cxr - cavity in lung
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
IMAGING OF THE WEEKIMAGING OF THE WEEK
DR. PRIYA KUBENDIRAN
M1 UNIT
PROF. DR. RAMASAMY
• CXR PA view
• Adequate exposure
• Soft tissue & bony shadow normal
• Trachea in midline
• Heart shadow normal
• Lung parenchyma - a wedge shaped opacity seen in superior part of Rt lower zone with a thick walled irregular cavity
• Lateral view – wedge shaped opacity corresponding to right middle lobe with a cavity with ectatic changes with associated collapse
• IMPRESSION
A thick walled cavity right middle lobe with ectatic changes with associated collapse
? PT sequelae
? malignancy
CAVITY A gas containing space within the lung surrounded by a
complete wall ≥ 1 mm in thickness Occurs when an area of necrosis communicates with a
patent airway Features : 1) location
2) wall thickness
3) outline
4) fluid level
5) contents
6)surrounding lung
7) multiplicity
ETIOLOGY Infectious : bacterial
fungal
parasites Immunologic : Wegener’s granulomatosis
sarcoidosis Neoplastic : primary neoplasms
haematogenous metastases Thromboembolic : septic thromboembolism Airways disease : bullae
cystic bronchiectasis Traumatic : traumatic lung cyst Developmental : sequestrated segment
bronchogenic cyst
• Acute abscesses• Neoplasms• Metastases• Wegener’s granulomatosis• Rheumatoid nodules
• Bullae• Pneumatocoeles• Cystic bronchiectasis• Chronic inactive TB• Hydatid cysts• Traumatic lung cysts
Acute lung abscessPrimary malignancyPost traumatic lung cyst
MetastasesWegener’s granulomatosisSeptic emboli
KlebsiellaS.pneumoniaeTBFungalCarcinomaBullaeSarcoidosis
Ps.aeruginosaTBHydatid cystSeptic thromboembolismBronchiectasis
Staph.aureusWegener’s Metastases
PSEUDOCAVITATION / BUBBLE LUCENCIES
• In HRCT, round/oval areas of low attenuation ≤ 5 mm in diameter are visible within lung nodules
• Seen in bronchoalveolar ca (60 %)
acinar cell carcinoma (30 %)• Represent 1) patent bronchi
2) air containing cystic spaces
• If ≥ 5 mm : 1) paracicatricial emphysema
2) localised bronchiectasis
3) tumor developing in an area of fibrosis &
honeycombing
Bubble lucency
Pseudocavity
Water lily signHydatid cyst
Fungal ball
Wegener’s granulomatosis
SCC