Continuously Enhancing the

Skill Base of Crew On Board

Minerva Alfonso

UK Regional Manager

London, 30 May 2007

Presentation

I. Introduction

II. Tanker Fleet Performance

III. Incident Analysis - focus on the Human Element in Shipping

IV. Importance of training and the benefits of on-board Computer Based Training (CBT)

The International Association of Independent Tanker Owners

Membership:

250 + members representing > 80% of the independent oil tanker fleet and > 85% of the chemical carrier fleet, with strict membership criteria

300 + associate members in oil and chemical tanker related businesses

INTERTANKO Services

• INTERTANKO represents and promotes the interests of responsible oil and chemical tanker owners worldwide

and

• provides members with technical, operational, legal, documentary and other support services, information and advice

Management Committee

Council

Executive Committee

Annual General Meeting

Shipowner Issues Sub-Committee

Q-QuestSub-Committee

Chemical Tanker Sub-Committee Americas

Bunker Sub-Committee

Chemical Tanker Committee (CTC)

Associate Members Committee

Insurance & Legal Committee

Documentary Committee

Environmental Committee

Human Element Committee

Short Sea Tanker Group

IT Committee

Offshore Tanker Committee

Safety, Technical & Environmental

Committee (ISTEC)

Worldscale Committee

Vetting Committee

ASIAN REGIONAL PANEL

HELLENIC FORUM

LATIN AMERICAN PANEL

NORTH AMERICAN PANEL

ORGANISATION

14 issue driven Committees&

4 Regional Panels

MISSION “Provide leadership to the Tanker Industry in

serving the world with the safe, environmentally sound and efficient seaborne

transportation of oil, gas and chemical products.”

VISION for the TANKER INDUSTRY

“A responsible, sustainable and respected Tanker Industry, committed to continuous

improvement and constructively influencing its future.”

Mission and Vision

Commitment to Continuous Improvement

Primary Goals

Lead the continuous improvement of the Tanker Industry’s performance in striving to achieve the

goals of:

Zero fatalities

Zero pollution

Zero detentions

TANKER FLEET PERFORMANCE

Seaborne Crude Oil Flows 2005

Source: ITOPF. Number of spills above 700 tonnes.

Record of Oil Spills

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1971-75 1975-80 1981-75 1986-90 1991-95 1996-00 2001-05

Pollution from tankersTonnes / billion tonne mile

Tanker accidental pollution rate tonnes spilt per bn tonne miles trade

Source: ITOPF spills, Fearnleys: Tonne miles

Tanker incidents by cause 1978-2006

Number incidents

Source: INTERTANKO/Informa

0

200

400

600

800

1000

War

Hull & Machinery

Fire/Expl

Grounded

Coll/Contact

Misc.

ANALYSIS OF RECENT

INCIDENT DATA

Inter-Industry Group

The Inter-Industry Group consists of: • INTERTANKO• International Chamber of Shipping (ICS)• Oil Companies’ International Marine Forum

(OCIMF)• European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC)• International Association of Classification Societies

(IACS), • The International Group of P&I Clubs (IG)• International Parcel Tankers Association (IPTA).

IIG Conclusions

The primary cause of these incidents could be attributed to the

failure of the crew to follow procedures.

Recommendations

• To find solutions to the primary cause of the incidents, i.e. the Human Element

• Application of Inert Gas to new oil tankers of less than 20,000 DWT and new chemical tankers.

Det norske Veritas Analysis of Incidents

• reduction in the general level of experience as ships were crewed with more new recruits, retention rates declined and people were promoted faster.

• Loss of experience among crews was also a “stress factor” for those who continually had to train new crew members.

Tanker contracting

$ bn$ bn m dwtm dwt

VLCC 13. 4 $ bnSuezmax: 5.9 ”Aframax: 8.8 ”Panamax: 2.8 ”Handy: 22.9 ” (43%)

Source: INTERTANKO/Clarkson Shipyard MonitorSource: INTERTANKO/Clarkson Shipyard Monitor

0

11

22

33

44

55

0

17

34

51

68

85

Handy

Aframaxes

Suezmaxes

VLCCs

m dwt

INTERTANKO Human Elementin Shipping Committee

• Will consider the attraction, training and retention of seafarers

• examine i.a. the interaction of the human element with aspects of ship design and operation,

• the development of enhanced compliance cultures, etc.

On board Computer Based Training

(CBT)

What is CBT

The term Computer Based Training covers a broad range of programs which vary from:

• simple “power point” style• more sophisticated and interactive programs /

simulators.

CBT’s in use onboard

The most common CBT’s used on board today are of the “power point presentation” type

How does CBT stimulate learning

We can simplify the ingredients of learning as:

Memorising

Understanding

Doing

M. U. D.

Knowledge Transfer

THE most important element in any CBT is the information it can transfer to the learner

THE CONTENT

Accreditation

Approval or accreditation of courses that use CBT is done by some Maritime Administrations for a limited number of subjects related to STCW competencies.

Challenges for Accrediting Authorities

• It takes a great deal of time and effort to verify both the functionality of a CBT and the validity of its content.

• Consequently the number of courses that are currently approved by a qualified authority is rather small – but growing.

Advantages of CBT

• Learner- centred • Trainees can learn a task or procedure

without suffering the consequences of getting it wrong

• CBT is a more cost effective means of training• Consistency of knowledge transfer

• Flexibility

Advantages of CBT

• When used on board, the learner is accessing CBT’s close to the point where acquired skills will be applied thereby facilitating knowledge transfer.

• It is particularly suited to Type Specific Training.

Advantages of CBT

• There is a growing body of evidence which supports the view that CBT programs can have a positive influence on safety, environmental awareness and operational proficiency.

Advantages of CBT

• The time-consuming tasks such as marking and record keeping are performed by the program. A particular advantage in a working environment where senior personnel are already heavily burdened with other administrative tasks.

CBT and Competence Management

• Maintaining a record of all learning events is an integral part of any competence Management System.

• CBT programs are able to record computer based learning events and assessment results automatically.

• Where a company invests in their own ship specific CBT’s they not only develop a training tool but create an inventory of specialised knowledge required for the safe and efficient operation of their fleet.

Computer Based Assessment

• Computer based assessment provides an effective means of monitoring competence both during service aboard as well as ashore.

• More sophisticated programs provide a comprehensive record of training and assessment and functions that allow results to be analysed from which training needs can be ascertained.

Computer Based AssessmentComputer Based Assessment

• A deficiency in critical knowledge is A deficiency in critical knowledge is identifiedidentified

Measuring the Benefits

Many shore based industries have embraced CBT and various studies indicate that learning objectives are achieved more quickly with CBT compared to conventional instructor led training.

CBT On Board

As part of a blend of learning events, integrated into a properly managed competence development system, CBT should be able to deliver measurable results in safety and operational proficiency, and cost savings.

INTERTANKO Initiatives

• INTERTANKO encourages its members to provide cadet berths on their ships, and to provide for such accommodation when designing newbuildings.

• The Association encourages the provision of training facilities on ships – desks, chairs, manuals, DVD equipment.

• encourages members who have not used onboard CBT as a learning tool to evaluate the free, trial disks available from the Secretariat

THANK YOU

www.intertanko.com

www.themaritimefoundation.com

www.shippingfacts.com