Country Report on Waste management

in Sri Lanka

Status, Achievements and Challenges

Asia Pacific Workshop

on

Global Partnership on Waste Management

Status, Achievements and Challenges

Eng V R Sena Peiris

Director

National Cleaner Production Centre,

Sri Lanka

About Sri Lanka

• An island situated in the Indian Ocean and world renowned for its rich biodiversity.

• Total land Extent: 65,000 km2

• Total Population: 19.5 million.

• Divided into 9 provinces and 25 administrative districts.

• The island is governed by a parliamentary system headed by • The island is governed by a parliamentary system headed by executive president.

• Regional administration: 9 provincial councils.

• 330 local authorities comprising of

– 18 Municipal Councils,

– 42 Urban Councils

– 270 Pradesheeya Sabhas.

Environmental Policy framework in Sri Lanka

• Overarching policy

– Haritha Lanka program (Greening Sri Lanka) under H E President of Sri Lanka

• Policy Making Body

– Ministry of Environment

• Enforcement• Enforcement

– Central Environmental Authority

• Main Policy Document

– National Environmental Act

• Provincial Implementation

– Local Government Authorities

Waste Management• Enforcement

– Central Environmental Authority

• Line Ministry responsible

– Ministry of Provincial Councils and Local

Government

• Provincial responsibility

– Local Government Authorities

Note: The above organizations are responsible

only for municipal waste and not for

industrial and agricultural wastes

Waste management Policies and

Regulations

• National Solid Waste Management Policy

• National Cleaner Production Policy and Strategy

• Urban Development Authority Act

• (No.41 of 1978, Regulation No. 392/9, 10th of March 1986)1986)

• National Solid Waste Management Strategy

• Technical Guide Lines for Solid Waste Management

• Municipal Council Ordinance (Chapter 252, No.: 16 of 1942)

• By-laws on Solid Waste Management in Municipal Councils

• Local Government By Laws

Various International Actors in Waste

Management

• Japan International Cooperation Agency

• Korea International Cooperation Agency

• United Nations Environmental Program

• United Nations Industrial Development • United Nations Industrial Development Organization

• World Bank

• World Health Organization

• International Labour organization

JICA programs

• National solid waste management support center (NSWMSC)-

was established in 2003 with JICA assistance

• JICA project to support local authorities in SWM in 2007 for

capacity building

• JICA supported 17 local government authorities to conducted • JICA supported 17 local government authorities to conducted

surveys to assess waste and develop waste management

plans

• JICA developed capacity in Ministry of Local Government and

Provincial Councils and Local Government Authorities

KOICA Assistance

• Korean International Cooperation Agency

(KOICA) provided financial and technical

assistance to the National Solid Waste

Management Programme `Pilisaru’ . Management Programme `Pilisaru’ .

‘Pilisaru’, the largest waste management

project of Sri Lanka and encompassing all

Local Governments and Provincial

councils, provides assistance to value add to

bio degradable wastes and other wastes.

UNEP

• Assisted Matale Municipal Council (MMC) to develop an Integrated Solid waste management Plan and Build capacity in the MMC

• Assisted in converting waste agricultural biomass to value added resources through a biomass to value added resources through a pilot project in Moneragala district

• The assistance was provided through International Environmental Technology Center in Japan.

UNIDO

• Provided assistance to conduct a survey and

develop a solid waste management plan for

Moneragala Pradesheeya sabha in 2003/4.

• Provided the services of International

consultant to develop a project to manage consultant to develop a project to manage

mercury containing hazardous waste

(Fluorescent and CFL , dental amulgum)

• Provide local support to UNEP programs

through NCPC

World bank

• Provide assistance for the feasibility study in

developing the first sanitary landfill site in the

country- This was stopped due to community

resistanceresistance

• Assisted in developing a composting plant

using organic waste at a local government

authority in southern province

World Health Organization

• Provided assistance to waste segregation at

hospitals

• Provided financial assistance for developing a

solution for clinical waste through solution for clinical waste through

autoclaves/hydroclaves

• Capacity building of personnel in the health

sector on waste management

International Labour organization

• Green Jobs creation in the waste management

sector

• Capacity building in waste segregation local

groupsgroups

National Activities

• Several new waste management companies have commenced

• Several NGOs have pilot waste segregation projects in selected local authorities

• Mercury recovery (Orange CFL industries)• Mercury recovery (Orange CFL industries)

• E-waste collection (9 companies licensed)

• Hazardous waste transport

• Hazardous waste processing (Holcim cement kiln)

• Pilisaru program focusing on composting -77 local authorities have started composting plants

• Establishment of a environmental police force

Segregation and Recycling of Plastics

• Post consumer Plastic Recyclers Association

established

• Production of plastic film less than 20 micron

bannedbanned

• Several plastic recyclers are in operation

offering high prices for clean materials

• Many community based organizations have

become partners in these businesses.

