cybervoting.doc

8/9/2019 CyberVoting.doc

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SYNOPSIS

The objective of the CYBERVOTE project is to develop the first completely

secure cyber voting system based on W!" W#$" %#$" &T#$ and 'ava technologies

that (ill enable European citi)ens to vote through their mobile phones and !Cs connected

to *nternet+ The CYBERVOTE design (ill be driven by solutions (hich (ill allo( the

user authentication (hile guaranteeing ballot secrecy" sanctity and integrity but also the

freedom of e,pression of the voter and the user-friendliness and the acceptability of the

system+

Trial applications (ill be conducted (ith disabled" ill and traveling people on

different pilot elections+ CYBER Vote.s objective is to implement a trust(orthy e-votingprotocol (hich can be integrated to e,isting infrastructures for identification of voters+

The e-voting system (ill be able to handle multiple and concurrent elections and different

versions of cryptographic protocols+ *t (ill also provide citi)en access to supplementary

information related to voting (ith standard bro(sers+


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PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Cyber Vote uses different methods of encryption" (hich ensures the security of the

data given to the system" and it ensures voters authentication+ /eparating the database

server from the Cyber Vote server gives the system another security advantage+

0urthermore" Cyber Vote follo(s the secret ballots criteria" (hich separates voter.s

identity from the ballot" (hich maintains the privacy of the voting process+

The 1222 presidential elections forced most of the organi)ations around the (orld

to thin3 of a better (ay of voting that enables as much people to cast their ballots in a

convenient (ay+ *t (as suggested to introduce a system that enables voters to use the

internet to cast their ballots" since the internet is a cheap" fast" and effective (ay to

transfer data +#any researchers have studied the benefits and threats of using internet for

voting +#ost studies raised concerns about voters authentication" security of ballots

during transfer through internet" and maintaining the secret ballot" (hich means to

separate the identity of the voter from the ballot+

Online voting is not a ne( concept +*n the last three decades" studies tried to come

up (ith a (ay to create online voting systems that enable peoples to vote (hile they are

at their homes+ *t (as not until the late 42.s (hen the idea to gro( +/tudies e,pects thatonline voting (ill replace the present voting systems sooner and later+


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EXISTING SYSTEM:

There are many technicals that appear (hen applying remote online voting

systems+

The first issue that can be a threat is a coordinated net(or3 flood+

nother problem that prevents the implementation of online voting is the security on the

other side of the system " the voter terminal

This is probably the toughest challenge facing the developers of those systems+

5iving secrecy of ballots" since other people can (atch the voting process from behind

the voters bac3+

&aving access to computers and internet is another important issue" since access to

internet varies from one class to another in the society (hich might not give accurate

result+

PROPOSED SYSTEM:

0looding any net(or3 can be solved by having a bac3up server that pic3s up as

soon as the other server stops (or3ing+

0urthermore"replacing major servers (ith smaller servers placed according to population

of voters in different areas (ill help stopping any 3ind of coordinate net(or3 flooding+

/ecuring all the voters terminals could be an impossible mission"simply because Voters

run multiple applications on their terminals that might be capable of changing or

manipulating the voting process+


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The most practical solution is to have an online scanning tools that scans the voters

6computer from potential threats before the voters get to cast their votes+

nother solution that can be more time efficient is transmission a tool to the voter.s

computer after that stops all the processes running on the machine"e,cept for the

processes the system runs+

This solution (ill reduce the ris3 of having security problems on the voters terminals"but

it does not eliminate it+

&aving ccess to the internet should not have a huge impact on the voting process if (e

3eep the old fashion (ay by going to polls (here terminals are available"located in the

areas (here computer access is not available as much as other areas+

0or more security purpose *mage !rocessing is used to recogni)e the face of the voters+

Advantages:

Online voting provides convenience" cost-saving" and saves the voters from dealing

(ith heavy traffic" bad (eather conditions" and postal services issues+ 0urthermore" it

helps millions of disabled and blind people to cast their votes (ithout any assistance+


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SYSTEM DESIGN


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INPUT DESIGN

*nput design is a part of overall system design+ The main objective during the

input desings is as given belo(7

To produce a cost-effective method of input+

To achive the highest possible level of accuracy+

To ensure that the input is acceptable and understood by the user+

INPUT STAGES

The main input stages can be listed as belo(7

8ata recording

8ata transcription

8ata conversion

8ata verification

8ata control

8ata transmission

8ata validation

8ata correction

INPUT TYPES

*t is necessary to determine the various types of inputs+ *nputs can be categori)ed

as follo(s7

E,ternal inputs" (hich are prime inputs for the system+


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*nternal inputs" (hich are user communications (ith the system+

