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COTTON COLLEGE STATE UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

Postgraduate Political Science Syllabus

DISTRIBUTION OF PAPERS/CREDITS (L+T+P format)

Semester – I

Paper Code Paper Name Credits PSC 701C Political Theory – I 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 702C International Relations: Theoretical Aspects 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 703C Public Administration: Concepts and Theories 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 704C Politics in India - I 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 705E Social and Political Thoughts of Modern India 2 + 1 + 0

Semester – II Paper Code Paper Name Credits PSC 801C Political Theory - II 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 802C Contemporary World Politics: Issues and Challenges 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 803C Public Administration: Contemporary Issues 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 804C Politics in India - II 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 805E Indian Foreign Policy 2 + 1 + 0

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Semester – III Paper Code Paper Name Credits PSC 901C Research Methodology 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 902C Environment and Politics 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 903C Comparative Public Administration 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 904C Gender and Politics 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 905E Social Movements and Politics 2 + 1 + 0

Semester – IV Paper Code Paper Name Credits PSC 1001C Comparative Political Analysis 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 1002C State and Politics in North East India 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 1003C Public Policy 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 1004C Democracy and Human Rights 3 + 1 + 0 PSC 1005E Peace, Security and Conflict Resolution 2 + 1 + 0

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SEMESTER-I Paper: PSC 701C

POLITICAL THEORY - I

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit I: Early Modern Political Tradition 1. Renaissance: Impact on Political Theory. 2. Machiavelli: Views on State, Morality and Politics.

Unit II: Early Manifestation of Liberalism: Social Contract Tradition

1. Thomas Hobbes: State of Nature, State and Absolute Sovereignty. 2. John Locke: State of Nature, Natural Right and Limited Government. 3. Jean Jacques Rousseau: Social Contract, General Will and Democracy.

Unit III: Changing Discourse of Liberal Theory

1. Jeremy Bentham: Utilitarianism. 2. J.S. Mill: Concept of Liberty, Representational Government.

Unit IV: Contemporary Discourse on Liberty and Justice

1. John Rawls: Theory of ‘Justice as Fairness’. 2. Robert Nozick: Entitlement of Theory of Justice.

Reading list:

1. Dryzek, John S., Bonnie Honig and Anne Philips, (2006) The Oxford Handbook of Political Theory’, Oxford University Press

2. Morrow, John, (2005) History of Western Political Thought: A Thematic Introduction, Palgrave

3. Axford, Browning, Huggins, Rosamond and Turner (1997) Politics: An Introduction, Routledge

4. Fitzgerald, Ross Ed. (1980) Comparing Political Thinkers, Pergamon Press 5. Held, David (ed) (1991) Political Theory Today, Polity Press 6. Parekh, Bikhu (1982) Contemporary Political Thinkers, Oxford 7. H. Lessnofff, Michael, (1999) Political Philosophers of the Twentieth Century Blackwell

Publishers. 8. Leopold, David & Marc Stears (ed) (2008) Political Theory: Methods and Approaches,

Oxford 9. Garner, Robert (edt.) (2009) Introduction to Politics, Oxford university Press,U.K. 10. Jha, Shefali, (2009) Western Political Thought: From Plato to Marx, Pearson 11. Skeble, Aeon J (2007) Political Philosophy: Essential Selections, Pearson Education. 12. Sabine, G, (1946) A History Of Political Theory, London, George G. Harrap And Co. Ltd 13. Bhargava, Rajeev & Ashok Acharya (2008) Political Theory: An Introduction, Pearson

Education 14. Nelson, Brain R (1996) Western Political Thought, Pearson Education

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15. Skinner, Quentin (2000) Machivelli: A very short Introduction, Oxford University Press 16. Machiavelli, Niccolò, (1532) The Prince 17. Skinner, Quentin, edt, (1990) Machiavelli and Republicanism, Cambridge University Press 18. Macpherson, C. B. (1962) The Political Theory of Possessive Individualism: Hobbes to Locke,

Oxford, London 19. McPherson, C. B., (1977) The Life and Times of Liberal Democracy, Oxford 20. Plamenatz, John, (1963) Man and Society: A Critical Examination of some important social

and political theories from Machiavelli to Marx, Longmans 21. Bentham, Jeremy, (1789) An Introduction to the Principle of Morals and Legislation 22. Mill, J.S., (2010) Bentham: An Essay on Jeremy Bentham, Strossmere Books 23. Mill, J.S.,(1859) On Liberty 24. ____, (1861) Considerations on Representative Government 25. Rayan, Alan, (1975) The Philosophy of John Stuart Mill, Law book co of Australasia 26. Rawls, John, (1971) A Theory of Justice, Harvard University Press 27. Rawls, John, (1993) Political Liberalism, Columbia University Press. 28. Norman Daniels (ed) (1975) Reading Rawls: Critical Studies on Rawls' A Theory of Justice.

Basic Books 29. Chandran Kukathas (ed)2003, John Rawls: Critical Assessments of Leading Political

Philosophers, Routledge 30. Jonathan Wolff(1991) Robert Nozick: Property, Justice, and the Minimal State, Stanford

University Press

SEMESTER-I Paper: PSC 702C

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: THEORETICAL ASPECTS

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit 1: Approaches to the study of International Relations 1. Approaches to the study of IR: Traditional, Behavioural. 2. Mainstream Theories: Realism, Neo realism, Liberalism and Neo Liberalism.

