Content-Centric Networking

Media Drivers and Network Research Challenges

Miguel RioDept of Electronic & Electrical Engineering

University College London, UK

Drivers For Change

• Low Energy Economy

• Cheaper Input/Output Devices

• Faster Networks

• Cheaper Memory

• Traditional Media will fight back for survival

CCN for Just in Time Media Objects

• We need to shift from connecting end nodes to connecting users to content

• As memory prices come down, routers will be able to play a bigger role here. The borderline between routers and servers will be blurred. Routers may become more cross-layer

• New router level algorithms and protocols need to be developed to locate and retrieve content much more efficiently

Content Object

Media

Rules

Behaviour

Relations

Characteristics

Object Execution/Handling

Environment

Distributed Object Search• Today’s Search market is centralised.

• This is often inefficient and does not create the right incentives to expose meta-data

• Distributed Object search will change this. Content producers/replicators may want to hold the meta-data.

• Time to index will be reduced but algorithms will be complicated!

Multi-Stream Objects

• The types of media available will increase: 3D, multi-sensory, generated by several viewpoints (potentially by several people)

• Coordination and Synchronisation of this data in real-time is a major challenge

• In other words: how to implement the relations between media objects is an important issue for CCN

Location Based Media Objects

• Lots of content will be displayed with a dependency on the location of the user

• User mobility and fast content retrieval need to be part of the Content-Centric Internet infrastructure

Personalisation and Rating of Objects

• With the “end of broadcast”, users will want more personalisation (both on content and on advertisement)

• Efficient content and user ratings will be crucial, potentially using social networks

Privacy Protection

• Personalisation brings an increased danger of loss of privacy

• Despite some evidence from online social networks that privacy is overrated, we believe that many people in many scenarios care seriously about privacy

• Creating Privacy Preserving Services embedded in the Internet Fabric should be a research priority

QoE Accountability

• Another aspect that needs to be seriously considered as part of the Internet Fabric is open e2e monitoring and QoE accountability

• Although we have the technology to implement QoS, competition in the ISP market is not efficient because of lack of transparency/accountability. The user does not know who to blame and has no QoS information to compare services