COOPERATIVE LEARNING

COOPERATIVE LEARNING

Cooperative Learning is one of the most successful instructional strategies studied in the past two decades. Simply put, Cooperative Learning is learning mediated by the learners rather than the instructor. In Cooperative Learning, learners work in groups to teach themselves the content being covered.

Why use Cooperative Learning?

Cooperative Learning is an instructional strategy that allows learners to take over the role of instructor.

Cooperative Learning promotes equality in the learning session by allowing every participant to assume the role of instructor.

Cooperative Learning provides an opportunity for learners who may not wish to speak out in a larger group a more comfortable setting in which to voice their opinions.

What are the elements of Cooperative Learning?

Cooperative Learning can involve groups of any size, from two learners to very large groups; however, triads are often considered ideal. Cooperative Learning ses- sions can be used as a way for groups to cover material, problem solve, brainstorm, or invent new ideas

Peer Tutoring

Peer Tutoring

Peer tutoring is the process between two or more students in a group where one of the students acts as a tutor for the other group-mates.

Theoretical Background

It is useful to define two types of peer tutoring, (a) incidental and (b) structured peer tutoring.

1. Incidental peer tutoring often takes place, either at school or while students are playing after school or when they are socializing.

2. Structured peer tutoring refers to implemented in specific cases and for specific subjects, following a well-structured plan prepared by the teacher.

Advantages of peer tutoring

• Children understand easily tutors who are children, since they are cognitively closer to each other.

• Peer tutoring not only ensures a good level of effective and efficient communication and cooperation in favour of the tutees but also acts at the benefit of student-tutors as well.

TUTORS

• Help students increase their own understanding of the subject matter as they tutor students in/on, which boosts confidence and can carry over to their desire to learn other subjects

• Practice students’ communication skills with junior students

• Give tutors an opportunity to develop their own leadership skills

TUTEES

• Help tutees feel more at ease, and concentrate better on the subject matter, with a peer tutor rather than a professional teacher or consultant.

• According to Goodlad and Hirst (1989), there are four main benefits for tutees when they seek out peer help:– Tutees receive individualized instruction– Tutees receive more teaching– Tutees (may) respond better to their peers than to their teachers– Tutees can obtain companionship from the students that tutor them

TEACHERS

• Peer tutoring is also beneficial to teachers who may not have the time to spend with each of their students one-on-one.

• Help the subject lecturer break the whole class into small groups so that students have the chance to learn in a more intimate environment, which allow them to take more initiative.

PARTNER LEARNING

PARTNER LEARNING

PARTNER LEARNING- can provide a one-on-one learning situation for students in any educational environment.- a view of individualized instruction using a different teaching mode.

• The students are allowed to discussed their subjects with their partners whenever they think such discussion will be an advantage to learning the material that is being presented.

• The students are allowed sometimes in class to work with a question with their partners to discover if they understand the material being presented whenever the teacher thinks it will be an advantage.