Crafty Ohio

American Transitions

from Rural to Urban Life

Webinar #2 | July 21st, 2011

Art and Craft: The Great DebateArt (Traditionally)

• Who: White, educated, westernized men

• What: Painting, drawing, fine art printing, sculpture, photography*

• When: (insert complicated answer)

• Why: Aesthetic enjoyment, honoring a patron, religious expression, intellectual exploration

• Where: “Western” World• How: Patronage, some degree

of independent wealth, formal education

Craft (Traditionally)

• Who: Professional artisans (men), homeworkers and hobbyists (women)

• What: Sewing, knitting, wood and metal working, pottery, glass

• When: (insert complicated answer)

• Why: Employment, hobby, family, ceremony

• Where: Working class, women, and non-white of the western world, non-westernized countries

• How: Apprenticeship, “home schooling”

Art and Craft Today

Faith Ringgold, Tar Beach 2, 1990

Vija Celmins, Ocean, 2003

PurposeMaterial

Skill LevelForm and Function

DialogueGender

Analyzing Craft

• Purpose• Material• Skill Level• Form and Function• Dialogue• Gender

Wholecloth Quilt, ca. 1825-1875 - The history of this quilt is unknown. The comforter is made of hand-woven red, blue, and green striped wool fabric. The front and the back are of the same fabric. It is tied with cream thread. The size is 50 x 71 in.

Analyzing Craft

• Purpose• Material• Skill Level• Form and Function• Dialogue• Gender

Hadley Abolitionist Quilt, 1842 - This 72" by 72“ quilt was made by Quaker women of Clinton Co., Ohio and Wayne Co., Indiana. These women had been disowned by mainstream Quaker meetings due to their anti-slavery activities. The quilters were all members of the Indiana Yearly Meeting of Anti-Slavery Friends, which was comprised of 12 monthly meetings in Indiana and Ohio. Rebecca Harvey Hadley of Clinton Co., who along with her daughters signed the quilt, was related to several of the Indiana signers.

Analyzing Craft

• Purpose• Material• Skill Level• Form and Function• Dialogue• Gender

Lois K. Ide World Peace Quilt, 1987 - Perhaps Ide’s best-known piece; UNICEF used this quilt for a greeting card in 1993. The pieced background of the quilt is based on a traditional Around the World pattern. Peace, World Peace, Peace on Earth, May Peace Prevail on Earth, and There will be World Peace are embroidered in 38 different languages. The all-cotton quilt measures 65 x 66 in. Ide was a native Ohioan who began sewing at four. She learned appliqué and patchwork from her mother and embroidery from her aunt. After years of mastering her craft, she became a master quilter and an internationally known teacher.

QuiltsHannah and Em Greenlee, Crazy Quilt, 1896

Susan Noakes McCord, Grandmother’s Fan Quilt, c. 1900

Amish quilts from the Heritage Center, Lancaster Co. PA

Pottery and Baskets

Anasazi Pottery, c. 1100

Sikyatki, polychrome bowl, c.1350-1700

Attr. Caesar Johnson, Gullah rice fanner basket, c. 1960

Carl Toolak, baleen basket, 1940

Louisa Keyser, Beacon Lights, 1904-05

Maria Montoya and Julian Martinez, Jar, c.1939

Silver

Paul Revere Jr., Teapot, 1796

Thomas William Brown, Tea Service, c. 1840-50

Gene Theobald, Diament Teapot, 1928

Furniture and Decor

James McNeil Whistler, The Peacock Room, 1876-77

Creating and Studying Craft

• Social

• Economic

• Geographic

Ohio CraftPre-Industrial

Revolution

PotteryWhat materials do you need to produce pottery?What challenges do you face in producing and transporting pottery?

Pottery: Geology

Pottery: Minerals

Pottery: Rivers & Canals

Pottery: Industry

Industrial Revolution• To what degree does the

Industrial Revolution change these patterns?

• What about pottery production today? Mass produced? Artisan?

Glass

• What materials do you need to produce glass?

• What challenges do you face in producing and transporting glass?

Glass: Geology

Glass: Minerals

Glass: Rivers and Canals

Glass

Industrial Revolution• To what degree does the

Industrial Revolution change these patterns?

• What about glass production today? Mass produced? Artisan?

Furniture, Fiber, and Fabric• Where are these crafts produced

prior to the Industrial Revolution?• Where are these crafts produced

during and after the Industrial Revolution?

• What about today? Mass produced? Artisan?

• Why do you think these crafts are different from glass and pottery?

Essential Information• Standards• Map Applications

– Other Ohio Industries (soap, pork, oil, coal, steel, corn, soy)

– Mapping Ohio Artists– Ohio Art Institutions and Ohio Industries

• Additional Resources– Ohio As America