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Page 1: Cover - worldisateaparty.files.wordpress.com · n tro There are treasure troves of good information on Taiwanese tea plants, especially cultivars, but it’s hidden among a lot of

Cover

Page 2: Cover - worldisateaparty.files.wordpress.com · n tro There are treasure troves of good information on Taiwanese tea plants, especially cultivars, but it’s hidden among a lot of

TTaabbllee  ooff  CCoonntteennttss  

Click on a topic to jump to it within this document:

Table of Contents Intro

Plant Varietals More details:

Taiwan Nation Tea Map The List

About the List The 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan: About the Tea Research and Extension Station (TRES) Taiwan Tea Expertise

2029 (“29 son”) Ali Shan (阿里山) Assamica #8 Bai He (白鶴) (TRES/TTES #16) Bai Lu (白鷺) (TRES/TTES #17) Bair-Mau-Hour Bai Wen (白文) (TRES/TTES #14) Bai Yian (白燕) (TRES/TTES #15) Bannockburn 157 Bao Zhong Bi Yu (碧玉) (TRES/TTES #19) Black Jade Buddhas Hand Burma Chin-hsin Chin-hsin Da Pa Chinhsuan Chin Shin Chin-Shin-Dahpan Chin Shin Dar Pan Chin-Shin-Gantzy Chin-Shin-Oolong Cui Yu Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13) Da-To-Hwei son Da Yu Ling (大禹嶺) Dah-Yeh-Oolong

Day Lily De-Hua-She Dong Fang Meiren FKK-1 Fo Shou (佛手) Fong-Huang Formosa Four-season Spring Four Seasons Fragrance of Taiwan Fwu-Jou Gaoshan Gold Lily Golden Tiger Lily Green Heart Green Jade Half Day Perish Hann-Koou Hard Stem Red Heart Hehuacun Shan Cha HeHuan Shan Heritage Aijiao Hong Yu (紅玉) (TRES/TTES #18) Hong Yun (紅韻) (TRES/TTES #21) Horng-Shin-Dahpan Hsin Chu Huang Gan Hwang-Gan Jaipuri Jin Xuan (金萱) (TRES/TTES #12) Joy Mountain JX020 Kimen King of Taiwan High Mountain Kyang Le-Ye Long-Tou Manipuri Mei-Yuan Ming-Hai Nan-Fong

Oriental Beauty (東方美人茶) Oriental Red Paochong (Pouchong) tea Phoobsering 312 Qi Dan Qing Xin (青心) Qing Xin Da Mao Qing Xin Da Pha Red Jade Ruan Zhi (Egret) Ruby #18 Sacred Lily Shan Shan-1 Shan-2 Shan-3 Shan-4 Shan Lin Xi Shiang-Yuan Shoei-Shian Shui Hsien Shy-Jih-Chuen Si Ji Chun Si-Ji Chuan Soft Stem Taiwan #12 Taiwan #13 Tiee-Guan-In TRES/TTES #1 TRES/TTES #2 TRES/TTES #3 TRES/TTES #4 TRES/TTES #5 TRES/TTES #6 TRES/TTES #7 TRES/TTES #8 TRES/TTES #9 TRES/TTES #10 TRES/TTES #11 TRES/TTES #12 TRES/TTES #13 TRES/TTES #14 TRES/TTES #15 TRES/TTES #16 TRES/TTES #17

TRES/TTES #18 TRES/TTES #19 TRES/TTES #20 TRES/TTES #21 TRES/TTES #22 TTES #335 TTES #983 TTES #1958 Tzuiyu Water Sprite White Crest of Rooster White Hair Monkey Wu Shan Ban Qing Ming Wuu-Yi Xiang Yuan (香橼) Ying-Jy-Horng-Shin Ying Xiang (迎香) (TRES/TTES #20) Ying Zhi Hong Xin (硬枝红心) Yung Kang

Some of the Teas We’ve Tried

Aged Tea 1990 Tea Alishan Oolong Tea Four Seasons Tea Tsuei Luan Tea Black Ruby Teas Da Yu Ling Teas Wen Shan Bao Zhong Teas Dong Ding Teas Formosa Oolong Teas Formosa Green Tea Jade Oolong Tea Jin Xuan Milk Oolong Li Shan Oolong Tea Long Feng Xia Tea Mi Xian Black Butiki Tea Muzha Tie Guan Yin Shan Lin Shi Oolong Tea Shan Ling Xi Tea Shi Zuo Tea Wu Ling Tea Zhong Shu Hu Tea

Final Thoughts

Page 3: Cover - worldisateaparty.files.wordpress.com · n tro There are treasure troves of good information on Taiwanese tea plants, especially cultivars, but it’s hidden among a lot of

IInnttrroo  

There are treasure troves of good information on Taiwanese tea plants, especially cultivars, but it’s hidden among a lot of tea sites that are all show and no real substance (even those where the site owners have published books about tea).Time to lay out some information on these plants in a little more depth and in a more co- ordinated manner for all of you fellow Taiwan- ese tea devotees.

