CyberdatingCyberdating

Romance in Romance in CyberspaceCyberspace

Section ASection A

Leading in and exploringLeading in and exploring

Introduction to the TopicIntroduction to the Topic You never know where you might meet the You never know where you might meet the

love of your life ! It could be in the street; It love of your life ! It could be in the street; It might be in the classroom; or it might be, might be in the classroom; or it might be, on the internet ! It’s so easy to just type in on the internet ! It’s so easy to just type in all the qualities you desire in a person and all the qualities you desire in a person and then, right before your very eyes,cseveral then, right before your very eyes,cseveral matches from all over the world may matches from all over the world may appear. It’s crazy, but true! Technology is appear. It’s crazy, but true! Technology is changing everything these days. How is it changing everything these days. How is it changing you?changing you?

Leading in and exploringLeading in and exploring

Warming-up ActivitiesWarming-up Activities1. Word exploring1. Word exploring related words:related words: Cyberdate Cyberdate 网络约会网络约会

cyberspace cyberspace 网络世界网络世界 Anonymity Anonymity 匿名匿名 deceptiondeception 欺骗欺骗 Facility Facility 设施设施 breakneckbreakneck 高速危高速危

险险 Exhibition Exhibition 展览展览 astrologyastrology 占星占星

术术

Preparation

Getting the MessageGetting the Message Direction: Answer the following questions Direction: Answer the following questions

according to the text.according to the text. 1.What do you think of cyberdating?1.What do you think of cyberdating? 2.What do you think of online chatting?2.What do you think of online chatting? 3.Is it possible for you to fall in love with 3.Is it possible for you to fall in love with

someone in cyberspace? Imagine what it someone in cyberspace? Imagine what it would be like if this happened to you.would be like if this happened to you.

4.which is preferable: a face-to-face chat or 4.which is preferable: a face-to-face chat or an online chat? an online chat?

Reading ThroughReading Through Main Idea Main Idea

Text A describes cyberdatings aText A describes cyberdatings and the striking differences betwend the striking differences between meeting people online and in en meeting people online and in real life, offering people some tipreal life, offering people some tips on how to deal with person-to-s on how to deal with person-to-person relations through this meperson relations through this medium. It thus provides a picture odium. It thus provides a picture of romance in cyberspace in modf romance in cyberspace in modern society. ern society.

New WordsNew Words

Cyberdate Cyberdate 网络约会网络约会

cyberspace cyberspace 网络世界网络世界 Anonymity Anonymity 匿名匿名 deceptiondeception 欺骗欺骗 Facility Facility 设施设施 breakneckbreakneck 高速高速危险危险

Exhibition Exhibition 展览展览 astrologyastrology 占占星术星术

Detailed Study of Text ADetailed Study of Text A

1.Anonymity can also lead to deception, of course.1.Anonymity can also lead to deception, of course. Meaning: As people do not give or get real names Meaning: As people do not give or get real names

or identities on the net, they can, without doubt, or identities on the net, they can, without doubt, cheat or be cheated by others.cheat or be cheated by others.

2.Such self-exploration can be quite positive : a 2.Such self-exploration can be quite positive : a person can grow into the person they present.person can grow into the person they present.

Meaning: Analyzing and examining oneself online Meaning: Analyzing and examining oneself online can be very helpful to can be very helpful to

::

A person’s development: and become , in real life, A person’s development: and become , in real life, the sort of person he /she pretends to be on the the sort of person he /she pretends to be on the Internet (for example, a shy person can try being Internet (for example, a shy person can try being more open on the Net)more open on the Net)

3. "It's like our two lost souls caught a fever for each 3. "It's like our two lost souls caught a fever for each other and now we don't want it to end," says Chionsini.other and now we don't want it to end," says Chionsini.Meaning:Meaning: Chionsini says, "It's as if we were two lonely Chionsini says, "It's as if we were two lonely people who met and are now wild with passion for each people who met and are now wild with passion for each other. We just don't want it to stop." other. We just don't want it to stop." caught a fever for each other=had a strong passion for each caught a fever for each other=had a strong passion for each otherother