Unit 2: Alternative approach to IR

1. Critical Theory, Constructivism, Post Modernism. 2. Feminism, Neo Marxism

Unit -3: International Economy and Development

1. Capitalism and Imperialism 2. Theories of development and Under Development

Unit -4: Debates in International Relations

1. Clash of Civilizations 2. End of Ideology/History Debate

Reading List:

1. Singh, Naunihal. Fundamental Concepts of International Politics. New Delhi, Anmol, 2002,

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2. Sondhi, Sunil. International Relations: A Framework for Analysis. New Delhi, Sanjay Prakashan, 2004

3. Jackson, Robert and Georg Sorensen, Introduction to International Relations: Theories and

Approaches, NewDelhi, Oxford University Press, 2008, 4. Mishra, Pramod Kumar. New Perspectives of International Relations, New Delhi, Jnanada

Prakashan, 2008, 5. Baylis, John and Steve Smith, The Globalisation of World Politics, Oxford University, New

Delhi,2007 6. Wittikopf, Eugene R. and Charles W.Kegley, World Politics: Trend and Transformation,

New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993. 7. Baldwin, David A,. Neorealism and Neoliberalism: The Contemporary Debate. New York:

Columbia University Press, 1993 8. Keohane, Robert O. and Joseph S. Nye,. Power and Interdependence, third edition. New

York: Longman, 2001 9. Waltz, Kenneth Theory of International Politics. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1979 10. Wendt, Alexander "Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power

Politics." International Organization 46: 1992, pg391-425. 11. Griffiths, M. and T. O’Callaghan International Relations: The Key Concepts. London,

Routledge, 2002 12. Stern, G. The Structure of International Society. (second edition) London: Pinter Publishers,

2000 13. Smith, Steve, Ken Booth and Marysia Zalewski (eds.), International Theory: Positivism and

Beyond. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

SEMESTER-I Paper: PSC 703C

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: CONCEPTS AND THEORIES

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit- 1: Public Administration as a Discipline: 1. Concept and Importance 2. New Public Administration 3. New Public Management 4. Ethical concerns in Public Administration

Unit- 2: Theories of Public Administration I:

1. Classical Theory 2. Systems Theory 3. Bureaucratic Theory 4. Human Relations Theory

Unit- 3: Theories of Public Administration II:

1. Decision Making Theory 2. Communication, Leadership and Motivation: Douglas McGregor and Abraham Maslow 3. Ecological Theory

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Unit- 4: Development Administration:

1. Meaning, Scope and Functions 2. Patterns of People’s participation in development 3. Bureaucracy and Development Administration

Reading List:

1. Fadia BL, Fadia Kuldeep, Public Administration: Administrative Theories and Concepts, Sahitya Bhawan Publications, Agra, 2008.

2. Robbins, Stephen P., Judge Timothy A, Essentials of Organisational Behavior, Pearson Education in South Asia, Delhi, 2008.

3. Arora RK, Sogani Meena(ed): Themes and Issues in Administrative Theory, Arihant Publishers, Jaipur, 1991.

4. White L.D: Introduction to Study of Public Administration, Eurasia Publishing House, Ram Nagar, New Delhi, 1982.

5. Maheswari, S.R: Administrative Theories Allied Publishers Ltd., New Delhi, 1994. 6. Prasad,D. Ravindra, Prasad, VS, and Satyanarayan, P,Administrative Thinkers, Sterling

Publishers, New Delhi, 2004. 7. Peter Self: Administrative Theories & Politics, S. Chand & Co., New Delhi, 1981. 8. Robbins, S.P; The Administrative Process, Prentice-Hall of India, Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi 1985. 9. Arora, R.K: Perspectives in Administrative Theory Associated Publishing House, New Delhi,

1979. 10. Ali, Shum Sun Nisa: Eminent Administrative Thinkers Associated Publishing House, New

Delhi, 1990. 11. Nigro, Felix A & Nigro, Lloyd G: Modern Public Administration, Harper & Row, NewYork,

1989. 12. Singh, S: Development Administration, Asia Publishing House, Bombay, 1961. 13. Panandikar, Pai; Personal Systems for Development Administration, Popular Prakashan,

Bombay, 1996. 14. Panandikar & Kshirsagar: Bureaucracy & Development Administration, Centre for Policy

Research, New Delhi, 1978. 15. Baghel, CL and Kumar, Yogendra: Public Administration, Volumes I and II, Kanishka

Publishers, Distributors, New Delhi, 2005. 16. Bhattacharya, Mohit: Bureaucracy & Development Administration, Uppal Publishing House,

New Delhi, 1979. 17. Chakrabarty, Bidyut: Reinventing Public Administration: The Indian Experience Orient

Longman, New Delhi, 2007. 18. Indian Journal of Public Administration (Relevant Issues): Indian Institute of Public

Administration, New Delhi.

SEMESTER-I Paper: PSC 704C

POLITICS IN INDIA - I

Credits: 3 (2+1+0)

Unit -1: The Making of the Indian Constitution. 1. Constitutional Assembly 2. Debates : Achievements and Criticism 3. Philosophy of Indian Constitution

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Unit 2: Ideological Contents

1. Preamble 2. Fundamental Rights 3. Directive Principle of State Policy

Unit 3: Constitution as an instrument of social change: 1. Amendment 42nd , 44th 2. Amendment 73rd , 74th 3. Amendment 86th

Unit -4: Federalism

1. Unitary Trends 2. Cooperative federalism 3. Multilevel federalism

Reading List:

1. Aloysius G: Nationalism without a Nation in India, Delhi Oxford University Press, 199 2. Austin, Granville: Working Democratic Constitution: The Indian Experience, New Delhi,

Oxford University Press, 2009. 3. Kaviraj, Sudipta, edt(2006) Politics in India, Oxford India Paperback,NewDelhi. 4. Bhargava, Rajeev, : Politics And Ethics of the Indian Constitution, Oxford University Press,

New Delhi, 2008 5. Jayal G.Niraja (ed): Democracy in India: Themes in Politics, Oxford University

Press, 2001 6. Sammadar Ranabir:A Biography of the Indian Nation, 1947-1997, sage Publications, New

Delhi 7. Chatterjee, Partha, 1986, Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Devivative

Discourse, New Delhi Oxford University Press. 8. Guha Ramchandra: IndiaAfter Gandhi: The History of the World’s Largest Democracy,

Macmillan, 2007. 9. Hasan,Zoya, ed.(2007) Politics and the State in India, Sage Publications,NewDelhi.

10. Shastri,Suri,Yadav,ed.(2009) Electoral Politics in Indian States, Oxford University Press.NewDelhi.

11. Hasan,Zoya ed.2002,Parties and Party Politics in India ,Oxford University Press, NewDelhi 12. Brass,P (1992) The Politics of India Since Independence,Cambgidge University

Press,Newyork.