Operational are computer department.s communications to the system+

OUTPUT DESIGN

Outputs from computer systems are re9uired primarily to communicate the results

of processing to users+ They are also used to provide a permanent copy of the results for

later consultation+ The various types of outputs in general are7

E,ternal Outputs" (hose destination is outside the organi)ation+

*nternal Outputs (hose destination is (ith in organisation and they are the user.s

main interface (ith the computer+

Operational outputs (hose use is purely (ith in the computer department+

*nterface outputs" (hich involve the user in communicating directly (ith

OUTPUT DEFINITION

The outputs should be defined in terms of the follo(ing points7

Type o t!e o"tp"t

Content o t!e o"tp"t

Fo#$at o t!e o"tp"t

%o&at'on o t!e o"tp"t

F#e("en&y o t!e o"tp"t

)o*"$e o t!e o"tp"t

Se("en&e o t!e o"tp"t


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*t is not al(ays desirable to print or display data as it is held on a computer+ *t should be

decided as (hich form of the output is the most suitable+

SOFT+ARE RE,UIREMENT

Operating /ystem 7 Windo(s %! !rofessional

Environment 7 Visual /tudio +:et 122;

+:et 0rame(or3 7 Version

Web Technology 7 ctive /erver !ages+:et

Web /erver 7 *nternet information /erver =+2

Bac3 End 7 /?$ /erver 122=

-ARD+ARE RE,UIREMENT

!rocessor 7 !entium *V

R# 7 =@1#B

#onitor si)e 7 @A/V5

&ard 8is3 7 ;2 5B

E,tra 8evice 7 C8-RO# =1,


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Operating /ystem 7 Windo(s %!

eyboard 7 @2D standards eyboard

A.OUT ASP/NET

INTRODUCTION OF )ISUA% STUDIO

*n 1221" Visual /tudio too3 the biggest leap in innovation since it (as released"

(ith the introduction of Visual Basic +:ET as it (as renamedF+ fter more than a

decade" Visual Basic (as overdue for a major overhaul+ But +:ET goes beyond an

overhaul+ *t changes almost every aspect of soft(are development+ 0rom integrating

*nternet functionality to creating object-oriented frame(or3s" Visual Basic +:ET

challenged traditional VB developers to learn dramatic ne( concepts and techni9ues+

122= brings us an enhanced Visual Basic language renamed this time Visual Basic

122=F+ :e( features have been added that cement this language.s position as a trueobject-oriented language+ With Visual Basic 122=" it is still going to be a challenge for the

traditional VBG developers to learn" but it is an easy road and boo3s li3e this are here to

help you on your path+ 0irst" it.s necessary to learn the differences bet(een Visual Basic

122= and the older versions+ *n some cases" the same functionality is implemented in a

different (ay+ This (as not done arbitrarilyHthere are good reasons for the changes+ But

you must be prepared to unlearn old habits and form ne( ones+ :e,t" you must be open

to the ne( concepts+ 0ull object orientation" ne( component techni9ues" ne( visual tools

for both local and *nternet interfacesHall of these and more must become part of your

s3ill+

T-E IMPORTANCE OF )ISUA% .ASIC


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Early in the adoption cycle of +:ET" #icrosoft.s ne( language" C>" got the lion.s

share of attention+ But as +:ET adoption has increased" Visual Basic.s continuing

importance has also been apparent+ #icrosoft has publicly stated that they consider

Visual Basic the language of choice for applications (here developer productivity is one

of the highest priorities+ 0uture development of Visual Basic is emphasi)ing capabilities

that enable access to the (hole e,panse of the +:ET 0rame(or3 in the most productive

(ay" (hile C> development is emphasi)ing the e,perience of (riting code+ That fits the

traditional role of Visual Basic as the language developer.s use in the real (orld to create

business applications as 9uic3ly as possible+ This difference is more than academic+

One of the most important advantages of the +:ET 0rame(or3 is that it allo(s

applications to be (ritten (ith dramatically less code+ *n the (orld of business

applications" the goal is to concentrate on (riting business logic and to eliminate routine

coding tas3s as much as possible+ The value in this ne( (orld is not in churning out lots

of codeHit is in (riting robust" useful applications (ith as little code as possible+

AN O)ER)IE+ OF T-E /NET FRAME+OR0

+:ET is a frame(or3 that covers all the layers of soft(are development above the

operating system level+ *t provides the richest level of integration among presentation

technologies" component Technologies and data technologies ever seen on a #icrosoft" or

perhaps any" platform+ /econd" the entire architecture has been created to ma3e it as easy

to develop *nternet applications as it is to develop for the des3top+ The +:ET 0rame(or3

actually I(raps the operating system" insulating soft(are developed (ith +:ET from

most operating system specifics such as file handling and memory allocation+ This

prepares for a possible future in (hich the soft(are developed for +:ET is portable to a

