copenhagen 2
TRANSCRIPT
Soren Kierkegaard: “I regard the whole of Copenhagen as one of great social
gathering”
Copenhagen
● World renowned cycling facilities
● Pedestrian oriented
● High Accessibility
● Character
● Mixed land use
● Active
City of Copenhagen
Jan Gehl● Danish architect and urban design consultant
● Influential in the transformation of
copenhagen
● Best known for the Stroget
● Stresses the importance of cycling within
communities
Stroget● Pedestrian oriented
● Walkable
● Comfortable
● Safe
● Accessible
Pedestrian and Bicycle only Streets
Finger Plan
Transportation Authorities
Danish Ministry Of Transport
The Danish Transport Authority
Greater Copenhagen Authority
Copenhagen Metro Movia (Bus Company)
DSB (Railway Company)
ROAD DIRECTORATE
Road Directorate
● Government Agency- The " tool "used by the government, ministry of transport, parliament and public to promote and develop the road system in Denmark.
● Influences: ○ planning, construction, operation, service, maintenance of main
country highways.
● Cooperates with local and regional authorities
● Implemented the Road Sector Information System (VIS)○ Owned by the directorate and regional authorities jointly○ Contains national and regional data about roads, bridges, pavements,
traffic, accidents
Movia● 2007 Municipal Reform
● Trafikselskabet Movia: agency responsible for buses in Copenhagen
● Movia does not own any of the lines they pay subcontractors to run them
● Movia is trying to introduce contactless "smartcards" as a new fare system (Rejsekort)
● Operates 24 hr/day
Movia Map
DSB (Danish State Railways)
● DSB is the largest Danish train operating company, and the largest in Scandinavia
● Responsible for passenger train operation on most of the Danish railways
● Founded in 1885
● DSB is an independent public state-owned corporation under the Danish Ministry of Transport and Energy since 1999
Copenhagen Metro
● Rapid Transit System
● Orestand Act 1992, Metro Planning Act
● Driverless light Metro that aids the larger S-Train rapid transit system.
● It is owned by Metroselskabet (owned by the Municipality of Copenhagen and the Ministry of Transport)
● January 7th 2011 "Cityringen" (project that would add two extra lines)
○
http://metrorailmap.blogspot.com/search/label/Copenhagen
Current Metro System
New Metro System (Line M3 and M4 added)
Amagerbro StationRapid transit station
Cycling Network in Copenhagen
Transportation Planning:[History of Cycling in Copenhagen]
● 1892 -● 1907 -● 1934 -● 1940 -● 1950 -
● 1970 -
● 1980 -● 1990's -
● First bicycle path in Copenhagen● Copenhagen is top cycling city in Europe● First cycling race (spectator sport)● Recreational bicycle routes in green spaces● Automobile affordability increase
Bicycling popularity decrease ● Modal share of bicycles at an all time low of
10%● Energy crisis causes "Cycling Renaissance"● City of Copenhagen pushes to increase
cycling in the municipality and transportation planning involving cycling begins
Transportation Planning:[Cycling Policies]
● 1996 - ● Copenhagen released its first bicycle account○ Consisting of 10 Key Indicators:
■ budget allocated to cycling infrastructure
■ length of the bicycle network
■ modal share
■ number of cyclists
■ accident statistics
■ cyclists opinion on infrastructure
■ cyclist opinion on maintenance
■ perceived sense of safety
■ citizens an overview the city's plans for cycling
■ initiatives initiated since the last account was published
Transportation Planning:[Cycling Policies]
● 1997 -
● 2000 -
● 2001 -
● Municipal Development Plan○ introduced a new concept of green bicycle routes○ coherent network of cycle routes○ off street routes through parks and other open green
areas