SEMESTER-I Paper: PSC 705E

SOCIAL AND POLTICAL THOUGHTS OF MODERN INDIA

Credits: 3 (2+1+0)

Unit 1: Indian Renaissance and Social Reform 1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy: Social and Political Ideas 2. Vivekananda: Vedantic Nationalism; Social Philosophy and Reformist Conservatism

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Unit 2: Social Reforms 1. J G Phule: Social and Political Ideas 2. B R Ambedkar: Caste and Untouchability in Hindu Society 3. Gandhi –Ambedkar Debate: Concept of Social Justice

Unit 3: Tradition and Modernity

1. Tradition and Modernity Debate 2. Gandhi and Nehru

Reading List:

1. Bhikhu Parekh, Colonialism , Tradition and Reform ,Sage Publication 1989 2. Gail Omvedt, Dalits and Democratic Revolution –B.R Ambedkar And the Dalit Movement,

Sage Publication, 1994 3. A.R. Desai, Social Background of Indian Nationalism Bombay, Popular Publication, 1954 4. R.P.Dutt, India Today , Calcutta, Manisha Publication 1970 5. C.Heimsath, Indian Nationalism and Social Reform PrincetonNJ, Princeton University Press

1964 6. B.R. Ambedkar, Annihilation of Caste(ed) Mulk Raj Anand, Arnold Publisher, Delhi 1964 7. K.Damodaran, Indian Thought: A critical Survey, London, Asia Publishing House 1967. 8. Bipan Chandra, Essays on Indian Nationalism Har-Anand Publication New Delhi 1993. 9. Anthony j.Parel,(ed) Hind Swaraj, Cambridge University Press 1997 10. S.Hay, Sources of Indian Tradition: Modern India and Pakistan, Penguin Books 1991. 11. T.Pantham, and K.Deustch (ed) Political Thought in modern India, Sage ,New Delhi,1986. 12. V.R.Mehta, Foundations of Indian Political Thought, Manohar Publications, New Delhi

1992.

SEMESTER-II Paper: PSC 801C

POLITICAL THEORY - II

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit- 1: Moral Philosophy and Idealism 1. Immanuel Kant: Individual and the Moral Law, The Problem of Freedom 2. G.W.F. Hegel: Family, Civil Society and State, Dialectics as a method.

Unit -2: Marxist Thinking

1. Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels: Dialectical Materialism, Alienation, Theory of State

Unit-3: Theory of Socialist Revolution 1. V. I. Lenin: Views on Imperialism, Theory of Revolution. 2. Mao Zedong: The Cultural Revolution, New Democracy

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Unit-4: Politics of Hegemony and Legitimacy 1. Antonio Gramsci: Concept of Hegemony and Civil Society 2. Louis Althusser: Ideological State apparatuses

Reading List:

1. Sabine, G, (1946) A History of Political Theory, London, George G. Harrap And Co. Ltd

2. Jha, Shefali (2009) Western Political Thought: From Plato to Marx, Pearson 3. Plamenatz, John, (1963) Man and Society: A Critical Examination of some important social

and political theories from Machiavelli to Marx, Longmans

4. Gerald F. Gaus & Chandran Kukathas (2004) Handbook of Political Theory, Sage 5. Held, David (1989) Political Theory and the Modern State: Essays on State, Power and

Democracy, Maya Polity, New Delhi. 6. Hoffman, John & Paul Graham (2007) Introduction to Political Theory, Pearson Education,

Delhi 7. McLellan, Gregor et al (1993) (edited) The Idea of the Modern State, Open University Press,

Buckingham 8. Nelson, Brian R. (2009) Western Political Thought, Pearson Education, Delhi 9. Kant, Immanuel, (1788) The Critique of Practical Reason

10. Goldmann, Lucian, (2001)Immanuel Kant, Verso 11. Hegel, (1822) Philosophy of Rights 12. Taylor, Charles, (1975)Hegel, Cambridge University Press 13. Inwood, Michael, (2002) Hegel, Routledge 14. Bottomore, Tom (edited) (1988) Interpretations of Marx, Basic Blackwell 15. Howard, MC & J E King (1975), The Political Economy of Karl Marx, Longman,

New York 16. Karat, Prakash (2001) A World to Win: Essays on the Communist Manifesto Left Word, New

Delhi 17. Marx and Engels Selected works, “Theses on Feuerbach”, Preface to “A Contribution to the

Critique of Political Economy” 18. Marx, Karl (1978) A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, Progress Publishers,

Moscow. 19. Marx, Karl and Friedrich Engels (1973) Manifesto of the Communist Party, Progress

Publishers, Moscow 20. Meyer, Alfred G., (1984), Communism, Random House 21. Lenin, V I (2000) Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism, Left Word, New Delhi 22. Harding, Neil, (2004), Lenin’s Political Thought: Theory and Practice in the Democratic and

Socialist Revolution 23. Schram Stuart, (1989) The Thought of Mao Tse Tung, Cambridge University Press 24. Mao Tse Tung, (1940) on Democracy 25. On Imperialist Globalization: Two Speeches 1999 by Fidel Castro, Leftword Books

26. Patel, Sujata et al (edited) (2002) Thinking Social Science in India: essays in Honor

of Alice Thorner, Sage, New Delhi 27. Patnaik, Prabhat (1995) Whatever Happened o Imperialism and Other Essays, Tulika, New

Delhi 28. Gramsci, Antonio, (1950) Prison Notebooks 29. Gramsci and Eric Hobsbawn (2000) The Antonio Garmsci Reader: Selected Writings 1916-

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1935, New York University Press 30. Chandhoke, Neera (1994) Understanding the Post-colonial World: Theory and Practice,

Sterling, New Delhi 31. Chandhoke, Neera (1995) State and Civil Society: Explorations in Political Theory, Sage, New

Delhi 32. Chandhoke, Neera (2003) Conceits of Civil Society, Oxford, New Delhi 33. Elliot, Carolyn M. (edited) (2003) Civil Society and Democracy: A Reader, Oxford, New Delhi 34. Althusser, Louis, (2006) For Marx, Verso 35. --------------------, (2008) On Ideology, Verso 36. Beauvior, Simone de,(1997) The Second Sex, Vintage