PPllaanntt  VVaarriieettaallss  

NOTE: This is a compilation of information from various gardening websites.

A lot of confusion abounds about what a cultivar is and what plant varieties are. It’s simple, really:

Cultivar: a plant varietal that is specially created. Regular varietal: occurs naturally.

MMoorree ddeettaaiillss::

Type: Natural Variety Cultivated Variety

Called: “varietal” “cultivars”

Propagated from: seeds stem cuttings or other techniques

found growing and reproducing naturally from seed

assures that the offspring plants retain Parents plant characteristics

plant characteristics will not necessarily be in offspring, especially if other tea plant varietals are nearby and cross-pollination occurs

plant characteristics will not necessarily be in the cultivar plant offspring if they are grown from seeds

Naming style: Genus + species + var. + varietal name

A natural variety name is italicized and in lower case and follows the species name. Sometimes it is preceded by “var.” (short for “varietal”).

Genus + species + ‘Cultivar’

The name of the cultivar in the full scientific name for a plant follows genus name and species name. Cultivar name is capitalized and in single quotation marks ( ‘ ‘ ).

IMPORTANT NOTE: Cultivars are often patented by the plant developer. A license is usually required to take cuttings from that plant and propagate it. Otherwise, you could get into legal difficulties. For tea gardeners, this means they need to apply for a patent for their plant to protect it and then follow up with anyone growing one of the plants they got from this plant developer to be sure propagations are duly paid for. A lot of time and money can go into developing these cultivars.

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TTaaiiwwaann  NNaattiioonn  TTeeaa  MMaapp    

(source)

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TThhee  LLiisstt  

AAbboouutt tthhee LLiisstt

This is a consolidation of lists from around the internet. The cultivar names have been broken up into what looks like their appropriate parts to make reading them a bit easier. For many of the cultivars only a little information could be found. For others, there is much infor- mation available. We have selected key cultivars and presented info on them at the end of this chart. Not all of these plants are currently grown in Taiwan but are considered suitable for such cultivation. Photos aren’t always available of the tea plants, so some of these have the processed leaves or the liquid or none. Often the tea is named after the plant that the leaves came from or the region in Taiwan where grown.

TThhee 1122 pprreevvaaiilliinngg ccuullttiivvaarrss iinn TTaaiiwwaann::

1. Bi Yu (TRES/TTES #19) 2. Chin-Shin-Dahpan 3. Chin-Shin-Gantzy 4. Chin-Shin-Oolong

5. Cuy Yu (TRES/TTES #13) 6. Hong Yu (TRES/TTES #18) 7. Hong Yun (TRES/TTES #21) 8. Jin Xuan (金萱) (TRES/TTES #12)

9. Shy-Jih-Chuen 10. TRES/TTES #7 11. TRES/TTES #8 12. Ying Xiang (TRES/TTES #20)

AAbboouutt tthhee TTeeaa RReesseeaarrcchh aanndd EExxtteennssiioonn SSttaattiioonn ((TTRREESS))

Former name: Taiwan Tea Experiment Station (TTES)

The research and development center of Taiwan tea. Facilities for scientists and tea masters to conduct study, research, and experiments to improve tea plantations, develop new and better cultivars, and manufacture and educate the industry and consumers in Taiwan.

On a 20 hectare site in Yangmei District. The region has slightly acidic soil not well suited for other agriculture and therefore has seen tea become a major crop.

Affiliated to the governmental Council of Agriculture.

1903 – established as Tea Manufacture Experiment Station.

1968 – reorganized as Taiwan Tea Experiment Station.

1999 – reorganized again as Taiwan Tea Experiment Station.

2003 – renamed the Tea Research and Extension Station.

TTaaiiwwaann TTeeaa EExxppeerrttiissee

Thomas Shu and his wife, Josephine Pan, shown in the photo at right, conduct tours to Taiwan to explore, learn, and get “hands on” with Taiwanese teas. They are called “TOST” (Taiwan Oolong Study Tours) and have been held for several years now, with many happy participants walking away with a better knowledge of Taiwan and its teas.

Their blog

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22002299  ((““2299  ssoonn””))  

See Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13).

AAllii  SShhaann  ((阿阿里里山山))  See Jin Xuan.