4. Rooms may be used as an exhibition area 4. Rooms may be used as an exhibition area directed toward singles, special interests such as directed toward singles, special interests such as astrology or biking, specific groups such as gays astrology or biking, specific groups such as gays and lesbians, or people from different religions or and lesbians, or people from different religions or geographic regions.geographic regions.Meaning: Chat rooms offer a boundless space for Meaning: Chat rooms offer a boundless space for public use on the Internet where many kinds of public use on the Internet where many kinds of people, such as homosexuals, people holding people, such as homosexuals, people holding different religious beliefs or coming from different different religious beliefs or coming from different parts of the world, can get together to talk about parts of the world, can get together to talk about special interests such as astrology or biking, etc.special interests such as astrology or biking, etc.an exhibition area directed toward singles...=an an exhibition area directed toward singles...=an exhibition area that is directed toward singles...exhibition area that is directed toward singles...Note that "singles", "special interests..." and Note that "singles", "special interests..." and "specific groups..." are the objects of the "specific groups..." are the objects of the proposition "toward".proposition "toward".

5.The hallways are where the real action is," says Alan 5.The hallways are where the real action is," says Alan Luxenberg of Philadelphia, who met his wife online. Luxenberg of Philadelphia, who met his wife online. Meaning: "The hallways are the places where romances start Meaning: "The hallways are the places where romances start after the partners' talks", says Alan Luxenberg of Philadelphia, after the partners' talks", says Alan Luxenberg of Philadelphia, whose marriage began as a cyber romance.whose marriage began as a cyber romance.

6.6. Will the person they've Will the person they've gotten to knowgotten to know actually "be" the actually "be" the person person as advertisedas advertised??Meaning: They wonder whether the person they have become Meaning: They wonder whether the person they have become quite familiar with through online communication will really turn quite familiar with through online communication will really turn out to be the one presented/portrayed by him/herself?out to be the one presented/portrayed by him/herself?Note that the pattern get to + verb means to do something Note that the pattern get to + verb means to do something gradually or with the passing of time. (gradually or with the passing of time. (逐渐做；随时光流逝而逐渐做；随时光流逝而变得变得 ))Note that as can be regarded as a relative pronoun that refers Note that as can be regarded as a relative pronoun that refers to the person. Hence as advertised is equivalent to as he has to the person. Hence as advertised is equivalent to as he has been advertised.been advertised.

7. The 7. The accepted wisdomaccepted wisdom is that it's best for couples first is that it's best for couples first to get to know one another through e-mail.to get to know one another through e-mail.Meaning: What would serve a man and a woman best Meaning: What would serve a man and a woman best would be to become familiar with one another through would be to become familiar with one another through e-mail correspondence; this is the common-sense e-mail correspondence; this is the common-sense approach.approach.Here, accepted means generally approved and Here, accepted means generally approved and adopted (adopted ( 公认的公认的 ). Accepted wisdom means what one ). Accepted wisdom means what one does is commonly held to be reasonable.does is commonly held to be reasonable.8. If they decide to meet, they should be just 8. If they decide to meet, they should be just as careful as careful asas they would be when meeting any stranger ─getting they would be when meeting any stranger ─getting together in a public place with other people around. together in a public place with other people around. Meaning: If they felt like seeing each other, they should Meaning: If they felt like seeing each other, they should be as careful as possible. They should date their be as careful as possible. They should date their partners in a public place where other people partners in a public place where other people frequently pass by, even though they have already frequently pass by, even though they have already spoken with their partners on the Internet for quite a spoken with their partners on the Internet for quite a while. while.

cyberspace cyberspace     n.n. [U] the space made up of all the computer networks; [U] the space made up of all the computer networks; the online world of computer networks the online world of computer networks 网络空间；网网络空间；网络世界络世界[[ 例例 ] Nowadays, many people do business in ] Nowadays, many people do business in cyberspacecyberspace. . 如今，很多人在网络上做生意。如今，很多人在网络上做生意。[[ 例例 ] Have you ever spent your Christmas in ] Have you ever spent your Christmas in cyberspacecyberspace? ? 你过过网络圣诞节吗？你过过网络圣诞节吗？bee bee     n.n.[C] a stinging insect that makes sweet honey, lives in [C] a stinging insect that makes sweet honey, lives in large social groups, and is supposed to be very busy large social groups, and is supposed to be very busy 蜜蜂蜜蜂[[ 例例 ] He was stung by a ] He was stung by a beebee because he tried to steal because he tried to steal honey. honey. 他因为想偷蜜被蜜蜂蛰了。他因为想偷蜜被蜜蜂蛰了。fiancé fiancé     n.n. [C] (French) a man to whom a woman is engaged to [C] (French) a man to whom a woman is engaged to be married be married （法）未婚夫（法）未婚夫[[ 例例 ] Can I introduce you to my ] Can I introduce you to my fiancéfiancé? ? 请让我介绍我请让我介绍我的未婚夫吧？的未婚夫吧？[[ 例例 ] This is my ] This is my fiancéfiancé John. We got engaged a few John. We got engaged a few weeks ago. weeks ago. 这是我的未婚夫约翰，我们在几星期前订这是我的未婚夫约翰，我们在几星期前订婚了。婚了。