SEMESTER-II Paper: PSC 802C

CONTEMPORARY WORLD POLITICS: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit-1: State and International System

1. State in International System 2. International System: hegemony, stability and polarity

Unit-2: International Political Economy

1. Debates in International Political Economy : Statism vs Liberalism 2. Global Financial and Trading Institutions : IMF , World Bank & WTO 3. Emergence of Regionalism : EU & ASEAN

Unit 3: Globalisation- contemporary dynamics

1. Historical roots and distinctive characteristics of contemporary globalization 2. Globalisation and the State: Discontents and Impact

Unit-4: Contemporary Issues in Global Politics

1. Human Rights 2. Environment : Debates on climate Change 3. Gender : Importance in IR and UN initiatives 4. Refugee : UN Conventions

Reading List:

1. Wilkinson, Paul. International Relations: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford 2002). 2. Roskin Michael and Berry Nicholas. IR: The new world of international relations (Prentice

Hall, 2002). 3. Mansbach Richard and Rhodes Edward. Global Politics in a Changing World: A reader

(Houghton Mifflin, 2000). 4. Frankel. Joseph, International Relations in a Changing World, (Oxford University Press,

1988). 5. Guilford Griffiths. Robert J, Annual Editions: Developing World. 6th ed., Conn.: Dushkin

Publishing Group/Brown and Benchmark Publishers, 1995.

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6. Saighal. Vinod, Global Security Paradoxes 2000-2020. New Delhi, Manas Publications, 2004, 7. Sarah J. Diehl and James Clay, A Handbook of Nuclear Weapons and Nonproliferation ,New

Delhi, Pentagon Press, 2005 8. Sondhi, Sunil. International Relations: A Framework for Analysis, New Delhi, Sanjay

Prakashan, 2004 9. Neuman S, International Relations & the Third World, Houndmills, MacMillan. 1998 10. Nicholson M , International Relations: A Concise Introduction, Houndmills, Macmillan.

,1998 11. Vogler J , The Global Commons: Environmental & Technological Governance, Wiley. , 2000

SEMESTER-II Paper: PSC 803C

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit-1: Key Concepts:

1. Rationality 2. Accountability 3. Commitment 4. Transparency

Unit-2: Challenges to Administration:

1. Administrative Corruption, 2. Grievance Redressal Machinery: Ombudsman - Lokpal and Lokayukta 3. Right to Information. 4. Minister Civil Servant Relationship.

Unit-3: Globalization and Public Administration:

1. Challenges faced by Public Administration due to Globalization 2. Good Governance, E-Governance and ICT. 3. Public Private interface.

Unit-4: Emerging Issues in Administrative Culture: 1. Meaning Concept and Components of Administrative Culture 2. Civil Society and Participatory Development 3. Role of Voluntary Associations 4. Concept of Empowerment.

Reading List:

1. Bhattacharya Mohit,Public Administration, The World Press Private Limited, Kolkata, 2007. 2. Bhambri, C.P: Administration in a Changing Society, National Publishing House, Delhi, 1972. 3. Arora RK, Sogani Meena(ed): Themes and Issues in Administrative Theory, Arihant Publishers,

Jaipur, 1991. 4. Fadia BL, Fadia Kuldeep, Public Administration: Administrative Theories and Concepts, Sahitya

Bhawan Publications, Agra, 2008.

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5. Bhattacharya Mohit,New Horizons of Public Administration, Jawahar Publishers & Distributors , JNU old campus, New Delhi, 2008.

6. Sharma MP and Sadana, BL: Public Administration in Theory and Practice, Kitab Mahal, Allahabad, 2008.

7. Arora, R.K, & Goyal, R; Indian Public Administration, Wishwa Prakashan, New Delhi, 1995. 8. Sapru, R.K; Indian Administration, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 2001. 9. Bhambri, C.P; Indian Administration, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 2001. 10. Riggs, Fred: The Ecology of Public Administration, Asia Publishing House, Bombay, 1961. 11. Baghel, CL and Kumar, Yogendra: Public Administration, Volumes I and II, Kanishka Publishers,

Distributors, New Delhi, 2005. 12. Self, Peter, Government by the Market? The Politics

SEMESTER-II Paper: PSC 804C

POLITICS IN INDIA - II

Credits: 3 (2+1+0)

Unit-1: Judicial system 1. Judicial Activism 2. Judicial Reforms 3. Independence of Judiciary: Legislative and Executive Interference

Unit-2: Electoral Politics in India: Trends and Patterns

1. General elections in India :1952-67 2. General elections in India :1968-77 3. General elections in India :1978-89 4. General elections in India :190 onwards

Unit-3: Political Institutions

1. Role in Democracy 2. Parliament 3. Political Parties : National vs Regional

Unit-4: Political Economy of Development

1. Mixed Economy Model 2. New Economic Reforms 3. Challenges to the development agenda of the state

Reading List:

1. Austin, G. 1964. Political Structures of the Islamic Orient in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, in L. Habib (ed),Medieval India, 1. New Delhi, Oxford University Press.

2. Bardhan, Pranab 1984, The Political Economy of Development In India. New Delhi Oxford University Press.

3. Bose Sugata and Jalal Ayesha (ed) Nationalism, Democracy and Development, Oxford University Press, 1997, New Delhi.

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4. Chatterjee, P. 1993. Political Processes and Structure of Polity in Early Medieval India:Problems of Perspective. Presidential Address, Ancient India Section, Indian History Congress, Burdwan.

5. Frankel, Francine, 1978. India’s Political Economy 1947-77, Princeton: Princeton University Press.

6. S`aez Lawrence, Federalism without a Centre: The Impact of Political and Economic Reform on India’s Federal System, Sage Publications, 2002, New Delhi

7. Jayal G.Niraja (ed): Democracy in India: Themes in Politics, Oxford University Press, 2001 8. Hassan, Zoya (ed): Politics and State in India, Sage Publication 2007.

