cruz, kristiana louise e. thesis 1 (part 1, part 2, part 3 and related appendices)

8/10/2019 CRUZ, Kristiana Louise E. Thesis 1 (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3 and Related Appendices)

1/67

1

PROPOSED INTEGRATED MARINA CENTRAL OFFICE

AND TRAINING COMPLEX

A Thesis Presented to the

School of Architecture, Industrial Design & the Built Environment

Mapua Institute of Technology

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Architectural Design 9/ AR200/ AR200S

for the Degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE

Presented by

Cruz, Kristiana Louise E.

2010122514

Architect Junar Pakingan Tablan, uap, MSAE

Adviser

December 2014


2/67

2

TABLE OF CONTENTS_______________________________________________________________________________

Part I. The Problem and Its Background

Chapter I.1 General Overview

Introduction4

Background of the Study.4

Statement of the Problem..4

Project Goals, Objectives and Strategies5

Significance of the Study5

Scope and Limitation.5

Assumptions..5

Conceptual Framework6

Definitions of Terms.6

Acronyms6

Chapter I.2 Review of Related Literature and Studies

Related Literature..7

Related Studies/ Projects.10

Chapter I.3 Research Methodology

Research Design19

Population and Sampling..19

Research Instruments.20

Chapter I.4 Summary of Findings and Analysis

Presentation of Collected Data..20

Need Analysis..25

Qualitative or Quantitative Analysis.26

Chapter I.5 Conclusions and Recommendations...31

Part II. Research Focus

Chapter II.1 Rationale.32

Chapter II.2 Principles and Relevance to the Project.33

Chapter II.3 Application to the Project..34

Part III. Site Identification and Analysis

Chapter III.1 Site Selection Process

Criteria for Site Selection.34

Site Option Description.35

Site Selection and Justification.38


3/67

3

Chapter III.2 Site Evaluation and Analysis

The Macro Setting38

The Micro Setting..40

Related Laws and Ordinances.60


4/67

4

CHAPTER I.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW

I.1.1 Introduction

The Proposed integrated MARINA Central office and training complex aims to answer the

problems of the existing office in terms of space and design. The proposal also seeks to provide

the best strategic location of the new building so as to provide convenience to the people it willcater and also to a way to provide the adequate and improved training facilities.

I.1.2 Background of the Study

The Philippines holds the greatest number in terms of the population of overseas workers. The

overseas workers are classified into two: land-based and water-based.

According to the Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA), the Philippines is the

worlds main supplier of seamen since 1987, making the Philippines the manning capital of the

world. It is also cited that a figure of 280,000 students who graduates every year are products of

a maritime school which only shows the continuous production of the country for Filipino seafarers.It is also recorded that the current population of Filipino seafarers are around 400,00 wherein more

than half of them are working at sea at any time of the year.

The Maritime Industry Authority (Pangasiwaan ng Kalakalang Pandagat) or also abbreviated

as MARINA is a government office under the Department of Transportation and Communication

(DOTC). MARINA office has two branch wherein one is located in Cebu City and the other, which

is the main office, and will be the focus of this study, is located in Manila, Philippines. The existing

MARINA office leases five floors of Parkview Plaza building, a commercial building, located along

Kalaw Street, Manila. MARINA is responsible in producing legal documents and certificates of

Filipino seaman as well as to promote and regulate the maritime industry in the Philippines. Added

to the departments responsibility is the full authority of heading the marine deck and en gineer

licensure exams which is to be practiced from the start of September 2014. The department alsohas power in developing and regulating all trades and transactions at sea which also includes the

operation of vessels and management of shipping yards and lines.

I.1.3 Statement of the Problem

With the presented data above, it is a fact that the Philippine maritime industry needs a

more improved facility to properly cater the increasing population of the Filipino seafarers. The

research is conducted to address the following problems cited above.

As the research carry on, it is needed to specifically address the following questions:

1. Why is there a need to develop the proposal? How can the proposed new MARINA

building provide solutions being addressed on the study?

2. What are the architectural design considerations necessary in order to plan a facility or

structure for the users of the proposed building?

How can the architecture of the project provide ease for the beneficiaries?

3. What are the space requirements of the proposed building?

4. What are the existing conditions of MARINA that does not comply in the international

standards?

5. Where is the best site for the proposal?

6. How many people are being observed and catered in this study?


5/67

5

I.1.4 Project Goals, Objectives and Strategies

Goals

This research is to create and promote a structure mainly for the office dedicated for the

countrys maritime industry. It also seeks to create improved facilities and introduce innovations

mainly to enhance the experience of those who will be using the structure. The goal of this studyis to seek, determine and be able to point out the problems present in MARINA and to rectify

them accordingly through a thorough study and design of the spaces of the proposed new

MARINA Building and to be able to incorporate a green and sustainable design so as to be

inclined to the environment and as an advocacy as well.

Objectives

To study the spaces of the existing building and incorporate new and improved spaces.

- conduct a case study on the current MARINA building

To train and upgrade the country's maritime manpower resources through upgrading and

specialization of facilities

To assess the most appropriate site for the new structure

- conduct a survey about the most convenient site for the primary users

- conduct a case study in the possible sites of the new structure

To introduce new spaces and innovation for improved experience in the structure.

I.1.5 Significance of the Study

This study will be a significant endeavour that will provide a well-planned detail for the

improvement of the MARINA building that will aid not only the staff of the department but the

correspondingly the maritime community. Moreover, this study suggest empirical ideas on how to

implement effective architectural planning that would greatly help the department, specifically,

suggesting a more accessible and convenient planning to facilely regulate the flow of operation.

Furthermore, this study also highlights the concept that with the application of effective

architectural planning, the structure shall guarantee the proper security of the building and to the

market it serves.

I.1.6 Scope and Limitation

This study is limited to provide an improved architectural plan for a new MARINA building.

This includes the analysis for the best location of the building as well as the enhancement of the

buildings security and flow of people which can be answered through a strategic architecturalplanning. This study also aims and is limited to provide complete facilities that will enable the

office to function to its full extent specifically to its responsibility to provide service for the Filipino

seafarers and also to provide facilities that will help the department to make an additional

revenue.

I.1.7 Assumptions

The results of the study will confirm the need to develop the proposal. It will verify that the

structure will not only be beneficiary to the Filipino seafarers but also the government and the

Filipinos who are also into the maritime industry.Through intensive research, important data are

also expected to be learned by the researcher and provide a more realistic proposal.

This project will be of huge significance to the improvement of the flow of the processing of

papers of the seafarers. It will also provide the proper and necessary accommodation when they


6/67

6

wait for their papers to process. There shall be no more long and ridiculously overnight lines that

will be discussed later.

The project will not cause significant, negative changes in the vicinity; one of which is traffic

congestion. The project will not cause any major traffic congestion since, according to the

conducted survey, most of the target users do not have vehicles and therefore rely on publictransportation only, which shall be provided proper and adequate drop offs in the Site

Development Plan. The site is also away from intersections which are critical points to traffic

jams.

In brief, this project can greatly improve the wellness, self-esteem, education, skills, and

over all well-being of every Filipino seafarer.

I.1.8 Conceptual Framework

I.1.9 Definitions of TermsMaritimeof or relating to sailing on the sea or doing business (such as trading) at sea

Seafarers- A sailor, seaman, mariner, or seafarer is a person who navigates waterborne

vessels or assists as a crewmember in their operation and maintenance.