Waste Streams covered

• Municipal Wastes

– Organic- Treatment through Composting

– Inorganic- Treatment through Recycling and recovery of resources

• Medical Wastes• Medical Wastes

– Clinical – Final treatment through Incineration

– General- Disposal at landfills

• Hazardous

– E wastes- Collection streamlined through licensing

– Others- Collection streamlined, some wastes are treated

Scheduled Waste management

• Regulations in force since 1996

• Enforcement was not done till 2009

• Transporters, storing facilities for scheduled waste licensedwaste licensed

• Equipment for handling and transporting certified

• Industries having scheduled waste to obtain compulsory scheduled waste license

• Holcim licensed for processing selected scheduled wastes

Perceptions and Challenges

• Political commitment at local level is low

• Community support and participation is non

existent

• Waste has no economic value

• Waste management is a free service offered • Waste management is a free service offered

by local authority

• No sanitary landfills are available

• Incineration and waste heat recovery is not

encouraged at policy level

Assessment of Needs • Strengthening of policy framework

• Preparation of ISWM plans for each local government area

• Strengthening of the enforcement agency with staff and resourcesstaff and resources

• Development of capacity at Local Government level politicians

• Enhancing Technology and Plant and machinery

• Research and Development for local solutions

• Creation of economic value for wastes

Example of ISWM Plan at Matale

Municipal Council

Waste Characterization

and Quantification and

Future Trends

Targets for

ISWM

Steps Followed

Prevailing Solid Waste

Management Systems

and Gaps Therein

Constraints and Stakeholder

Concerns

Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan

(Management System including Technical, Policy & Voluntary aspects)

“A Clean and

Green City”

VISION

“In this Historic city of Matale whilst paying

due attention to the social, economic, and

welfare needs of its resident population and

visitors to the city. We are fully committed to

accomplish an maintain at the highest level of

MMC –MISSION

“Provice efficient and effective Solid Waste Management

services to all using environmentally sound technologies in

a proactive and socially & environmentally responsible

ISWMP -MISSION

Elements of ISWM plan

accomplish an maintain at the highest level of

efficiency our health services, roads welfare

facilities and all utility services within as

environmental friendly atmosphere”

1: Eliminate risks to the sensitive ecological systems in Matale.

2: Provide Waste Management services to all citizens in Matale Municipal council

and eliminate risks to human health resulting from mismanagement of Solid Waste.

3: Reduce loss of valuable resources by recovering prior to final disposal

4: Comply with National, Provincial and Local environmental regulatory

requirements.

5: Build capacity of relevant employees of the MMC and all other stakeholders to

achieve sustainable Solid Waste Management.

GOALS

a proactive and socially & environmentally responsible

manner. Endeavour to integrate the 3 R concepts of waste

management and develop the capacity of all stakeholders

to contribute positively towards sustainable solid waste

management”.

Goals Objectives Quantitative Targets

Short Term (2008 – 2012) Long Term (2013 – 2025)

Goal 1Eliminate risks to the sensitive ecological systems in Matale.

1 Convert landfill sites into engineered sanitary type landfills

Find adequate and suitable landfill site for waste disposal

Develop a fully engineered sanitary landfill for disposal of hazardous and residual wastes

Goal 2Provide Waste Management services to all citizens in Matale Municipal council and eliminate risks to human

2 Segregation of all waste streams at source prior to collection3 Provide waste management services to all in the MMC area

50% of the waste to be segregated at source

Provide waste management services to 50% of the community that is not being served

100% of the waste to be segregated at source

Waste management services to be provided to entire community of the MMCeliminate risks to human

health resulting from mismanagement of Solid Waste.

all in the MMC area 4 Improve the efficiency of the waste collection system

that is not being served MMC

Goal 3Reduce loss of valuable resources by recovering prior to final disposal

5 Reduce waste sent for landfill site with final objective of zero waste 6 All waste streams sorted and material/resources recovered from waste streams using the reuse and recycle techniques7 All organic wastes to be composted and where ever possible used for biogas generation8 Apply 3R concepts to all industrial wastes

Four biogas and compost stations to be built to process 40% of the organic wastes

50% of the recyclable waste (including construction waste) to be transferred through waste exchange

50% of the recyclable waste (including industrial waste) to converted to value added material through small industries

75% of the organic waste to be processed and treated using most appropriate technologies

75% of the recyclable waste to be converted to value added material through industries

Goal 4Comply with National, Provincial and Local environmental regulatory requirements.