modemmodem    n.n. [C] a device ( [C] a device ( 装置装置 ) in a network that converts ) in a network that converts signals from one form, which a computer signals from one form, which a computer understands, into another form, so that the signals understands, into another form, so that the signals can be sent from one computer to another along a can be sent from one computer to another along a telephone line, by radio, etc. telephone line, by radio, etc. 调制解调器调制解调器[[ 例例 ] The ] The modemmodem doesn't work well. doesn't work well. 这解调器不这解调器不太好用。太好用。[[ 例例 ] You need to replace the ] You need to replace the modemmodem. . 你需要更你需要更换这解调器。换这解调器。anonymity anonymity     n.n. [U] the condition of being unknown by name [U] the condition of being unknown by name 无无名，匿名名，匿名[[ 例例 ] The defendants' ] The defendants' anonymityanonymity was maintained was maintained until they were brought to court. until they were brought to court. 被告人的姓名一被告人的姓名一直没公开，直到他们被带上法庭时才予以披露。直没公开，直到他们被带上法庭时才予以披露。[[ 例例 ] Some people commit crimes by taking ] Some people commit crimes by taking advantage of advantage of anonymityanonymity in cyberspace. in cyberspace. 一些人一些人利用网络匿名的特点犯罪。利用网络匿名的特点犯罪。

level level     n.n. 1. [C] a general standard of quality or quantity 1. [C] a general standard of quality or quantity 水平，水水平，水准准[[ 例例 ] a high ] a high levellevel of achievement of achievement 高水平的成就高水平的成就[[ 例例 ] The ] The levellevel of your work is not satisfactory; you need to of your work is not satisfactory; you need to improve it. improve it. 你的工作水平不能令人满意，你需要改进。你的工作水平不能令人满意，你需要改进。2. [C; U] a line or surface parallel to the ground; a position 2. [C; U] a line or surface parallel to the ground; a position of height in relation to a flat surface of height in relation to a flat surface 平面；层次平面；层次[[ 例例 ] The garden is arranged on two ] The garden is arranged on two levelslevels. . 这花园有高低这花园有高低两个层面。两个层面。[[ 例例 ] The top of this mountain is six kilometers above sea ] The top of this mountain is six kilometers above sea levellevel. . 这座山的山顶海拔这座山的山顶海拔 6,0006,000米高。米高。adj.adj. having a surface that is flat and smooth; not sloping; having a surface that is flat and smooth; not sloping; horizontal horizontal 平（坦）的平（坦）的[[ 例例 ] a ] a levellevel spoonful of sugar spoonful of sugar 平平的一匙糖平平的一匙糖[[ 例例 ] A football field needs to be ] A football field needs to be levellevel. . 足球场必须平坦。足球场必须平坦。

deceptiondeception    n.n. [C; U] the act of deceiving or something that [C; U] the act of deceiving or something that deceives deceives 欺骗；诈骗欺骗；诈骗[[ 例例 ] practice ] practice deceptiondeception with the public with the public 欺骗公众欺骗公众耳目耳目[[ 例例 ] This criminal is a master of trickery and ] This criminal is a master of trickery and deceptiondeception. . 这个罪犯是个诡计多端的家伙。这个罪犯是个诡计多端的家伙。engineering engineering     n.n. [U] the science or profession of an engineer [U] the science or profession of an engineer 工工程学；工程师行业程学；工程师行业[[ 例例 ] an ] an engineeringengineering firm firm 一家工程公司一家工程公司[[ 例例 ] She studied ] She studied engineeringengineering at university, but at university, but she became a housewife after graduation. she became a housewife after graduation. 她在大她在大学读的是工程学；毕业后却成了家学读的是工程学；毕业后却成了家