AAssssaammiiccaa  ##88  Tea Style Used for Taiwanese Black Tea

Origin India

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Introduced to Taiwan by Japanese in 1920s for black tea production. When they left Taiwan, black tea production fell off in favor of oolongs. Sun Moon Lake region is a minor black tea production area. Teas made from Assam variety often aged, similar to pu-erhs.

BBaaii  HHee  ((白白鶴鶴))  ((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1166))  Year Registered 1983

Tea Style Used for Green tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Parents

TTES #1958 x

TTES #335 (Tainon-355) (Dah-Yeh-Oolong x Kyang)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

BBaaii  LLuu  ((白白鷺鷺))  ((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1177))  

Year Registered 1983

Other name(s) Chin Shin Qing Xin Qing Xin Da Pha Ruan Zhi (Egret) Soft Stem

Tea Style Used for

Dong Ding Oriental Beauty Bao Zhong (Pouchong) Ruan Zhi

Parents

TTES #1958 x

TTES #335 (Dah-Yeh-Oolong x Kyang)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

Where Grown in Taiwan

Alishan at 1200m Zhushan at 600m Baguashan Wenshan Shanlinxi

Where Grown in China

Wuyishan & Anxi County (安溪县) in Fujian Province (福建省)

Where Grown in Thailand

Chiang Dao (800m) Doi Tung (1000m) Doi Angkhang bis (1400m)

Doi Mae Salon Doi Inthanon (1200m) Doi Wawee (1400m)

Provinz Chiang Rai (1400m)

Where Grown in Vietnam

Bao Loc Mountain

Developed by the Taiwan Tea Experiment Station (TTES). Other common titles are Ruan Zhi (Egret) and TTES #17. Similar to Qing Xin (青心), literally "green heart", often mistaken for it.

Usually only lightly oxidized and labeled as “Pou-chong” (Light Oolong). Variations include Chin-Shin Da Pan, Si-Ji-Chun, Chin-Shin Oolong, Chin-Shin Gan Zai, TTES No.7, TTES No.8, and TTES No.18. Picked from tea gardens in Dong Ding Mountain at 700-1,200 meters (about 2,200-3,700 feet) elevation, tradition-ally made from one bud and 2-3 leaves combos, oxi-dation level of 25-35%. Produces excellent quality Bao Zhong (Pouchong) but relatively weaker growth and disease-resistance.

(Source)

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BBaaiirr‐‐MMaauu‐‐HHoouurr    Tea Style Used for Oolong tea

Origin north Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Landraces

BBaaii  WWeenn  ((白白文文))  ((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1144))  Year Registered 1983

Tea Style Used for Oolong tea Black tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Parents Bai Mao Hour (Taiwan)

x TTES #983 (Hwang-Gan x Kyang)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

Where Grown Songboling, Nantou county in Central Taiwan

Leaves have somewhat bitter taste for insects, so they tend to avoid them. If any insects do happen on the plant and lay eggs on leaves, those eggs generally fall off during process-ing.

BBaaii  YYiiaann  ((白白燕燕))  ((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1155))  

Year Registered 1983

Tea Style Used for Oolong White tea Green tea

Parents Bai Mau Hou

x TTES #983 (Hwang-Gan x Kyang)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

BBaannnnoocckkbbuurrnn  115577  Other name(s) B157

Tea Style Used for Oolong

Where Grown Taiwan

Type & Breeding Method Clonal

Named after the Bannock-burn Darjeeling tea garden in West Bengal, India, where it was developed in association with the Tea Research Association. Tem-perature resistant, pest re-sistant, rich aroma, easy on the tummy.

(photo source)

BBaaoo  ZZhhoonngg  

See Bai Lu (白鷺) (TRES/TTES #17).

BBii  YYuu  ((碧碧玉玉))  ((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1199))  

Year Registered 2004

Other name(s) Green Jade

Tea Style Used for Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Parents TTES-12 (Taiwan)

x Chin-Shin-Oolong (Taiwan)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Developed variety

Light green shoot tip, middle dense leaf hair, oval to ob-long shape mature leaf, strong vigor, less drought resist-ance, mid to high yield, spring harvest date. Liquid is bright and honey green with elegant flavor and sweet taste. Suited for middle to high altitude tea plantations.

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

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BBllaacckk  JJaaddee  

See Hong Yu (TRES/TTES #18).

BBuuddddhhaass  HHaanndd  

See Fo Shou (佛手).

BBuurrmmaa    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Myanmar

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

CChhiinn‐‐hhssiinn  

Tea Style Used for

Alishan Baozhong Da Yu Ling Dong Ding Lishan

Shan Li Xi Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

A category of culitivars (Chin-hsin, Luanze, etc.) usually simplified into one grouping. Cultivated by the Japanese in Taiwan for high quality and slower growth-rate that develops more complexity within leaves. Used in top quality teas (high-mountain Alishan, Lishan, Da Yu Ling, etc., plus Dong-Ding and Baozhong).