I.1.10 Acronyms

MARINAMaritime Industry Authority

DOTCDepartment of Transportation and Communication

POEAPhilippine Overseas Employment Administration

STCW- Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping

NMPNational Maritime Polytechnic

SOLASSafety of Life at SeaSOPStandard Operating Procedure


7/67

7

SIRBSeafarers Identification and Record Book

TUCPTrade Union Congress of the Philippines

CHAPTER I.2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

I.2.1 Related Literature

Marine deck and engine licensure exams to be headed by MARINA

Last March 2014, MARINA administrator, Dr. Maximo Q. Mejia Jr. confirmed that through

the approval of Republic Act No. 10635, the authority of conducting licensure exams for marine

deck and officers has been transferred from the Philippine Regulatory Commission (PRC) to the

office of MARINA. R.A. 10635 was signed and approved by Rep. Jesulito Manalo, Angkla party- list

representative, Senate President Franklin Drilon and President Benigno Aquino. It was stated in the

law that, all powers, duties and functions of PRC on examination, licensing and certification

system for marine deck and engine officers as provided in RA No. 8544, otherwise known as the

Philippine Merchant Marine Officers Act of 1998, shall henceforth be exercised by MARINA. The

implementing rules and regulations will be issued six months from the day of its implementation

which marks on September 2014. The act aims to establish MARINA as the single and only maritimegovernment office to practice its responsibility to its fullest extent.

COA requires MARINA to have its own building, as office rentals ballooned to P368M

The Commission on Audit questioned the rental fee of Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA)

as it ballooned to the amount of P368 million pesos from the start of its office since 1974 up to

March 2012.

MARINA is renting five floors of the former Masagana Superstore in Parkview building located

at Taft avenue. It started renting with only one floor in 1974 wherein the annual rental fee costs P

1.484 million with an imposed ten percent increase every year. Their office have to be relocated in

its current location due to the fire that hit MARINA in their former office in PPL wherein they spent

P93 million pesos for leasing from year 1974 to 2007. Since the incident happened, MARINA has

transferred and continued their work in the Parkview building where it also houses the Metropolitan

Trial Court, Savemore supermarket, a maritime training center, a lotto outlet, cellphone store,

bakery and a used clothing store.

Fig. 1Parkview building that

houses the MARINA office


8/67

8

The memorandum that was addressed to the MARINA Administrator reads that with the total

amount of money the department spends for renting, MARINA could already have a building of

their own.

Filipino seafarers leads the world marine community with 35-40% account

With a number of 400,000 Filipino seafarers deployed at sea, Philippines topped the chart as

the country with greatest number of seamen. The Filipino seafarers continually increases the money

that they sent home to the country which is estimated to be $2.501 billion. According to Trade

Union Congress of the Philippines (TUCP) secretary general and former Senator Ernesto Herrera,

Foreign employers find Filipino sailors quick learners, and easier to train compared to other

nationals. This may be due to their superior instruction here, apart from their ability to understand

English. This just shows that the Filipino seafarers are well-competitive in the industry and are

flexible kind of workers. This statement from Senator Herrera also shows that the maritime schools

and training centers are still in line in world-class standard of maritime training. With these number

gathered, it is in right term to provide world-class facilities as a vital element in the value formation

of world-class seafarers.

Filipino seafarersletter to the President

The Philippine maritime community raise

their voices on calling out President Benigno

Aquinos attention regarding the

incompetence of MARINA. The United Filipino

Seafarers (UFS) leads the complaint in behalf

of over 400,000 Filipino seaman who had

enough of the low quality facilities of MARINA

and as well as its management. One of the

things that they pointed out is the hardshipthey experience in getting certificates and

other legal documents which acquires at least

two days. With the great amount of money

that they bring to our country, these group of

hardworking men wants to receive the proper treatment even at least, in their applications and

issuance of certificates, which is currently a big ache into the heads of these seamen. According to

them, since the current MARINA President Dr. Max Mejia was placed into seat, the management

inside MARINA was worse than ever and can lead to the incompetence of the Filipino seaman when

at sea.

Fig. 2 - Ralliers infront of MARINA


9/67

9

MARINA being sued for long lines

Seeing a number of men sleeping outside a building along Taft Avenue is no longer a new

scenario to anyone who will be passing by the area, but this still remains an issue not just to the

people involved but to the government as well. These men shown in the picture are Filipino

seafarers who are applying for COP, an essential document for every seafarer. In order to avoid

the greater volume of people for the next day, these men sacrificed sleeping outside the MARINA

office as early as 7 pm to be able to get first in line the next day 7 am as the office opens. Most of

them are living outside Metro Manila, some as far as Cotabato City, but has to come to the office

to process their papers in order to work at sea.

Remittances from Filipino seamen to hit $5.5B

TUCP gave a new statistics showing the increase in the amount of remittance being brought

to our country by Filipino seafarers aboard foreign vessels. From the previous $2.746 billion, the

remittances showed up to be 8.84 percent higher than last year, expecting it to hit $5.5B until the

end of 2014. Remittances from Filipino seafarers increased twice compared to the land based

Filipino workers abroad. From January to June, Filipino seafarers sent home $223 million more

than last year and the growth was due to boost in hiring, TUCP said in a statement. TUCP statedthat most of the Filipino sailors were deployed to the United Kingdom, Germany, Norway, Greece,

and the Netherlands. Some of the increase may also be attributed to rising inflation here at home,prompting sailors to send more money to their families to enable them to cope with the surge in

food and other consumer prices, TUCP noted.The top 10 sources of remittances from Filipino sailors in the first semester of 2014 are as

follows: the United States ($1.326 billion); the United Kingdom ($237.583 million); Germany

($194.844 million); Norway ($183.529 million); Japan ($149.295 million); Greece ($141.452 million);

Hong Kong ($123.084 million); Singapore ($110.194 million); The Netherlands ($45.726 million);

and Italy ($23.511)

Fig. 3Filipino seafarers sleeping outside MARINA


10/67

10

I.2.2 Related Studies/ Projects

Local

Far East Maritime Foundation, Inc.

The Far East Maritime Foundation, Inc. was established in year 1992 with its goal to provide

high standard training and facilities as an aid in the formation of world-class seafarers. The

company started with one room to start providing maritime training services which later onexpands south through its first branch in Cebu, making it the first training center in the countrys

south.

Far East in one of the pioneer maritime training centers in the Philippines which has two

locations, one in Manila and the other in Cavite City. Their training center in Manila focuses more

on lectures and indoor training sessions such as simulation and first aid training. It also includes

lecture rooms and their main office. On the other hand, Far East Cavite branch provides training

facilities for SOLAS training (Safety of life at sea training) which is more on outdoor activities.

Their Cavite branch happens to be located near the sea which made way for the company to

expand their training program. Far East Maritime Foundation, Inc. acquired ISO 9002 certification

from BVQI in year 1999 and was given a re-accreditation in year 2001. It also has its promotion

in years 2003 and 2008.

Fig. 4 - Simulation Room


11/67

11

Far East offers outdoor trainings wherein students, mostly maritime students and seafarers, are asked

to do SOPs when in water. A swimming pool, which is a more controlled and safe training facility than an

open sea training, is built together with other training equipment. This kind of training is called as SOLAS

which is undertaken by anyone in the maritime industry in an interval of five years.

However, most trainings are still being conducted in a closed and indoor facility like that

of a classroom. Providing the trainees with a lecture room that is conducive to learning can give

them more eagerness to do trainings since they are undergoing numerous trainings before and

after working at sea.

Fig. 5 - Outdoor pool

Fig. 6 - Lecture rooms


12/67

12

National Maritime Polytechnic

Through the virtue of Presidential Decree No. 1369, the NMP was established on May 1,

1978, to answer the countrys need for a maritime training center. It had its biggest expansion in

1980 upon owning a 17-hectare lot in Cabalawan, Tacloban City. The NMP is placed under the

Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) due to the power of executive order no. 126. NMPPhase One consists of the Administration, Training and Generator buildings where the donated

simulator equipment and references are located. Some of the courses offered under NPM are the

following: PSCRB (Proficiency in Survival Craft and Rescue Boat other than Fast Rescue Boat),

MARPOL Annex 1 and 2, PADAMS (Prevention of Alcohol and Drug Abuse in the Maritime Sector),

PSSR (Personal Safety and Social Responsibility), and SHAPIMS (STD,/HIV/AIDS Prevention in the

Maritime Sector).