scriptscript    n.n. 1. [C] a written form of a speech, play, film, or 1. [C] a written form of a speech, play, film, or broadcast broadcast （演讲、广播等的）原稿；（戏剧、电影的（演讲、广播等的）原稿；（戏剧、电影的）脚本）脚本[[ 例例 ] The ] The scriptscript was delivered to the director ahead of was delivered to the director ahead of schedule. schedule. 剧本已提前送交导演了。剧本已提前送交导演了。[[ 例例 ] We always rely on him to revise the ] We always rely on him to revise the scriptscript. . 我们我们总是靠他改剧本。总是靠他改剧本。2. [singular; U] writing done by hand, especially as in 2. [singular; U] writing done by hand, especially as in English with the letters of words joined English with the letters of words joined 手迹；笔迹手迹；笔迹[[ 例例 ] She wrote the paper with a flowing ] She wrote the paper with a flowing scriptscript. . 她用她用流利的草体写论文。流利的草体写论文。breakneck breakneck     adj.adj. very fast or dangerous very fast or dangerous 高速而危险的高速而危险的[[ 例例 ] driving at ] driving at breakneckbreakneck speed speed 以危险的高速开车以危险的高速开车

Section BSection B

Meeting E-Meeting E-relations in the relations in the real World Is a real World Is a

TripTrip

Background Information Background Information

1.South africa1.South africa South Africa is one of the most diverse and South Africa is one of the most diverse and

enchanting countries in the world. Exotic combination enchanting countries in the world. Exotic combination of landscapes , people, history and culture offer a of landscapes , people, history and culture offer a larger-than-life experience for the travellers in search larger-than-life experience for the travellers in search of a truly unique and inspiring experience.of a truly unique and inspiring experience.

2.Canada2.Canada A land of vast distances and rich natural A land of vast distances and rich natural

resources, Canada became s self-governing resources, Canada became s self-governing domination in 1867 while retaining ties to the British domination in 1867 while retaining ties to the British crown. Economically and technologically the nation crown. Economically and technologically the nation has developed in parallel with the US. has developed in parallel with the US.

Reading MoreReading More 1.As I step out of the elevator, she offers her 1.As I step out of the elevator, she offers her

hand.hand.Meaning:Meaning: As I leave (or walk out of) the lift, she As I leave (or walk out of) the lift, she extends (or puts out) her hand to me (to be shaken).extends (or puts out) her hand to me (to be shaken).Notice the use of present tense to describe the past Notice the use of present tense to describe the past event. The purpose of using the present tense here is event. The purpose of using the present tense here is to dramatize the narration of the story.to dramatize the narration of the story.Also note that when we say somebody offers his/her Also note that when we say somebody offers his/her hand, it usually means he/she extends his/her hand to hand, it usually means he/she extends his/her hand to be shaken as a sign of friendship. Here, be shaken as a sign of friendship. Here, offeroffer implies implies readiness to do or give something.readiness to do or give something.2. This is the first time we've met in person...2. This is the first time we've met in person...Meaning:Meaning: This is our first personal meeting since the This is our first personal meeting since the start of our e-mail exchanges (or: since the start of our e-mail exchanges (or: since the establishment of our e-relationship).establishment of our e-relationship)."We've met in person..." can be regarded as a relative "We've met in person..." can be regarded as a relative clause (clause ( 关系从句关系从句 ) with the conjunction () with the conjunction ( 连词连词 ) ) thatthat or or whenwhen omitted. Note that the predicate verb in this kind omitted. Note that the predicate verb in this kind of clause always takes the perfective aspect of clause always takes the perfective aspect