(Source)

CChhiinn‐‐hhssiinn  DDaa  PPaa  Tea Style Used for Oriental Beauty Oolong

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Where Grown Taiwan

Not as popular as Chin-hsin; mostly used to make Orien-tal Beauty. Leaves more oval. Sweeter, rich honey-like flavor in infused liquid. Thought to originate from China; introduced to Taiwan around same time as Chin-hsin.

CChhiinnhhssuuaann  

See Jin Xuan (金萱) (TRES/TTES #12).

CChhiinn  SShhiinn  

See Bai Lu (白鷺) (TRES/TTES #17).

CChhiinn‐‐SShhiinn‐‐DDaahhppaann  Other name(s) Chin Shin Dar Pan

Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea

Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Origin northwest Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Landraces

Where Grown northwest Taiwan

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

CChhiinn  SShhiinn  DDaarr  PPaann    

See Chin-Shin-Dahpan.

CChhiinn‐‐SShhiinn‐‐GGaannttzzyy  Tea Style Used for Green tea

Where Grown New Taipei City in Taiwan

Species/ Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Landraces

Origin New Taipei City, Taiwan

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

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CChhiinn‐‐SShhiinn‐‐OOoolloonngg  

Tea Style Used for Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Origin Planting around Taiwan

Species/ Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Landraces

Type & Breeding Method

Taiwan cultivar

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

CCuuii  YYuu  

See Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13).

CCuuyy  YYuu  ((翠翠玉玉))  ((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1133))    

Year Registered 1981

Other name(s)

2029 Cui Yu Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Hard Stem Red Heart Ying-Jy-Horng-Shin

Ying Zhi Hong Xin (硬枝红心)

Tea Style Used for

Baozhong Cui Yu aka Jade Oolong Paochong (Pouchong) tea Black

tea Oriental Beauty Oolong teas

Parents

Ying Zhi Hong Xin (Ying-Jy-Horng-Shin)

x TTES #80 (Tainon-80)

Origin Planting in New Taipei City, Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Developed variety

Where Grown Taiwan at lower elevations

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

Usually called by cultivar name. A bit more difficult to find than Four Seasons or Jin Xuan outside of Taiwan; extreme-ly popular in Taiwan and Asia, third most consumed fra-grant oolong. Much better yields than Chin-hsin.

More floral, less creamy than Jin Xuan. Very unique and intense floral/orchid aroma.

Prof. Wu, named this cultivar “Jade”, in memory of his grandmother, but officially named TaiCha #13 in 1982. The tag in the research field said “2029”, so many farmers still call it “29 son”.

Growth rate is slightly weaker than Jin Xuan, but about 20% higher than Chin-shin. Looser growth form, not easy for machine-harvesting. Has a loose form so that machine harvesting is difficult.

(Source)

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DDaa‐‐TToo‐‐HHwweeii  ssoonn  

See Si Ji Chun.

DDaa  YYuu  LLiinngg  ((大大禹禹嶺嶺))  

Other name(s) King of Taiwan High Mountain Tea

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Where Grown Da Yu Ling region of Taiwan at above 2,500 meters elev.

Tough weather conditions, tea plants grow long and only picked occasionally. Leaves full of nutrients, essential oils, enzymes. Quantity limited due to geographical con-dition, price per 500 grams $200-500 US dollars.

DDaahh‐‐YYeehh‐‐OOoolloonngg  Tea Style Used for Green tea Oolong tea

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Landraces

Where Grown north and east Taiwan

DDaayy  LLiillyy  

See Jin Xuan (金萱) (TRES/TTES #12).

DDee‐‐HHuuaa‐‐SShhee  Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Nantou in Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia formosensis

Germplasm Type wild tea

Camellia formosensis (cultivar not specified)

DDoonngg  FFaanngg  MMeeiirreenn    

See Oriental Beauty.

FFKKKK‐‐11    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Parents Kyang (India) x Kimen (China)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

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FFoo  SShhoouu  ((佛佛手手))  

Other name(s) Buddhas Hand Half Day Perish

Xiang Yuan (香橼)

Tea Style Used for Oolong tea (Fo Shou)

Where Grown Yong Chun and Mount Wuyi

in Fujian Province (福建省), China & Taiwan Nation

Sold under its cultivar name. Very large leaves. Usually lightly roasted; strong fruity flavor and full body.