(ide variety of hard(are and operating system foundations+

V/+:ET supports Windo(s 122


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multiple (ays of rendering user and program interfaces+ *n bet(een" there are layers that

provide just about any system-level capability that a developer (ould need+

MICROSOFT /NET

t the base is the common language runtime" often abbreviated to C$R+ This is

the heart of the +:ET 0rame(or3 it is the engine that drives 3ey functionality+ *t includes"

for e,ample" a common system of data types+ These common types" plus a standard

interface convention" ma3e cross-language inheritance possible+ *n addition to allocation

and management of memory" the C$R also does reference trac3ing for objects and

handles garbage collection+ The middle layer includes the ne,t generation of standard

system /ervices such as classes that manage data and E,tensible #ar3up $anguage

%#$F+ These services are brought under control of the 0rame(or3" ma3ing them

universally available and ma3ing their usage consistent across languages+ The top layer

includes user and program interfaces+

Windo(s 0orms is a ne( and more advanced (ay to do standard Win


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FEATURES OF ASP/NET

/!+:ET is the ne,t version of ctive /erver !ages /!FJ it is a unified Web

development platform that provides the services necessary for developers to build

enterprise-class Web applications+ While /!+:ET is largely synta, compatible" it also

provides a ne( programming model and infrastructure for more secure" scalable" and

stable applications+ /!+:ET is a compiled" :ET-based environmentJ (e can author

applications in any +:ET compatible language" including Visual Basic +:ET" C>" and

'/cript+ dditionally" the entire +:ET 0rame(or3 is available to any /!+:ET

application+ 8evelopers can easily access the benefits of these technologies" (hich

include the managed common language runtime environment C$RF" type safety"

inheritance" and so on+

/!+:ET has been designed to (or3 seamlessly (ith WY/*WY5 &T#$ editors

and other programming tools" including #icrosoft Visual /tudio +:ET+ :ot only does this

ma3e Web development easier" but it also provides all the benefits that these tools have to

offer" including a 5K* that developers can use to drop server controls onto a Web page

and fully integrated debugging support+ 8evelopers can choose from the follo(ing t(o

features (hen creating an /!+:ET application+ Web 0orms and Web services" or

combine these in any (ay they see fit+ Each is supported by the same infrastructure that

allo(s you to use authentication schemesJ cache fre9uently used data" or customi)es your

applicationLs configuration" to name only a fe( possibilities+

Web 0orms allo(s us to build po(erful forms-based Web pages+ When building

these pages" (e can use /!+:ET server controls to create common K* elements" and

program them for common tas3s+ These controls allo( to rapidly building a Web 0orm

out of reusable built-in or custom components" simplifying the code of a page+ n %#$

Web service provides the means to access server functionality remotely+ Ksing Webservices" businesses can e,pose programmatic interfaces to their data or business logic"

(hich in turn can be obtained and manipulated by client and server applications+ %#$

Web services enable the e,change of data in client-server or server-server scenarios"

using standards li3e &TT! and %#$ messaging to move data across fire(alls+ %#$ Web

services are not tied to a particular component technology or object-calling convention+


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s a result" programs (ritten in any language" using any component model" and running

on any operating system can access %#$ Web services+ Each of these models can ta3e

full advantage of all /!+:ET features" as (ell as the po(er of the +:ET 0rame(or3

and +:ET 0rame(or3 common language runtime+

ccessing databases from /!+:ET applications is an often-used techni9ue for

displaying data to Web site visitors+ /!+:ET ma3es it easier than ever to access

databases for this purpose+ *t also allo(s us to manage the database from your code+

/!+:ET provides a simple model that enables Web developers to (rite logic that runs at

the application level+ 8evelopers can (rite this code in the global+asp, te,t file or in a

compiled class deployed as an assembly+ This logic can include application-level events"

but developers can easily e,tend this model to suit the needs of their Web application+

/!+:ET provides easy-to-use application and session-state facilities that are familiar to

/! developers and are readily compatible (ith all other +:ET 0rame(or3 !*s+

/!+:ET offers the *&ttp&andler and *&ttp#odule interfaces+ *mplementing the

*&ttp&andler interface gives you a means of interacting (ith the lo(-level re9uest and

response services of the **/ Web server and provides functionality much li3e */!*

e,tensions" but (ith a simpler programming model+ *mplementing the *&ttp#odule

interface allo(s you to include custom events that participate in every re9uest made to

your application+ /!+:ET ta3es advantage of performance enhancements found in

the +:ET 0rame(or3 and common language runtime+ dditionally" it has been designed

to offer significant performance improvements over /! and other Web development

platforms+ ll /!+:ET code is compiled" rather than interpreted" (hich allo(s early

binding" strong typing" and just-in-time '*TF compilation to native code" to name only a

fe( of its benefits+

/!+:ET is also easily factorable" meaning that developers can remove modulesa session module" for instanceF that are not relevant to the application they are

developing+ /!+:ET provides e,tensive caching services both built-in services and

caching !*sF+ /!+:ET also ships (ith performance counters that developers and

system administrators can monitor to test ne( applications and gather metrics on e,isting

applications+ Writing custom debug statements to your Web page can help immensely in


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troubleshooting your applicationLs code+ &o(ever" it can cause embarrassment if it is not

removed+ The problem is that removing the debug statements from your pages (hen your

application is ready to be ported to a production server can re9uire significant effort+