Fig. 8 - NMP Training Building

Fig. 7 - NMP Administration Building


13/67

13

This is a closer picture of NMPs entrance wherein the first building to be seen is

the agencys administration building. Most of the spaces in this building are the offices wherein

documents and certificates are being processed. NMP is a closed community wherein the

buildings are divided from the offices, training complex, and maritime institute.

National Maritime Polytechnic has a wide range of responsibilities when it comesto the Philippines maritime industry. The agency is divided into three major tasks: assessment,

training and research. In order to make a full work potential, the agency was put into a closed

and controlled community wherein buildings are divided according to its task which makes it

convenient to both employees and clients. NMP is the only government agency that provides

complete maritime training facility including open sea trainings. The agency is in cooperation with

TESDA, PRC and MARINA-STCW Office, the same agencies that is related to MARINA. According

to NMP, a branch of the office was establish in Manila in order to give convenience to the Filipino

seafarers who would like to be catered by their agency however, their office in Manila provides a

limited facility compared to their main office in Cabalawan, Tacloban City.

Fig. 9Along Maharlika Highway

Fig. 10NMP Administration building facade


14/67

14

All seafarers gets a chance to be inside a simulator room. The simulator room isa resemblance of a ships control and navigation room wherein most of the tracking devices,

direction preferences, ships status and other navigation equipment are placed. In this training,

seafarers are trained on how to navigate the ship even under circumstances and to teach them

how to operate the equipment in the room. Flat screen televisions are placed around the wall of

the simulator room where it shows a scenario like that in the sea. This interactive scenes are

being controlled by the training instructors to test the seafarers.

Fig. 11NMP Simulator room

Fig. 12Seafarers undergoing training in the simulator room


15/67

15

As shown in figure 12, NMP is located near the San Juanico bridge which is a

main and famous transport mode in Tacloban City. This just shows on how convenient andaccessible is NMP especially for the clients who are only new to the area. The open sea training in

NMP is done in San Pedro and San Pablo Bay which is extends until Marabut, Tacloban City. Open

sea trainings such as open fast rescue boat training are done every five years for every seafarers.

Fig. 13Open sea training at NMP

Fig. 14Training Facility of NMP


16/67

16

Foreign

Singapore Maritime AcademySingapore Polytechnic

The Machinery room shows a resemblance of a ships engine and machinery room. Through

this, students and trainees will be able to be more familiarize to the different equipment, making

them more competitive in doing their work at sea.

Maritime industry also includes maritime engineering wherein most of the people in this field

are in charge of the ship engines maintenance, navigation and upgrading.

Fig. 15 - Engineering

Workshop room

Fig. 16 - Machinery

Simulator room


17/67

17

The Singapore Maritime Academy was established in 2000 as the product of the merging of

Maritime Technology and Transportation Department of the Singapore Polytechnic and the

National Maritime Academy (NMA) of MPA. It is mainly concerned on the maritime industrys key

areas in navigation, marine transportation and marine engineering. SMA offers advanced facilities

and spaces to comply with the courses they offer to the people. This makes SMA as the pioneer

in offering maritime services in Singapore. Some of the facilities created in the SMA building are

the Engineering workshop room, machinery simulator room, marine workshop room,

Thermodynamics laboratory, Full bridge simulator room which are all of world-class standard and

are not being offered in all training centers.

Fig. 17 - Marine workshop

room

Fig. 18Simulator room


18/67

18

The function and work of Singapore Maritime Academy or Singapore Polytechnic is somehow

similar to the National Maritime Polytechnic of the Philippines. They are also in-charge in

assessing, research and training their countrymen who are in the maritime industry.

Australian Maritime Safety Authority, Canberra

The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) was established in 1990, and governs and

oversees the shipping fleet and management of Australians international maritime obligations,

these obligations may are providing operation and maintenance as navigation aids. It also

ensures safe operation of vessels on Australian territory. Part of its obligations too is to

administer certification of seafarers and provide maritime distress and safety communications

network. Some of its other functions are rescue operations and other functions that are legislative

in nature. In summary, functions of the AMSA are both field operational and office-based in

nature.

Fig. 20 - AMSA Building Facade

Fig. 19Maritime Gallery


19/67

19

These offices require equipment that aid marines in navigation and guiding cruising ships.

Also, part of the functions are for the registry of seafarers; spaces that are adequate for the

accommodation of seafarers that are to register must also be considered. On the other hand, the

other function of the AMSA can be dismissed; as a field operational station, for the main function

of the proposal in this study are for office-based functions in nature only.

However, AMSA is more dedicated in the maritime safety which adds another department in

their office, the search and rescue department. Equipment in this office are provided to full

monitor seafarers state while at sea as well the ships. In the recent MH370 loss, AMSA was one

of the offices that cooperated in tracking the lost plane.

CHAPTER I.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

I.3.1 Research Design

This study is designed to provide a representation of feedback of the concerned individuals to

support the proposition for need of the study.

A combination of methods to derive a credible and authentic result was used by the researcher

for this study. These methods are survey, case study, interview and research of facts and figures.

Random sampling was applied in most of the method one of which is for the method of survey.The researcher picked 50 respondents as a representation of the entire population of the concerned

individuals with the same variable that is their involvement in the Philippine maritime industry.

Moreover, the researcher also conducted a case study as a strong support to the first method

that was used, which presents empirical evidenced such as photo documentation. This method

made the researcher familiar with the spaces that is present in the current MARINA building.

I.3.2 Population Sampling

The target population of this research includes seafarers, maritime students and graduates,

MARINA employees, maritime training center owner and employees and maritime manning agency

owner and employees. Listed below are the groupings of the individuals and the number of

respondents for each group.

Fig. 21AMSA Search and Rescue Office


20/67

20

Table 1

Respondents grouping and population

1 Seafarers 36

2 Maritime Students / Graduates 163 MARINA Government Employees 44 Maritime Training Center Owner / Employees 3

5 Maritime Manning Agency Owner / Employees 3

TOTAL 62

I.3.3 Research Instruments

The researcher used a questionnaire that is divided into three parts for three different types

of market. The first part contained questions that are only intended to be answered by seafarers,

maritime students, graduates and others who works at sea. The questions dedicated for the first

type of market are made to know their experience as a client of the MARINA office, and to know

how the architecture of the building affects the process that they undergo every time they visit theoffice. The second part of the questionnaire intends to find out the planning of training centers

based on the employees and owners feedback regarding its spaces. Since the proposed new

MARINA building will allot leasable spaces for training centers, the researcher had to know the

standard spaces that are needed for a properly planned training center. The last part of the

questionnaire is made to know the working experience of the MARINA employees in its current

building. As the main users of the building, it is of much importance to know which departments

are lacking proper spaces and planning which can highly effect the work performance of ther

MARINA employees.

The questionnaire was executed in two ways, the face-to-face survey and an online survey.

Out of the two ways of how the survey was given, a greater number of response were collected

from the face-to-face survey. It is due to a greater market present in a single setting that a greaternumber of data was collected rather than a selected market through the online survey.

Apart from the questionnaire, a site visit was also conducted by the researcher. In the said

visit, the researcher personally see the spaces of the current building and made an assessment on

each in line with the proper planning of spaces. Pictures were gathered as a proof of the existing

conditions of the MARINA building which is vital in further assessments and process of this study.