FFoonngg‐‐HHuuaanngg  Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Nantou in Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia formosensis

Germplasm Type wild tea

Camellia formosensis (cultivar not specified)

FFoorrmmoossaa    Tea Style Used for Oolong, including Oriental Beauty

A large-leaved cultivar named after the island of Formo-sa (now Taiwan); fragrant and floral with a persistent finish; a combination of growing environment and fine processing done by true tea craftsmen.

FFoouurr‐‐sseeaassoonn  SSpprriinngg    

See Si Ji Chun.

FFoouurr  SSeeaassoonnss  

See Si Ji Chun.

FFrraaggrraannccee  ooff  TTaaiiwwaann    

See Hong Yu (紅玉) (TRES/TTES #18).

FFwwuu‐‐JJoouu    Tea Style Used for Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Origin China

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

GGaaoosshhaann  

Has five varieties (Meishan, Yushan, Wushe, Lishan, and Alishan – priciest and most highly regarded), is similar to Qing-Xin used to make Dong-Ding (medium oxidation, withering, and rolling); some of the oolongs made from this cultivar are aged and all have fairly complex flavors involving fruits, florals, and a sweetness akin to sugar-cane.

GGoolldd  LLiillyy  

See Jin Xuan (金萱) (TRES/TTES #12).

GGoollddeenn  TTiiggeerr  LLiillyy  

See Jin Xuan (金萱) (TRES/TTES #12).

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GGrreeeenn  HHeeaarrtt  Other Names Luanze Qing-Xin

Tea Style Used for Dong-Ding oolong

Where Grown Dong Ding Mountain, Taiwan

Used to make Dong-Ding oolong (the authentic version is made only from tea leaves grown on Dong Ding Mountain, 700-1200 meters elevation), traditionally only the tea shoots (the bud and 2-3 leaves) are used and oxidized to 25-35%; also used to make Bao Zhongs that are lightly oxidized and range in flavor from light and sweet like Japanese sencha to floral to fruity.

GGrreeeenn  JJaaddee    

See Bi Yu (碧玉) (TRES/TTES #19) and Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13).

HHaallff  DDaayy  PPeerriisshh  

See Fo Shou (佛手).

HHaannnn‐‐KKoooouu    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin China

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

HHaarrdd  SStteemm  RReedd  HHeeaarrtt  

See Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13) and Ying Zhi Hong Xin

(硬枝红心).

HHeehhuuaaccuunn  SShhaann  CChhaa  Where Grown Hehuacun Shan, Taiwan

HHeeHHuuaann  SShhaann  Other Names Joy Mountain

Tea Style Used for Oolong

Where Grown HeHuan Shan, Taiwan

Type & Breeding Method

Wild

Much appreciated in Taiwan. HeHuan Shan tea gardens are one of top four highest mountain areas on the island, with Da Yu Ling, Li Shan and FuShou Shan.

HHeerriittaaggee  AAiijjiiaaoo  

Believed to be the mother cultivar of the Formosa oolongs. With the aroma of traditional Tieguanyins, the roastiness of Wuyis and the viscosity and florals of Formosas.

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HHoonngg  YYuu  ((紅紅玉玉))  ((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1188))  

Year Registered 1999

Other name(s) Ruby #18 Red Jade Fragrance of Taiwan

Tea Style Used for Black tea

Parents

Taiwanese wild tea tree (B-607) from Taiwan

x Burmese assamica (B-729)

from Myanmar

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Developed variety

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

Honey, cinnamon, and mint notes. Natural sweetness from leafhop-per, throughout growing season lays eggs and bites leaves, produces monoterpene diol and hotrienol to attract spiders.

HHoonngg  YYuunn  ((紅紅韻韻))  ((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##2211))  Year Registered 2008

Tea Style Used for Black tea

Parents

Keemun x

Nepalese assamica from Kyang (FKK-1 line)

Article announcing it

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Developed variety

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

HHoorrnngg‐‐SShhiinn‐‐DDaahhppaann    Tea Style Used for Green tea

Origin northwest Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Landraces

HHssiinn  CChhuu  

Tea Style Used for

Oriental Beauty Tea (“Dong Fang Mei Ren”)

Honey Oolong (“Mi Xiang Oolong”) Mountain Black Tea ("Shan Hong Cha")

Where Grown Hsinchu County, Taiwan at 1,200 meters elev.

Leafhoppers bite the tea leaves and cause some oxidation of the leaves while they are still on the plant. This imparts a matchless fruit-honey taste and aroma to the tea.

HHuuaanngg  GGaann    

See Hwang-Gan.

