CREATING, ACCESSING and SHARING CREATING, ACCESSING and SHARING SPATIA DATASPATIA DATA

with with NSDI NSDI

(National Spatial Data Infrastructure) (National Spatial Data Infrastructure) ApproachApproach

Presented Presented byby

Timucin BakirtasTimucin Bakirtas

OutlineOutline– What is NSDI ?What is NSDI ?– Strategies to Create NSDI Strategies to Create NSDI – NSDI ComponentsNSDI Components

» Clearinghouse, Web portal, ArcWeb service Clearinghouse, Web portal, ArcWeb service » StandardsStandards» Framework & Spatial DataFramework & Spatial Data» Metadata Metadata » Partnerships & OrganizationsPartnerships & Organizations

– NSDI & GIS in Emergency ManagementNSDI & GIS in Emergency Management– SummarySummary

WHAT IS NSDIWHAT IS NSDI It is a set of actions and new ways of creating, It is a set of actions and new ways of creating,

accessing, sharing and using spatial data.accessing, sharing and using spatial data.

The technologies, standards, and people necessary to The technologies, standards, and people necessary to promote sharing of geospatial data through out all promote sharing of geospatial data through out all levels of government, the private, non profit sector and levels of government, the private, non profit sector and the academic communitythe academic community

It provides a base structure of practices and It provides a base structure of practices and relationships among data producers and users that relationships among data producers and users that facilitates data sharing. facilitates data sharing.

It is a national initiative lead by a federal agency that It is a national initiative lead by a federal agency that partners with state, local, private and academic partners with state, local, private and academic organizationsorganizations

Clearinghouse Clearinghouse Web PortalWeb Portal Web ServicesWeb Services StandardsStandards FrameworkFramework MetadataMetadata FGDCFGDC NJ Geospatial ForumNJ Geospatial Forum GIS CommunityGIS Community

NSDI is not only …NSDI is not only …

TECHNOLOGY

POLICIES

PEOPLE

WHY NSDI?WHY NSDI? CREATINGCREATING Spatial data: Spatial data:

NSDI will standardize the spatial data with its methods NSDI will standardize the spatial data with its methods and techniques.and techniques.

ACCESSINGACCESSING Spatial Data:Spatial Data:

NSDI will make spatial data readily accessible through NSDI will make spatial data readily accessible through the search of metadatathe search of metadata

SHARINGSHARING Spatial Data: Spatial Data:

Spatial data will be shared among various organizations Spatial data will be shared among various organizations (Police, Emergency Managers, Planners, Health (Police, Emergency Managers, Planners, Health Officials …), this will prevent the duplication of spatial Officials …), this will prevent the duplication of spatial datadata

Strategies to Create NSDI Strategies to Create NSDI STRATEGY I: Conceptual stepsSTRATEGY I: Conceptual steps

Explain GIS benefits to the Nation and other Explain GIS benefits to the Nation and other communities communities

Include GIS in the curriculum of Universities Include GIS in the curriculum of Universities and other academiaand other academia

Organize seminars and symposiums where new Organize seminars and symposiums where new

developments in GIS are addressed. developments in GIS are addressed.

Exchange GIS technology and ideas through Exchange GIS technology and ideas through instructional Web sites and online forumsinstructional Web sites and online forums

Strategies to Create NSDI Strategies to Create NSDI STRATEGY II: Logical and physical steps STRATEGY II: Logical and physical steps

Form leading committee at the federal level to start this Form leading committee at the federal level to start this initiative initiative

Involve State, local, and tribal governments in the Involve State, local, and tribal governments in the development and implementation of this initiativedevelopment and implementation of this initiative

Utilize the expertise of academia, the private sector, Utilize the expertise of academia, the private sector, professional societies, and others as necessary to aide in professional societies, and others as necessary to aide in the development and implementation of NSDIthe development and implementation of NSDI

Physically develop, implement NSDI and its Physically develop, implement NSDI and its components.components.

STANDARDS

SPATIAL DATAFRAMEWORK

METADATA

CLEARINGHOUSE

PARTNERSHIPS & ORGANIZATIONS

NSDI COMPONENTSNSDI COMPONENTS

WEB PORTAL

GIS DATA SERVERS

Technology Policies People

CLEARINGHOUSE (SEARCH SERVER)CLEARINGHOUSE (SEARCH SERVER)

It is a place where metadata reside. It is a place where metadata reside.

Metadata owners have to register as provider of data Metadata owners have to register as provider of data and services.and services.

It is a search and discovery mechanism for spatial It is a search and discovery mechanism for spatial datadata

It should adopt a search protocol in order to make a It should adopt a search protocol in order to make a attribute search for metadataattribute search for metadata

WHAT IS Z39.50 SEARCH PROTOCOLWHAT IS Z39.50 SEARCH PROTOCOL It is used for searching and retrieving full-text It is used for searching and retrieving full-text

documents, bibliographic data, images and multimedia documents, bibliographic data, images and multimedia in a distributed network environmentin a distributed network environment

The FGDC has developed a Z39.50 application profile The FGDC has developed a Z39.50 application profile for geospatial metadata, called GEOfor geospatial metadata, called GEO

Z39.50/GEO identifies a set of base standards, together Z39.50/GEO identifies a set of base standards, together with appropriate options and parameters necessary to with appropriate options and parameters necessary to accomplish identified functionsaccomplish identified functions

The Z39.50 GEO Profile Search Protocol is a TCP/IP The Z39.50 GEO Profile Search Protocol is a TCP/IP socket-based protocol, and as such, does not require a socket-based protocol, and as such, does not require a web server to be installedweb server to be installed

SEARCH AND RETRIEVE MECHANISMSEARCH AND RETRIEVE MECHANISM

• The phone and email are communication protocols, • The languages (French and Italian) are communication profiles.