SEMESTER-II Paper: PSC 805E

INDIAN FOREIGN POLICY

Credits: 3 (2+1+0) Unit – I: Introduction to Indian Foreign Policy

1. Objectives , determinants and Principles 2. Nonalignment : Concept and Relevance

Unit – II: India and its Neighbours

1. India’s relation with Pakistan 2. Sri Lanka , Bangladesh , Nepal 3. India and Look East policy

Unit – III: India’s relation with Global Powers

1. India – US relations : Constraints and prospects 2. India and European Union 3. India – China relations

Reading List

1. Dahal , Dev Raj and Nishchal Nath Pandey ,(ed) Comprehensive Security in South Asia New Delhi , Manohar , 2006

2. Sisodia , N.S. and C Uday Bhaskar,(ed) Emerging India : Security and Foreign Policy Perspective , New Delhi , Promila and Co , 2007

3. Bhola , P.L., Foreign Policies of India , Pakistan and China , Jaipur , RBSA Publishers , 2001 4. Sisodia N.S. and Dutta , Sujit . India and the World :Selected articles from IDSA journals , Vol I.

Strategic Thought :The Formative Years, New Delhi, Promila and Co , 2007 5. Patil V.T. Nalini Kant Jha India in a Turbulent World: Perspectives on foreign and Security Policies,

New Delhi , South Asia , 2003. 6. Shivam , Ravinder k India’s Foreign Policy Nehru to Vajpayee , New Delhi, Common wealth ,

2001, 7. Dixit J.N. India’s Foreign Policy and its Neighbours , New Delhi , Gyan Publishing , 2001 8. Koshy, Ninan . Under the Empire :India’s New Foreign Policy , New Delhi, Leftword Books , 2006

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SEMESTER-III Paper: PSC 901C

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit I: Scientific Social Research

1. Research: Meaning, Scope and Types 2. Positivism and Scientific methods 3. Objectivity in Social Science Research

Unit II: Role of Theory and Tools of Research

1. Reciprocal relationship between Theory and Research 2. Interview Schedule and Questionnaire

Unit III: Methods of Research

1. Quantitative and Qualitative 2. Ethnography, Observation 3. Case study

Unit IV: Research Design

1. Steps of Research 2. Writing Research Proposal

Reading List:

1. B.A.V. Sharma, D.R.Prasad, P. Satyanarayan, (ed.) (1983), Research Methods in Social Science, Sterling Publications, Delhi.

2. B.N. Ghosh (4th Edition) (1987), Scientific Methods and Scientific Research, Sterling Publications, Delhi.

3. D.K. Lal Das (2000), Practice of Social Research, Rawat, Jaipur & New Delhi. 4. John Galtung, Theory and Methods of Social Research, George, London. 5. L.R. Kothari (1985), Research Methodology, Vishwa Prakashan, New Delhi. 6. M. Francis Abraham (1982), Modern Sociological Theory: An Introduction, Oxford, Delhi. 7. P.V. Young (1953), Scientific Social Surveys and Research, Englewood Cliff, NJ: Prentice Hall. 8. S.C. Verma, (1989), Theory and Analysis, Rawat, Jaipur. 9. W.S. Goode & P.K. Hatt (1952), Methods of Social Research, Mc Graw Hill, New York. 10. T.S. Wilkinson & P.L. Bhandarkar (1977), Methodology and Techniques of Social Research, Himalaya

Publishing, Bombay.

SEMESTER-III Paper: PSC 902C

ENVIRONMENT AND POLITICS

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit I: Environmentalism and Political Theory 1. Environmental Discourse and its evolution 2. Green Political Thought: Ecofeminism, Ecosocialism

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Unit II: Environment and Development 1. New Paradigms of Development 2. Concept and Indicators of Sustainable Development 3. Ecological Modernisation and Ecological Citizenship

Unit III: Environmental Governance

1. Global Environmental Conventions 2. Environmental Policies in India 3. Judicial Activism on Environmental Issues

Unit IV: Environmental Issues of North East India

1. Water Resources, Forests, Population and Natural Disasters 2. Environmental Hazards and Social Vulnerability

Reading list:

1. Carter, Neil (2007), The Politics of the Environment, Cambridge University Press. 2. Buckingham-Hatfield, Susan (2000), Gender and Environment, Routledge Publications. 3. Sachs, Wolfgang (ed) (2010), The Development Dictionary: A Guide to Knowledge as Power, Zed

Books. 4. Dobson, Andrew (1995), Green Political Thought, 2nd Edition, Routledge Publications. 5. Baker, Susan (2006), Sustainable Development, Routledge Publications. 6. Agarwal, Anil and Sunita Narayan (ed.) (1985), The State of India’s Environment: A Second Citizen’s

Report, Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi. 7. Shiva, Vandana (1984), Ecofeminism, Zed Books. 8. Rajan, Mukund Govind (1997), Global Environment Politics: India and North-South Politics of Global

Environmental Issues, OUP, Delhi. 9. Krishna Sumi (1996), Environmental Politics: People’s Lives and Development, Sage, New Delhi. 10. Cutler, Susan L., (ed.) (1999), Enivronmental Risks and Hazards, Prentice Hall in India. 11. Ramachandra Guha (ed.) (1998), Social Ecology, OUP, Delhi. 12. Kalland, Arne and Persoon, Gerard (2000), Environmentalism: A Global History, OUP, Delhi.

SEMESTER III Paper: PSC 903C

COMPARATIVE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Credits: 4 (3+1+0) Unit I: Concept and Approaches

1. Concept and Scope of Comparative Public Administration 2. Origin and Development of Comparative Public Administration 3. Approaches: Ecological and Structural Functional

Unit II: Salient Features of Administrative Systems

1. Salient features of administrative systems of India, UK and USA 2. Merit System: Concept, Origin, Development and existing status (India, UK and USA)

Unit III: Budgeting

1. Budget rocedure and practice 2. Legislative control over expenditure (India, UK and USA)

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Unit IV: Legislative Control over Administration and Administrative Reforms 1. Legislative control over administration in India and USA 2. Administrative reforms in India and UK

Reading list:

1. Arora, Ramesh K.(2008), Comparative Public Administration (An Ecological Perspective), Associate Publishing House, New Delhi.

