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Health care Health care ClassicalClassical vs vs alternative medicinealternative medicine Human body Human body The most frequent The most frequent people´speople´s

diseases diseases What are your symptoms?What are your symptoms? In the ambulanceIn the ambulance Describing picturesDescribing pictures The principles of healthy lifestyleThe principles of healthy lifestyle Role playRole playss WorksheetWorksheet 1 1 WorksheetWorksheet 2 2

Health careHealth care in Slovakia in Slovakia Everybody in our country has the right to choose a Everybody in our country has the right to choose a

doctor and many people go to one family doctor.doctor and many people go to one family doctor. At present two types of health facilities operate in this At present two types of health facilities operate in this

country: state and private ones.country: state and private ones. Medical care is provided for our citizens from birth to Medical care is provided for our citizens from birth to

death.death. There is so called prenatal care which includes medical There is so called prenatal care which includes medical

check-ups before the child is born and then maternity check-ups before the child is born and then maternity ward services.ward services.

Soon after the birth each child is vaccinated against such Soon after the birth each child is vaccinated against such illnesses as tuberculosis (TB), tetanus, whooping cough, illnesses as tuberculosis (TB), tetanus, whooping cough, polio and later smallpox.polio and later smallpox.

Each school child is under medical supervision which Each school child is under medical supervision which means that he or she has to undergo a series of means that he or she has to undergo a series of preventive medical and dental check-ups where his body preventive medical and dental check-ups where his body is examined, his teeth checked and eyesight tested.is examined, his teeth checked and eyesight tested.

We must go through many types of vaccination during We must go through many types of vaccination during our lives.our lives.

Each person should undergo a regular check-up at least Each person should undergo a regular check-up at least once a year.once a year.

The Health insurance system is undergoing some The Health insurance system is undergoing some changes at present. Employers pay health insurance for changes at present. Employers pay health insurance for their employees but everybody can pay extra money for their employees but everybody can pay extra money for his/her health insurance.his/her health insurance.

Classical & alternative medicineClassical & alternative medicine

Classical medicineClassical medicine Offers treatment with Offers treatment with

painkillers.painkillers. It fights against illness and It fights against illness and

disease with drugs and disease with drugs and surgery by which doctors surgery by which doctors can save millions of can save millions of people.people.

It is very important in It is very important in accidents and accidents and emergencies.emergencies.

BUT on the other hand, BUT on the other hand, taking a lot of medicine taking a lot of medicine can destroy other organs can destroy other organs of your body.of your body.

Alternative medicineAlternative medicine Looks at the whole person, Looks at the whole person,

not just the illness.not just the illness. Types of alternative Types of alternative

medicine:medicine: AcupunctureAcupuncture – the use of – the use of

needles to make a person’s needles to make a person’s energy to flow in a more energy to flow in a more balanced waybalanced way

HomeopathyHomeopathy – uses – uses natural plants and flowers natural plants and flowers to beat the illnessto beat the illness

Osteopathy Osteopathy – is a system – is a system of movements which of movements which correct problems with the correct problems with the bones and musclesbones and muscles

Human bodyHuman body

The human body The human body consists of a bony consists of a bony skeleton and skeleton and muscles. The three muscles. The three parts of the body parts of the body areare

The headThe head The trunkThe trunk The limbsThe limbs

The headThe head Contains the brain, the centre of

the nervous system The face – forehead, the

temples, the eyebrows, the eyes, the ears, the nose, the mouth, the cheeks, the jaw, the chin

The eyes are protected by the eyelids and eyelashes.

The eyes are the organs of sight. The nose of smell, the ears are organs of hearing. Those who cannot see are blind, who cannot hear are deaf, and those who cannot speak are dumb. The nerves of the skin are the organs of touch. The five senses are: sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.

The main parts of the mouth are lips, the tongue, the teeth (milk, permanent teeth, false teeth), the palate and the gums.

The trunkThe trunk The head is attached to The head is attached to

the trunk by neck.the trunk by neck. The trunk includes the The trunk includes the

chest, the back, the chest, the back, the shoulders and the shoulders and the abdomen. abdomen.

