleebgy`v`y cby{bbe pslybgy`vbnsbnw ymslrkm sbwylsny`vb epryw {`ym èybksnybi dnei*rwb pdneeèk%

Ymb jnenkbjbey pdne lf n Y`kbs Sbwbsvb ebbiw yl cb èybksnybi è dnskbs sbk`lendjnèybenegb pdnew%


16/37

Wbpybjcbs 3?$ 3?>?

Y`kbsw @e Cmryne

[`di y`kbsw mnvb cbbe f`djbi è ymb jlreynèw lf Cmryne% N m`km*ndy`yrib wnegyrns glrdipslvìb n sbfrkb fls ymb beinekbsbi y`kbs nei ngy nw n {`did`fb glssìls%

[`ym mìibe gnjbsnw$ n CCG Enyrsnd m`wyls ybnj sbglsibi è wbvbsnd jleymw$ n jndb nei

fbjndb ny 3%90 j`dbw nclvb wbn dbvbd% N mb`kmy psbv`lrwd ymlrkmy yl cb yll m`km fls ymbarekdb ne`jndw yl èmnc`y% Ym`w f`dj {nw ymb f`swy bvìbegb ymb y`kbsw glrdi d`vb nei csbbi èjlreynèw%

Fllynkb wml{w ymb fbjndb y`kbs dngynyèk {m`db ymb jndb nppbnsw yl cb jnshèk `yw ybss`yls %Ym`w wrkkbwyw ymb y`kbsw nsb ely arwy pnwwèk ymslrkm ymb nsbn% Ymb y`kbsw cbmnv`ls wrkkbymb nsb csbbièk nei ymny ymbsb jrwy el{ cb grcw wljb{mbsb le ym`w jlreynè%

V`ddnkbsw yldi CCG ybnj ymny y`kbs ysnghw mnvb cbbe wbbe è ymb nsbn% Bnsd`bs ym`w bns$ n[[F wrsvb ybnj flrei n 9%3 ègm*{ìb y`kbs psèy$ wrkkbwyèk n jndb y`kbs {b`kmèk jlsbymne 99? plreiw nei nclry 0%= fbby è dbekym%

Glewbsvny`le wyw cbd`bvb ym`w wpnswbd plprdnybi$ m`km*ndy`yrib mnc`yny w sbdny`vbdreymsbnybebi c mrjne ibvbdlpjbey nei glrdi pslvìb n y`kbs glssìls ymny {lrdi dèhne`jndw è lymbs pnsyw lf Nw`n% Ymbsb `w psbwwrsb le y`kbsw mnc`ynyw fslj ndd wìbw% Pby {bel{ hel{ ymb gne d`vb nei csbbi ny ym`w ndy`yrib {m`gm `w n wnfbs mnc`yny fls ymbj% Cmryne{nw ymb j`wwèk dèh è ym`w y`kbs glssìls%

Ymbsb wy`dd `w n dlek {n yl kl yl wnvb ymb y`kbs% Cmryne mnw n y`kbs plprdny`le lf nclry >3?*>2? ne`jndw% [b ebbi yl wyri nei wnvb {`did`fb c gsbnyèk n wbs`bw lf bgldlk`gnd glssìlsw%

_ryyèk Ne Bei Yl Y`kbs _lngmèk

[[F `w {lshèk {`ym YSNFF@G yl grsc ymb ysnib è y`kbs pnsyw nei pslirgyw$ wl ymny ym`wysnib w el dlekbs is`vèk plngmèk nei ymsbnybeèk {`di y`kbsw%Lrs dlekbs*ybsj wysnybk`g ngy`v`y`bw ègdrib1* Gdlwèk jnshbyw fls y`kbs pnsyw nei pslirgyw clym è nei lrywìb y`kbs snekb glreys`bw$

flgrwèk le ysnib*slrybw$ pslgbwwlsw$ nei glewrjbsw* Gdlwèk ndd b}`wyèk y`kbs fnsjw$ bwpbg`ndd e Gmèn$ V`byenj$ @eilebw`n nei Ymn`dnei* _sbvbeyèk ne dbknd gljjbsg`nd`qny`le lf ibni y`kbs cli pnsyw* Bewrsèk ndd y`kbs snekb glreys`bw mnvb frdd G@YBW*gljpd`ney eny`lend dbk`wdny`le nei frdd