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HHwwaanngg‐‐GGaann  Other name(s) Huang Gan

Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Planting in northwest of Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Landraces

JJaaiippuurrii    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin India

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

JJiinn  XXuuaann  ((金金萱萱))  ((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1122))  

Year Registered 1981

Other name(s) Gold Lily JX020 Chinhsuan

Golden Tiger Lily Day Lily Taiwan #12

Tea Style Used for

Alishan (阿里山) Baozhong Jin Xuan Oriental Beauty

Paochong (Pouchong) tea Black tea

Parents

Ying Zhi Hong Xin (Taiwan) x

TTES #8 (Hwang-Gan x Chin Shin Oolong)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Developed variety

Where Grown Fujian Province (福建省), China & Taiwan Nation

Generally called “Ali Shan Oolong” and sold as “Jin Xuan.” More shows up on the market than could possibly be grown on the Ali Shan mountains.

Lightly oxidized oolong tea, much of it picked in winter and called “Winter tea”. The most common cultivar used from among those grown on Ali Mountain. Tea merchants stress the special qualities of the cultivar, developed in Taiwan in the 1980s. The tea made with this cultivar has a milky creamy taste and fragrant smell, making it a popular gateway tea for newcomers to Taiwanese oolong. The leaves are often sold with additives that enhance the milk-iness. Farmers growing this plant below 1600 meters eleva-tion often sell it as Alishan tea.

Tea plant has better disease resistance and a 20-40% faster growth rate than Chin-hsin, a more premium tea plant with a higher price per ounce.

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

(photo source)

JJooyy  MMoouunnttaaiinn    

See HeHuan Shan.

JJXX002200  

See Jin Xuan (金萱) (TRES/TTES #12).

KKiimmeenn  Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin China

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

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KKiinngg  ooff  TTaaiiwwaann  HHiigghh  MMoouunnttaaiinn    

See Da Yu Ling (大禹嶺).

KKyyaanngg    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin India

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

LLee‐‐YYee  Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Chiayi in Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia formosensis

Germplasm Type wild tea

Camellia formosensis (cultivar not specified)

LLoonngg‐‐TToouu  Tea Style Used for Black tea Oolong tea

Origin Kaohsiung in Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia formosensis

Germplasm Type wild tea

Camellia formosensis (cultivar not specified)

MMaanniippuurrii    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Manipur, India

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

MMeeii‐‐YYuuaann  Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Nantou in Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia formosensis

Germplasm Type wild tea

Camellia formosensis (cultivar not specified)

MMiinngg‐‐HHaaii  Tea Style Used for Black tea Oolong tea

Origin Kaohsiung in Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia formosensis

Germplasm Type wild tea

Camellia formosensis (cultivar not specified)

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NNaann‐‐FFoonngg  Tea Style Used for Black tea Oolong tea

Origin Kaohsiung in Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia formosensis

Germplasm Type wild tea

Camellia formosensis (cultivar not specified)

OOrriieennttaall  BBeeaauuttyy  ((東東方方美美人人茶茶))  

Other Name(s) Dong Fang Meiren White Tip Oolong

Type & Breeding Method Wild

Very fruity in taste. Along with Lishan Oolong, it was one of the most costly exported Taiwanese teas during the 2000s. Its unique flavor originates in part from the inclusion of insect eggs and egg sacs during harvesting, contributing an element that has been described as "earthier and more robust" than Earl Grey tea.

OOrriieennttaall  RReedd  

See Dong Fang Hong (东方红).

PPaaoocchhoonngg  ((PPoouucchhoonngg))  tteeaa    

See Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13).

PPhhoooobbsseerriinngg  331122  Other name(s) P312

Tea Style Used for Oolong

Type & Breeding Method Clonal

Named after Phoobsering Darjeeling tea garden in West Bengal, India. Was developed in association with Tea Research Associa-tion. Temperature resis-tant, pest resistant, rich aroma, easy on the tummy.

(photo source)

QQii  DDaann  

See Da Hong Pao (大红袍).

QQiinngg  XXiinn  ((青青心心))  

See Bai Lu (白鷺) (TRES/TTES #17).

QQiinngg  XXiinn  DDaa  MMaaoo  

Taiwan Oolong

QQiinngg  XXiinn  DDaa  PPhhaa  

See Bai Lu (白鷺) (TRES/TTES #17).

RReedd  JJaaddee  

See Hong Yu (紅玉) (TRES/TTES #18).

RRuuaann  ZZhhii  ((EEggrreett))  

See Bai Lu (白鷺) (TRES/TTES #17).

RRuubbyy  ##1188    

See Hong Yu (紅玉) (TRES/TTES #18).

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SSaaccrreedd  LLiillyy    

See Shui Xian (水仙).