9 Reduce volume of per capita waste generated 10 All hazardous wastes to be segregated, treated and disposed safely

15% reduction in waste generation at all sources

30% reduction in waste generation at all sources

Goal 5Build capacity of

11 Streamline and increase community

100% of the community to be given awareness on proper solid

20% of the community to be actively participating in solid waste

Goals Objectives Quantitative Targets

Short Term (2008 – 2012) Long Term (2013 – 2025)

relevant employees of the MMC and all other stakeholders to achieve sustainable Solid Waste Management.

participation in waste management practices12 All residents to be given thorough awareness and training

waste management

10% of the community to be actively participating in solid waste management program

management program

S7 Setting up Children’s’ Societies at each Municipality ward

S8 Establishing Waste Minimization Cell for each Municipality ward

S9 Establishment of Waste Exchange Centre

S10 Promoting Private Sector Participation in recycling based industries

S11 Strengthening Community Based Organizations

S12 Develop programmes to enhancing living and working conditions of Sanitation

Workers

S1 Developing Information Sharing Systems

S2 Establishing Links with Existing Waste Exchange Programmes

S3 Developing Publicity Material in Sinhala and Tamil

S4 Developing Awareness and Training Packages

S5 Conducting Awareness Programmes to all Stakeholders

S6 Conducting Training Programmes to key stakeholders

S13 Provide segregation bins to residents of identified streets for

T1 - Capacity Building and Communicating ISWM PlanT2 - Establishing Partnerships through Institutional Building and

Community Empowerment

T3 - Infrastructure Development

T5 – Policy Based Changes

Themes & Schemes

T4

S13 Provide segregation bins to residents of identified streets for

promotion of source segregation

S14 Re-introduce bell collection system for house to house collection

S15 Restore the Environmental Education centre and provide

necessary equipment to enhance its role.

S16 Setting up Eco-Kiosks

S17 Setting up intermediate collection point for E-Waste

S18 Setting up and Intermediate Collection and Transfer Stations

for Municipal Waste

S19 Establishing a Central Collection and Exchange Point for

Construction and Demolition Material

S20 Introduce compartmentalized trailers to transport separate waste

streams

S21 Locate suitable land for construction of Sanitary Landfill

S27 Effecting Policy Changes at Local Government Level

S28 Lobbying for Approval of Municipal Council By- laws

S29 Develop incentive system to promote source

segregation

S30 Lobby to increase fines and introduce new fines to

discourage open dumping and disposal of commingled

waste

S22 Conduct Cleaner Production demonstration project for wood based industries

S23 Conduct Cleaner Production demonstration project for Hotels and restaurants

S24 Develop project proposal for setting up Industrial Estate for Recycling Based Industries

S25 Develop proposals for setting up decentralized composting plants

S26 Develop proposal for setting up decentralized biogas plants

T4 - Source Reduction through Cleaner Production, 3R and Resource Recovery

Special Projects• Pilot Projects

– Source Segregation at Household Level

– Waste Reduction at Schools

• Sub Projects

– Decentralized Biogas Plant for Market Waste

– Animal feed from fish and meat wastes

– Biogas Plant for Hospital Waste– Biogas Plant for Hospital Waste

– De-centralised Composting Plants

– Establishment of Waste Exchange Platform

– Community Based Projects to Strengthen MMC relationship with Community

– Preparation of Proposal for Setting up Waste Recycling Park (Eco-park)

– Preparation of Awareness Raising Material on Hazardous Waste Management

Future Sustainability

• Link to National Solid Waste Management

Program under the Ministry of Environment

“PILISARU”

• Wider community participation• Wider community participation

• Organizational capacity building

• Developing capacity of school children to take

over sub projects

• Rewarding and Recognition

Current Situation

• Most of the schemes and special projects are

implemented through Pilisaru program

assistance

• Community Participation has increased • Community Participation has increased

initially but decreased over time

• Capacity of the SWM staff enhanced and jobs

of the field staff were made greener.

• Reward scheme was not started

Infrastructure Issues to be solved at

National level

• Establishment of Engineered Sanitary landfills

for residual wastes and hazardous wastes

• Facilities for Treatment and disposal of clinical

wasteswastes

• Provision of Waste handling equipment for

local government authorities

• Establishment of eco parks/recycling parks

Thank you

Contact details

V R Sena Peiris

Director

National Cleaner Production Centre

No 251/30, Kirula Road,Narahenpita

Colombo 05

Tel 0094 11 2369601/2

Fax 0094 11 2369603

Email: ncpcsl@ncpcsrilanka.org

Web: www.ncpcsrilanka.org