3. Although it's a fairly 3. Although it's a fairly value-neutralvalue-neutral comment on comment on my appearance, it still my appearance, it still leaves me wonderingleaves me wondering......Meaning:Meaning: Although her comment on what I look like Although her comment on what I look like does not reflect a strong sense of like nor of dislike on does not reflect a strong sense of like nor of dislike on her part, it makes me think a lot ...her part, it makes me think a lot ...Value-neutralValue-neutral essentially means that the person essentially means that the person making the comment really is not invested, one way or making the comment really is not invested, one way or the other, in what he/she is saying. Its opposite is the other, in what he/she is saying. Its opposite is value-value-ladenladen..I don't like it when people are I don't like it when people are value-neutralvalue-neutral. . 当有人不明确表示自己的价值观时我不喜欢。当有人不明确表示自己的价值观时我不喜欢。Notice the structure "leave somebody doing something" Notice the structure "leave somebody doing something" (meaning "leave and let somebody do something (meaning "leave and let somebody do something alone"):alone"):She She left me standingleft me standing on the bridge. on the bridge. 她离开了，抛下我一人站在桥上。她离开了，抛下我一人站在桥上。The mother went out for work, The mother went out for work, leaving her young son leaving her young son playingplaying alone in the sitting room. alone in the sitting room. 这位母亲出去工作了，抛下小儿子孤单单地在起居室里这位母亲出去工作了，抛下小儿子孤单单地在起居室里

4.Personalities and 4.Personalities and compelling personal detailscompelling personal details and and stories have leaked into the exchanges.stories have leaked into the exchanges.Meaning: In the course of the e-mail exchanges, Meaning: In the course of the e-mail exchanges, personalities and exciting personal details and personalities and exciting personal details and stories have been shared between my e-friends and stories have been shared between my e-friends and me.me.compelling personal details: the most interesting compelling personal details: the most interesting and intimate details of a person's private life (often and intimate details of a person's private life (often used as gossip)used as gossip)

5.I have learned about people's lives: lost loves and 5.I have learned about people's lives: lost loves and active grudgesactive grudges, family histories, personal finances, , family histories, personal finances, career ambitions and opinions. career ambitions and opinions. Meaning: I have been informed of people's lives: the Meaning: I have been informed of people's lives: the loss of their loved ones and their strong and loss of their loved ones and their strong and continuous resentment, family histories, personal continuous resentment, family histories, personal incomes, career dreams and opinions.incomes, career dreams and opinions.

6.6. I know much more about some of these people I know much more about some of these people than others with whom I have regular face time, than others with whom I have regular face time, people with whom I've been acquainted for years, people with whom I've been acquainted for years, but in reality hardly know at all.but in reality hardly know at all.Meaning: I have a much better understanding of the Meaning: I have a much better understanding of the friends whom I have gotten to know through e-mail friends whom I have gotten to know through e-mail correspondence than of those friends whom I see correspondence than of those friends whom I see on a regular basis. Although I've gotten along with on a regular basis. Although I've gotten along with my regular friends and acquaintances for many my regular friends and acquaintances for many years, in fact I don't quite know them.years, in fact I don't quite know them.The clause "with whom I have regular face time" The clause "with whom I have regular face time" modifies "others".modifies "others"."People with whom I've been acquainted for years, "People with whom I've been acquainted for years, but in reality hardly know at all" is in apposition (but in reality hardly know at all" is in apposition ( 同同位位 ) with "others".) with "others".

7.7. 11. ... or possibly even more importantly, how you 11. ... or possibly even more importantly, how you think you're seen, which affects how comfortable you think you're seen, which affects how comfortable you are.are.Meaning: ... or probably what matters more is how a Meaning: ... or probably what matters more is how a person thinks of others' opinions about him/herself. person thinks of others' opinions about him/herself. This kind of belief determines how much confidence a This kind of belief determines how much confidence a person may have in him/herself in meeting others.person may have in him/herself in meeting others.Here "which" stands for "how you think you're seen".Here "which" stands for "how you think you're seen".8.I don't want to suggest that e-relationships are all 8.I don't want to suggest that e-relationships are all confessional, or even that they're necessarily more confessional, or even that they're necessarily more honest.honest.Meaning: I don't mean that e-relationships are entirely Meaning: I don't mean that e-relationships are entirely frank as if it were a case of confession, nor do I mean frank as if it were a case of confession, nor do I mean that e-relationships are more truthful or genuine (than that e-relationships are more truthful or genuine (than our regular relationships).our regular relationships).Note that the verb Note that the verb suggestsuggest is not used in the sense of is not used in the sense of making a proposal. Otherwise, the predicate verb in the making a proposal. Otherwise, the predicate verb in the objective clause (objective clause (宾从宾从 ) would be in thesubjunctive ) would be in thesubjunctive mood. mood. SuggestSuggest means means indicateindicate or or hinthint in thi sentence, in thi sentence, governing two objective clauses. Note that while the governing two objective clauses. Note that while the conjunction conjunction thatthat in the first clause is omissible, the in the first clause is omissible, the second second thatthat must be retained in the clause. must be retained in the clause.

