DIPLOMACY & POWER

STATES & DIPLOMACYWhat is diplomacy? Formal relations between countries Need to be sovereign to engage in

diplomacy Recognize with an Embassy

What is the objective of diplomacy? Promote/ preserve state’s national self-

interest GN have leverage

When did the modern era of diplomacy begin?

Marked by Treaty of Versailles, 1919 ¤

STATES & DIPLOMACYWho’s involved in diplomatic affairs?

Head of government, head of state UK- Prime Minister, Queen Elizabeth

Head representative of a country’s foreign affairs office

Ambassadors Civil servants

Foreign Service Officers ¤

STATES & DIPLOMACY

Different Negotiation EnvironmentsHostile Diplomacy

Armed/potential armedAdversarial Diplomacy

Little chance of conflictCoalition Diplomacy

Cooperation to solve issueMediation Diplomacy

Third party to help in stalemate¤

STATES & DIPLOMACY

Situation Arms Trade Treaty Solar Panels North Korea Peace Talks Bid

Which diplomatic environment matches the situation?

Hostile Diplomacy Adversarial Diplomacy Coalition Diplomacy Mediation Diplomacy

STATES & DIPLOMACYOther examples? Kashmir

Hostile diplomacy Space Junk

Coalition diplomacy Ukraine- Crimea

Hostile diplomacy Indonesia fisheries

Coalition diplomacyPreserving mangroves

Coalition diplomacyCuban Missile Crisis

Hostile diplomacy

http://www.economist.com/node/21562272

Negotiating Power

STATES & NEGOTIATING POWER

Amount of power affects negotiation Perceived v. real Relative Economic Military

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STATES & NEGOTIATING POWER

2- Level Games Both int’l & domestic factors

1st level 2+ states

2nd level Diplomat <---> domestic

population Intermestic issues

Let’s build a road Both levels affect decisions

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NEGOTIATIONS

II II

I

Negotiations take place on two levels:

Greek Diplomat German Diplomat (with hat)

One level of negotiations: EU level bt. diplomats

One level of negotiations: between diplomat & people

One level of negotiations: between diplomat & people

Int’l Level

•Need to coordinate policy

2-LEVEL GAME SITUATION: EUROZONE CRISIS Unhappy Belgians Unhappy Greeks (yaourtoma)

Domestic Level-Greeks

Int’l Level

•Protesting•Gov’t needs to act

•Need to coordinate policy

RECAP

DIPLOMACY & NEGOTIATION: RECAP

•Diplomacy• What it is• Who can engage in it

• State qualities affect negotiation¤