CHAPTER I.4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS

I.4.1 Presentation of Collected Data

Google.com


21/67

21

Fig. 22Masagana Superstore

The figure above shows the old function of the Parkview building as a supermarket which

was called the Masagana Superstore. This shows that the building was designed for commercial

purposes that is not in line with its current use as the MARINA office. Presently, MARINA is

renting the building with a monthly rental of PHP 3.50 million.

Case Study

Located along Taft avenue corner Kalaw St., Manila is the Parkview building, a commercial

building wherein one of its tenant is the agency of MARINA. Far from its previous use, the Parkview

building now houses the Metropolitan Trial Court, a supermarket, fast food chain and commercial

stalls. Those listed are the facilities and offices that seizes the office of MARINA therefore, like theother tenants, limit its full potential for being an ideal working space.

Fire exits are located on this side of the building which is not in compliance to the present

standards indicated in the Fire Code of the Philippines. Utilities and other hazardous equipment

must also be located away from the fire exits.

Fig. 23Faade of MARINA bldg.

Fig. 24Along Kalaw Street


22/67

22

Figure 15 shows the congestion that happens every

day in front of the MARINA office. People who wants

to enter the premises would fall in line for bag

inspection which results to congestion that reaches

the outdoor part of the office. Outside of the office

are also full of people who stands while waiting orsmoking under the provided shed of the building,

another cause of congestion. The main door which is

the one on the left side in the picture, is not enough

for the volume of people that enters the office. This

also goes the same for the main egress of the office

which is right beside the main entrance. These two

doors are the only entry and exit points provided for

the public to use.

Another view of the main entrance and exitPoint of MARINA is shown in Figure 16. This

is taken from the inside part of the office.

However, another exit and entry point is

located on the right side of the lobby which

based on the researchers observation is a

space provided for commercial stalls that also

has a different entry point that is accessible

to the public. Based on the researchers

observation, the placement of this entry/exit

point adds to the congestion and security

problems of the office.

On this part of the building, different diagrams and notices are being posted and placed which

implies that this area is the information area of the building. Due to improper placement and lack

of planning, this area also tends to produce congestion that starts to block the way of those who

transports from the third to the fourth floor as the stairways are located just beside the information

area.

Fig. 25Main entrance of MARINA

Fig. 26Lobby of MARINA

Fig. 27Third floor of MARINA building


23/67

23

This image above is a photo taken inside the MARINAs

Human Resource Department office. This shows a low

headroom clearance that is also present in the other areas

of the building. Low headroom clearances can produce

accidents which can result for the users of those area to

be hurt.

Figure 19 shows an image of the researcher while

using one of the escalator that is present

In the office, with the large volume of people that visits

the office and uses the escalator and stairs to transport

from one floor to another, the researcher find these

stairways to be insufficient therefore leads to congestion

and, if ever, serious accidents in case of fire and other

emergencies.

The figure above shows the diagram made based from the researchers observation.In order

to access the fire exits, one must first enter a big room that has been divided into the

administrations offices. This type of planning is restricted under the NBC which indicates that fire

exits must be of full access to the public and must not be inside another room. It is also in this floor

that almost all of the important offices are located which means that it is where most of the regular

Fig. 30Fourth floor diagram

Fig. 28Inside the

Administration Department

Fig. 29Escalators in

MARINA office


24/67

24

employees and regular users of the office is working. A fourth floor provision for administration

office, regarding that these people are the ones who used the building the most, is improper.

Manpower Development office is located at the 5th floor of the current MARINA building.

According to MARINA, this department receives the highest number of people that they cater on a

daily basis. They were also planning to relocate this department to give way for the new authority

that was given to them by PRC/TESDA. The figure above shows the great volume of seafarers who

are waiting and processing their papers to complete their SIRB. SIRB or Seamans Book contains

the record of all the professional experiences and accreditation of every seaman.

The Administrators office is located on the 4thfloor of the current MARINA office. This is where

the administrator, Dr. Maximo Q. Mejia Jr, took his office. As shown in the figure, the division of

tables and offices are only done by placing cabinets and tables because the office has an open type

of plan, which is ideal for commercial purposes. The placement of exhaust fans inside the office

only proves the lack of adequate ventilation in the area.

Fig. 31Manpower Development Office

Fig. 32Administrators Office


25/67

25

This image is taken in another department of

inside MARINA. Due to the high volume of

clients that they serve, and the lack of space,

clearances for proper seating are being

sacrificed, which can add to the agony of thepeople sitting and waiting for hours.

Shows the lack of chairs versus the

number of the people being catered.

The flooring of this office is also

unfinished and is not suitable for an

office space that caters a large volume

of people.

I.4.2 Need Analysis

Through the data gathered by the researcher, a need analysis was produced. From the

different methods performed, the researcher has determined all of the problems regarding space

adjacencies, physical attributes, and insufficiency and lack of other necessary spaces and facilities.

As a result, the data indicates the researcher to focus on the following matters:

- Since the root of all the problems in the process of papers is the incorrect adjacencies

of the offices inside the existing MARINA, there is a need to rearrange the offices in

the proposal so as to give way to a smooth flow of the processing of papers

- Included in the survey below is the response of the respondent seafarers that they

would very much like to have a training facility already inside the MARINA building,

and so there is a need to include new facilities that can be used for training purposes.

- Also, as discussed in the related study and the survey, processing of the documents

can take overnight with the number of seafarers that come by every day, and that

most of these seafarers are from provinces not from Metro Manila, that is why there is

a need to include affordable accommodation facilities should there be a need to stay

longer.

Fig. 33Waiting Area

Fig. 34Located at 5thfloor of MARINA


26/67

26

- As a response to the current environmental issues, there is also a need to design the

building inclined to the environment and sustainability through concepts and methods

in green architecture.

I.4.3 Qualitative or Quantitative Analysis

The purpose of this study is to provide a new building for the MARINA office that complies

with the global standards and presents a better way of serving the people. The following charts

depict the data gathered based from the survey provided by the researcher.

Fig. 35 - Age

Fig. 36- Gender

35%

38%

19%

4% 4%

RESPONDENT'S AGE

15-20 y.o 21-30 y.o 31-40 y.o 41-50 y.o 51-60 y.o

96%

4%

GENDER

Male Female


27/67

27

Fig. 37- Address

The respondents age are divided into five age brackets wherein majority of them ages 21-30

years old followed by 15-20 years old and a very high percentage of male respondents wherein

most of are living within Metro Manila.

Fig. 38 - Respondents rating

Based from their experiences in visiting the current MARINA building, the respondents were

able to give a rating on the following criteria. The criteria given were a way to know how well the

MARINA office was able to provide the proper security, comfort, spaces and facilities to the people

they are serving.

As shown from the data above, it is very clear to that the respondents have a high rating forthe security inside the MARINA office. This indicates that they are comfortably safe while inside the

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

RATINGS FOR THE CURRENT MARINA BUILDING

Air Ventilation Adjacency of Spaces Parking Space

Security Organization of lines Enoguh entry/exit points

Maintenance of facilities

61%

39%

RESPONDENT'S ADDRESS

Living w/in Metro Manila Living outside Metro Manila


28/67

28

office. Second highest rating was the organization of lines wherein the respondents were asked if

they find are satisfied on how the MARINA handles the long lines in the processing of the

respondents concerns. Maintenance of facilities was third in rank with the highest rating, the

respondents were asked on this part if they see all facilities in its good working condition as they

visit the office. It is followed by the criteria for enough provision of entry and exit points, this criteria

was asked to know if there are any congestions in the entry and exit points of the office which canlead into serious problems. On the other hand, out of the seven criteria, three of which are given

a rating that is below fifty percent. These are adjacency of spaces wherein the respondents were

asked if they see a reasonable placement of offices as a person who processes papers which

includes going to different offices. Second least and also below fifty percent is air ventilation,

respondents were asked if they feel comfortable while inside the office or if they find it too hot

which is not good in serving clients. Lastly, rating below thirty percent is the parking space, wherein

respondents were asked if they find enough parking spaces provided by the MARINA office and if

it is well-secured.