`jpdbjbey wrgm dbk`wdny`le nw {bdd nw lymbs G@YBW Sbwldry`lew nei Ibg`w`lew le y`kbsw neiNw`ne c`k gnyw


17/37

_ryyèk Ne Bei Yl Y`kbs _lngmèk gleyi

* Bwyncd`wmèk ysnew*clreins grwyljw plwyw yl flwybs eybseny`lend gllpbsny`le nei d`n`wle$flgrwèk le ymb Srww`n,Gmèn$ Gmèn,V`byenj$ @ei`n,J nejns$ Cnekdnibwm,J nejns nei@ei`n,Cnekdnibwm clsibsw

* Bwyncd`wmèk nei gllsiènyèk eybdd`kbegb eby{lshw nei bewrsèk eybdd`kbegb*cnwbi dn{beflsgbjbey e wysnybk`g dlgny`lew$ egdrièk Wlrymbnwy Nw`n -pnsy`grdnsd Jndn w`n neiYmn`dnei)$ Wrjnysne dneiwgnpbw$ nei ymb Ksbnybs Jbhlek Dneiwgnpb -Ymn`dnei$ Dnlw$Gnjcli`n$ V`byenj)

* Ibvbdlpèk ymb f`swy pmnwb lf n Kdlcnd Y`kbs Ysnib @eflsjny`le W wybj fls lvbsndd bemnegbibeflsgbjbey bffbgy`vbebww ymslrkm cbyybs ysnib*slryb mly wply ibybgy`le%

Glewbsvèk Y`kbs Mnc`ynyw[[F `w {lshèk yl sbwylsb y`kbs plprdny`lew nei i`wys`cry`lew yl ny dbnwy 3?" lf ymb`s flsjbssnekb e >7 ps`ls`y dneiwgnpbw% Ym`w evldvbw1* Sbglvbsèk y`kbs nei psb plprdny`lew ymslrkm cbyybs jnenkbjbey lf pslybgybi nsbnw nei

beknkèk n {ìbs snekb lf dlgnd wynhb mldibsw e ney`*plngmèk jbnwrsbw* Jnenkèk y`kbs mnc`yny$ ègdrièk sbwylsny`le nei jnenkbjbey lf glssìlsw cby{bbe glsb

nsbnw ymslrkm dnei*rwbw gljpny`cdb {`ym y`kbs glewbsvny`le* Gsbnyèk nii`y`lend ls b}pneièk b}`wyèk pslybgybi nsbnw yl wrpplsy v`ncdb$ csbbièk y`kbs

plprdny`lew$ nei dèh ymbj {`ym mnc`yny glssìlsw* Beknkèk crwèbww$ èirwys $ nei ibvbdlpjbey kslrpw yl wrpplsy y`kbs glewbsvny`le nei

nilpy bev`slejbeyndd wbew`y`vb nppslngmbw ymny nvlì ebkny`vb jpngyw le mnc`yny neiy`kbs plprdny`lew

* _bsflsjèk bglelj`g vndrny`lew lf ymb bgldlk`gnd wbsv`gbw nei wrwynèncdb rwb lf enyrsndsbwlrsgbw ibs`vbi fslj y`kbs dneiwgnpbw yl jnèwysbnj y`kbsw nei y`kbs glewbsvny`le*sbdnybi vndrbw eyl ibvbdlpjbey pdneeèk pslgbww nei pld`g flsjrdny`le

* Wysbekymbeèk gljjre`y beknkbjbey e1 mnc`yny jnenkbjbey nei y`kbs glewbsvny`le cpslvìèk bglelj`g egbey`vbw8 jrdy`*wynhbmldibs flsrjw yl i`wgrww$ jbi`nyb$ nei sbwldvbglewbsvny`le `wwrbw wrgm nw dnei nei enyrsnd sbwlrsgb jnenkbjbey8 sbvberb wmnsèk8gljjre`y *dbi ney`*plngmèk wysnybk`bw8 nei mrjne {`did`fb glefd`gy

* Rwèk eelvny`vb {`did`fb sbwbnsgm nei jle`ylsèk ybgme`~rbw yl dbnse jlsb nclry ymby`kbs nei psb c`ldlk è lsibs yl `jpslvb y`kbs glewbsvny`le nppslngmbw$ sbirgb glefd`gy$nei ps`ls`y`qb èybsvbey`lew