/!+:ET offers the Trace Conte,t class" (hich allo(s us to (rite custom debug

statements to our pages as (e develop them+ They appear only (hen you have enabled

tracing for a page or entire application+ Enabling tracing also appends details about a

re9uest to the page" or" if you so specify" to a custom trace vie(er that is stored in the root

directory of your application+

The +:ET 0rame(or3 and /!+:ET provide default authori)ation and

authentication schemes for Web applications+ We can easily remove" add to" or replace

these schemes" depending upon the needs of our application+ /!+:ET configuration

settings are stored in %#$-based files" (hich are human readable and (ritable+ Each of

our applications can have a distinct configuration file and (e can e,tend the

configuration scheme to suit our re9uirements+

T-E /NET FRAME+OR0

The +:ET 0rame(or3 is a ne( computing platform that simplifies application

development in the highly distributed environment of the *nternet+

O.JECTI)ES OF /NET FRAME+OR0

@+ To provide a consistent object-oriented programming environment (hether

object codes is stored and e,ecuted locally on *nternet-distributed" or e,ecuted remotely+

1+ To provide a code-e,ecution environment to minimi)es soft(are deployment

and guarantees safe e,ecution of code+


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T-E COMMON %ANGUAGE RUNTIME 1C%R2

The common language runtime is the foundation of the +:ET 0rame(or3+ *t

manages code at e,ecution time" providing important services such as memory

management" thread management" and removing and also ensures more security and

robustness+ The concept of code management is a fundamental principle of the runtime+

Code that targets the runtime is 3no(n as managed code" (hile code that does not target

the runtime is 3no(n as unmanaged code+

T-E /NET FRAME +OR0 C%ASS %I.RARY

*t is a comprehensive" object-oriented collection of reusable types used to develop

applications ranging from traditional command-line or graphical user interface 5K*F

applications to applications based on the latest innovations provided by /!+:ET" such as

Web 0orms and %#$ Web services+ The +:ET 0rame(or3 can be hosted by unmanaged

components that load the common language runtime into their processes and initiate the

e,ecution of managed code" thereby creating a soft(are environment that can e,ploit

both managed and unmanaged features+ The +:ET 0rame(or3 not only provides several

runtime hosts" but also supports the development of third-party runtime hosts+ *nternet

E,plorer is an e,ample of an unmanaged application that hosts the runtime in the form

of a #*#E type e,tensionF+ Ksing *nternet E,plorer to host the runtime to enables

embeds managed components or Windo(s 0orms controls in &T#$ documents+

FEATURES OF T-E COMMON %ANGUAGE RUNTIME

The common language runtime manages memoryJ thread e,ecution" code

e,ecution" code safety verification" compilation" and other system services these are all

run on C$R+

/ecurity+


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Robustness+

!roductivity+

!erformance+

SECURITY

The runtime enforces code access security+ The security features of the runtime

thus enable legitimate *nternet-deployed soft(are to be e,ceptionally featuring rich+ With

regards to security" managed components are a(arded varying degrees of trust"

depending on a number of factors that include their origin to perform file-access

operations" registry-access operations" or other sensitive functions+

RO.USTNESS

The runtime also enforces code robustness by implementing a strict type- and

code-verification infrastructure called the common type system CT/F+ The CT/ ensures

that all managed code is self-describing+ The managed environment of the runtime

eliminates many common soft(are issues+

PRODUCTI)ITY

The runtime also accelerates developer productivity+ 0or e,ample" programmers

can (rite applications in their development language of choice" yet ta3e full advantage of

the runtime" the class library" and components (ritten in other languages by other

developers+

PERFORMANCE


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The runtime is designed to enhance performance+ lthough the common language

runtime provides many standard runtime services" managed code is never interpreted+

feature called just-in-time '*TF compiling enables all managed code to run in the native

machine language of the system on (hich it is e,ecuting+ 0inally" the runtime can be

hosted by high-performance" server-side applications" such as #icrosoft /?$ /erverM

and *nternet *nformation /ervices **/F

DATA ACCESS +IT- ADO/NET

s you develop applications using 8O+:ET" you (ill have different

re9uirements for (or3ing (ith data+ You might never need to directly edit an %#$ file

containing data - but it is very useful to understand the data architecture in 8O+:ET+

8O+:ET offers several advantages over previous versions of 8O7

*nteroperability

#aintainability

!rogrammability

!erformance /calability

INTEROPERA.I%ITY

8O+:ET applications can ta3e advantage of the fle,ibility and broad acceptance

of %#$+ Because %#$ is the format for transmitting datasets across the net(or3" any

component that can read the %#$ format can process data+ The receiving component

need not be an 8O+:ET component+ The transmitting component can simply transmit

the dataset to its destination (ithout regard to ho( the receiving component isimplemented+ The destination component might be a Visual /tudio application or any

other application implemented (ith any tool (hatsoever+ The only re9uirement is that the

receiving component be able to read %#$+ /O" %#$ (as designed (ith e,actly this 3ind

of interoperability in mind+


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MAINTAINA.I%ITY

*n the life of a deployed system" modest changes are possible" but substantial"