Fig. 39Hours the respondents consume while at the office

Majority of the respondents say that during their visit in the MARINA office, they were able

to consume less than six hours inside the office while waiting or reporting for any update on their

concerns. Forty percent of the respondents somehow says that they are able to consume atleast

six to twelve hours as they visit the office which is already quite a long time. However, some

respondents told the researchers that there are times wherein they experience to wait more than

a day before all their concerns are properly processed.

5%0%

40%55%

During your visit,

how many hours do you stay at the office?

More than 24 hours 12-24 hours 6-12 hours Less than 6 hours


29/67

29

Fig. 40Pulse on the most comfortable place to wait

A large percentage of the respondents seems to agree that as they wait, they usually or

would glad to stay at the offices waiting lobby so that they would also be able to know if their

names are already being called for the next step of processing. There is a tie between

canteen/food stores and parking/outdoor areas as the place where the respondents would like to

wait while they are being catered by the office. Least place for the respondents to stay at while

waiting showed to be along the corridors wherein according to them, they find it improper as it

cause congestion in any area of the office.

Fig. 41 - Provision of training facilities

It would be very vital in this study to know whether seafarers and everyone that is in the

maritime industry will be interested of applying for trainings if there will be proper training facilities

in the proposed new MARINA center. Based from the data above, majority of the respondents are

willing to shift and undergo training programs in a structure that will design the proper types of

facilities.

63%14%

14%

9%

While waiting,

Where do you like/ or usually stay?

Waiting Lobby Canteen/ Food Stores

Parking Area/ Outdoor areas Along the corridors

67%

33%

If training facilities will be provided in thenew MARINA center, will you avail their

training programs?

Yes No


30/67

30

Fig. 42 - Seafarers pulse on training under MARINA

Similar in fig. 28 , the respondents also showed a high rate that they agree if there would be

training centers located in the proposed MARINA office as most of them want a one-stop building

for all their training matters. They showed a positive feedback in being a possible market for the

training centers that will be leasing in the proposed MARINA office.

Fig. 43 - Seafarers pulse on training

As some respondents are not interested for in registering, showed above are the reasons for

their response wherein most say that if training centers will be leasing under the MARINA office,

it would be of high possibility that prices for enrolling in training programs will increase. However,

it also showed that they see a limited facility in the current MARINA office that is why they would

prefer to enrol to the training centers that are well-equipped in giving trainings and seminars.

64%

36%

Will you undergo training programs in the

training centers located inside the MARINA

office?

Yes No

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Category 1

If no, then why?

Affordability/ Price Location/Convenience

Incomplete/ limited facilities Few training centers to choose from


31/67

31

CHAPTER I.5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1.5.1 Conclusions

With the basis of the findings and data gathered above, the following conclusions

were derived:

1.5.1.1 based on the analysis and data collected from the previous chapters, there is a need for

creating the proposal due to the following reasons:

1.5.1.1.1 The ballooning amount of MARINAs leasing fee for its office space shows the

practicality and the high need of the department to have its own office building that is dully

designed to fit office works and properly serve its clients.

1.5.1.1.2 Most of the clients of MARINA are seafarers who travels to different places in order to

complete their trainings and certificates, the clients however would like to have a structure that

could provide a complete training facility for them that would also be near to the main office of

MARINA.

1.5.1.1.3 Since MARINA is only leasing a part of an old department store, therefore is onlysuitable for commercial purposes and not for office use that the department needs.

1.5.1.1.4 With the new authority given to MARINA, in facilitating licensure exams, it is therefore

greatly needed to produce examination rooms under MARINA in order to execute their authority

properly.

1.5.1.1.5 Since, Philippines ranks first as the country with the highest number of seafarers that is

being deployed throughout the globe, provision and support of the government for proper

facilities and services must be improved and must also comply the international standards.

1.5.1.1.6 The inclusion of training facilities and leasable spaces for manning agencies will be

beneficial to both MARINA and its clients.

1.5.1.2 In general, there is no architectural provision that functions correctly as a department of

the government that shall serve the marine sector of the Philippines.

1.5.1.3 A stacking design in a government office is not advisable since most of the people are

processing papers requiring them to transfer to different rooms.

1.5.2 Recommendations

Based on all the data gathered and conclusions given, is highly recommended that

there be a major replanning and rearranging of the spaces inside the existing MARINA according

to its function. Also, it is recommended that each office be studied individually. The behavioural

analyses of each office involved in processing papers are of course different from each other, and

therefore require different sets and sizes of spaces. A study on the internal circulation of each office

is recommended aside from studying the correct sequence of these offices that would offer a much

smoother flow in terms of paper processing.

Also, backed up by the survey, it is recommended that there be an accommodation

facility for the target users/seafarers and so a capsule hotel is proposed. As another

recommendation, there are other facilities that offer the same function as a capsule hotel does It

is recommended by the researcher that these be studied and compared with the capsule hotel so

as to determine which would be more ideal in terms of cost and practicality.

There are also other methods in determining the spaces required other than a survey

and a case study. An interview with a person highly familiar with the system, organizational chart,

and circulation of the spaces would be greatly ideal but since due to time constraint of therequirements of setting an interview with the head of MARINA, the researcher was not able to


32/67

32

conduct an interview. And so it is recommended by the researcher that requests such as these be

submitted prior, by months, so that these requests can be duly noted and processed by the proper

personnel leading to a successful interview.

Part II. RESEARCH FOCUS

Chapter II.1 RATIONALE

The Earth Summit and the Kyoto Protocol are conferences held by the United Nations on 1992

and 1997 respectively. These are all environmental awareness regarding climate change and the

growing scarcity of potable water. Countries like Canada, USA, Japan, Philippines, and many more

have signed and agreed to comply with the advocacy of these programs. Canada, USA, Japan, and

even Singapore now design most of their buildings with a more sustainably inclined design, only

the Philippines is the country left that does not comply with their signed treaty or agreement since

1992. Sooner or later, the Philippines will be required to design its buildings accordingly; towards

a Green, Sustainable Design.

On the other hand, MARINA 2016: A premiere maritime administration in Southeast Asia

propelling the Philippine maritime industry to global competitiveness. This statement serves as thevision of Maritime Industry Authority as published in their official website. It clearly states how

MARINA would likely to be in 2016 and also shows the improvements needed in the department to

fully accomplish their set mission. There are three descriptive words in their mission statement that

gives a glimpse of what the department wants namely, premiere, propelling and global

competitiveness. This three terms just shows that the department wants a boost in their system

and office.

It is therefore properly timed to produce MARINA their own structure that will improve the

working potential of the department and to accommodate the future authorities it shall serve.

MARINA located in Kalaw St. Manila serves as the main office which indicated the high rates of

clients it serves on a daily basis and the complex tasks it executes being the head of all MARINA,

the only government sector that certifies, accredits, awards and licences all that is under thePhilippines maritime industry. Aside from the proposed MARINA central office, additional spaces

and facilities will be added to the site which is in response to the mission held by the agency. These

spaces and facilities for maritime training will be leasable to any accredited manning agency or

training center, which can give them and their clients a more convenient, complete and accessible

training place.

As a last point, referring to Fig 23, 61% of the respondents are not from Manila, and so they

visit MARINA only either for applications or renewals. These people travel from provinces and it

cannot be denied that not everyone can be accommodated every day for processing of papers. Asa result, these people sleep at the door step of the Masagana Building itself, open to all kinds of

Fig. 44Seafarers sleeping in the parking area of MARINA


33/67

33

crime and sickness. And so, a small Capsule Hotel will be proposed along with the proposed new

office of MARINA.