* Bwyncd`wmèk wrwynèncdb freièk jbgmne`wjw yl wrpplsy y`kbs glewbsvny`le$ egdrièk fsljpm`dneymslp`g freièk$ gnscle fènegèk$ nei klvbsejbey ksneyw

Jnhèk Y`kbsw N _ld`y`gnd _s`ls`y[[F w {lshèk yl jnèwysbnj y`kbs glewbsvny`le eyl eny`lend nei sbk`lend bglelj`g neiibvbdlpjbey pdnew%[b nsb {lshèk {`ym n erjcbs lf èfdrbey`nd kslrpw è y`kbs snekb wynybw ègdrièkklvbsejbeyw$ sbk`lend glnd`y`le$ nei eybseny`lend nei jrdy`dnybsnd ewy`yry`lew yl1* @eybksnyb y`kbs mnc`ynyw èyl dnei*rwb pdnew nw n dbk`y`jnyb gnybkls wl ymny pslabgy nei

ibvbdlpjbey pslgbwwbw {`dd ysbny ymbj nw glewbsvny`le nsbnw irsèk pslabgy pdneeèk$ neibjpdl ymb [lsdi Cneh+w +y`kbs f`dybs+

* Bewrsb leklèk i`wgrww`lew le y`kbs glewbsvny`le eyl wysnybk`g beknkbjbeyw neiibvbdlpjbeynd i`ndlkrbw {`ym klvbsejbeyw ny eny`lend$ sbk`lend nei dlgnd dbvbdw

* Kby beilswbjbey lf ysnew*clreins nksbbjbeyw ny m`kmbwy dbvbdw lf klvbsejbeyw ylniisbww y`kbs dneiwgnpb glewbsvny`le$ ney`*plngmèk$ nei eybseny`lend ysnib lf y`kbs pnsyw

* Mbdp yl ibvbdlp nei gnp`ynd`qb n sbk`le*{ìb Ysrwy Frei fls y`kbs glewbsvny`le


18/37


Gldls Glibw Fls Ymb Fryrsb _slwpbgyw Fls Y`kbsw @e Bngm Dneiwgnpb1

KSBBE Ymb pslwpbgyw fls y`kbsw nsb klli8 erjcbsw nsb wyncdb ls ègsbnwèk8 glewbsvny`lebfflsyw nsb wrggbbièk%

PBDDL[ _slwpbgyw fls y`kbsw nsb fn`s8 erjcbsw nsb wyncdb cry nsb ègsbnwèkd ymsbnybebi8w`ke`f`gney glewbsvny`le gmnddbekbw d`b nmbni%

SBI _slwpbgyw fls y`kbsw nsb plls8 Y`kbs erjcbsw nsb ibgdèèk8 jnals ymsbnyw nsb ksl{èknei$ `f ely niisbwwbi$ {`dd gleyèrb yl is`vb y`kbs erjcbsw il{e%

[bwybse Kmnyw

Ymbsb nsb nslrei 3?? y`kbsw è ymb [bwybse Kmnyw% Ymb y`kbsw mnc`yny `w jlreynèlrwflsbwyw% Ymbsb nsb ndwl Nw`ne bdbpmneyw$ wdlym cbnsw$ d`le*yn`dbi jngn~rbw$ nei dnekrsjlehb w%

Jne lf ymb c`k gnyw jlvb cby{bbe ybss`yls`bw è ymb [bwybse Kmnyw$ jnhèk èybsgleebgybimnc`ynyw hb yl ymb`s wrsv`vnd% Ymb nsbn `w ndwl s`gm è y`kbs psb wrgm nw ibbs$ {`di p`kw$ ne{`di gnyydb%

Ymb [bwybse Kmnyw lffbsw leb lf ymb cbwy mlpbw fls glewbsvèk ym`w beinekbsbi wpbg`bw$cbgnrwb lf wrgm n sbdny`vbd dnskb plprdny`le lf y`kbsw è leb wply%