rchitectural changes are rarely attempted because they are so difficult+ s the

performance load on a deployed application server gro(s" system resources can become

scarce and response time or throughput can suffer+ 0aced (ith this problem" soft(are

architects can choose to divide the serverLs business-logic processing and user-interface

processing onto separate tiers on separate machines+ *n effect" the application server tier

is replaced (ith t(o tiers" alleviating the shortage of system resources+ *f the original

application is implemented in 8O+:ET using datasets" this transformation is made

easier+ 8O+:ET data components in Visual /tudio encapsulate data access functionality

in various (ays that help you program more 9uic3ly and (ith fe(er mista3es+

PERFORMANCE

8O+:ET datasets offer performance advantages over 8O disconnected record

sets+ *n 8O+:ET data-type conversion is not necessary+

SCA%A.I%ITY

8O+:ET accommodates scalability by encouraging programmers to conserve

limited resources+ ny 8O+:ET application employs disconnected access to dataJ it

does not retain database loc3s or active database connections for long durations+

)ISUA% STUDIO /NET


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Visual /tudio +:ET is a complete set of development tools for building /! Web

applications" %#$ Web services" des3top applications" and mobile applications *n

addition to building high-performing des3top applications" you can use Visual /tudioLs

po(erful component-based development tools and other technologies to simplify team-

based design" development" and deployment of Enterprise solutions+ Visual Basic +:ET"

Visual CNN +:ET" and Visual C> +:ET all use the same integrated development

environment *8EF" (hich allo(s them to share tools and facilitates in the creation of

mi,ed-language solutions+ *n addition" these languages leverage the functionality of

the +:ET 0rame(or3 and simplify the development of /! Web applications and %#$

Web services+

Visual /tudio supports the +:ET 0rame(or3" (hich provides a common language

runtime and unified programming classesJ /!+:ET uses these components to create

/! Web applications and %#$ Web services+ lso it includes #/8: $ibrary" (hich

contains all the documentation for these development tools+ %#$ WEB /ERV*CE/

%#$ Web services are applications that can receive the re9uested data using %#$ over

&TT!+ %#$ Web services are not tied to a particular component technology or object-

calling convention but it can be accessed by any language" component model" or

operating system+ *n Visual /tudio +:ET" you can 9uic3ly create and include %#$ Web

services using Visual Basic" Visual C>" '/cript" #anaged E,tensions for CNN" or T$

/erver+

XM% SUPPORT

E,tensible #ar3up $anguage %#$F provides a method for describing structured

data+ %#$ is a subset of /5#$ that is optimi)ed for delivery over the Web+ The World

Wide Web Consortium W


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COMMON %ANGUAE SPEGIFICATION 1C%S2

Visual Basic+:ET is also compliant (ith C$/ Common $anguage /pecificationF

and supports structured e,ception handling+ C$/ is set of rules and constructs that are

supported by the C$R Common $anguage RuntimeF+ C$R is the runtime environment

provided by the +:ET 0rame(or3J it manages the e,ecution of the code and also ma3es

the development process easier by providing services+ Visual Basic+:ET is a C$/-

compliant language+ ny objects" classes" or components that created in Visual

Basic+:ET can be used in any other C$/-compliant language+ *n addition" (e can use

objects" classes" and components created in other C$/-compliant languages in Visual

Basic+:ET +The use of C$/ ensures complete interoperability among applications"

regardless of the languages used to create the application+

IMP%EMENTATION IN-ERITANCE

Visual Basic+:ET supports implementation inheritance+ This means that" (hile

creating applications in Visual Basic+:ET" (e can drive from another class" (hich is

3no(n as the base class that derived class inherits all the methods and properties of the

base class+ *n the derived class" (e can either use the e,isting code of the base class or

override the e,isting code+ Therefore" (ith help of the implementation inheritance" code

can be reused+

CONSTRUCTORS AND DESTRUCTORS

Constructors are used to initiali)e objects" (hereas destructors are used to destroy

them+ *n other (ords" destructors are used to release the resources allocated to the object+

*n Visual Basic+:ET the sub finali)e procedure is available+ The sub finali)e procedure is

used to complete the tas3s that must be performed (hen an object is destroyed+ The sub

finali)e procedure is called automatically (hen an object is destroyed+ *n addition" the

sub finali)e procedure can be called only from the class it belongs to or from derived

classes+


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GAR.AGE CO%%ECTION

5arbage Collection is another ne( feature in Visual Basic+:ET+ The +:ET

0rame(or3 monitors allocated resources" such as objects and variables+ *n addition"

the +:ET 0rame(or3 automatically releases memory for reuse by destroying objects that

are no longer in use+ *n Visual Basic+:ET" the garbage collector chec3s for the objects

that are not currently in use by applications+ When the garbage collector comes across an

object that is mar3ed for garbage collection" it releases the memory occupied by the

object+

O)ER%OADING

Overloading is another feature in Visual Basic+:ET+ Overloading enables us to

define multiple procedures (ith the same name" (here each procedure has a different set