Chapter II.2 PRINCIPLES AND RELEVANCE TO THE PROJECT

According to Arch. Ken Yeang, Sustainability has many principles or strategies for a

green building. Some of these are eco-mimicry, seamless + benign bio-integration, green

certification, bio-simulation, urban biosphere reservation, retrofitting, and many more. Green

certification for example, is a program held by green advocates such as the Building for Ecologically

Responsive Design Excellence (BERDE). BERDE has guidelines for materials and building systems

and accredits a building if it is worthy of a green certification or not. It is checked annually if the

building still complies with the requirements and in failing so will cause the withdrawal of the green

certification.

Another principle would be retrofitting. It is the act of incorporating new, either simple or

sophisticated, technologies or systems into an existing, and at times, old buildings. Retrofitting

came about from environment awareness; the need for sustainable green structures in hopes of

countering the inevitable future of overloaded brownlands and lack of certain supplies. As an

example, retrofitting a structure can renew its water utilities, recycling grey water for a repeated

consumption, saving liters of potable water in the process. Yet, doing so would either nullify the

use of the already existing pipe lines of the structure, or would require the installation of complex

piping and addition of tanks or cisterns, or both. Obviously, it would be costly, but it is an investment

for the betterment of the environment and for the users of the structure. As the common advocacy

of green advocates go The greenest building is the one already built it would be much ideal to

retrofit the old building in Kalaw but since it is proven that there is a need to build a new facility,

the priorities must be weighed and so there is a more dire need to build a new facility than to

retrofit the old building in Kalaw, as justified before with supporting data.

Going back to MARINA matters, The Philippines is titled to be the first in line when

it comes to maritime manpower. Based from the data, 40 % of seafarers came from the Philippines,

giving the country 5.5 billion dollars of remittance, a strong proof that the maritime industry is

hands a big help in our economy. In response to it, this proposal seeks to find ways to improve the

Philippines standing in the maritime industry and our fellow countrymen who are our front liners

in the industry. The idea for this proposal is to produce a central office for The Maritime Industry

Authority and introduce an improved and global standard of training facility for the Filipino

seafarers. The main focus for the central office is to provide a systematic and scientific adjacency

of spaces as well as the enhancement of main public areas. As the agency operates at least 10

hours a day and five times a week, incorporating sustainable designs.

Moving on, capsule hotels as seen in Figure45 originated in Japan in 1979 by Arch.

Kisho Kurokawa, according to gizmag.com.

These are usually two stacks of capsules

that are usually 1.00 x 2.00 x 1.25 meters

in dimension. Capsule hotels are solely for

sleeping only, other facilities such as

toiletries and locker rooms are common and

are separate. Since most hotels offer rates

based on square meter, quality, and

amenities, a capsule hotel would be much

more ideal for a sleeping quarter in theproposed new MARINA building.Fig. 45A capsule hotel in Osaka, Japan


34/67

34

Chapter II.3 APPLICATION TO THE PROJECT

As mentioned before, a green and sustainable design would sooner be a must here

in the Philippines, and so the project will adhere to the advocacy of green architecture. Since the

project is majorly a government office, it operates mostly at daytime and therefore shall be planned

accordingly so as to maximize daylight while not compromising circulation. The project shall be so

oriented with proper orientation to the sun path and prevailing winds to maximize natural energiesand forces. The project will also include the recycling of grey water since it is an office used by

thousands of people per day, doing so can save hundreds of liters of potable water from sanitation

purposes alone.

Also, since the main issue here is the overall system that is brought about by

inadvertent planning of the current office, another research focus would be a thorough study and

plan of the office spaces that can lead to a better system and flow of the users.

Lastly would be the incorporation of the capsule hotels in the proposal for the

seafarers especially those who are from provinces. A capsule hotel would be ideal since its only

function is for sleeping and resting purposes and no other. It would be cheaper than renting any

hotels in the vicinity.

Part III. SITE IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS

Chapter III.1 SITE SELECTION PROCESS

Criteria for Site Selection

Site Selection is a critical aspect to be well thought-out when planning a

development for a government agency in view of the fact that it can greatly impact and affect its

users as well as the development itself.

Due to unavailability of established site selection criteria, the following are site

criteria based on the case studies conducted:

- The site should be near the capital city, Manila

- The site should be accessible to major roads

- The site should be easily accessed by public transportations

- The site should be owned by MARINA or by the Philippine government

- The site should be large enough to accommodate horizontal expansions

- The site should be relatively flat

- The site should be near a transport terminal that transports people from provinces to

the Manila


35/67

35

Site Option Description

Site option no.1 is being bounded by the Manila Film Center on the north, Manila

bay on the west, J.W. Diokno Blvd on the east and a few vacant lots on its southern part. The lot

is named under the Republic of the Philippines and is considered to be vacant.

Strengths:

- The site has a total area of 10 hectares, making it a good option for horizontal

development and expansion

- The sites adjacency to the sea can be used to expand and improve the training

facilities that will be developed in the proposal

- The site is near Manila and the location of previous office of MARINA

Weakeness:

- The site is quite far from Roxas Blvd., which is a known major road near the site

- There are no public vehicles that travels along the stretch of the site

Opportunities:

- The distance of the site from commercial developments is quite far, which can give

an opportunity for commercial spaces for the users convenience

- The proposed structure being located on the site can increase the number of people

who goes to the area, which can make the area bring back its life

-

Threats:

- The site is beside an abandoned building where dogs are put to guard it this makes it

dangerous for the people who will be staying near it

- The site is considered as a coastal area; high susceptibility in flooding

Fig. 46Site option no.1


36/67

36

Site option no.2 is bounded by four different roads in all of its side. The lot is

owned by the government, vacant and is located in Pasay City.

Strengths:

- The site is connected to roads which makes it accessible

- The site is adjacent to a Diosdado Macapagal Blvd., which is considered as a majorroad

- The site is near other government offices like Department of Foreign Affairs and GSIS

- Public vehicles travel along the roads that bounds the site, making it convenient for

commuting clients and employees

- The site is relatively flat which is ideal for offices

- The site is near a commercial complex with transport terminal

- The site is a regular shape which gives a more convenient planning and division of

spaces


Weakness:

- The sites future could only expand vertically due to small lot size

Opportunities:

- The proposal can introduce cheaper quarters for the clients who are living outside

Metro Manila since the nearby hotels are expensive

- Families or even the clients themselves, can use the adjacency of the site to SM Mall

of Asia while waiting for their concerns to be catered by the office

Threats:

- The site is still a part of a reclaimed land



37/67

37

Site option no.3 is bounded by three major roads in Pasay City namely EDSA

Extension on the north side, Roxas Boulevard on its eastern part and Disodado Macapagal

Boulevard on its west.

Strengths:

- The site is connected to roads which makes it accessible

- The site is near other government offices like Department of Foreign Affairs,

- Public vehicles travel along the roads that bounds the site, making it convenient for

commuting clients and employees

- The site is relatively flat which is ideal for offices

- The site is near a commercial complex with transport terminal

- The site is at least 5 hectares in land area


Weakness:

- The site is not owned by the government

- The acquisition of the site is expensive

Opportunities:

- The proposal can introduce cheaper quarters for the clients who are living outside

Metro Manila since the nearby hotels are expensive

Threats:

- There is too much vehicular and foot traffic surrounding the site

- The site is adjacent to a small channel of water which makes it susceptible to

flooding



38/67

38

Site Selection and Justification

Site no.2 is selected as the most ideal site for the proposal because of the strong

and numerous advantages that it can offer for the proposal. Despite its weakness and threats

which is considered to be minimal compared to the two other site option, the its strengths and

offered opportunities overpowered it.