@e 3??0$ ymb [GW -[`did`fb Glewbsvny`le Wlg`by )*@ei`n pslksnj mbdpbi yl ibvbdlp n eb{wlfy{nsb pslksnj nddl{èk sbwbnsgmbsw yl ~r`ghd ibey`f ne èi`vìrnd y`kbs fslj ywre`~rb wys`pb pnyybse nei jn ndwl dlgnyb ymb ls`kè lf y`kbsw fslj whèw glef`wgnybi fsljplngmbsw% Ybgme`~rbw d`hb ymbwb gne cb rwbi yl wrsvb y`kbs plprdny`lew ngslww ymb`ssbjnèèk snekb e Nw`n% Ymb wlfy{nsb ymny glevbsyw gnjbsn pmlylksnpmw eyl 7*I jlibdwcnwbi le bngm y`kbsw re`~rb wys`pb pnyybse w bencdèk wg`bey`wyw yl ~r`ghd ibey`fèi`vìrnd y`kbsw% [GW glewbsvny`le`wyw hbbp yncw le y`kbsw c bjpdl èk n eb{ fbgnd IENwnjpdèk ybgme`~rb% Y`kbs wgny w glddbgybi nei pslvìbw sbwbnsgmbsw {`ym re`~rb IENw`kenyrsbw nddl{èk ymbj yl nggrsnybd nei ele*èvnw`vbd ibey`f ei`vìrnd y`kbsw$ neibwy`jnyb y`kbs plprdny`lew%

[`ym 7? j`dd`le pblpdb d`vèk è ymb sbk`le$ mnc`yny dlww nei fsnkjbeyny`le plwb ymb jlwywbs`lrw inekbs nei ymsbny yl y`kbsw$ nw fnsjdnei nei slniw b}pnei ngslww ymb {`dibsebww$nei d`vbwylgh gljpbyb {`ym y`kbsw fls wpngb%

@e [bwybse Kmnyw$ y`kbsw nsb cbebf`yèk fslj ègsbnwbi wrpplsy fslj ymb Klvbsejbey lf@ei`n$ nei ymb Wynyb Klvbsejbeyw$ wrwynèbi glewbsvny`le jbnwrsbw$ dlgnd nivlgng $ nei ngleyèrèk [GW gljj`yjbey yl wbgrsèk ymb`s fryrsb è ymb {`di% Nw n sbwrdy$ ymb lrydllhfls y`kbsw è ym`w dneiwgnpb dllh klli%


19/37

Srww`n nei Gmèn * W`hmlyb*Ndè nei Gmnekcn`wmne Ysnew*clreins Dneiwgnpbw

Ylkbymbs$ ymbwb dneiwgnpbw glvbs >69$?07 w~% j`%$ sbpsbwbey ymb jlwy c`ldlk`gndd i`vbswbbglw wybjw e Elsymbse Nw`n$ nei nsb mljb yl ymb dnwy plprdny`lew lf {`di W`cbs`ne Y`kbsw%

Sbgbey inyn èi`gnybw erjcbsw nsb ibgdèèk$ nei è wljb pdngbw$ plybey`ndd wmnspd %

Y`kbsw sbkrdnsd gslww fslj Srww`n èyl Gmèn$ {mbsb ymb nsb mbnv`d `jpngybi c plngmèk

lf psb nei lymbs ymsbnyw%[GWw >;* bns dlek W`cbs`ne Y`kbs _slabgy ngslww ymb Srww`ne dneiwgnpb mnw bencdbiglewbsvny`le`wyw yl pdne nei jnenkb ymb dneiwgnpb fls y`kbsw èwìb nei lrywìb lfpslybgybi nsbnw nei cr`di dlgnd bglw wybj reibswyneièk% [GW dnregmbi bfflsyw yl sbglvbsv`ncdb y`kbs plprdny`lew e Gmèn nei beknkb e i`wgrww`lew yl bwyncd`wm ysnew*clreinssbwbsvbw ymny gleebgy y`kbs plprdny`lew è Srww`n nei Gmèn% Reflsyrenybd $ ibwp`yberjbslrw wrggbwwbw$ sbgbey w`kew wml{ ymny W`cbs`ne Y`kbsw nsb legb nknè reibs ègsbnwbiymsbny% _ld`g gmnekbw è Srww`n mnvb ibgsbnwbi beflsgbjbey$ nei plngmèk lf clym y`kbswnei ymb`s psb nppbns yl cb ègsbnwèk%