SShhaann    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Thailand

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

SShhaann‐‐11    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Thailand

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

SShhaann‐‐22    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Thailand

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

SShhaann‐‐33    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Thailand

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

SShhaann‐‐44    Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Thailand

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

SShhaann  LLiinn  XXii  Tea Style Used for Oolong tea

Where Grown Taiwan at 1,200-1,400 meters elevation

A varietal of high mountain Taiwan oolong.

SShhiiaanngg‐‐YYuuaann    

Tea Style Used for Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Origin China

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

SShhooeeii‐‐SShhiiaann    

Tea Style Used for Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Origin China

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

SShhuuii  HHssiieenn  

See Shui Xian (水仙).

SShhyy‐‐JJiihh‐‐CChhuueenn  

Tea Style Used for Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Origin Nantou in Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Landraces

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

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SSii  JJii  CChhuunn  

Other name(s) Four Season Da-To-Hwei son Si-Ji Chuan Four-season Spring

Tea Style Used for Alishan Baozhong Si-ji (Four Seasons)

Parents Chin-hsin x Wuyi

Where Grown Taiwan at lower-elevation

Extremely fast growth rate, can be harvested up to six times a year. Much lower-prices than higher-elevation oolongs. A naturally hybrid cultivar with a strong growth rate year round; the tea has an intense floral/fruity aro-ma that isn’t as “wide” feeling or as exquisite as Chin-shin.

(Source)

SSii‐‐JJii  CChhuuaann  

See Si Ji Chun.

SSoofftt  SStteemm  

See Bai Lu (白鷺) (TRES/TTES #17).

TTaaiiwwaann  ##1122    

See Jin Xuan (金萱) (TRES/TTES #12).

TTaaiiwwaann  ##1133    

See Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13).

TTiieeee‐‐GGuuaann‐‐IInn    

Tea Style Used for Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Origin China

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##11  Year Registered 1969

Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea Oolong tea

Parents Chin-Shin-Dahpan (Taiwan)

x Kyang (India)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##22  Year Registered 1969

Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea Oolong tea

Parents Dah-Yeh-Oolong (Taiwan)

x Jaipuri (India)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##33  Year Registered 1969

Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea

Parents

Manipuri assamica from India x

Hong Xin Da Mao (Horng-Shin-Dahpan) from Taiwan

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

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TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##44  Year Registered 1969

Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea

Parents Horng-Shin-Dahpan (Taiwan)

x Manipuri (India)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##55  Year Registered 1973

Tea Style Used for Green tea Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Origin Fwu-Jou line (China)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Developed variety

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##66  Year Registered 1973

Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea Oolong tea

Origin Chin-Shin-Oolong line (Taiwan)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Developed variety

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##77  Year Registered 1973

Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Shan line (Thailand)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Developed variety

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##88  Year Registered 1973

Tea Style Used for Black tea

Origin Jaipuri line (India)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica

Germplasm Type Developed variety

Where Grown Taiwan

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##99  Year Registered 1975

Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea

Parents Horng-Shin-Dahpan (Taiwan)

x Kyang (India)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1100  Year Registered 1975

Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea

Parents Hwang-Gan (Taiwan)

x Jaipuri (India)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1111  Year Registered 1975

Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea

Parents Dah-Yeh-Oolong (Taiwan)

x Jaipuri (India)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

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TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1122  

See Jin Xuan.

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1133  

See Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13).

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1144  

See Bai Wen.

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1155  

See Bai Yian.

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1166  

See Bai He.

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1177  

See Bai Lu (白鷺) (TRES/TTES #17).

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1188  

See Hong Yu.

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##1199  

See Bi Yu (TRES/TTES #19).

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##2200  

See Ying Xiang (TRES/TTES #20).

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##2211  

See Hong Yun (TRES/TTES #21).

TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##2222  Year Registered 2014

Tea Style Used for Black tea

Parents Qing Xin x Jin Xuan Article from the announcement

TTTTEESS  ##333355    Tea Style Used for Oolong tea

Origin or Parents Dah-Yeh-Oolong x Kyang

TTTTEESS  ##998833  Parents Hwang-Gan x Kyang

TTTTEESS  ##11995588  

See Bai He.

TTzzuuiiyyuu  

See Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13).

WWaatteerr  SSpprriittee  

See Shui Xian (水仙).

WWhhiittee  CCrreesstt  ooff  RRoooosstteerr  

See Bai Ji Guan (白鸡冠).

WWhhiittee  HHaaiirr  MMoonnkkeeyy  Tea Style Used for Oriental Beauty Oolong

Not to be confused with Bai Mao Hou, a green tea also called “White Hair Monkey,” from Fujian province, China. Along with Chin-hsin Da Pa, this cultivar is com-monly used for Oriental Beauty.