of arguments+ Besides using overloading for procedures" (e can use it for constructors

and properties in a class+

MU%TIT-READING

Visual Basic+:ET also supports multithreading+ n application that supports

multithreading can handle multiple tas3s simultaneously" (e can use multithreading to

decrease the time ta3en by an application to respond to user interaction+ To decrease the

time ta3en by an application to respond to user interaction" (e must ensure that a separate

thread in the application handles user interaction+

STRUCTURED EXCEPTION -AND%ING


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Visual Basic+:ET supports structured handling" (hich enables us to detect and

remove errors at runtime+ *n Visual Basic+:ET" (e need to use TryCatch0inally

statements to create e,ception handlers+

A.OUT S,% 3 STRUCTURED ,UERY %ANGUAGE

FEATURES OF S,% SER)ER 4555

The O$! /ervices feature available in /?$ /erver version A+2 is no( called

/?$ /erver 1222 nalysis /ervices+ The term O$! /ervices has been replaced (ith the

term nalysis /ervices+ nalysis /ervices also includes a ne( data mining component+

The Repository component available in /?$ /erver version A+2 is no( called #icrosoft

/?$ /erver 1222 #eta 8ata /ervices+ References to the component no( use the term

#eta 8ata /ervices+ The term repository is used only in reference to the repository engine

(ithin #eta 8ata /ervices

/?$-/ERVER database consist of si, type of objects"

They are"

TB$E

?KERY

0OR#

RE!ORT

#CRO


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TA.%ES

*n relational database systems 8B/F data are represented using tables relationsF+

9uery issued against the 8B/ also results in a table+ table has the follo(ing structure7

Column @ Column 1 + + + Column n

table is uni9uely identified by its name and consists of ro(s that contain the

stored information" each ro( containing e,actly one tuple or recordF+ table can have

one or more columns+

column is made up of a column name and a data type" and it describes an

attribute of the tuples+ The structure of a table" also called relation schema" thus is defined

by its attributes+

The type of information to be stored in a table is defined by the data types of the

attributes at table creation time+

/?$ uses the terms table" ro(" and column for relation" tuple" and attribute"

respectively+ *n this tutorial (e (ill use the terms interchangeably+

table can have up to 1=D columns (hich may have different or same data types

and sets of values domainsF" respectively+ !ossible domains are alphanumeric data

stringsF" numbers and date formats+ /?$ offers the follo(ing basic data types7

P char nF7 0i,ed-length character data stringF" n characters long+ The ma,imum

si)e for n is 1== bytes 1222 in Oracle;F+ :ote that a string of type char is al(ays

padded on right (ith blan3s to full length of n+ N can be memory consumingF+

E,ample7 char D2F


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P varchar1 nF7 Variable-length character string+ The ma,imum si)e for n is 1222

D222 in Oracle;F+ Only the bytes used for a string re9uire storage+ E,ample7

varchar;2F

P :umber o" dF7 :umeric data type for integers and reals+ o Q overall number of

digits" d Q number of digits to the right of the decimal point+ #a,imum values7 o

Q


25/59

Des'gn )'e6

To build or modify the structure of a table (e (or3 in the table design vie(+ We

can specify (hat 3ind of data (ill be hold+

Datas!eet )'e6

To add" edit or analyses the data itself (e (or3 in tables datasheet vie( mode+

,UERY

9uery is a 9uestion that has to be as3ed the data+ ccess gathers data that

ans(ers the 9uestion from one or more table+ The data that ma3e up the ans(er is either

dynast if you edit itF or a snapshot it cannot be editedF+Each time (e run 9uery" (e getlatest information in the dynast+ ccess either displays the dynast or snapshot for us to

vie( or perform an action on it" such as deleting or updating+

FORMS

form is used to vie( and edit information in the database record by record +

form displays only the information (e (ant to see in the (ay (e (ant to see it+ 0orms

use the familiar controls such as te,tbo,es and chec3bo,es+ This ma3es vie(ing and

entering data easy+

)'e6s o Fo#$

We can (or3 (ith forms in several primarily there are t(o vie(s"

They are"

8esign Vie(

0orm Vie(

Des'gn )'e6


26/59

To build or modify the structure of a form" (e (or3 in forms design vie(+ We can

add control to the form that are bound to fields in a table or 9uery" includes te,tbo,es"

option buttons" graphs and pictures+

Fo#$ )'e6

The form vie( (hich display the (hole design of the form+

SOURCE CODE

-OME PAGE:

