Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Improving Multidisciplinary Optimizaton Methods in AEC

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Principal Investigators

John Haymaker, Assistant Professor of CEEIlan Kroo, Professor of Aero / Astro

Research Staff

Forest Flager, Ph.D. candidate of CEEBen Welle, Ph.D. candidate of CEE

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Overview

(1) Industry Drivers / Limitations

(2) Applying MDO Methods to AEC

(3) Research Plan / Team

(4) Value Proposition

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Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

INDUSTRY DRIVERS / LIMITATIONS

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Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Industry Drivers

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sustainability schedule globalization cost

25% reduction in life-cycle costs

significantly reduce time to

market

deliver majority of services from global markets

deliver within 2% of estimated cost

• balance capital cost with

operating costs / environmental

impact

• improve productivity

• support distributed

teams

• leverage construction knowledge

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

We Have the Technology

Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) tools:• used earlier in the design process • increasing number of disciplines supported

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Structure Energy Facade Lighting

CFD Acoustics Cost Schedule

Analysis toolsAnalysis tools

2Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design

DAYLIGHT (RADIANCE, ECOTECT)

ACOUSTIC (ECOTECT)

CFD (FLUENT, FLOVENT)

STRUCTURAL (ETABS, SAP2000)

SOLAR RADIATION (ECOTECT, IES)

SHADOW (ECOTECT)

Analysis toolsAnalysis tools

2Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design

DAYLIGHT (RADIANCE, ECOTECT)

ACOUSTIC (ECOTECT)

CFD (FLUENT, FLOVENT)

STRUCTURAL (ETABS, SAP2000)

SOLAR RADIATION (ECOTECT, IES)

SHADOW (ECOTECT)

Analysis toolsAnalysis tools

2Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design

DAYLIGHT (RADIANCE, ECOTECT)

ACOUSTIC (ECOTECT)

CFD (FLUENT, FLOVENT)

STRUCTURAL (ETABS, SAP2000)

SOLAR RADIATION (ECOTECT, IES)

SHADOW (ECOTECT)

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

How is Current Practice Doing?

Survey results [1]:

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Iteration Duration

Iterations per ProjectInitial Subsequent

7 wks 5 wks 2.8Manage In-formation

58%Plan6%

Execute36%

Where time is spentDesign iteration metrics

New design methods and computational frameworks are required to fully benefit from progress in IT

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

APPLYING MDO METHODS TO AEC

Boeing’s Rapid Conceptual Design (RCD) Process [1]

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Related Research

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Design Process Management MDO Optimization in AEC

• Design Structure Matrix (Steward, Smith, et al.)

• Narratives (Haymaker, Suter)

• Collaborative Opt. (Braun and Kroo)

• Concurrent Subspace Opt. (Sobieszszanski-Sobieski)

• Trial and error• Evolutionary Algorithms (Kicinger, Parmee, et al.)

• Simulated Annealing (Shea)

System-level Optimizer

SubspaceOptimizer

Analysis

SubspaceOptimizer

Analysis

SubspaceOptimizer

Analysis

System-level Optimizer

Analysis Analysis Analysis

MEMBER SIZING

SE

SHAPE DESIGN

A + SE + ME

TOPOLOGY DESIGN

A + SE + ME + FE

N-S BaysE-W Bays

N-S BaysE-W Bays

Arch HeightFrame Depth

AestheticsSteel WeightMember Util

AestheticsSteel WeightMember Util

x

y

z

ANALYSIS LAYER

Element list: "bottomSurf_real"

Scale: 1:985.4

Area, A: 1250. cm²/pic.cm

700.0 cm²

600.0 cm²

500.0 cm²

400.0 cm²

300.0 cm²

200.0 cm²

100.0 cm²

80.00 cm²

60.00 cm²

40.00 cm²

20.00 cm²

0.0 cm²

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Research Goals

Develop and apply MDO methods that meet theparticular needs of the AEC industry to:

• Compress design cycle time• Explore more alternatives• Achieve substantive product quality and

performance gains• Reduce time to market

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Research Goals

Develop and apply MDO methods that meet theparticular needs of the AEC industry to: • Understand coupling between analyses• Function with AEC organizations• Visualize tradeoffs• Improve interoperability

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

RESEARCH PLAN / TEAM

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Design problems addressed:

Disciplines Involved:Topology Shape Component

Sizing

Research Scope

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• Structure• Energy• Cost

• Daylighting• Thermal Comfort

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Design Problems Addressed Disciplines Involved

Topology• Structure• Energy• Cost • Daylighting• Thermal Comfort

Shape

Member Sizing

Research Scope

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Design Problems Addressed Disciplines Involved

Topology• Structure• Energy• Cost • Daylighting• Thermal Comfort

Shape

Member Sizing

Research Scope

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Design Problems Addressed Disciplines Involved

Topology• Structure• Energy• Cost • Daylighting• Thermal Comfort

Shape

Member Sizing

Research Scope

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Design Problems Addressed Disciplines Involved

Topology• Structure• Energy• Cost • Daylighting• Thermal Comfort

Shape

Member Sizing

Research Scope

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Research Phases

(1) Proof of Concept – Classroom MDO

(2) Scaling MDO for Industry Application

(3) Develop General MDA Tools

(4) Industry Application of New MDO Methods

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Proof of Concept – Classroom MDO (Phase 1)

Research Tasks Parties Involved

1. Compare commercial PIDO platforms

• Staff• PIDO vendors

2. Evaluate PIDO on Classroom case study [2]

• Staff• Phoenix Integration• Gehry Technologies

1818

supported by 2008 proposal

=

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Research Schedule(Phase 1)