The internal organs are the The internal organs are the lungs, the stomach, the lungs, the stomach, the liver with the gall-bladder, liver with the gall-bladder, the spleen, the kidneys the spleen, the kidneys and the bowels. We and the bowels. We breathe with our lungs. breathe with our lungs. The heart pumps the blood The heart pumps the blood through our body.through our body.

The limbsThe limbs The arms and legs are called the limbs.The arms and legs are called the limbs. The leg is composed of the thigh, the knee, the The leg is composed of the thigh, the knee, the

calf, the shin, and the foot.calf, the shin, and the foot. Each foot has a heel, a sole, and five toes.Each foot has a heel, a sole, and five toes. The arm consists of the upper and lower arm, the The arm consists of the upper and lower arm, the

elbow, the wrist and the hand. The inner side of elbow, the wrist and the hand. The inner side of the hand is the palm. On each hand are four the hand is the palm. On each hand are four fingers and one thumb. The finger nails protect fingers and one thumb. The finger nails protect the finger tips.the finger tips.

The movement of our body is produced by the The movement of our body is produced by the expansion and contraction of the muscles. expansion and contraction of the muscles.

Muscles are connected with the bones by sinews, Muscles are connected with the bones by sinews, the bones are bound together by ligaments.the bones are bound together by ligaments.

There are 230 bones in the human body.There are 230 bones in the human body.

Make the list of the most Make the list of the most common common

children diseases, children diseases,

infections and infections and

serious diseases.serious diseases.

The most frequent diseasesThe most frequent diseases Common children diseases: Common children diseases:

measles, chicken pox, measles, chicken pox, mumps,mumps, otitisotitis

Common infections: clod, flu, Common infections: clod, flu, angina, indigestion, diarrhea, angina, indigestion, diarrhea, constipation, headache, constipation, headache, stomachachestomachache

Serious diseases: pneumonia, Serious diseases: pneumonia, tuberculosis, leukemia, tuberculosis, leukemia, diabetes, cardio-vascular diabetes, cardio-vascular diseases, cancer, AIDS – the diseases, cancer, AIDS – the last two are incurablelast two are incurable

What are your symptoms?What are your symptoms? Match the diseases with their symptoms.Match the diseases with their symptoms.

1.1. FluFlu swollen glands in front of ear, earache or pain on swollen glands in front of ear, earache or pain on eatingeating

2.2. PneumoniaPneumonia burning pain in abdomen, pain or nausea after eatingburning pain in abdomen, pain or nausea after eating3.3. RheumatismRheumatism rash starting on body, slightly raised temperaturerash starting on body, slightly raised temperature4.4. Chicken poxChicken pox dry cough, high fever, chest pain, rapid breathingdry cough, high fever, chest pain, rapid breathing5.5. MumpsMumps headache, aching muscles, fever, cough, sneezingheadache, aching muscles, fever, cough, sneezing6.6. An ulcerAn ulcer swollen, painful joints, stiffness, limited movementswollen, painful joints, stiffness, limited movement

What might the doctor ask you?What might the doctor ask you?

What do doctors do?What do doctors do?

What do doctors do?What do doctors do? They take your temperatureThey take your temperature Listen to your chestListen to your chest Look in your eyesLook in your eyes Examine youExamine you Take your blood pressureTake your blood pressure Take the throat cultureTake the throat culture Put our blood or urine through lab-tests to take for Put our blood or urine through lab-tests to take for

example a blood-countexample a blood-count Ask you some questions and weigh and measure you Ask you some questions and weigh and measure you

before sending you to the hospital for further testbefore sending you to the hospital for further test They may X-ray our lungs or bonesThey may X-ray our lungs or bones They prescribe some medicine to usThey prescribe some medicine to us

What might the doctor ask you?What might the doctor ask you? Do you have health insurance?Do you have health insurance? Are you taking any medication? Are you taking any medication? Have you ever had any operation?Have you ever had any operation? Are you allergic to anything?Are you allergic to anything?

Look at the pictures. What can be Look at the pictures. What can be done to help those people?done to help those people?

Food and health are closely connected.Food and health are closely connected.

Your health often depends on Your health often depends on well-balanced diet. well-balanced diet.

What does it mean?What does it mean?

Food And HealthFood And Health

PROTEINS - they can be found in meat, in eggs, cheese, yoghurt, and other dairy products.

