cooperative learning
DESCRIPTION
Cooperative Learning. AN OVERVIEW BY MARIANNE KENNEY, SECONDARY SOCIAL STUDIES INSTRUCTIONAL SPECIALIST CREATED FOR MONTBELLO HIGH SCHOOL March 9, 2009. Today’s Goals:. By the end of our time together we have: Engaged in a study of cooperative learning - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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AN OVERVIEW BY
MARIANNE KENNEY, SECONDARY SOCIAL STUDIES INSTRUCTIONAL SPECIALIST
CREATED FOR MONTBELLO HIGH SCHOOL
March 9 , 2009
Cooperative Learning
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Today’s Goals:
By the end of our time together we have:Engaged in a study of cooperative learningExplore the benefits for studentsPractice several cooperative learning
methods to use in your classroom
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Cooperative Learning
Think – Pair - ShareWhat is it?
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Cooperative LearningWhat is it?
Cooperative learning is a successful teaching strategy in which small teams, each with students of varying abilities us a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject.
Each member of a team is responsible not only for learning what is taught, but also for helping teammates learn, thus creating an atmosphere of schievement.
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Important Management Technique: Quiet Signal
Qualities of a Good Signal Students can SEE it from anywhere in the room Students can HEAR it when they are interacting with their team It’s not overly annoying Students can spread the quiet signal to others Room should be quiet in 3 to 5 seconds.
Examples of Quiet Signals Teacher hold up hand Teacher claps twice Teacher taps chimes or xylophone Teachers turns the lights on and off quickly
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1. A statement is announced and students take a stand on an imaginary line which stretches from one end of the room to the other
2. Students line up without talking3. Students listen to similar points of view (those standing
next to them in line)4. Value line is folded, and then they play “Talking
Chips” or another communication skill structure.5. Examples: Agree/Disagree/which would you rather
be/birthdays/heights/alphabetical order
Ideas for my class?
Value Lines
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Value Line
Agree or Disagree:
I use cooperative learning in my classroom.10 = all the time 1 = not at all
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Values Line
Social Studies examples:The killing of innocents is never justifiedThe United States made the correct decision
in dropping the bomb on Nagasaki.The bombing of Dresden was an act of
terrorism.
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Talking Chips
Each student has one “talking chip.”Students place their chip in the center of the
team table each time they talk.Students can speak in any order, but cannot
speak a second time until all chips are in the center.
When all the chips have been placed (everyone has spoken), the chips are all collected and anyone in any order can speak again.
When groups complete task they high 5.Ideas for my class?
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Talking Chips
Discuss your personal experiences with cooperative learning from the perspective of a student.
What worked for you to aid your learning? What hindered you or served as a barrier to your learning?
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Benefits for Students
Traditional Only one task emphasized Social skills assumed and
ignored Teacher ignores or assumes
group functioning No group process No interdependence Homogeneous No individual accountability One appointed leader Responsibility only for self
Cooperative Task and maintenance
emphasized Social skills taught Teacher observes and
intervenes Group process their
effectiveness
Positive interdependence Heterogeneous Individual accountability Shared leadership Shared responsibility for each
other
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How Do I Assure Positive Interdependence
Model group behaviorGive students precise verbiage to usePractice, practice, practice
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Rallyrobin
Students form pairs within the team and take turns with their partner or listing ideas back and forth
After set time have pairs share and compare as a group.
Ideas for my classroom
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Rallyrobin
What is one important point you want to remember from the information that was just presented?
What are some of things you can use from this presentation?
Ask you partner a pop quiz question about what you have just learned
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How Do I Assure Individual Accountability?
Create smaller group sizes.Give individual assessments.Periodically check for understanding –
student reports for another’s point of viewObserve groups and record progress and
contributionsAsk groups to assess team performance.
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How can you build accountability?
One set of answers for a groupOne worksheetJigsaw materialsOne set of materials/tools to shareDifferent colored pensSame grade
Without positive interdependence there is no motivation to cooperate
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More on accountability
Use signaturesSpot check student workRandomly call on studentsDifferent colored pensThe message is:1. You must do your fair share of the work.2. You must master the material being learned.3. You will be held accountable for your share
of the work and mastering the learning
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Be Explicit
Explain the academic task and learning objectives
Structure Positive Goal InterdependenceStructure Individual AccountabilityStructure Inter-group Cooperation
Social skillsRole play what “listening” is and is notDiscuss how it feels to be ignored or not
listened
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Time Activities
Intentionally structure timeStick to itUse a kitchen timer in class
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Numbered Heads Together
Teacher has students number off in their group.
The teacher poses a question.Students put heads togetherTeacher calls time and spins to see which
team member will answer the question.Team member that answers cannot have any
help from team mates.Ideas for my classroom?
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Numbered Heads Together
Explain what the following people, places or events have in common.
Napoleon Bonaparte Adolf HitlerMao Tse-Tung Saparurat NiyazovKim Jong Il Saddam Hussein
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And the answer is…
All of these are leaders who have used propaganda and the media to create cult of personalities, to gain or maintain power.
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Numbered Heads Together
Explain what the following people, places or events have in common.
The requirement that South African blacks carry passes.
The encomienda system in colonial Latin America.Ukrainian collectives under Josef Stalin.Mao’s Cultural Revolution in China.
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And the answer is…
All are ways that one group ( a minority) dominated and/or subjugated another group (the masses) in order to keep control and power.
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Numbered Heads Together
Explain what the following people, places or events have in common.
The Hutu and Tutsi after the Rwandan genocide. The Union and Confederacy after the American Civil War. East and West Germany after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Serbs and Croats after Slobodan Milosevic. Red and Blue states after the 2000 election.
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And the answer is…
These time periods all demonstrate the difficulties involved in reuniting after a bitter conflict because of long-standing hatred, mistrust or abuse.
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Show Down
Teacher reads a questionStudents write answer on white boards
making sure no one else sees their answer.Teacher announces “Show Down.”Students compare answers and make sure
everyone in the group has the right answer.When groups complete task they celebrate
with a high 5.
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Show Down
Explain what the following people, places or events have in common.
Kashmir PalestineTibet Former Yugoslavia
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And the answer is…
In all these places, long-standing conflicts occurred over land with strong cultural, ethnic and/or religious meaning.
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Show Down
Explain what the following people, places or events have in common.
The Byzantine Empire Mesopotamia Ancient Rome Ancient Greece Egypt Jamestown
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And the answer is…
These are all examples that demonstrate how geographic location and advantage can contribute to the success and longevity of a civilization.
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How Do I Assure Equal Participation and Simultaneous Interaction
Questions to AskEqual Participation: How equal is the
participation?Simultaneous Interaction: what
percentage of the class are active participants in any one moment
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Inside-Outside Circle
Discuss with your partner what you found valuable about today’s workshop.
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Inside-Outside Circle
What structure are you going to try this week and how are you going to use it?
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Remember
If you are not having fun, neither is anybody else!
Use cooperative learning structures to turn your teaching into fun and active learning.
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Cooperative Learning
“What children can do together today, they can do alone
tomorrow.”Vygotsky