1. The user sends a question to the Web Portal in HTTP/HTML, 2. The Web Portal translates it to Z39.50/GEO and

3. Sends it to the search server. 4. The search server responds in Z39.50/GEO to the Web Portal, 5. Web Portal translates it to HTTP/HTML. 6. Sends it to user

• The HTTP and Z39.50 are the communication protocols, GEO and HTML are communication profiles (or languages)

(User)

(Web Portal)

(Search Server)

1

2

3

4

5

6

GIS Web Portal

GATEWAY

HA

RV

ES

TIN

G

METADATA

GIS Server 1 GIS Server 3 GIS Server 2

USER

CLEARINGHOUSE

PU

BLI

SH

ME

TAD

TA PUB

LISH M

ETAD

ATA

Z39.50

FTP

WEB SERVER

WEB PORTAL TECHNOLOGYWEB PORTAL TECHNOLOGY Search, integrate and Search, integrate and

view GIS data from view GIS data from different sources (data, different sources (data, applications, web sites)applications, web sites)

Expand channels to Expand channels to various communities for various communities for collaboration, sharing and collaboration, sharing and networkingnetworking

Create an interactive Create an interactive marketplace for cost marketplace for cost sharingsharing

Source: 2005 ESRI Federal User Conference

MAP VIEWERMAP VIEWER

Browser based map viewer that can be integrated with data services from Browser based map viewer that can be integrated with data services from different data sourcesdifferent data sources

Fusing multiple map services into a single mapFusing multiple map services into a single map Map NavigationMap Navigation Selection QueriesSelection Queries User - friendly and self-explanatory.User - friendly and self-explanatory.

Source: 2005 ESRI Federal User Conference

Web Browser (Thin Client)

@ users

GIS Software (Thick Client)

@ portalhost site

Web Portal

WMS WCSWFS

Geospatial Web Services

GazetteerPlace

Names &Attributes

CatalogData & Service

Metadata

Clients

Maps Features CoveragesLegend:

@ providerorganizations

Framework Data

WEB PORTAL ARCHITECTUREWEB PORTAL ARCHITECTURE

STANDARDSSTANDARDS Standardization is the process of getting people to agree Standardization is the process of getting people to agree

on acceptable technical solutions to common problems.on acceptable technical solutions to common problems.

» ISO (International Standard Organization)ISO (International Standard Organization)» FGDC ( Federal Geographic Data Committee)FGDC ( Federal Geographic Data Committee)» OGC (Open GIS Consortium)OGC (Open GIS Consortium)

NSDI does not only adopt ISO, FGDC and OGC NSDI does not only adopt ISO, FGDC and OGC standards but encompasses a broader range of standards but encompasses a broader range of standards including :standards including :

» HTTP(Hypertext Transportation Protocol), HTTP(Hypertext Transportation Protocol), » W3 (World Wide Web Consortium) Standards.W3 (World Wide Web Consortium) Standards.» SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol), SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol), » WSDL (Web Services Description Language) and WSDL (Web Services Description Language) and » UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and Integration)UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and Integration)

STANDARDS Cont…STANDARDS Cont…

Technical Committee 211 (ISO/TC 211) is responsible Technical Committee 211 (ISO/TC 211) is responsible for geospatial data, administration, information for geospatial data, administration, information management and geospatial services standards.management and geospatial services standards.

FGDC develops geospatial data standards for NSDI , FGDC develops geospatial data standards for NSDI , invites comments from all interested parties in drafting invites comments from all interested parties in drafting data standards.data standards.

OGC would agree on open interfaces for network OGC would agree on open interfaces for network interoperability of geospatial systems; it plays a big interoperability of geospatial systems; it plays a big role in the development of GIS technology.role in the development of GIS technology.

ISO Technical Committee (TC)

211

National Standards Institute (NSI)

Information Technology Standard Committee (ITSC)

ISO

Consortia andAcademia

Open Geospatial Consortium (OGS)

SOAPW3CHTTPWSDLGMLUDDI

NDSI Standards

ISO/TC 211 – Joint Advisory

Group (JAG)

NSDI STANDARDSNSDI STANDARDS

1.Hydrology:1.Hydrology:Lakes, River, Streams, Lakes, River, Streams, ChannelsChannels

2.Cadastral:2.Cadastral:

Parcel, Land use, ZoningParcel, Land use, Zoning

3.Transportation:3.Transportation:Roads, rails, Roads, rails,

4.Elevation:4.Elevation:

Contour lines, spot Contour lines, spot elevationelevation

5.Administrative 5.Administrative Boundaries:Boundaries:

Town ,County, State linesTown ,County, State lines

6.Geodetic Control 6.Geodetic Control Points:Points:

Reference pointsReference points

7.Orthoimagery:7.Orthoimagery: Referenced orhtophotos and Referenced orhtophotos and aerialsaerials

FRAMEWORK DATAFRAMEWORK DATA

DATA STANDARDSDATA STANDARDS

The purpose of spatial data standards is to facilitate data The purpose of spatial data standards is to facilitate data sharing and increase interoperability among automated sharing and increase interoperability among automated geospatial information systems. geospatial information systems.