CAPABILITIES

Component Properties Geometry Topology IFC import

/ export

ANALYSES

Structure (GSA)       

Energy (EnergyPlus)     

Cost (various)   

Daylighting (Radiance)

Thermal (Fluent)

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Industry Application

== R+D

Apr-08 Apr-10

Apr-08 Apr-10

Apr 08 - Jul 08

Phase 1

Jul-08 - Dec-08

Phase 2

Today

Today

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Results(Phase 1)

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Reid Senescu and John Haymaker

• Automation• Integration• Trades

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Scaling MDO for Industry Application (Phase 2)

Research Tasks Parties Involved

1. Apply to industry project [3] •Arup• Phoenix Integration

2. Automate structural member sizing process

• Arup• Phoenix Integration

3. Develop member sizing optimization algorithm • Arup

• Phoenix Integration

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supported by 2008 proposal

=

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Research Schedule(Phase 2)

CAPABILITIES

Component Properties Geometry Topology IFC import

/ export

ANALYSES

Structure (GSA)       

Energy (EnergyPlus)     

Cost (various)   

Daylighting (Radiance)

Thermal (Fluent)

22

Industry Application

== R+D

Apr-08 Apr-10

Apr-08 Apr-10

Apr 08 - Jul 08

Phase 1

Jul-08 - Dec-08

Phase 2

Today

Today

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

xy

z

ANALYSIS LAYER

Element list: "upper plane"

Scale: 1:992.5

x

y

z

ANALYSIS LAYERElement list: 2456

Scale: 1:7.091

x y

z

ANALYSIS LAYER

Element list: 1939 1940

Scale: 1:17.88x

y

z

ANALYSIS LAYER

Element list: 2106 2107

Scale: 1:12.60

Universal Beam (UB) Section

Rectangular HollowSection (RHS)

Circular HollowSection (CHS)

Results(Phase 2)

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Design Method

Design Iteration

Time Duration

TotalCompleted

Conventional 4 hours 39

MDO 6 min 8042

Conventional MDO 0

500

1000

1500 1414

1146

Total Steel Weight (metric tons) $10 Million

(Est. Savings)

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Develop General MDA Tools(Phase 3)

Research Tasks Parties Involved

1. Develop topology trade study capability

(structure, energy cost)

• Research Assistant• Phoenix Integration

2. Develop IFC parser • Research Assistant• AEC3

3. Develop general analysis capability (daylighting, thermal comfort)

• Sustainable Innovations• FPCE, ME Dept, Stanford

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to be supportedby this proposal

=

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Research Schedule(Phase 3)

CAPABILITIES

Component Properties Geometry Topology IFC import

/ export

ANALYSES

Structure (GSA)       

Energy (EnergyPlus)     

Cost (various)   

Daylighting (Radiance)

Thermal (Fluent)

25

Industry Application

== R+D

Apr-08 Apr-10

Apr-08 Apr-10

Today

Jan-09 - Dec-09

Phase 3

Jun-09 - Apr-10

Phase 4

Today

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Expected Results(Phase 3)

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Industry Application of MDO (Phase 4)

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to be supportedby this proposal

=

Research Tasks Parties Involved

1. Apply MDO to Industry Projects

CIFE MEMBERS:• Arup• Gehry Technologies• ?

2. Document Case Studies • Project stakeholders

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Apr-08 Apr-10

Apr-08 Apr-10

Today

Jan-09 - Dec-09

Phase 3

Jun-09 - Apr-10

Phase 4

Today

Research Schedule(Phase 4)

CAPABILITIES

Component Properties Geometry Topology IFC import

/ export

ANALYSES

Structure (GSA)       

Energy (EnergyPlus)     

Cost (various)   

Daylighting (Radiance)

Thermal (Fluent)

28

Industry Application

== R+D

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Expected Results(Phase 4)

Develop and apply MDO methods that meet theparticular needs of the AEC industry to:

• Compress design cycle time

• Explore more alternatives

• Achieve substantive product quality and performance gains

• Reduce time to market

29

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Research Team

Principal Investigators

John HaymakerAssist. Prof., CEEStanford Univeristy

Ilan KrooProf., Aero / AstroStanford University

StaffForest FlagerPhD cand., CEEStanford University

Benjamin WellePhD cand., CEEStanford University

CollaboratorsGrant SoremekunApplication Eng.Phoenix Integration

Kristina SheaAssist. Prof., METU Munich

Industry Involvement

• Phoenix Integration• Arup • Gehry Technologies• AEC 3

• Sustainable Innovations• Microsoft• Dell

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

VALUE PROPOSITION

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Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

How Your Investment Has Been Leveraged

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42%

27%

15%

2%15%

Chart Title

Hardware / Software Research Staff Staff Tuition + SalaryMisc.Professional Services

Project Budget

Proposal Budget

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Impact of Research on CIFE 2015 Goals

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Reid Senescu and John Haymaker

Conven-tional

MDO 0

500

1000

1500

Steel Weight$10

Million

sustainability schedule globalization cost

25% reduction in life-cycle costs

significantly reduce time to

market

deliver majority of services from global markets

deliver within 2% of estimated cost

Design Method

IterationTime

Current 4 hours

MDO 6 min

Copyright 2009

Improving MDO in AEC

CIFE TAC 2009

Research Deliverables to CIFE Members

• Publications• Participate in case study projects• Training sessions• Process assessment• Access to software

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