9. Still, with e-mail, the whole exchange is distilled into 9. Still, with e-mail, the whole exchange is distilled into thoughts and words.thoughts and words.Meaning: When communicating by e-mail, all emotions, Meaning: When communicating by e-mail, all emotions, thoughts, and connections are made through typed thoughts, and connections are made through typed messages only. messages only. In other words, the only way to express what one In other words, the only way to express what one thinks and feels is through the written words. This is thinks and feels is through the written words. This is quite unlike face-to-face communication where we may quite unlike face-to-face communication where we may communicate both with and without words (i.e. through communicate both with and without words (i.e. through facial expressions, touch, and words).facial expressions, touch, and words).10. For anyone who ever wants to be judged for "who 10. For anyone who ever wants to be judged for "who they really are", e-mail is the answer.they really are", e-mail is the answer.Meaning: If people want others to get to know who they Meaning: If people want others to get to know who they really are on the inside, e-mail is the best way.really are on the inside, e-mail is the best way.The underlying meaning (The underlying meaning ( 深层意义深层意义 ) is that in our ) is that in our conventional way of making friends, we tend to judge conventional way of making friends, we tend to judge others by their appearances. But for those people who others by their appearances. But for those people who may be afraid of being judged by how they look, e-mail may be afraid of being judged by how they look, e-mail is a great way to share their true selves, without the is a great way to share their true selves, without the fear of someone not taking them seriously because of fear of someone not taking them seriously because of physical impressions.physical impressions.

advent advent     n.n. ( (singularsingular) the arrival or coming of (an important ) the arrival or coming of (an important event, period, invention, etc.) event, period, invention, etc.) 出现，来临出现，来临[[ 例例 ] People are much better informed since the ] People are much better informed since the adventadvent of television. of television. 自从有了电视，人们的消息灵通多自从有了电视，人们的消息灵通多了。了。[[ 例例 ] Now, with the ] Now, with the adventadvent and popularity of the home and popularity of the home computer, its advantages and disadvantages have computer, its advantages and disadvantages have been a subject of discussion. been a subject of discussion. 现在，随着家用电脑的出现在，随着家用电脑的出现和普及，人们开始讨论其优缺点。现和普及，人们开始讨论其优缺点。semi-anonymoussemi-anonymous    adj.adj. partially unknown partially unknown 半匿名的半匿名的[[ 例例 ] This is a ] This is a semi-anonymoussemi-anonymous letter. letter. 这是一封半匿这是一封半匿名信件。名信件。pal pal     n.n. [C] ( [C] (informalinformal) a close friend ) a close friend 好友，密友好友，密友[[ 例例 ] an old ] an old palpal of mine of mine 我的一位老朋友我的一位老朋友[[ 例例 ] To tell you the truth, we've been ] To tell you the truth, we've been palspals for years! for years! 说实话，我们已是多年的好朋友了！说实话，我们已是多年的好朋友了！

Testing YourselfTesting YourselfGetting the MessageGetting the Message 1: What does she do as the writer steps out of the 1: What does she do as the writer steps out of the

elevaor?elevaor? A: She greets me B: She holds me in her armsA: She greets me B: She holds me in her arms C:She lets me kiss her handC:She lets me kiss her hand D: She slaps meD: She slaps me 2: Why does the woman’s value-neutral comment 2: Why does the woman’s value-neutral comment

on the writer’s appearance still leave him on the writer’s appearance still leave him wondering?wondering?

A: He does not have her pictureA: He does not have her picture B; He thought she was an old lady beforeB; He thought she was an old lady before C: Her beauty attracts him to the point that he C: Her beauty attracts him to the point that he

cannot move cannot move D: He is too shyD: He is too shy

3.Why does the writer say he is global?3.Why does the writer say he is global? A: He goes around the worldA: He goes around the world B: He reads world news on the InternetB: He reads world news on the Internet C: His e-mail connections are global as heworks , C: His e-mail connections are global as heworks ,

through e-mail , with people in south Africa, Singapore, through e-mail , with people in south Africa, Singapore, Canada, and a dozen U,S. cities.Canada, and a dozen U,S. cities.