Chapter III.2 SITE EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS

The Macro Setting

Introduction to Site

The City of Pasay, which is

coined as the Travel City is the third smallest

political city in the National Capital Region and

fourth for the whole country. It is bordered by

the City of Manila to the North, Makati and

Taguig City to the northeast, Paranaque to theSouth and Manila Bay to the western part.

Despite of the city being one of the smallest

political city, Pasay City shows a quick

improvement in being an urban city.

The City is known for the Bay

City wherein a part of the Manila Bay was

reclaimed. There are also a number of

attractions and historical landmarks in the city

that makes it as one of the city to go to for

tourists.

Fig. 49Location Map of Pasay City


39/67

39

Economy

After four decades of rapid urbanization, Pasay City is now transformed as one of

the important sector in the urban center. The city houses the headquarters of most of the leading

airlines and the main airport terminal of the country. There are also government offices that

resides in city namely Department of Foreign Affairs, Senate of the Philippines, Department of

Trade and Industry and other public agencies. Through the relatively flat terrain and strategiclocation, the city has the capacity to absorb a large population and intense commercial

enterprises. A feature that could work along with the expansion of the city through the

reclamation of lands along Manila Bay wherein a part of the bay has already been reclaimed to

house large prominent landmarks and national government offices.

History

Pasays historical past can be traced back to 1863. It was first known as the town

of Pineda and was incorporated into the Province of Rizal at that time. Antonio Dancel was the

first appointed provincial governor while Pascual Villanueva stood as the Citys first president. OnAugust 4 1901, the town revert to its original name, Pasay, through a resolution. After two years,

the pueblo of Malibay was added to Pasay, with a population of 8,100, the city was placed under

the fourth-class category.

Through the offer of Pasay Real Estate Company, residential lots were made available for the

leasing of foreign investors as the friars landed in the city to make a subdivision. Through the

continuous progress, telephone lines, telegraphs and postals were installed as well as the

establishment of the Philippines Savings Bank.

It was in 1907 that a first-class road connecting Pasay to Camp Nichols was completed. It was

then followed by other road constructions including the old Avenida Mexico, now known as Taft

Avenue extension. Linking the city to Intramuros, Escolta, San Miguel, San Sebastian and San

Juan, so called tranvia or electric streetcars were launched by the citys government.

Real estate in Pasay was cheap before. Much of the bayside area, now known as the bay city,

were swamps but the American soldiers were quick to seize the opportunity to develop it into

residential areas and by 1918, Pasay already had a population of 18,967.

World War II broke out on December 26, 2941 where MacArthur issued a proclamation declaring

Manila and its suburbs including Pasay an open city. Many residents of Pasay joined the

resistance during the Japanese occupation. There were people who were born and residing in

Pasay that stood up and helped the city to be exempted from the capture but in October 14,

1943, Japan proclaimed the Second Philippine Republic which was also the time when Pasay

residents started to leave the city because of the worsening food shortage.

After MacArthur fulfilled his promise to return and helped the Philippines, the Greater Manila Area

including Pasay city was recovered and rebuilt. Not long after the decree given by Ferdinand E.

Marcos, the Metropolitan Manila Commission and the Department of Local Government instructed

Pasay City to create its own barangays. Mayor Cuneta started the creation of 487 barangays and

was later trimmed down by Secretary Jose Rono of the Department of Local Government.

In the middle of 1997 Vice Mayor Wenceslao "Peewee" Trinidad took over the reins of

government from an ailing Mayor Pablo Cuneta. Mayor Cuneta was the Chief Executive of Pasay

City for thirty-seven years and served between the years 1949, when he was appointed city

mayor by President Elpidio Quirino, and 1997.

The onset of globalization in the 1990s has drastically changed the countrys economic landscape. Amidst all these changes, the city of Pasay has the opportunity to become the countrys next


40/67

40

important center of business, trade, and commerce. This, however, must be achieved through the

effective management of its resources and with the improvement of the living standards of its

people.

Geography

The city of Pasay occupies 18.50 square kilometres (7.14 sq mi) of land whichmarks it as the third smallest political city in the National Capital Region. It lies in the western

section of the Manila Bay and is divided into three main areas: the urban area of the city which is

composed of an area of 5.505 square kilometres (2.125 sq mi), the Civil Aeronautics

Administration Complex, including the Ninoy Aquino International Airport, Villamor Air Base, with

an area of 9.5 square kilometres (3.7 sq mi) and the reclaimed area of Manila Bay with an area of

4.00 square kilometres (1.54 sq mi).

Pasay is composed of seven districts that is partitioned into twenty zones, with a

sum of 201 barangays. The barangays in Pasay City are not designated with names instead,

numbers. Zone 1 shows to be the smallest zone with an area of 10 hectares (25 acres), which

covers Barangays 1 to 3 and as well as Barangay 14 to 17.

The Micro Setting

The site is located in Pasay City specifically in the Manila Bay Reclamation area. The site is

approximately 2 hectares in land area. It is facing both Diosdado Macapagal Blvd and Metro Bank

Ave. The site can be reached by foot from the public transportation terminal located at SM Mall of

Asia.

The soil of the site is quaternary alluvium. The site is open grassland and there are nopresences of significant trees in the site that can hinder construction. The topography of the site

Fig. 50The Site


41/67

41

is relative flat. In terms of geo-hazard, the site is susceptible to floods since it is included in the

flood prone areas of Pasay City and is also located in the Manila Bay reclamation area, places that

are near the Manila Bay. It is also not in close proximity with any fault line and mountains that

can make it susceptible to landslides as well as big damages during earthquakes. The site is

considered as a planned unit development in terms of zoning.

The table below shows the summary of the sites description.It contains the natural,cultural, hazardous conditions of the site based upon the maps and analysis gained from the

research.

Site Description Summary

NaturalFactors Soil

Geological Type of rock is classified as quaternary alluvium(See Geological Map)

Wildlife None

Vegetation Grasslands and Palm trees are present in the site(See Site Documentation)

Topography Site is relatively flat

Geo-Hazard

CulturalF

actors

Land Use New Coastal Reclamation Zone(See Existing Land Use Map)

Zoning Planned Unit Development(See Zoning Map)

Roads Site is facing Diosdado Macapagal Blvd. and is adjacent

to Roxas Blvd.(See Transportation Map and Site Analysis)

Vehicular Traffic (See Traffic Analysis)

Foot Traffic (See Traffic Analysis)Existing Buildings Blue Wave, Manila Tytana Colleges, SM Mall of Asia, Bay

Garden Towers(See Exiting Buildings)

Haz

ards

Land Suitability Moderate Suitability(See Land Suitability Map)

Flood Susceptibility Low Flood Susceptibility(See Flood Hazard Map)

Fault Line Intensity High 8

(See Ground Shaking Map)Storm Surge The site is shows no storm surge risk

(See Storm Surge Hazard Map)

Severe Wind 141-171 kph(See Severe Wind Hazard Map Analysis)

Table No. 2


42/67

42

Maps

Zoning Map

The 2003 zoning map of Pasay shows the site to be under the Planned Unit Development zone.

Fig. 51Zoning Map of Pasay City


43/67

43

Geologic Map

The site is consist of quaternary alluvium which are loose soil sediments that undergone erosion

and later on formed and reshaped through some water elements, but is returned through a non-

marine locale. Quaternary alluvium is consist of variety of particles like clay, silt, sand and gravel.

Fig. 52Geologic Map of Pasay City


44/67

44

Flood Hazard Map

As shown in Figure 32, the site has a low flood risk which varies from 0.1 to 0.5 meters,

which is at least an ankle to knee deep flood. This low flood hazard in the site proposes a minimal

problem as it is answerable by an increase in the structures elevation .

Fig. 53Flood Hazard Map of Pasay City


45/67

45

Storm Surge Hazard Map

The site is safe from any chances of storm surge as shown in this map.

