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Milestones in Computer

DevelopmentFall 2007

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Milestones in Computer Development 2000 B.C.: Abacus first used in computation

Ancient abacuses

(images are from http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~elf/abacus/history)

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Milestones in Computer Development 2000 B.C.: Abacus first used in computation

Medieval abacuses

(images are from http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~elf/abacus/history)

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Milestones in Computer Development 2000 B.C.: Abacus first used in computation

Modern abacuses

(images are from http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~elf/abacus/history)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1642 A.D.: Blaise Pascal (French) creates a

mechanical adding machine -- the “Pascalene” -- for tax computations

(image is from http://www.webcom.com/calc/CalcMach.html)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1671 A.D.: Gottfried von Leibniz (German)

creates a more reliable adding machine that adds, subtracts, multiplies, divides, and calculates square roots -- the "Staffelwalze"

(image is from http://www.fmeurope.org)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1842 A.D.: Charles

Babbage designs analytical engine to perform calculations automatically; Ada, countess of Lovelace, programs this machine

(image is from http://www.ashfield-dc.gov.uk)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1890 A.D.: Herman

Hollerith designs census recording system that uses punched cards; starts a company that later becomes IBM

(image is from http://www.ausbcomp.com/~bbott)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1939 A.D.: John

Atanasoff designs and builds first electronic digital computer (w/ graduate student Clifford Berry); called the ABC

(image is from http://www.iastate.edu)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1946 A.D.: J. Presper Eckert and John

Mauchly design and build the ENIAC; considered the first modern computer, used vacuum tubes

(image is from http://www.zianet.com/kromeke/pastcomp)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1946 A.D.: John von Neumann proposes

stored program architecture that bears his name

(image is from http://home.swipnet.se/~w-27237)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1951 A.D.: Eckert & Mauchly build the first

general-purpose computer, the UNIVAC I

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Milestones in Computer Development 1957 A.D.: John Backus and his IBM team

complete the first compiler (Fortran)

PROGRAM TEST INTEGER N N = N + 1 PRINT *, N STOP END

(image is from http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/support/cit/fortran/photos)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1958: IBM introduces the 7090 series, first

to use transistors

(image is from http://www.redstone.army.mil/history/archives)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1964 A.D.: IBM

announces the 360, first to use integrated circuitry (IC)

(image is from http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~stephan/Book/chap5)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1972 A.D.: Dennis

Ritchie at Bell Labs develops the C Programming Language; precursor of Java

(image is from livinginternet.com )

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Milestones in Computer Development 1975 A.D.: The Altair,

the first microcomputer, is introduced

(image is from http://www.digicamhistory.com)

1975 A.D.: The Cray-1, the first supercomputer, is announced

(image is from http://www.computerthai.or.th/About_Us)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1976 A.D.: DEC

introduces its popular minicomputer, the VAX 11/780

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Milestones in Computer Development 1977 A.D.: Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs

release the Apple I on April Fool’s Day, and found Apple Computers

(image is from http://apple2history.org/museum/images)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1981 A.D.: IBM

introduces its own PC

(images are from http://www.pattosoft.com.au/jason/Articles/HistoryOfComputers)

1984 A.D.: Apple introduces the Macintosh

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Milestones in Computer Development 1985 A.D.: Bjarne

Stroustrup at Bell Labs develops the C++ Programming Language; the Object-Oriented extension of C; precursor of Java

(image is from http://www.hitmill.com/programming/cpp)

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Milestones in Computer Development 1991 A.D.: The

internet is commercialized

1994: Netscape Navigator 1.0 is released; the WWW takes off

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Milestones in Computer Development 1995 A.D.: Sun releases

Java 1.0; object-oriented programming takes off

1997 A.D.: UNO CS Department adopts Java as object-oriented language support