D: His business covers the whole world marketD: His business covers the whole world market 4. He has learned everything about people’s lives except 4. He has learned everything about people’s lives except

for which of the following:for which of the following: A: he has learned about their lost lovesA: he has learned about their lost loves B: he has learned about their personal financesB: he has learned about their personal finances C:He he has learned about their career ambitionsC:He he has learned about their career ambitions D: he has learned about their hobbisD: he has learned about their hobbis

Section CSection C

Understanding and Understanding and Writing Business Writing Business

LettersLetters

About Writing Business LettersAbout Writing Business Letters 1. 1. 商业信函通常由以下几个部分组成商业信函通常由以下几个部分组成 (( 前七部分缺一不前七部分缺一不

可可 )) ，其正确的写法应为：，其正确的写法应为： 11 ）寄信人的地址）寄信人的地址 ((Sender’s nameSender’s name)) ：英文书信的地址：英文书信的地址

应从小到大，先写门牌号码，再写街道、城镇、省或州及应从小到大，先写门牌号码，再写街道、城镇、省或州及邮政编码，最后是国家名称。国家名称的每一个字母都要邮政编码，最后是国家名称。国家名称的每一个字母都要大写。大写。

22 ）日期）日期 (Date)(Date) ：日期写在作者地址的下边。：日期写在作者地址的下边。 33 ）收信人地址）收信人地址 (Receiver’s sddress)(Receiver’s sddress) ：包括姓名，职：包括姓名，职

务（如适用），公司名称务（如适用），公司名称 (( 如适用如适用 )) ，街道名称或信箱号，街道名称或信箱号，城市，州或省，邮政编码和国家，常写在左手边，在日，城市，州或省，邮政编码和国家，常写在左手边，在日期线和称呼之间。期线和称呼之间。

44 ）称呼语）称呼语 (Salutation)(Salutation) ：是信开头对收信人的称呼，：是信开头对收信人的称呼，写在地址下两三行处写在地址下两三行处 .. 称呼后可以写冒号或逗号；在商业称呼后可以写冒号或逗号；在商业信函或其他正式书信中，用冒号，在非正式书信中，称呼信函或其他正式书信中，用冒号，在非正式书信中，称呼后用逗号。除非写信人与收信人熟到可以直呼其名，否则后用逗号。除非写信人与收信人熟到可以直呼其名，否则通常要在收信人名字前加上通常要在收信人名字前加上““ Mr.”Mr.” ，，““ Professor”Professor” 等表等表示礼貌的头衔。示礼貌的头衔。

55 ）正文）正文 (Body)(Body) ：正文的格式多种多样，有齐头式：正文的格式多种多样，有齐头式 (( 又叫又叫板块式，板块式， Blocked StyleBlocked Style)) ，缩进式，缩进式 (Indented Style)(Indented Style) 和混和混合式合式 ((Modified StyleModified Style)) ，商业信函最好使用齐头式。，商业信函最好使用齐头式。

66 ）结 尾）结 尾 (Closing)(Closing) ：是写在信 尾的告别 话 语，例：是写在信 尾的告别 话 语，例如如““ Sincerely”Sincerely” ，，““ Sincerely yours”Sincerely yours” 。通常位于正文。通常位于正文两三行以下。第一个单词的第一个字母要大写，最后以逗号两三行以下。第一个单词的第一个字母要大写，最后以逗号结结

：： 77 ）签名）签名 (Signature)(Signature) 写信人的签名、名字和头衔写信人的签名、名字和头衔 (( 如果如果适用适用 )) ，写在信尾问候同侧三四行以下的位置。，写在信尾问候同侧三四行以下的位置。

88 ）头衔）头衔 (Title)(Title)

99 ）附件）附件 (Enclosure)(Enclosure) ：附言用来说明没有包括在信中的想法：附言用来说明没有包括在信中的想法和内容和内容 .. 通常在头衔下两三行的地方，从左侧顶格写起通常在头衔下两三行的地方，从左侧顶格写起 .. 在在促销和私人信件中，附言也可以用来强调写信人请求收信人促销和私人信件中，附言也可以用来强调写信人请求收信人采取的行动和做出的考虑。 采取的行动和做出的考虑。