2. Viswanathan V.N. (1996), Comparative Public Administration, Sterling Publishers Ltd, New Delhi. 3. Arora, Ramesh K. (1979), Perspective in Administrative Theory, Associate Publishing House, New

Delhi. 4. Arora, Ramesh K. (1984), Administrative Theory, IIPA, New Delhi. 5. McSwite, O.C. (1996), Postmodernism, Public Administration and the Public Interest, in Gary L.

Wamsly and James, F. Wolf (eds.), Refounding Democratic Public Administration, Sage, London. 6. Sharma, R.D. (ed) (1999), Administrative Systems of Developing Societies, Mittal, New Delhi. 7. Maheshwari, S.R. (2003), Administrative Reforms in India, Macmillan India. 8. Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2007), Reinventing Public Administration: The Indian Experience, Orient

Longman, New Delhi. 9. Dhameja, Alka (ed) (2003), Contemporary Debates in Public Administration, Prentice Hall of India,

New Delhi. 10. Stahl, O.G., Public Personnel Administration, Harper Ovel Row, New York.

SEMESTER III Paper: PSC 904C

GENDER AND POLITICS

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit I: Meaning of the concept of Gender 1. Gender as a category of Analysis 2. ‘Masculinity’and ‘Femininity’ 3. Patriarchy: Origin and Manifestations

Unit II: Theories of Feminism

1. Liberal Feminism 2. Radical Feminism 3. Marxist-Socialist Feminism 4. Post-modern Feminism

Unit III: Women’s Movement in Historical Perspective

1. Women’s Movement in India 2. Women and Politics: Special reference to issues of Participation and Representation

Unit IV: Contemporary issues and Women

1. Domestic, Community and State Violence 2. Sexual Harassment at work place 3. Women and Health

Reading list:

1. Bhasin, Kamala (1993), What is Patriarchy?, New Delhi. 2. Bhasin, Kamala (1993), What is Gender?, New Delhi. 3. Kaushik, Susheela (1992), Forms and Processes, Federal Elsat Stiftang, New Delhi. 4. Sen, G., Crown, C. (1987), Development, Crisis and Alternative Vision: Third World Women’s

Perspective, Review Press.

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5. Manmohan Lxau (1985), Women in Indian Struggle, Sterling. 6. Vijay, Agnea (1979), Women in Indian Politics 7. Roger Jeffery and Palecia Tefpy (1999), Population, Gender and Politics. 8. Veena Poonecha (1995), Gender and Politics- Gender Human Right Discourse, R.C.W.S.S.N.D.T,

Bombay. 9. Meera Kosambi (ed.) (1995), Gender and Violence, Book I., Women’s Oppression in Public Gaze. 10. Ranjan Harish and V. Bharathi Harishankar (ed.) (2008), Re-defining Feminisms, Rawat, New Delhi. 11. Ghadially, Rehana (ed) (2007), Urban Women in Contemporary India, Sage Publications. 12. Tong, Rosemary (2009), Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction, Westview Press. 13. Ashe, Fidelma (2007), The New Politics of Masculinity, Routledge Publications. 14. Murray, Mary (1995), The Law of the Father, Routledge Publications. 15. Gangoli, Geetanjali (2007), Indian Feminisms: Law, Patriachies and Violence in India, Ashgate. 16. Bryson, Valerie (2003), Feminist Political Theory, Palgrave Macmillan. 17. Menon, Nivedita (2001), Gender and Politics, OUP. 18. Kumar, Radha (2000), History of Doing, Zuban Books. 19. Choudhury, Maitrayee (ed.) (2005), Feminism in India, Zed Books. 20. John, Merry E. (ed) (2008), Women Studies in India: A Reader, Penguin Books. 21. Priyam, Manisha, Krishna Menon and Madhulika Banerjee (2009), Human Rights, Gender and

Environment, Pearson Education.

SEMESTER III Paper: PSC 905E

SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND POLITICS

Credits: 3 (2+1+0)

Unit I: Social Movements 1. What are Social Movements? 2. What are New Social Movements? 3. Theories of Social Movement: Relative Deprivation and Reference Group Theory

Unit II: Ideology and Politics of Social Movement

1. Peasants 2. Women 3. Environment 4. Civil Rights

Unit III: Social Movements in India

1. Peasant Movements: Tebhaga, Naxalbari, Phulguri Dheba 2. Ecological and Environmental Movements: Narmada Bachao, Chipko.

Reading list:

1. Bannerji, Sumanta (1980), In the Wake of Naxalbari, Subarnarekha, Calcutta. 2. Blumer, Herbert (1969), Collective Behaviour in A. McChung-Lee (ed.)- Principles of Sociology,

Barness, New York. 3. Bourdieu, P. (1998), Practical Reason, Polity Press, Cambridge. 4. Bourdieu, P. (2000), Politics of Protest, Socialist Review, 18-20, June.

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5. Bourdieu, P. and Wacquant, L. (1992), An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology, Polity Press, Cambridge. 6. Cohen, Robin and Rai M. Shirin (2000), Global Social Movements, Athlone Press, London. 7. Crossley, Nick (2002), Making Sense of Social Movements, Open University Press, Buckingham. 8. Desai, A.R., (ed.) (1979), Peasant Struggles in India, OUP, Delhi. 9. Desai, A.R., (ed.) (1986), Agrarian Struggles in India after Independence, OUP, Delhi. 10. Habermas, J. (1981), New Social Movements, Telos, 49:33-7----1989, Structural Transformation of

the Public Sphere, Polity Press, Cambridge. 11. Hussain, Monirul (1993), The Assam Movement: Class, Ideology and Identity, Manak Publications,

New Delhi. 12. Hussain, Monirul (2008), Interrogating Development: State, Displacement and Popular Resistance in

North East India, Sage Publications, New Delhi. 13. Misra, Udayon (2002), Periphery Strikes Back, Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. 14. Oommen, T.K. (1990), Protest and Change: Studies in Social Change, Sage Publications, New Delhi. 15. Rao, M.S.A., (1984), Social Movements in India: Studies in Peasant, Backward Classes, Sectrian,

Tribal and Women’s Movements, Manohar Publications, New Delhi. 16. Shah, Ghanshyam, (1990), Social Movements in India: A Review of Literature, Sage Publications,

New Delhi. 17. Shah, Ghanshyam (2002), Social Movements Old and New: A post-modernist Critique, Sage

Publications, New Delhi.