● City released a proposal for a network of 22 green bicycle routes with a total length of 110 km
● "Cycle policy 2002 - 2012"○ prioritize cycling in city planning○ coordinate initiatives for improvements of cycling
conditions○ increase in modal share from 34% to 40%
Transportation Planning:[Cycling Policies]
● 2006 -
● 2007 -
● 2011 -
● "Cycle Track Priority Plan 2006-2016"○ 70 kilometres of new cycle tracks and cycle lanes will
be established in the 10 years covered by plan
● "Action plan for safe bicycle traffic 2007-2012"○ goal of reducing the number of accidents by 50%
compared to 1996
● Municipal council unanimously adopted the new cycling strategy, "good, better, best – The City of Copenhagen’s Bicycle Strategy 2011-2025"○ replaces the previous cycling policy covering the years
2002 to 2012○ increase the modal share of the bicycle to 50% of
commuter trips
Trends in cycle use in Copenhagen
Copenhagen Bicycle Rush Hour
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-Un1RJ-P_w
Environmental Policies Reduce CO2 emissions
Increase amount of green areas and improve access to themPromote walking, cycling and public transit
Climate Plan 2025
Drawbacks: Planning
Finger plan seems to be getting congested○ Street widening is currently being considered
As inner city develops○ Increased automobile congestion in fingers○ Increased cycling congestion
Drawbacks
Police have excessive power
● Veto proposed changes
● Lack of knowledge
○ Focus on automobiles
○ Cycling is unsafe?
● Oppose decreasing
speed limits
ConclusionFocused on improving quality of life
● Strict Environmental Initiatives
● Transportation Agencies
● Policy
● Multimodal Infrastructure
Bibliography
● http://www.international.fhwa.dot.gov/pubs/pl10010/ch02.cfm
● http://www.copenhagenize.com/2012/09/the-state-of-copenhagen-congestion-part_3.html
● http://www.eltis.org/docs/tools/THI-Thomas_Budde_Christensen_Tyge_Kj_r.pdf
● http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&rlz=1C1GGGE_enUS508US508&biw=1280&bih=923&tbm=isch&tbnid=J9vN9FdH4oNe6M:&imgrefurl=http://www.except.nl/consult/pedestrianizationtools/pedestrianizationtools1.html&docid=W9AdjaXDn9N9TM&imgurl=http://www.except.nl/consult/pedestrianizationtools/Fig%25252011%252520-%252520Copenhagen_ped_map.jpg&w=1050&h=400&ei=AF2VUPmVGKm60QHPnoG4BA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=148&vpy=176&dur=4737&hovh=138&hovw=364&tx=127&ty=83&sig=103525647615985306105&page=1&tbnh=99&tbnw=262&start=0&ndsp=29&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0,i:77
● http://www.metropolismag.com/html/content_0802/ped/
● http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&rlz=1C1GGGE_enUS508US508&biw=1280&bih=923&tbm=isch&tbnid=yZ6C0opuMibyBM:&imgrefurl=http://switchboard.nrdc.org/blogs/kbenfield/copenhagens_10point_plan_for_a.html&docid=e5a1gPXHnuKkMM&imgurl=http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2467/3694077239_b0712400e6_o.jpg&w=490&h=326&ei=YOeWUMbSHOS90QHZzYC4Cg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=296&sig=102369845098272562881&page=1&tbnh=140&tbnw=218&start=0&ndsp=25&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:68&tx=175&ty=71
● http://www.google.com/imgres?hl=en&sa=X&biw=624&bih=895&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=h-g1R5imgy2oJM:&imgrefurl=http://kjoller.eu/blog/2007/09/11/grontmij-carl-bro-summer-school/&docid=dF0_ggDojx7FKM&imgurl=http://kjoller.eu/media/legacy-uploads/2007/09/fingerplan.jpg&w=470&h=470&ei=_fSWUMbbA5Sw0QHXpoHwBQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=310&sig=102369845098272562881&page=1&tbnh=107&tbnw=87&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0,i:86&tx=58&ty=53
● http://www.copenhagenize.com/2012/09/the-state-of-copenhagen-congestion-part_3.html