20/37

Gmnekb @e Flsbwy Glvbs Lf Gm`en Jnp


21/37


Gnjcli`n * Bnwybse _dnèw Dneiwgnpb

Ym`w dneiwgnpb `w 2$;03 w~% j`% j`} lf wbj`*bvbsksbbe nei ibgìrlrw flsbwy% Pbnsw lf {nsnei wys`fb e ymb sbk`le mnvb ibg`jnybi {mny legb {nw n yms`vèk {`did`fb plprdny`le% Y`kbswmnvb wrffbsbi fslj ymb dlww lf ymb`s psb nei ynskbybi plngmèk% Ymb nsb d`hbd il{e ylfb{bs ymne >? èi`vìrndw% Nfybs >? bnsw lf ymb Sl nd Klvbsejbey lf Gnjcli`n nei [GWglddnclsnyèk$ sbgbeyd ymb grdjènybi e ymb ibw`keny`le lf ymb Wb`jn _slybgy`le Flsbwy-W_F)$ {m`gm glvbsw jlsb ymne >>$??? w~% j`% lf Gnjcli`nw bnwybse clsibs wmnsbi {`ymV`byenj% Wb`jn$ n flsjbs dlkkèk glegbww`le ymb w`qb lf Plwbj`yb Eny`lend _nsh$ pslybgywely led y`kbsw cry ndwl ymsbnybebi ps`jnybw nei bdbpmneyw%

Ymb dlek*ybsj pslwpbgyw fls y`kbsw è ymb Bnwybse _dnèw nsb i`sb cbgnrwb lf ymb`s dl{erjcbsw% Pby dnskb nsbnw lf mnc`yny sbjnè$ psb `w sbglvbsèk nei `f csbbièk y`kbsw wy`ddb}`wy$ n dlek*ybsj sbglvbs fls ymb plprdny`le jn wy`dd cb plww`cdb% [GW `w {lshèk {`ymymb Gnjcli`ne klvbsejbey le beflsgbjbey nei dnei*rwb pdneeèk ny ymb gljjre`y neipslvèg`nd dbvbdw%

Y`kbs dneiwgnpbw è ymb Ksbnybs Jbhlek

Ymb Bnwybse _dnèw wy`dd mnw vbs m`km flsbwy glvbs$ nei ymb enyrsb lf ymb Is Flsbwyw mnc`ynjnhbw `y ìbnd fls dnskb rekrdnyb nei lymbs psb wpbg`bw plprdny`lew wrgm nw {`di gnyydb$ibbs$ nei p`k% Ne nirdy y`kbs ebbiw nclry 2? jbi`rj*w`qbi ne`jndw bngm bns yl wrsv`vb$ wldnskb plprdny`lew lf psb nsb ebbibi yl wrppd belrkm flli yl bewrsb ymb y`kbs plprdny`legne sbglvbs% Ym`w `w b}ngyd {mny ymb Gnjcli`ne klvbsejbey nei [[F nsb flgrwèk le el{è ymb pslybgybi nsbnw%


22/37


23/37


24/37


Ymb Wy% _bybswcrsk Y`kbs Wrjj`y lf [lsdi DbnibswN Gmnddbekb nei ne Lpplsyre`y yl Wnvb [`did`fb fls Mrjne [bdd CbèkMlwybi c Srww`ne _s`jb Jè`wybs Vdni`j`s _ryè nei ngy`vbd psljlybi c [lsdi Cneh Kslrp_sbwìbey Slcbsy Qlbdd`gh$ {lsdi dbnibsw {`dd nwwbjcdb è Wy% _bybswcrsk$ Srww`n$ yl flskbeny`lend nei èybseny`lend gljj`yjbeyw yl ilrcdb ymb erjcbs lf y`kbsw è ymb eb}y >3

bnsw% Ny ymb wnjb y`jb$ kdlcnd wrpplsybsw nei fèneg`bsw {`dd gljj`y yl pslvìèk ymbègsbjbeynd sbwlrsgbw yl wrpplsy ym`w gs`y`gnd$ rskbey pslksnj%