About Writing Business LetteAbout Writing Business Lettersrs 2. 2. 商业信函的格式基本上可以分为以下三种商业信函的格式基本上可以分为以下三种

1) 1) 齐头式又叫板块式，在齐头式书信中，全部内容齐头式又叫板块式，在齐头式书信中，全部内容包括日期和信尾问候语，都从左侧顶格开始。段落开头包括日期和信尾问候语，都从左侧顶格开始。段落开头不空格不空格 (( 见格式一见格式一 )) ，而私人信件通常不用齐头式。，而私人信件通常不用齐头式。

2) 2) 缩进式，也是使用最为广泛的一种格式，商业和缩进式，也是使用最为广泛的一种格式，商业和私人信件都可以使用，尽管在私人信件中不一定要写回私人信件都可以使用，尽管在私人信件中不一定要写回信地址和封内地址信地址和封内地址 .. 使用没有印刷信头的普通信纸时，使用没有印刷信头的普通信纸时，这种格式最合适。与齐头式不同，发信人地址、日期，这种格式最合适。与齐头式不同，发信人地址、日期，结尾和签名都从中间偏右开始写，其余部分从左边开始结尾和签名都从中间偏右开始写，其余部分从左边开始，且每段开头空两格，且每段开头空两格 （见格式二）。（见格式二）。

3) 3) 混合式，大致与缩进式相似，所不同的是每段的混合式，大致与缩进式相似，所不同的是每段的开始不空格开始不空格 （见格式三）。（见格式三）。

Sample Reading Sample Reading Sample 1:Block StyleSample 1:Block Style

(1) (Sender’s address:)(1) (Sender’s address:)

Dept. of GeologyDept. of Geology

Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang University

Hangzhou,Zhejiang, 310013Hangzhou,Zhejiang, 310013

ChinaChina

(2) Date June 25, 2001 (2) Date June 25, 2001

(3) (receiver’s address:)(3) (receiver’s address:)

DirectorDirector

Dept. of GeologyDept. of Geology

Columbia UniversityColumbia University

New York, NY10027New York, NY10027

U.S.A. U.S.A. 

Sample Reading Sample Reading Dear Sirs,Dear Sirs,

I read in I read in NewsweekNewsweek (September 14, 1987) that an (September 14, 1987) that an

updated second edition of the unabridged updated second edition of the unabridged Randon House Randon House

Dictionary of the English LanguageDictionary of the English Language is being published. I is being published. I

would be very grateful if you could give me some would be very grateful if you could give me some

information on information on where and howwhere and how I can get a copy of the I can get a copy of the

dictionary and if there is a less expensive edition thanthe dictionary and if there is a less expensive edition thanthe

one describedone described

Thank you for any help you can give me.Thank you for any help you can give me.

Sincerely,Sincerely,

SaundersSaunders

..

MM

Useful StructuresUseful Structures I. I. Opening Sentences Opening Sentences

I was glad to receive your letter of ...I was glad to receive your letter of ...

With great delight I learn that...With great delight I learn that...

I have the pleasure to tell you that...I have the pleasure to tell you that...

I have just received your kind letter. I have just received your kind letter.

Your kind letter of ...arrived this morning. Your kind letter of ...arrived this morning.

As I have not heard of you for a long time, I feel As I have not heard of you for a long time, I feel anxious...anxious...

I was so glad to have your letter yesterday. I was so glad to have your letter yesterday.

Your letter of... was duly received. Your letter of... was duly received.

I have just received your kind letter dated...I have just received your kind letter dated...

I have been meaning to write for a long time. I know I I have been meaning to write for a long time. I know I should have written long before this.should have written long before this.

We were pleased to know from your letter of...We were pleased to know from your letter of...

Useful StructuresUseful Structures

II. Closing Sentences I hope to hear from you soon.I look forward to our next meeting. Your kind early reply will be appreciated. Won’t you let us hear from you promptly. The help you send is sincerely valued.Hoping for an early reply.Looking forward to hearing from you.Remember me to your...Present my compliments to...You have my best wishes for your continued successI hope I shall receive your favorable reply.I would be grateful if you could let me know as soon as possible.Your prompt attention to this matter is appreciated.We highly appreciated for your kind co-operation in this matter.Your early attention to this matter is highly appreciated