Fig. 54Storm Surge Hazard Map of Pasay City


46/67

46

Severe Wind Hazard Map

Based from the figure above, the site is susceptible to 141 to 171 kph speed of wind. This

wind speed can be an advantage in improving the proposed green architecture for the building.

Fig. 55Severe Wind Hazard Map of Pasay City


47/67

47

Land Suitability Map

The site falls under moderate suitability which is described as the land having minor limitations to

the given type of use.

Fig. 56Land Suitability Map of Pasay City


48/67

48

Flood Prone Analysis Map

Since the site is located on the reclaimed area of Pasay and is near Manila Bay, it only shows

that the site is a flood prone area but with low frequency.

Fig. 57Flood Prone Area Map of Pasay City


49/67

49

Transportation System Map

There are a variety of transportation systems that is present in the City of Pasay. Having the

site located in the city proves it convenience and accessibility to the employees and clients

specifically those who are commuters.

Fig. 58Transportation System Map of Pasay City


50/67

50

Ground Shaking Map

Since Pasay City is not included in the cities that is covered by fault lines, a ground

shaking map and analysis is given instead. According to PHIVOLCS, he site is susceptible to an

intensity high 8 of earthquake.

Fig. 59Ground Shaking Map of Pasay City


51/67

51

Existing Land Use Map

The site falls under the New Coastal Reclamation Zone.

Fig. 60Existing Land Use Zone Map of Pasay City


52/67

52

Sun and Wind Diagram

The figure above indicates the sun path diagram. As you can see the southern part of the

site is the most exposed in heat gain from the sun therefore any habitable or primary spaces

should be as much as possible should not be positioned on the southern portion of the site. Open

spaces and service area can be placed in this part to serve as buffer from heat gain.

From October-February prevailing winds are from the northeastern direction, from March-

April winds come from southeast direction. Southern Winds prevail during May and southwesterly

winds prevail during the months of June, July, August and September. (For wind direction and

speed, refer to Wind direction and Wind speed Map) these information is relevant since the

development seeks as much as possible on following principles of sustainability and one way todo that is through passive cooling and air ventilation with this data it is possible to achieve.

Fig. 61Sun Path and Wind Diagram


53/67

53

Noise Analysis

The figure above shows the possible causes or sources of noise on the site. Main source of

noise is the vehicular noise since it is a major road where jeepneys, cars and buses are passing

therefore noise from cars and public are inevitable. There are noises coming from Blue wave and

the nearby auto shop although it is only minimal compared to the vehicular noise. The adjacency

of the site to major roads as well as its adjacent commercial areas is also a disadvantage like in

this case, major roads that is in close proximity to the site is one of the noise generators

especially in intersections.

Fig. 62Noise analysis diagram


54/67

54

Proximity Analysis

Site Proximity Summary

Legend Location Distance (km)

Mall of Asia TransportationTerminal

0.57

Department of Foreign Affairs 0.90

LRT-1 EDSA Station/ MRT-3Taft Station

1.09

Government ServiceInsurance System

0.75

Fig. 63Proximity analysis of site

Table No. 3


55/67

55

Traffic Analysis

The following table show the data concluded through the researchersobservation during

site visit.

Traffic Analysis

TRAFFIC TYPES REMARKS

Foot Traffic

Groups and individuals whovisits Blue wave

Light to Moderate

Students and Employees fromManila Tytana College

Moderate

People heading to SM Mall of

Asia and SM TransportTerminal

Moderate to High

People waiting for jeepneysand buses to pass by

Moderate to High

Employees and residents fromBay Garden Towers

Light to Moderate

Vehicular Traffic

Private Cars Moderate to High

Public Vans/Buses/Jeepneys Moderate to High

Shuttle Service Light to Moderate

ConstructionEquipment/Transports

Light to Moderate

The Light to Moderate traffic suggests that there are no signs of congestion in within the

site. Since the site is located in an area that is newly developed and is near a big commercial

complex, foot traffic can really be from a moderate to high risk.

The moderate vehicular traffic on the site is still desirable for the development since it

indicates that it is accessible to public transportation therefore it will not be a hindrance to the

accessibility of the development in terms of target population. Though there are times when thevehicular traffic hits high especially during peak hours.

Table No. 4


56/67

56

Nearby Establishments

Manila Tytana Colleges (formerly Manila

Doctors College)

SM Mall of Asia

Fig. 64

Fig. 65


57/67

57

Bay Garden Towers

Blue Wave

Fig. 66

Fig. 67


58/67

58

Site Documentation

The site stands open and shows that there is no trace of any construction being done in the

site. It is an open grassland with some small trees that are planted along the street.


59/67

59

The figures above is a proof that the site, numbered as site no. 143, is solely owned by the

government or public estate authority as written in the tax map control sheet.

Fig. 68Map from Pasay City Assessors office

Figure 69Site TCT Number


60/67

60

Related Laws and Ordinances

Republic Act No. 9514 or an Act Establishing a Comprehensive Fire Code of the

Philippines, Repealing Presidential Decree No. 1185

(Retrieved from: http://www.architectureboard.ph/uploads/1234414677-

RA%20No.%209514.pdf)

It is the policy of the State to ensure public safety and promote economic development

through the prevention and suppression of all kinds of destructive fires and promote the

professionalization of the fire service as a profession. Towards this end, the State shall enforce all

laws, rules and regulations to ensure adherence to standard fire prevention and safety measures,

and promote accountability for fire safety in the fire protection service and prevention service.

A law that established rules and regulations for the fire safety provision and fire protection

provisions of buildings and structures. It regulates dimensions of doors, hallways, and means of

egress, travel distance, specifications like fire rating and fire exits and stairs. It regulates

designers in designing in terms of fire safety and protections.

Presidential Decree1096 or the National Building Code of the Philippines

(Retrieved from: www.mysubicbay.com.ph/files/forms-manuals/20130701-153916-201.pdf)

The policy of the State of safeguard life, health, property, and public welfare, consistent with

the principles of sound environmental management and control; and to this end, make it the

purpose of this Code to provide for all buildings and structures, a framework of minimum

standards and requirements to regulate and control their location, site, design, quality of

materials, construction, use occupancy, and maintenance.

The Physical Environment of Pasay City and Ordinances Related

(Retrieved from Pasay City Comprehensive Land Use Plan: The Physical Environment:

http://www.pasay.gov.ph/Pdf/socio-eco/Physical%20Environment2.pdf)

Topography, Elevation and Slope

The western part of Pasay City is level to nearly level while its southeastern part is gently sloping

to gently undulating. It is characterized by coastal plains along the Manila Bay in the west and

sloping areas extending in the south-east direction. Surface elevations range from 2 meters above

the mean sea level on the coastal plains and 24 meters on the southeast part of the city.

2.5 Land and Associated Soil Characteristics

As per Metro Manila Land Resource Evaluation Project by BSWM, Pasay has the following land and

soil characteristics: Active Tidal Flats (Coastal Landscape) Active tidal flats, with an almost flat relief,have an elevation that ranges from 0 to 1.5 meters, sometimes reaching up to 3 meters above the

mean sea level. This land system has very poor drainage characteristics. Waterlogged areas may

pose a corrosion problem to underground uncoated steel pipes or structural reinforcement. Poor

drainage is also a problem in sewage disposal in areas which are not served by public sewer

facilities. It is further characterized by slow permeability, high compressibility, and possible flooding

during seasonal high water table. Soil texture or the different sizes of particles in the soil mass are

clay, silty clay, and sandly clay loam. The parent materials of this land classification are tidal

mudflats with muck and peat locally, alluvial sediments. Former Tidal Flats (Coastal Landscape)

The former tidal flats consist of areas more inland and slightly higher than the act

cruz, kristiana louise e. thesis 1 (part 1, part 2, part 3 and related appendices)

Documents