CARBOHYDRATES - they can be found in bread, pasta, pastry, cakes and chocolates

FAT - it can be found in bacon VITAMINS - can be found in fruit and veg FIBRE - can be found in cereals and

porridge. MINERALS - can be found in mineral water,

in vegetables,e.g. beans contain a lot of calcium, which is very important for our bones and teeth, or spinach is full of iron.

Some people overeat and they are overweight or obese. Lot of people eat fast food, which is often called junk food. These are hamburgers,

hot dogs, pizza, and fish and chips. On the other hand, there are some health

nuts. They buy foods only in health shops.

Our food must contain: proteins, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins, and minerals.Our food must contain: proteins, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins, and minerals.

A Slovak proverb says: A Slovak proverb says: Have a breakfast like a king, have a lunch like a citizen and have Have a breakfast like a king, have a lunch like a citizen and have

dinner like a pauper. dinner like a pauper.

Health is essential if we want to live to the Health is essential if we want to live to the fullest. fullest.

Healthy people feel better and live longer. Healthy people feel better and live longer. Our health depends on our lifestyle. We Our health depends on our lifestyle. We are, therefore, responsible for our own are, therefore, responsible for our own

health.health.

What can we do for better What can we do for better health?health?

A new start to a healthier lifestyle A new start to a healthier lifestyle 1.1. NutritionNutrition. Have a balanced diet that will . Have a balanced diet that will

provide the needed minerals, vitamins and provide the needed minerals, vitamins and nutrients. Fresh foods are the best, including nutrients. Fresh foods are the best, including plenty of vegetables and fruits. Fatty, dried plenty of vegetables and fruits. Fatty, dried or sugary foods should be limited. Eat on or sugary foods should be limited. Eat on regular schedule, but not too late in the regular schedule, but not too late in the evening.evening.

2.2. Exercise.Exercise. Set aside time for daily exercise. Set aside time for daily exercise. You will be less prone to illness and obesity, You will be less prone to illness and obesity, feel fitter and stronger.feel fitter and stronger.

3.3. WaterWater. Drink enough liquid every day – such . Drink enough liquid every day – such as water, herb teas or juices.as water, herb teas or juices.

4.4. Sun-smartnessSun-smartness. Limit your time in the sun . Limit your time in the sun to avoid skin damage.to avoid skin damage.

5.5. ThinkingThinking. Keep your mind in good order. . Keep your mind in good order. Try to be happy, smile more.Try to be happy, smile more.

6.6. AirAir. Spend some time outdoors each day . Spend some time outdoors each day and breathe in fresh clean air.and breathe in fresh clean air.

7.7. RestRest. Have about 8 hours of sleep every . Have about 8 hours of sleep every night to avoid feeling tired, weak or irritable night to avoid feeling tired, weak or irritable during the day.during the day.

8.8. Turning away from health risksTurning away from health risks. Avoid . Avoid any health destroying substances such as any health destroying substances such as drugs, tobacco or alcohol.drugs, tobacco or alcohol.

Which of these tips are you already practicing?Which of these tips are you already practicing?

Role playRole playss1.1. You/yourYou/your partner is pregnant. Your doctor asks you if partner is pregnant. Your doctor asks you if

you want to have an ultra-sound to find out if the baby you want to have an ultra-sound to find out if the baby is a boy or a girl. Tell your doctor yes or no and why.is a boy or a girl. Tell your doctor yes or no and why.

2.2. Your father is sick and in the hospital. Ask the doctor Your father is sick and in the hospital. Ask the doctor how he is doing.how he is doing.

3.3. You are at the pharmacy. Ask the pharmacist how You are at the pharmacy. Ask the pharmacist how often you should take your pills and if there is often you should take your pills and if there is anything else you need to know about your medicine.anything else you need to know about your medicine.

4.4. Call your dentist and make an appointment for the Call your dentist and make an appointment for the regular check-up.regular check-up.

Worksheet 1 – going to hospitalWorksheet 1 – going to hospital1.

2.

3.

4.

Worksheet 2 – illness and painWorksheet 2 – illness and pain1.

2.

Writing Writing

Write an article to a school magazine about what the main principles of a

healthy lifestyle are. Your article should not exceed 250 words. You

may use your notes from the lesson.

Thank you for your Thank you for your attention.attention.

Mgr. Ľ. VaškováMgr. Ľ. Vašková