ADMIN %OGIN:

using /ystem+Web+K*J

using /ystem+Web+K*+&tmlControlsJ

using /ystem+Web+K*+WebControlsJ

using /ystem+Web+K*+WebControls+Web!artsJ

using /ystem+%ml+$in9J

public partial class dmin$ogin 7 /ystem+Web+K*+!age

U

protected void !age$oadobject sender" Eventrgs eF

U

protected void Button@Clic3object sender" Eventrgs eF

U

if Te,tBo,@+Te,t QQ XdminX Te,tBo,1+Te,t QQ XdminXF

U

Response+RedirectXdmin!age+asp,XFJ


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else

U

Response+WriteX*nvalid Kser*dXFJ

ADMIN PAGE

)OTING DATE DETAI%S

SA)ING DATE DETAI%S

using /ystemJ

using /ystem+CollectionsJ

using /ystem+ConfigurationJ

using /ystem+8ataJ

using /ystem+$in9J

using /ystem+WebJ

using /ystem+Web+/ecurityJ






public partial class Voting8ate8etails 7 /ystem+Web+K*+!age

U

Cls8b$ayer Obj8b Q ne( Cls8b$ayerFJ


U


28/59

7

CA%ENDAR

protected void Calendar@/electionChangedobject sender" Eventrgs eF

U

if Te,tBo,;+Te,t QQ XX Te,tBo,4+Te,t QQ XX Te,tBo,@2+Te,t QQ XX

Te,tBo,@@+Te,t QQ XXF

U

Te,tBo,;+Te,t Q Calendar@+/elected8ate+To/hort8ate/tringFJ

Te,tBo,4+Te,t Q XXJ

Te,tBo,@2+Te,t Q XXJ

Te,tBo,@@+Te,t Q XXJ

else

U

if Te,tBo,4+Te,t QQ XX Te,tBo,@2+Te,t QQ XX Te,tBo,@@+Te,t QQ XXF

U

Te,tBo,4+Te,t Q Calendar@+/elected8ate+To/hort8ate/tringFJ

else

U

if Te,tBo,@2+Te,t QQ XX Te,tBo,@@+Te,t QQ XXF

U

Te,tBo,@2+Te,t Q Calendar@+/elected8ate+To/hort8ate/tringFJ

else

U

if Te,tBo,@@+Te,t QQ XXF

U

Te,tBo,@@+Te,t Q Calendar@+/elected8ate+To/hort8ate/tringFJ


29/59


30/59






using /ystem+8ata+/9lClientJ

public partial class VoterRegistration 7 /ystem+Web+K*+!age

U

Cls8b$ayer obj8b Q ne( Cls8b$ayerFJ


U

$abel@+Te,t Q 8ateTime+:o(+To/hort8ate/tringFJ

string ?uery Q Xselect Reg/tart8ate"RegEnd8ate from Voting8ateXJ

/9l8ataReader dr Q obj8b+/elect?ueryFJ

if dr+ReadFF

U

$abel1+Te,t Q drS2+To/tringFJ

$abel


31/59


U

string ?uery Q Xinsert into

VoterReg0:ame"$:ame"K:ame"!ass(ord"ddress"!hone"EmailF valuesLX N

Te,tBo,@+Te,t N XL"LX N Te,tBo,1+Te,t N XL"LX N Te,tBo,


32/59

string conn Q

Configuration#anager+Connection/tringsSXEmployeeConn/tringX+Connection/tringJ

connection Q ne( /9lConnectionFJ

connection+Connection/tring Q X8ata /ourceQlocalhostJ*nitial

CatalogQCyberVoteJ*ntegrated /ecurityQTrueXJ

string s9l Q X*:/ERT *:TO Empempname"empid"im!hotoF

V$KE/[Emp:ame"[Emp*d"[*m!hotoF /E$ECT [[*8E:T*TYXJ

/9lCommand cmd Q ne( /9lCommandX/pVoterRegX" connectionFJ

cmd+CommandType Q CommandType+/tored!rocedureJ

cmd+!arameters+ddWithValueX[0:ameX" Te,tBo,@+Te,t+TrimFFJ

cmd+!arameters+ddWithValueX[$:ameX" Te,tBo,1+Te,t+TrimFFJ

cmd+!arameters+ddWithValueX[K:ameX" Te,tBo,


33/59

U

connection+CloseFJ

protected void Button1Clic3object sender" Eventrgs eF

U

)OTER PAGE

)OTER %OGIN

SIGN IN

using /ystemJ



using /ystem+8ataJ

using /ystem+$in9J

using /ystem+WebJ





using /ystem+8ata+/9lClientJusing /ystem+8ra(ingJ

using /ystem+/ecurity+CryptographyJ

using /ystem+Component#odelJ

using /ystem+*OJ


34/59

public partial class VoterRegistration 7 /ystem+Web+K*+!age

U


byteS barray@J

byteS barray1J


U


U

string ?uery Q Xselect K:ame"!ass(ord from VoterReg (here K:ame li3e LX N

Te,tBo,@+Te,t N XLand !ass(ord li3e LX N Te,tBo,1+Te,t N XL XJ


if dr+ReadFF

U

Te,tBo,@+Te,t Q drS2+To/tringFJ

Te,tBo,1+Te,t Q drS@+To/tringFJ

Response+RedirectXVoters!age+asp,XFJ

else

U

Response+WriteX*nvalid Kser *dXFJ

*mage@+*mageKrl Q X]^&andler+ash,_:ameQX N Te,tBo,@+Te,tJ