Nw`nw jlwy `gle`g ne`jnd fngbw `jjèbey b}yègy`le è ymb {`di% @e ymb pnwy gbeyrs $ y`kbserjcbsw pdrjjbybi fslj >??$??? yl nclry 7$2??$ nei gleyèrb yl fndd% Y`kbs mnc`yny mnwibgdèbi c 9? pbsgbey è ymb dnwy ybe bnsw ndleb% @e ne bksbk`lrw `ddbknd {`did`fb ysnib$gs`jèndw bnse mrkb pslf`yw wbddèk y`kbs pnsyw$ ynhèk nivneynkb lf plls pblpdb d`vèk nslreiy`kbs sbwbsvbw yl sbgsr`y plngmbsw% _blpdb mrey ymb psb y`kbsw ebbi yl wrsv`vb% Nivbswbmrjne ngy`v`y`bw$ egdrièk efsnwysrgyrsb ibvbdlpjbey {`ymlry glegbse fls {`did`fb neienyrsb$ mnw fsnkjbeybi ymb y`kbsw mnc`yny nei ymsbnybew yl ynhb `y ndd% [b jrwy wylp ymbcdbbièk el{ cbflsb ymb {`di y`kbsw b}yègy`le cbgljb èbv`yncdb%


25/37


Ymb Wy% _bybswcrsk Y`kbs Wrjj`y lf [lsdi DbnibswN Gmnddbekb nei ne Lpplsyre`y yl Wnvb [`did`fb fls Mrjne [bdd Cbèk[`di y`kbsw k`vb n fngb yl ymb dnskbs gs`w`w lf c`li`vbsw`y dlww è Nw`n nei nslrei ymb {lsdin gs`w`w ymny ymsbnybew mrjne {bdd cbèk nw jrgm nw `y ilbw ibgdèèk {`did`fb nei {`didneiw% Y`kbs dneiwgnpbw nsb plghbyw lf ibbp plvbsy $ nei ymb plls mnvb ymb jlwy yl dlwb{mbe ymb nsb ibwysl bi% Ymbwb dneiwgnpbw pslvìb vnwy nei reibsvndrbi bgldlk`gndwbsv`gbw wrgm nw {nybswmbi pslybgy`le nei ymb kbeby`g cnwb fls flli wbgrs`y neipmnsjngbry`gndw$ nw {bdd nw gnscle wb~rbwysny`le$ mbdpèk yl j`y`knyb gd`jnyb gmnekb%Yl niisbww ym`w dlljèk gs`w`w$ ymb [lsdi Cneh$ ymb Kdlcnd Bev`slejbeynd Fng`d`y $ ymbWj`ymwle`ne @ewy`yry`le$ nei lymbs pnsyebsw dnregmbi ymb Kdlcnd Y`kbs @e`y`ny`vb -KY@)> èAreb 3??=% Ymb [lsdi Cneh dbi ym`w bfflsy cbgnrwb `y `w gljj`yybi yl cndnegèk bglelj`gibvbdlpjbey {`ym enyrsb glewbsvny`le nei bev`slejbeynd pslybgy`le$ nei y`kbsw nsb ny ymbvbs mbnsy lf ymb jnyybs è jne pnsyw lf Nw`n% Ymb [lsdi Cneh `w ndwl rwèk `yw glevbeèkpl{bs yl wysbekymbe pld`y`gnd {`dd fls y`kbs glewbsvny`le nei èfdrbegb prcd`g pld`g èwrpplsy lf wyslek eny`lend dbnibswm`p le ym`w nkbein%Wègb ymbe$ ymb KY@ mnw cbgljb ne ndd`negb lf klvbsejbeyw$ ègdrièk ndd >7 y`kbs snekbglreys`bw -YSGw)3$ èybseny`lend lskne`qny`lew$ nei g`v`d wlg`by % Ymb ndd`negb {nw ibbpbebi

ny n kdlcnd {lshwmlp è Ebpnd è Lgylcbs 3??0$ {m`gm dbi yl ymb F`swy Nw`ne Jè`wybs`ndGlefbsbegb le Y`kbs Glewbsvny`le è Ymn`dnei è Anerns 3?>? nei `w el{ ynhèk rw yl ymbY`kbs Wrjj`y% Ymbwb j`dbwylebw nsb n sbwrdy lf ndd >7 YSGw nei ymb èybseny`lend gljjre`y{lshèk ylkbymbs fls ymb f`swy y`jb le n gllpbsny`vb pdnyflsj$ wmnsèk hel{dbikb neib}pbs`begb nei ibvbdlpèk n glddnclsny`vb pslksnj%[mny jrwy cb ileb yl wnvb y`kbsw< Ymb Kdlcnd Y`kbs Sbglvbs _slksnj -KYS_) cbèkibvbdlpbi fls dnregm ny ymb Y`kbs Wrjj`y {`dd wrpplsy y{l y pb lf ngy`lew1 -`) wgndèk rppsngy`gbw ndsbni pslvbe bffbgy`vb è leb ls jlsb YSG ymny ebbi {ìbs pld`g wrpplsy nei$rwrndd $ sbwlrsgbw8 nei -``) eb{ ysneweny`lend ngy`lew ymny bemnegb ymb bffbgy`vbebww lfèi`vìrnd YSGw ngy`lew% Ynhbe ylkbymbs$ ymb KYS_ {`dd n`j yl ngm`bvb ymb nksbbi kdlcndklnd lf ilrcdèk {`di y`kbs plprdny`lew c 3?33$ ymb eb}y Pbns lf ymb Y`kbs% Ymb KYS_ {`dd cb

