contraception. the bizarre history of contraception
TRANSCRIPT
CONTRACEPTION
THE BIZARRE HISTORY OF CONTRACEPTION
Contraception used to consist of drinking urine
eating animal parts,
Drinking olive oil, ginger, tobacco juice,
Eating crocodile dung, dried testicles of a weasel, or earwax of a mule
ContraceptionBarrier Method - a form of contraception that prevents the sperm from entering the vagina or kills the sperm before it enters the uterus. Prevents some STI transmission and pregnancy.
Hormonal Method- a form of contraception that introduces hormones (Estrogen / progesterone) into a woman’s body preventing ovulation. Only prevents pregnancy NOT STI’s
Sterilization / Permanent-preventing/removing vital parts of the reproductive system (cant work correctly)
Contraceptive (Cont…)There are other types of birth control that do not fall into the three main categories.
We will simply call these (Other)
BarrierCondomCervical CapDiaphragm*Spermicides
HormonalThe Pill
The PatchNuvaRing
LunelleDeproProvera
ImplantsIUD
SterilizationTubal Ligation
Vasectomy
OtherFertility
AwarenessWithdrawl
IUD
Choosing a method
PRICE
EFFECTIVENESS
EASE OF USE – COMFORT LEVEL
PRESCRIPTION
MEDICAL HISTORY
FREQUENCY OF USE
AbstinenceMaking the decision to wait until you are truly ready for a sexual relationship
Abstaining means not engaging in any sexual relations
This is the only method that is “FOOL PROOF” for effectiveness and STD protection
The best way to avoid a teen pregnancy and STI
100% Effective
Spermicides
They come in many forms: foams, gels, film
Placed inside vagina to cover cervix and kill sperm
Work well in combination with male condoms
80 - 70% Effective(other)
Withdrawal
Unprotected sex in which ejaculation occurs outside of the vagina
“Pulling Out”
90 - 70% Effective
Fertility awareness
No sex during ovulation
Uses calendar to keep track of when the female is most fertile
Also called rhythm method
75% Effective
http://www.plannedparenthood.org/health-topics/birth-control/fertility-awareness-4217.htm
IUD
Intra Uterine Device
Object placed in the uterus to prevent fertilization
Checked by females periodically (feel for
string)
99% Effective(Other)
mirena
Modified version of the IUD
Can be left in for 5 years
Uses the hormone Progesterone
The pillKnown as oral contraceptives
A hormone tablet is taken daily to prevent ovulation
No protection from STD’s
Tricks the body into thinking it is pregnantHormonal Method
90 - 99% Effective
The Patch
1 ¾ inch patch worn for a week
This contains estrogen and progesterone
Hormonal Method
90 - 99% Effective
Nuvaring2 inch circle laced in hormones that is placed against the cervix for 3 weeks at a time
The ring is removed during menstruationHormonal Method
90 - 99% Effective
Depo Provera
A hormone injection every 3 months to prevent ovulation
No protection against STD’s
A shot of progesterone that a Doctor must inject every 3 months
94 - 99% EffectiveHormonalMethod
Norplant
6 silicon rods are placed under the skin in the female’s upper arm
They time release hormones to prevent ovulation for 5 years
Norplant cost about $500 to $800 dollars
99% Effective
Male condom
Latex sperm barrier that fits over the penis
It is very effective when used and stored properly
May provide great protection from STD’s
Compared to other methods98 - 80% Effective (98% perfect use)
Barrier Method
Comparing the 2 condoms
Female condom
Sperm Barrier/ comes with spermicide
The closed end fits against the cervix with the open end at the entrance to the vagina
95 - 79% Effective(95% perfect use)(Barrier Method)
Diaphragm
Dome shaped rubber bowl
A sperm barrier is filled with jelly or spermicide and placed against the cervix
It must stay in at least 6 to 8 hours after sex
80 - 90% Effective(Barrier Method)
Cervical cap
This is basically the same as the diaphragm only smaller
It is easier to get in, but sometimes harder to get out
70 - 85% Effective(Barrier Method)
vasectomy
Vas Deferens are cut and tied, clamped, or cut and burned so that there is no sperm or semen
99% EffectivePermanent
Tubal Ligation
Fallopian tubes are cut and tied, clamped, or cut and burned so that no eggs can reach the uterus
99% EffectivePermanent
Plan B (Morning After Pill)
The Morning After Pill is takenWithin three days of intercourse
It does not allow an egg to attachBy causing menstruation to occur
This pill causes a drastic increase inProgesterone, and is not considered
A form of contraception
Up to 89% EffectiveHormonal
http://www.go2planb.com/
Can be purchased if You are over 17
RU 486 (Abortion Pill)
Taken once egg is implanted into endometrium (Up to 7 weeks with 92% success
Forces endometrium to be shed
Some women have died from this type of medical abortion
http://www.ru486facts.org/index.cfm?page=whatto