/essionSXaX Q *mage@+*mageKrl+To/tringFJ

P-OTO .RO+SE


35/59

COMPARE

protected void Button1Clic3object sender" Eventrgs eF

U

try

U

Reading Bytes 0rom Kploaded *mages

*mage@+*mageKrl Q 0ileKpload@+!osted0ile+0ile:ameJ

*mage1+*mageKrl Q 0ileKpload1+!osted0ile+0ile:ameJ

if 0ileKpload@+&as0ile 0ileKpload1+&as0ileF

U

using BinaryReader reader@ Q ne(

BinaryReader0ileKpload@+!osted0ile+*nput/treamFF

U

using BinaryReader reader1 Q ne(

BinaryReader0ileKpload1+!osted0ile+*nput/treamFF

U

barray@ Q reader@+ReadBytes0ileKpload@+!osted0ile+Content$engthFJ

barray1 Q reader1+ReadBytes0ileKpload1+!osted0ile+Content$engthFJ

Converting Byte rray To *mage nd Then *nto Bitmap

*mageConverter ic Q ne( *mageConverterFJ

*mageConverter ic Q ne( *mageConverterFJ


36/59

*mage img Q *mageFic+Convert0rombarray@FJ

Bitmap bmp@ Q ne( BitmapimgFJ

*mage img@ Q *mageFic+Convert0rombarray1FJ

Bitmap bmp1 Q ne( Bitmapimg@FJ

0ileKpload@+/aves/erver+#ap!athXimgXF+To/tringF N [X\X N

0ileKpload@+0ile:ameFJ

Calling Compare 0unction

if Class@+Comparebmp@" bmp1F QQ Class@+CompareResult+ciCompareO3F

U

$abel@+Visible Q trueJ

$abel@+Te,t Q X*mages re /ameXJ

Button


37/59

$abel@+Te,t Q e,+#essage+To/tringFJ

GO TO )OTING PAGE

protected void Button


38/59

U

$abel@+Te,t Q 8ateTime+:o(+To/hort8ate/tringFJ

string ?uery Q Xselect Vot/tart8ate"VotEnd8ate from Voting8ateXJ


if dr+ReadFF

U

$abel1+Te,t Q drS2+To/tringFJ

$abel


39/59

%OGOUT

protected void Button


40/59

U

protected void RadioButton@Chec3edChangedobject sender" Eventrgs eF

U

int iJ

if RadioButton@+Chec3ed QQ trueF

U

RadioButton1+Chec3ed Q falseJ

RadioButton


41/59

if RadioButton1+Chec3ed QQ trueF

U

RadioButton@+Chec3ed Q falseJ

RadioButton


42/59

if i ZQ -@F

U

Response+WriteXVoted /uccessfullyXFJ

RadioButton@+Enabled Q falseJ

RadioButton1+Enabled Q falseJ

RadioButtonD+Enabled Q falseJ

else

U

Response+WriteXErrorZTry gainXFJ

protected void RadioButtonDChec3edChangedobject sender" Eventrgs eF

U

int iJ

if RadioButtonD+Chec3ed QQ trueF

U

RadioButton@+Chec3ed Q falseJ

RadioButton1+Chec3ed Q falseJ

RadioButton


43/59

else

U

Response+WriteXErrorZTry gainXFJ

)OTING RESU%T

using /ystemJ



using /ystem+8ataJ

using /ystem+$in9J

using /ystem+WebJ







using /ystem+8ata+/9lClientJ

public partial class VotingResults 7 /ystem+Web+K*+!age

U



U

string ?uery Q Xselect ` from CastVoteXJ


44/59

8ata/et ds Q obj8b+8isplay?ueryFJ

5ridVie(@+8ata/ource Q dsJ

5ridVie(@+8ataBindFJ

protected void 5ridVie(@/elected*nde,Changedobject sender" Eventrgs eF

U


45/59

SCREEN %AYOUT

-OME PAGE:


46/59

8#*: !5E7


47/59

)OTING REGU%ATIONS PAGE:


48/59

)OTING DATE


49/59

RE5*/TER !5E


50/59

VOTER 6/ /*5: *: !5E7


51/59

$*/T !5E


52/59

RE5K$T*O: !5E7


53/59

VOT*:5 !5E


54/59

RE/K$T !5E


55/59

S,% TA.%ES:


56/59


57/59


58/59

CONC%USION:

0rom a proper analysis of positive points and constraints on the component" itcan be safely concluded that the *mage !rocessing is a highly efficient component+ This

application is (or3ing properly and meeting to all user re9uirements+ This component can

be easily plugged in many other systems+


59/59

REFERENCE

8/ )riel Rosenfeld" !icture !rocessing by Computer" :e( Yor37 cademic !ress" @4G4

1+X/pace Technology &all of 0ame7 *nducted Technologies^@44DX+ /pace 0oundation+

@44D+ Retrieved A 'anuary 12@2+

cybervoting.doc

Documents