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COUNTRY REPORT

Regional Workshop on Swine Disease Diagnosis

Beijing, P. R. China, 30 – 31 Oct 2019

The major swine diseases in Thailand and current diagnostic methods

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Basic information

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Basic information

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Basic information

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Basic information

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Basic information

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Basic information

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Basic information

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Basic information

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Updates on disease situation

• Situation of major swine disease

o Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS)

o Classical Swine Fever (CSF)

o Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)

o African Swine Fever (ASF)

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Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS)

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• Seropositive animals could be traced back to as early as 1989.

• In 1996, the first Thai PRRSV was isolated and was identified as Type 2 PRRSV (Damrongwatanapokin, S. et al 1996)

• A few years later, Type 1 PRRSV was also reported in Thailand, and some was found to be co-circulating with Type 2 PRRSV within the same herd.

(Thanawongnuwech, R. et al 2004)

Epidemiology of PRRS in Thailand

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Type 1 Type 2

EU NA

Tun, et al. 2011

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Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndromes

Genotype Clade/Lineage

Type 1 (European) Clade A, Clade D, Clade H

Type 2 (North America) L1, L5, L8, Orphanage Lineage

*Classification of PRRS isolate based on Shi et al. (2010) and Tun et al. (2011).

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Laboratory diagnosis• Multiplex qRT-PCR

• PRRSV primers and probes sequence

➢ Eu Fw 5’ GAT GAC RTC CGG CAY C 3’

➢ Eu Rev 5’ CAG TTC CTG CGC CTT GAT 3’

➢ Eu probe 5’ Fam-TGC AAT CGA TCC AGA CGG CTT-BHQ1

➢ NA_Fw 5' ATR ATG RGC TGG CAT TC 3'

➢ NA_Rev 5' ACA CGG TCG CCC TAA TTG 3'

➢ NA_probe Hex-TGT GGT GAA TGG CAC TGA TTG ACA-BHQ1

Kleiboeker SB, 2005

➢ CN_Fw 5’CCC AAG CTG ATG ACA CCT TTG3’

➢ CN_Rev 5’AAT CCA GAG GCT CAT CCT GGT3’

➢ CN_Probe Texas red-5’CGC GTA GAA CTG TGA CAA CAACGC TGA3’-BHQ2

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Laboratory diagnosis

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Classical Swine Fever (CSF)

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Epidemiology of Classical Swine Fever

• The first report case in Thailand occurred in 1950 in Bang ken district, Bangkok.

• Thailand genogroup.

1. Genotype 1 ( subgenotype 1.1 and 1.3)

2. Genotype 2 (subgenotype 2.1 and 2.2)

3. Genotype 3 ((subgenotype 3.3)

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Classical Swine Fever (CSF)

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Genogroup Period

1.1 1988-present

1.3 1988-1993

2.1 2001- present

2.2 1996-2008

3.3 1991-1996

Classical Swine Fever

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Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)

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Classical Swine Fever (CSF)

NPLAIPMA

Classical Swine Fever (CSF)

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Classical Swine Fever (CSF)

Immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA)

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Classical Swine Fever (CSF)

Immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA)

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Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)

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Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

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Laboratory diagnosis

❑Real time PCR

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Primer and Probe

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African Swine Fever (ASF)

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Type of sample

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Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)

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Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)

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Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)

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Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED)

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African Swine Fever (ASF)

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African Swine Fever (ASF)

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African Swine Fever (ASF)

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What worked well

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Proficiency testing for swine diseases

Supported by FAO

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Proficiency testing for ASF

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Challenges and possible solution

• Lack of swine sample.

• Lack of collaboration between pig farmers and

government agency.

• Have a good collaboration with laboratory

network.

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Thank you