SEMESTER IV Paper: PSC 1001C

COMPARATIVE POLITICAL ANALYSIS

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit I: Meaning and Approaches 1. Meaning of Comparative Politics 2. Approaches to Comparative Politics: Traditional System, Structural Functional and Political

Economy Unit II: Organizing the State

1. Constitutions 2. Constitutionalism

Unit III: Development

1. Theories of Modernization 2. Underdevelopment 3. Dependency 4. Post-Development

Unit IV: Theories of State

1. Development of Modern States in Europe and Non-European Societies 2. State and Social Classes in Socialist and Post-Colonial Societies

Reading list:

1. Peters B. Guy, (1998), Comparative Politics: Theory and Methods, Saingstoke: Macmillan. 2. Biox Carles and Stokes Susan C. (2007), Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics, OUP, UK. 3. Caramani Daniel (2009), Comparative Politics, OUP. 4. Bok Derek (1998), The State of the Nation: Government and the Quest for a Better Society,

Harvard University Press.

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5. Almond, Gabriel A., and G. Bingham Powell, Jr., Comparative Politics Today: A World View, 6th Edition, New York: Harper Collins, 1996.

6. Wiarda Howard J. (2002), New Directions in Comparative Politics, Boulder, CO: Westview Press. 7. Wallerstein, Immanuel (1974), The Modern World System, The New Press, NY. 8. Migdal Joel, (1988), Strong Societies and Weak State: State- Society Relations and State

Capabilities in the Third World, Princeton University Press, NJ. 9. McCormick, John (2004), Comparative Politics in Transition, 4th Edition, Belmont CA:

Wadsworth. 10. Krieger and Kesselman, Joseph (2003), Introduction to Comparative Politics, 3rd Edition,

Houghton Mifflin. 11. W. Lucien, Pye and Sidney Verba, (eds.) (1965), Political Culture and Political Development

Princeton University Press. 12. Chilcote, Ronald (ed) (2003), Dependency in Theory and Practice: Latin American

Perspectives, Roman and Littlefield. 13. Chilcote, Ronald (1983), Theories of Comparative Politics: The Search for a Paradigm,

Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

SEMESTER IV Paper: PSC 1002C

STATE AND POLITICS IN NORTH EAST INDIA

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit 1 : Pre colonial and Colonial Period 1. Administrative System :Khel/Paik system &Mel System 2. Sattra and its relation with state 3. Changes in the Administrative system in the colonial period 4. Commercial venture: Migration and its effects on demography &Political economy 5. Segregation of Hills, The 1935 Act(Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas)

Unit- 2: Post-Independence Political Development

1. Partition and independence 2. Demographic and Ethnic overview. 3. Sixth Schedule Provisions 4. Re-organization of Assam

Unit -3: Identity Politics and State’s Response

1. Official language issue 2. Medium Issue 3. Foreign National Issue 4. Autonomy Issue 5. Secessionist Issue.

Unit- 4: Nature of Party system and its impact on Politics

1. National Party: Congress ,BJP, CP.I 2. Regional Party: AG.P 3. Ethnic Party: AIUDF,BPF

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Reading list:

1. Edward Gait: A History of Assam,EBH Publishers,(Indian Reprint)Guwahati,2008. 2. Rajen Saikia, Social and Economic History of Assam(2000) Manohar,NewDelhi. 3. N.N.Acharya, The History of Medieval Assam,omson publications,NewDelhi. 4. Ranjit Kumar Goswami (Edit)Essays on Sankaradeva Studies,Lawyers Book

stall,Panbazar,Guwahati,1996. 5. Chaube,Shibani Kinkar,Hill Politics in North East India 6. Borpujari,H.K edited Political History of Assam,Vol,I,II&III,1999 7. Barpujari,H.K,North East India, Problems, Policies and Prospects, Spectrum

Publication,1998 8. Amalendu.Guha,Planter Raj to Swaraj,ewDelhi,1977 9. Sandhya Goswami, Language Politics in Assam, Ajanta Publication,1997 10. Monirul Hussain, The Assam Movement: class,identity and Ideology,Manak

Publication,1993 11. Verghese, BG, 1996, India ’s Northeast Resurgent: Ethnicity, Insurgency, Governance and

Development Konark Publishers Pvt. Ltd, Delhi 12. Hussain, Monirul 2008; Interrogating Development: State, Displacement

And Popular Resistance in North East India, Sage,New Delhi

13. Das, Samir Kumar 2008; Blisters on their Feet." Tales of Internally Displaced Persons in India's North East, Sage, New Delhi

14. Phukan, Girin, 2005; Inter-Ethnic Conflict in Northeast India, South Asian Publishers, Delhi

15. Baruah, Sanjib 2005 Durable Disorder: Understanding the Politics of India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi

16. Baruah, Sanjib I999 India Against Itself Assam and the Politics of Nationality, Oxford University Press, New Delhi

17. Misra, Udayon2000The Pereiphery Strikes Back: Challenges to the Nation-State in Assam and Nagaland, IIAS, Shimla

18. Misra, Udayon1991Nation Building and Development in North East India, Purbanchal Prakash, Guwahati

19. Fernandes, Walter2008Search for Peace with Justice; Issues aroundConflict Northeast India, NESRC, Guwahati

20. Nag, Sajal, 2002; Contesting Marginality: Ethnicity, Insurgency and Subnationalismin North-East India, Manohar, New Delhi

21. Barpujari, H K, 1998; North-East India: Problems, Policies and Prospects, Spectrum,Guwahati

22. Hazarika, Sujata Dutta,2008;Peace in Dialogue: Universals and Specifics, Akansha Publishing House, New Delhi

23. Dutta Anuradha & Ratna Bhuyan2007 Genesis of Conflict and Peace: Understana'inNortheast India, Vol. I & ll Akansha Publishing House, New Delhi

24. Saikia, Jaideep, 2007; Frontiers in Flames: north East India in Turmoil, Viking, New Delhi 25. Ahmed, A N S, 2006, Nationality Question in Assam: The EPW I980-81 Debate, Akansha

Publishers House 26. Palshikar,K.C.Suri,Yogendra Yadav, Party Competition in Indian States: Electoral Politics in

Post Congress Polity,2014,Oxford,NewDelhi 27. Sudha Pai edited HandBook of Politics in Indian States, Region, Parties, and Economic

Reforms, oxford,2013

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Journals: Economic and Political Weekly Seminar Indian Journal of Political Science.