– Data formats/typesData formats/types

– Data modelData model

– Data categoryData category

– Data quality ( how accurate, how consistent)Data quality ( how accurate, how consistent)

– Spatial Coordinate ReferenceSpatial Coordinate Reference

– Common featuresCommon features

– AttributesAttributes

– Relationships Relationships

METADATAMETADATA

Metadata is as important as data, because it tells you Metadata is as important as data, because it tells you about data and services and how to access to it. about data and services and how to access to it.

Describes data in at least 3 categories:Describes data in at least 3 categories:

– Criteria in how to find data by asking questions Criteria in how to find data by asking questions such as who, what, when and how.such as who, what, when and how.

– Criteria that will show the purpose of dataCriteria that will show the purpose of data

– Criteria in how to access dataCriteria in how to access data

Metadata will eliminate the duplication of spatial dataMetadata will eliminate the duplication of spatial data

Metadata will reduce the cost of data creation and timeMetadata will reduce the cost of data creation and time

Metadata will tell the current ness of dataMetadata will tell the current ness of data

METADATA STANDARTSMETADATA STANDARTS

DATA MODELSMetadata

CATALOG

MODELS

MAPS DATA SETS

• ISO 19115:2003 defines

The schema required for describing geographic information and services.

It provides information about

• The identification,

• The extent,

• The quality,

• Spatial reference,

• Distribution of digital geographic data.

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT with with

NSDI and GIS ApproachNSDI and GIS Approach

Because of its visual and spatial functionality, GIS Because of its visual and spatial functionality, GIS technology provides better and faster statistical analyses for technology provides better and faster statistical analyses for decision makers (emergency managers) decision makers (emergency managers)

HOW BIG is the hazard areaHOW BIG is the hazard area HOW MANY people live in the hazard zoneHOW MANY people live in the hazard zone WHICH facilities outside the hazard zone maybe used as WHICH facilities outside the hazard zone maybe used as

shelters?shelters? WHICH evacuation roads should displaced residents use?WHICH evacuation roads should displaced residents use? WHAT are the best roads the hospitals outside of the hazard WHAT are the best roads the hospitals outside of the hazard

zone?zone? WHERE are the areas and the buildings with the most WHERE are the areas and the buildings with the most

damage?damage? WHICH roads are damaged or blocked by debris?WHICH roads are damaged or blocked by debris?

NSDI & GIS Approach in Emergency ManagementNSDI & GIS Approach in Emergency Management

Newport-Inglewood fault, Located in the southwestern Los Angeles basin and capable of producing earthquakes in the range of 6.3 to 7.5 magnitude

In this scenario EM use NSDI approach to get layers , in common coordinate system, create maps and perform critical analyses

Earthquake with a magnitude of 5.4 – 6.9 will affect the area shown ( this area is referred to as the CRITICAL ZONE)

Modified Modified Mercali Mercali

RichterRichter

VIVI 5.45.4

VIIVII 6.16.1

VIIIVIII 6.56.5

IXIX 6.96.9

XX 7.37.3

XIXI 8.18.1

XIIXII >8.1>8.1

The CRITICAL ZONE is approximately 75 Km to the north, 75 Km to the south and 45 Km to the east

Population and number of households within the CRITICAL ZONE

12,311,763

Schools can be designated as Potential Shelters in the CRITICAL ZONE( Address location & Capacities)

SHELTER CAPACITY=?

Update information at site

Roads can be identified and traffic flow can be organized in CRITICAL ZONE.

Location Based Server (LBS) technology, SMS can be sent to mobile users to redirect them to designated shelters or hospital locations

SUMMARYSUMMARY With NSDI, social, economic and critical decisions will be With NSDI, social, economic and critical decisions will be

taken with the benefit of the best available spatial taken with the benefit of the best available spatial information. information.

With NSDI, Country will understand the necessary steps to With NSDI, Country will understand the necessary steps to create, access and share spatial data, create, access and share spatial data,

NSDI will make the user community aware of the NSDI will make the user community aware of the importance of spatial dataimportance of spatial data

NSDI will eliminate the duplication of spatial data that NSDI will eliminate the duplication of spatial data that will cut the cost and timewill cut the cost and time

NSDI will make spatial data accessible from a central NSDI will make spatial data accessible from a central portal and will make information readily accessibleportal and will make information readily accessible

Through NSDI, countries can become an integral partner Through NSDI, countries can become an integral partner in the world‘s GIS communityin the world‘s GIS community

Open to QuestionsOpen to Questions