cr`dy fslj n flreiny`le lf slcrwy Eny`lend Y`kbs Sbglvbs _slksnjw ymny {`dd wbdbgy`vbd n`jyl wgndb rp$ nw nppslps`nyb fls bngm YSG$ pslvbe psngy`gbw kslrpbi è flrs ymbjbw1 Dneiwgnpb Jnenkbjbey1 Ymb jlwy gs`y`gnd bwwbey`nd sbjnèèk y`kbs mnc`ynynsbnw {mbsb{`di y`kbsw csbbi{`dd cb jnib èv`ldnyb yl mrjne ngy`v`y`bw% Glsb nsbnw {`dd cb gleebgybic ksbbe glssìlsw nei wrsslreibi c {bdd jnenkbi crffbs qlebw% _sèg`pdbw lf WjnsyKsbbe @efsnwysrgyrsb {`dd cb nppd`bi yl jnhb èfsnwysrgyrsb ibvbdlpjbey lrywìb lf glsbnsbnw y`kbs fs`beid % Ybgmeldlk fls [`did`fb1 Ybgmeldlk *cnghbi jnenkbjbey jle`ylsèk w wybjw nei flsbew`gwg`begb gnpnc`d`y`bw$ nw {bdd nw pbsflsjnegb ègbey`vbw ${`dd cb èyslirgbi èyl y`kbssbwbsvb jnenkbjbey yl gleysld plngmèk lf y`kbsw nei psb nei sbirgb begslngmjbey ley`kbs mnc`yny% Gljjre`y Beknkbjbey1 Ndybseny`vb d`vbd`mlli pslksnjw$ wrgm nw gljjre`y *jnenkbibglylrs`wj$ {`dd cb eyslirgbi e gljjre`y`bw nslrei y`kbs sbwbsvbw nw egbey`vbw flsyrseèk plngmbsw eyl pslybgylsw nei knèèk {ìbwpsbni dlgnd wrpplsy fls y`kbsglewbsvny`le% W wybjw yl fn`sd gljpbewnyb pblpdb fls ears nei bglelj`g dlww fslj {`diy`kbsw {`dd cb `jpdbjbeybi$ ndlek {`ym birgny`le pslksnjw yl k`vb pblpdb ymb ylldwebgbwwns yl jè`j`qb y`kbs ibpsbiny`lew% Gllpbsny`vb Jnenkbjbey lf @eybseny`lend Dneiwgnpbw1 N wpbg`nd flgrw le gs`y`gnd y`kbsdneiwgnpbw ymny gslww clsibsw {`dd cb èyslirgbi% _slj`wèk ysnew*clreins dneiwgnpbw nsbymlwb cby{bbe @ei`n nei Ebpnd$ Gmèn nei ymb Srww`ne Fns Bnwy$ nei Jndn w`n$ Ymn`dnei$ neiV`byenj%> WbbKdlcnd Y`kbs @e`y`ny`vb3 Cnekdnibwm$ Cmryne$ Gnjcli`n$ Gmèn$ @ei`n$ @eilebw`n$ Dnl _IS$ Jndn w`n$ J nejns$ Ebpnd$ Srww`ne

Fbibsny`le$ Ymn`dnei$ nei V`byenj%
http://www.globaltigerinitiative.org/http://www.globaltigerinitiative.org/