SEMESTER IV Paper: PSC 1003C

PUBLIC POLICY Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit I: Understanding Public Policy

1. Public Policy: Concept, Nature, Scope and Importance 2. Policy Cycle 3. Policy Sciences

Unit II: Models of Public Policy

1. Institutional, Process, Rational, Group and Public Choice models 2. Collective bargaining and public policy

Unit III: The Policy-making Process

1. Agencies and factors in Policy-making: inter-governmental relations- Planning Commission, PMO, Cabinet Secretariat, National Advisory Council; Civil Society Organizations; International Agencies- IMF, World Bank.

2. Constraints in public policy formulation Unit IV: Policy Implementation and Evaluation

1. Models of policy implementation 2. Problems of policy implementation 3. Policy analysis and evaluation

Reading list:

1. Dye, Thomas R. (2004), Understanding Public Policy, Pearson Education, New Delhi. 2. Anderson, James E. (2000), Public Policy Making, 4th Edition, Houghton Mifflin, Boston. 3. Bicker, Kenneth N & John T. William, (2001) Public Policy Analysis: A Political Economy Approach,

Houghton Mifflin, Boston. 4. Bardach, Eugene (2000), A Practical Guide for Policy Analysis, Chatam House, New York. 5. Meltsner, Arnold J, (1976), Policy Analysis in the Bureaucracy, University of California Press. 6. Thavaraj, M.J.K., (2001), Financial Administration of India, Sultan Chand and Sons, New Delhi. 7. Knight Barry, Chugudn Hope and Tandon Rajesh (2006), Reviving Democracy- Citizens at the Heart

of Governance, Earthscan Publications Ltd, London, First South Asian Edition. 8. Shafritz, Jay M. (ed.) (2007), Defining Public Administration, Rawat Publications, Jaipur. 9. Saxena, Pradeep (ed.) (1993), Comparative Public Policy, Rawat Publications, Jaipur. 10. Arora Ramesh K, Saxena Tanjul (ed.) (2004), Corporate Governance: Issues and Perspectives,

Mangal Deep, Delhi. 11. Kalia Shefali (2004), Good Governance and Development, New Century Publications, New Delhi. 12. Prabhu C.S.R. (2000), Collectorate, Govt. of India, Ministry of Information Technology, NIC,

Hyderabad. 13. Rao, G.R.S. (2005), Managing a Vision: Democracy Development and Governance, Kalpaz

Publications, Delhi.

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14. Barthwal C.P. (ed) (2003), Good Governance in India, Deep and Deep, New Delhi. 15. Goel, Aruna (2003), Good Governance and Ancient Sanskrit Literature, Deep and Deep, New Delhi. 16. Tripathi Vishwas (2007), E-Governance in India, Anmol Publications, New Delhi. 17. Indian Journal of Public Administration, IIPA, New Delhi.

SEMESTER IV Paper: PSC 1004C

DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Credits: 4 (3+1+0)

Unit I: The Concept of Human Rights 1. Western context 2. Third World context

Unit II: Approaches

1. Culture and Human Rights: International Relation Perspective 2. Universalism vs. Cultural Relativism

Unit III: Human Rights: Issues and Challenges

1. Minorities 2. Caste 3. Women 4. Refugees and Displaced persons

Unit IV: State Response to Human Rights

1. Role of Police, Administration and Military and Para-military 2. NHRC and SHRC

Reading list:

1. Dovrick, F.E. (ed) (1979), Human Rights, Problems, Perspective and Texts, Saxon House, England. 2. Gupta, N.L. (2000), Human Rights Values in Education, Publishing House, New Delhi, 3. Kothari, Smitu and Sethi (1991), Rethinking Human Rights, New Delhi. 4. S.R. Chauhan, N.S. Chauhan (ed) (2006): “International Dimensions of the Human Rights”, Three

Volumes, Global Vision Publishing House, New Delhi 5. Joshi, S.C. (2006), Human Rights: Concepts, Issues and Laws, Akansha Publishing House, New Delhi. 6. Barua, Sanjib (2001), Durable Disorder, OUP, Delhi. 7. Gupta, Uma (1998), Supreme Court and Civil Liberties, Mittal Publishing, New Delhi. 8. Selected Articles in Journal Economic and Political Weekly, Dialogue.

SEMESTER IV Paper: PSC 1005E

PEACE, SECURITY AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION

Credits: 3 (2+1+0)

Unit I: Introduction to Peace Studies 1. Historical views of Peace and Peace Movements

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2. Non-Violence: Gandhi and Martin Luther King

Unit II: Challenges to Global Security and Managing Insecurity 1. Arms Race and Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 2. Disarmament and Nuclear Non Proliferation Regime 3. Military Intervention and Humanitarian Intervention

Unit III: Peaceful Settlement of Conflict

1. Diplomacy, Negotiation and Mediation 2. UN: Peacekeeping, Peace Making and Peace Building 3. International Non-Governmental Organization- ICRC (Application of International

Humanitarian Laws in armed conflict) Reading list:

1. Charles Webel, Johan Galtung (2007), Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies, Routledge. 2. David Carment, Albrecht Schnabel (2004), Conflict Prevention from Rhetoric to Reality:

Opportunities, Lexington Books. 3. David P. Barash, Charles P.Webel (2002), Peace and Conflict Studies, Sage Publications, New Delhi. 4. David P. Barash (1999), Approaches to Peace: A Reader in Peace Studies, OUP. 5. Michael Brecher, Frank P. Harvey (2002), Conflict, Security, Foreign Policy, and International Politics,

University of Michigan Press. 6. Peter Wallenstein (2002), Understanding Conflict Resolution: War, Peace and the Global System,

Sage Publications, New Delhi. 7. Ranbir Samaddar, (2004), Peace Studies: An Introduction to the Concept, Scope, and Themes, Sage

Publications, New Delhi.