Coping With Stress: Coping With Stress:

Smoking: Chapter 14Drinking: Chapter 15

Relaxation: Chapter 11

Smoking, Drinking, Stress: Smoking, Drinking, Stress:

What’s the connection?

Does stress increase addictive behaviors

Vice verse?

TobaccoTobacco

Chapter 14

Trends in Tobacco Use: Trends in Tobacco Use: 20th Century: cigarettes

manufactured – “working class” smokers

1920’s: Sophisticated and fashionable – women increase

1960’s: 40% of adult Americans smoke

Tobacco Industry is BIG Tobacco Industry is BIG MONEYMONEY6th largest cash crop in US2.5% of GNP = tobaccoPolitical Lobby:

Individual rights vs.Known Health risks / economic

impact vs.Tobacco companies

First Blow: Health risksFirst Blow: Health risks1964: Surgeon General Report

Positively links smoking with:Heart DiseaseCancerRequires warnings on cigarette

packsTV and Radio ads BANNED

Current Statistics: Current Statistics: 25% of adults smokeHighest smoking states:

Kentucky, Missouri, ArkansasLowest Smoking states:

Utah, California, HawaiiHOW Is tobacco being marketed?

Tobacco Advertising:Tobacco Advertising:Sponsors: Tournaments,

special events, athletic teamsFull Page Ads in magazines: Free Pop Music concerts:Billboards (Joe Camel), neon

signs etc.

Discuss: Who’s Really to Discuss: Who’s Really to Blame?Blame?

Why do people smoke?

1. What makes them start?

2. What makes them stay?

Smoking and Stress:Smoking and Stress:Psychological Dependency:

“Relax”Associated with coffee, alcohol, social

gatherings, following mealsSocial “rituals” hard to break

Physical Addiction: 6-8 times as powerful as alcoholNicotine affects CNS within secondsActs both as stimulant and relaxant

Quitting is so hard to do: Quitting is so hard to do: Take the “test”: Lab 14A- BTake the “test”: Lab 14A- B

Physical Addiction“Habitual addiction”MotivationStress Connection

Reasons to Quit:Reasons to Quit:Health: Smoking is the largest

preventable cause of illness and premature death in U.S.

Example: Who is looking up to you?

Aesthetics: Appearance, smellMastery: Are you (or tobacco)

the master of your life?

AlcoholAlcohol

Chapter 15:280-282

Alcohol: Delicate BalanceAlcohol: Delicate BalanceCNS

Depressant Impairs: Motor

coordination, reaction time, peripheral vision, hearing, judgment, inhibitions

Is it All Bad?Is it All Bad?Responsible Drinking:

Enhances social enjoymentReduces risk of CVD: (3-5

drinks/week)Takes “the edge” off of a rough

day…enhances relaxationBALANCE AND MODERATION is

the key!

The Problem?The Problem?Binge drinking (5+ drinks in one

sitting)Risky behaviors during

intoxication: Unprotected sexOther drug useDWIDomestic Violence

Death By Drinking:Death By Drinking: Alcohol Abuse

Kills Accidents Accidental

Overdose Suicide Chronic Alcoholic

Syndromes

And Academic And Academic Consequences?Consequences?Missing classMemory impairmentPoor preparation for exams or

other assignments

Drinksweek

GPAA B C D or F

3.54.9

6.710.9

Discuss: Discuss: How would you go about telling

a friend that he/she has a drinking problem?

What are some alternatives to “Bladder Buster” entertainment in Wayne America?

Alcohol and Stress Alcohol and Stress Issues:Issues:Legal AgeResponsible Community

MembersModerate Use – Not to

“medicate” (avoid facing problems) but to soothe

Abuse and Addiction:Abuse and Addiction:Abuse:

> 1-2 drinks / dayUnderage drinkingBinge drinking – related behaviors

Addiction - alcoholism: Impaired control over drinkingPreoccupation with drinkingDenial of “a problem”

Abuse and Addiction Abuse and Addiction Always Affects Loved OnesAlways Affects Loved Ones

Interferes with open communication

Intensifies conflicts

Other: Violence, promiscuity, financial irresponsibility

Authentic Stress Authentic Stress ManagementManagement

Health, Wellness and RelaxationChapter 11

Stress and Immune Stress and Immune Function:Function:Stress Hormones:

Epinepherine (short acting)Cortisol (long acting)

Stress Response: Immune system is activated

Negative Feedback: Normal response is to “back off” once

activated

Cortisol and Immune Cortisol and Immune Function:Function:Normal:

Cortisol Activates Immune Cells Turns off Cortisol

Hyperactive:Excess Cortisol Exhausts Immune Cells

Bone Loss Blood sugar dysfunction Hypoactive: Cytokines compensate

Increase Inflammatory Syndromes

Stress and Exercise: Stress and Exercise: Exercise: Diffuses

physiological “stress” responseReduces Cortisol after exerciseReduces Insulin Lowers Blood PressureLess likely to overeat, drink or

smoke

Other Stress Ailments:Other Stress Ailments:More coldsMore headachesGI distressAsthmaSkin disordersAging and memory deficit“What was I going to my car to get?…”

Stress Busters: Stress Busters: ExerciseDeep Breathing: Also yoga or

tai chiProgressive Muscle

RelaxationLab: Progressive Relaxation, BreathingAnd Playful exercise!