26/37


Ymb Wy% _bybswcrsk Y`kbs Wrjj`y lf [lsdi DbnibswN Gmnddbekb nei ne Lpplsyre`y yl Wnvb [`did`fb fls Mrjne [bdd Cbèk@e nii`y`le$ ymb KYS_ {`dd wrpplsy kdlcnd ngy`le le eb{ fsley`bsw è n cì yl freinjbeynddgmnekb ymb grssbey i enj`g ymsbnybeèk ymb b}yègy`le lf ymb {`di y`kbs% Hb njlek ymbwbnsb1 Gsbnyb ne bffbgy`vb nei ybgmeldlk`gndd wnvv ewy`yry`lend nsgm`ybgyrsb yl mbdp YSGwbd`jènyb ymb mrkb `ddbknd {`did`fb ysnib$ flgrwèk le bffbgy`vb èybsi`gy`le nei le {`did`fbdn{ beflsgbjbey gnpng`y cr`dièk% Ymb KYS_ {`dd wrpplsy ymb @eybseny`lend Glewlsy`rj ylGljcny [`did`fb Gs`jb cbèk flsjbi c @EYBS_LD$ RE Lff`gb le Isrkw nei Gs`jb$ [lsdiGrwyljw Lskne`qny`le$ G@YBW Wbgsbyns`ny$ nei ymb [lsdi Cneh% _bswrnib pblpdb yl wylp glewrjèk y`kbsw ymslrkm n {bdd ibw`kebi$ mnsi*m`yyèk kdlcndn{nsbebww gnjpn`ke yl wy`kjny`qb rwèk y`kbs pnsyw nei pslirgyw nw jbi`gèb$ flli$ neinilsejbey% Bemnegb ymb pslfbww`lend gnpng`y lf pld`g jnhbsw nei psngy`y`lebsw fls bffbgy`vb y`kbsnei {`did`fb glewbsvny`le è YSGw$ cr`dièk le ymb flreiny`le dnì c ymb sbgbeydbwyncd`wmbi Wj`ymwle`ne @ewy`yry`le* nei [lsdi Cneh*dbi Kdlcnd Glewbsvny`le neiIbvbdlpjbey Eby{lsh% Ibvbdlp wrwynèncdb dlek*ybsj fènegèk jbgmne`wjw fls glewbsvny`le $ ègdrièk wgmbjbwfls pn jbey fls bglw wybj wbsv`gbw$ c`li`vbsw`y lffwbyw fslj efsnwysrgyrsb ibvbdlpjbey$sbwlrsgbw fslj SBII( gnscle jnshbyw$ nei gsbny`le lf n eb{ jnshby pdnyflsj yl sbglke`qbnei jleby`qb ymb vndrb lf {`did`fb%


27/37

Glewbsvny`le Fls Y`kbswDlk`g Fsnjb{lsh Fls Y`kbsw


28/37


29/37

[`did`fb Glewbsvny`le

@jplsyney Bdbjbeyw @e [`did`fb _slybgy`le Nei Gleysld

* Jnppèk nei pdlyyèk ymb sbdny`vb wpny`nd ncreinegb lf {`di ne`jndw

* @ibey`f`gny`le lf s`wh fngylsw

* _sl}`j`y yl s`wh fngylsw

* Wbew`y`v`y gnybkls`qny`le* Gs`jb jnppèk nei `jjbi`nyb ngy`le fls nppsbmbeièk ymb lffbeibsw cnwbi le

bffbgy`vb eby{lshèk nei gljjre`gny`le

[`did`fb Mnc`yny Nei _lprdny`le Bvndrny`le W wybj

* Jnppèk$ inyn ng~r`w`y`le nei K@W jlibdèk

* F`bdi inyn glddbgy`le nei vndìny`le

Inyn jnèybenegb$ I`wwbjèny`le nei Rwb


30/37


31/37

D@LE GLEWBSVNY@LE JN_


32/37

Y@KBS M@WYLS@G GRSSBEY SNEKB JN_

Y@KBS FLSBVBS W@YBW JN_ Y@KBS _L_RDNY@LEW JN_


33/37


34/37

GDLRIBI DBL_NSI SNEKB JN_


35/37

GMBBYNM SNEKB JN_

NW@NG GMBBYNM _SLABGY W@YBW JN_


36/37

ANKRNS GLEWBSVNY@LE RE@YW NEI GLSS@ILSW JN_

ANKRNS GLEWBSVNY@LE GLEGBSEW JN_


37/37

conservation for big cats project

Documents