WWuu  SShhaann  BBaann  QQiinngg  MMiinngg  

See Ban Qing Ming.

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WWuuuu‐‐YYii    

Tea Style Used for Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Species/ Variety Camellia sinensis var. sinensis

Germplasm Type Introduced variety

Origin China

XXiiaanngg  YYuuaann  ((香香橼橼))  

See Fo Shou (佛手).

YYiinngg‐‐JJyy‐‐HHoorrnngg‐‐SShhiinn  

See Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13).

YYiinngg  XXiiaanngg  ((迎迎香香))    

((TTRREESS//TTTTEESS  ##2200))  Year Registered 2004

Tea Style Used for Black tea Oolong tea Paochong (Pouchong) tea

Parents

2022 (Dah-Yeh-Oolong x Tainon-20) (Taiwan)

x Chin-Shin-Oolong (Taiwan)

Species/Variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica × var. assamica hybrid

Germplasm Type Developed variety

Purplish green shoot tip when bud has just burst then turning bright green, leaf hair is denser then TTES #19, almost oblong shaped mature leaf, bud burst very uni-form, strong vigor, less drought resistance, high yield but the lignification of fresh leaf is very fast, so it had a short harvest period. Liquid is bright honey green with good aroma and strong taste. Suited for mid to low alti-tude tea plantations, avoid humidity and poorly ventilat-ed areas, and beware of blister blight and brown blight.

One of the 12 prevailing cultivars in Taiwan.

YYiinngg  ZZhhii  HHoonngg  XXiinn  ((硬硬枝枝红红心心))  

See Cuy Yu (翠玉) (TRES/TTES #13).

YYuunngg  KKaanngg  Tea Style Used for Black tea Green tea

Species/ Variety Camellia formosensis var. yungkangensis

Germplasm Type wild tea

Where Grown Taitung in Taiwan

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SSoommee  ooff  tthhee  TTeeaass  WWee’’vvee  TTrriieedd  

Over the years we have been honored to try samples of various Taiwanese teas from a host of tea vendors, some of which are no longer in business. We hope you will have the opportunity to try some, too!

AAggeedd  TTeeaa  11999900  TTeeaa  

AAlliisshhaann  OOoolloonngg  TTeeaa  

FFoouurr  SSeeaassoonnss  TTeeaa  

TTssuueeii  LLuuaann  TTeeaa  

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BBllaacckk  RRuubbyy  TTeeaass  

DDaa  YYuu  LLiinngg  TTeeaass  

WWeenn  SShhaann  BBaaoo  ZZhhoonngg  TTeeaass  

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DDoonngg  DDiinngg  TTeeaass  

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FFoorrmmoossaa  OOoolloonngg  TTeeaass  

(From one of those generalist vendors and of very low

quality – the leaves were crushed to almost dust.)

(From another generalist vendor but of better quality.

Dealing with them, though, is difficult.)

(A slightly better version.)

FFoorrmmoossaa  GGrreeeenn  TTeeaa  

JJaaddee  OOoolloonngg  TTeeaa  

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JJiinn  XXuuaann  MMiillkk  OOoolloonngg  

LLii  SShhaann  OOoolloonngg  TTeeaa  

LLoonngg  FFeenngg  XXiiaa  TTeeaa  

MMii  XXiiaann  BBllaacckk  BBuuttiikkii  TTeeaa  

MMuuzzhhaa  TTiiee  GGuuaann  YYiinn  

SShhaann  LLiinn  SShhii  OOoolloonngg  TTeeaa  

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SShhaann  LLiinngg  XXii  TTeeaa  

SShhii  ZZuuoo  TTeeaa  

WWuu  LLiinngg  TTeeaa  

ZZhhoonngg  SShhuu  HHuu  TTeeaa  

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FFiinnaall  TThhoouugghhttss  

Taiwan, like other nations for whom tea is a major crop, faces some tough challenges. High elevation tea gardens are threatened by environmental extremists. Old tea plants need replacing (and we’re talking about thousands of tea plants). The push is strong for labor-intensive “fancy teas” instead of basic teas that take less effort to produce. Tea gardens have to pay out hundreds or even thousands of dollars to get certified as Fair Trade, Organic, etc. (and these certifications need to be renewed annually – it’s a real racket for the agencies issuing the certifications but of no benefit to you, the consumer). Political unrest due to differences of opinion with China continues.

Despite all this, the future for Taiwan teas is rosy. And the more you know, the more you will enjoy. We strongly recommend that you buy from a vendor who specializes in Taiwanese teas, as opposed to the “generalist” tea vendors who carry an array of mediocre teas with a good one thrown in here and there.