course ilt basic networking concepts unit objectives compare various types of networks discuss types...
TRANSCRIPT
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Basic networking concepts
Unit objectives Compare various types of networks Discuss types of servers Discuss LAN topologies Discuss planning in network design
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Topic A
Topic A: Networking fundamentals Topic B: Types of servers Topic C: Topologies Topic D: Planning in network design
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Features of legacy networks
All processing takes place at the central computer
Dumb terminals or terminals having no processing power provide user access to the mainframe/minicomputer
There are limited off-the-shelf software products available for purchase as most applications are custom-built
Support staff is needed for management and control
Incremental growth is prohibitively expensive
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Features of peer-to-peer networks
Workstations store their own application and data files
Speed is primarily a factor of the workstation used as processing occurs at the workstation
Each node on the system talks to all the other nodes
Peer-to-peer communications make some level of file and printer sharing possible
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Features of peer-to-peer networks
– No one system is in charge of the network
– Security might be limited
– This type of system does not work well with more than 10 workstations or nodes
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Client/server networks
In a client/server environment, there are separate systems providing resources and accessing resources
The client/server model provides distributed processing– Application and data files can be stored
on the file server – Files are downloaded to intelligent
workstations (clients) for processing – Results are uploaded to the server for
storage – The server might provide additional
services to the client
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CANs, MANs, and WANs
As networks in geographically contiguous buildings begin to be connected, a campus area network (CAN) is formed
Metropolitan area networks (MANs) connect networks that are non-contiguous, but located within a local calling area
A Wide area network (WAN) links networks that are located in different local calling areas, known as Local Access Transport Areas (LATA)
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CANs and MANs
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WAN characteristics
Wide geographic area, any size up to national or international
Low to high speed links Remote links that might be operational
LANs or groups of workstations only
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WAN
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Activity A-1
Discussing network types
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The role of Network Operating Systems
A Network Operating System (NOS) runs on the server in a client/server network configuration and turns a PC into a network server
Examples of NOSs include Microsoft NT/2000 Server/Server 2003, Novell NetWare, IBM OS/2, Banyan VINES, Mac OSX, AppleShare IP, UNIX and Linux
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Servers, workstations, and hosts
Servers – Computers that have been optimized to
run a network operating system
Workstations – A personal computer that is connected to
a network, which can perform tasks through applications or utilities
Hosts – Any network device that has a TCP/IP
address
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Activity A-2
Discussing network operating systems
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Topic B
Topic A: Networking fundamentals Topic B: Types of servers Topic C: Topologies Topic D: Planning in network design
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Types of servers
Include– Fax servers– CD servers– E-mail servers– Print servers– Other types of servers
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Fax servers
Permits users to send and, in some cases, receive facsimiles at their network workstations
Manage the re-direction of faxes to the appropriate location
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CD servers
Usually a stand-alone device consisting of four or more, perhaps as many as 100 CD-ROM readers
Installing a CD server can provide the entire enterprise with access to installation media, such as workstation applications, reference media and periodicals, or any other data needed by multiple users
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Activity B-1
Discussing fax servers and CD servers
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E-mail servers
Electronic mail (e-mail) is one of the popular forms of business and personal communication
Frequently implemented on dedicated servers due to the large volume of messages a network will generate
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Print servers
Can be directly attached to workstations or servers
Most network operating systems support the use of third-party print services such as the JetDirect series from Hewlett-Packard and the NetPort line from Intel
Most third-party print servers offer efficient and reliable operation
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Other types of servers
Web servers Database servers Application servers Others All provide specific functionality and
may be dedicated or share functionality with other servers
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Activity B-2
Discussing e-mail, print and other servers
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Topic C
Topic A: Networking fundamentals Topic B: Types of servers Topic C: Topologies Topic D: Planning in network design
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Topology overview
Defines how the physical media links the network nodes
Types of topology include– Bus– Ring– Star– Mesh
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Bus topology
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Ring topology
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Star topology
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Mesh topology
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Activity C-1
Discussing topologies
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Topic D
Topic A: Networking fundamentals Topic B: Types of servers Topic C: Topologies Topic D: Planning in network design
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Creating a plan
Determine what business requirements must be met
Review the current infrastructure Review new and existing technologies that
can be used to meet business needs Determine the appropriate infrastructure
requirements Document the design Review the documentation with the
appropriate technical personnel and business leaders and modify as necessary
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Ongoing planning
Essential for a good network plan The plan needs to be re-evaluated
frequently to see if its implementation is feasible in the current environment
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Activity D-1
Planning in network design
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Unit summary
Discussed the role of network operating systems
Discussed different types of servers Learned about various topologies Discussed planning in network design