8/4/2019 DA-coffee

1/17

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

2/17

2 | P a g e

Contents:

Introduction: 3

Research Problem 4 Research Hypothesis 4

Coffee Consumption 5

Students 6 Working Class 7 Mean and Standard Deviation 8 Z test(5% margin) 9

Coffee Expenditure 10

Students 11 Working Class 12 Mean and Standard Deviation 13 Z test(5% margin) 14

Comparison 15

Conclusion 16

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

3/17

3 | P a g e

Introduction

Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted seeds, called coffee beans, of

the coffee plant. Coffee beans are found in coffee cherries, which grow on trees

in over 70 countries, cultivated primarily in Latin America, Southeast Asia,and Africa. 'Green Unroasted' coffee is one of the most traded agricultural

commodities in the world. Coffee can have a stimulating effect on humans due

to its caffeine content. It is one of the most-consumed beverages in the world.

Coffee has played a crucial role in many societies. The energizing effect of the

coffee bean plant is thought to have been discovered in the northeast region

of Ethiopia, and the cultivation of coffee first expanded in the Arab world. The

earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking appears in the middle of the 15th

century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen in southern Arabia. From the Muslim

world, coffee spread to Italy, then to the rest of Europe, to Indonesia, and to the

Americas. In East Africa and Yemen, it was used in religious ceremonies. As a

result, the Ethiopian Church banned its secular consumption, a ban in effect

until the reign of Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia. It was banned

in Ottoman Turkey during the 17th century for political reasons, and was

associated with rebellious political activities in Europe.

Coffee berries, which contain the coffee seed, or "bean", are produced by

several species of small evergreen bush of the genus Coffea. The two most

commonly grown are the highly regarded Coffea arabica, and the 'robusta' form

of the hardier Coffea canephora. The latter is resistant to the devastating coffee

leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix). Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed,

and dried. The seeds are then roasted to varying degrees, depending on the

desired flavor. They are then ground and brewed to create coffee. Coffee can be

prepared and presented in a variety of ways.

An important export commodity, coffee was the top agricultural export for

twelve countries in 2004, and it was the world's seventh-largest legal

agricultural export by value in 2005. Some controversy is associated with coffee

cultivation and its impact on the environment. Many studies have examined the

relationship between coffee consumption and certain health conditions; whether

the overall effects of coffee are ultimately positive or negative has been widely

disputed. The method of brewing coffee has been found to be important to its

health effects.

On

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

4/17

4 | P a g e

This report deals with the average consumption of beer and the amount spent

on coffee per week.

A sample size of 100 people was taken in which 50 were students and 50 were

in the working class.

We came out with the results through the Z test which was calculated on the

basis of a questionnaire prepared by us.

RESEARCH PROBLEM:

Increasing consumption of Coffee by Working class even after being aware of

its hazards.

RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS:

Students consume and spend less on coffee than the working class.

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

5/17

5 | P a g e

COFFEE

CONSUMPTION

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

6/17

6 | P a g e

No. Of cups of coffee in a week

StudentsX Frequency FX FX

2

0 5 0 0

4 20 80 320

7 15 105 735

10 7 70 700

14 2 28 392

18 1 18 324

21 0 0 0

50 301 2471

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 4 7 10 14 18 21

Frequency (f)

Frequency (f)

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

7/17

7 | P a g e

Working Class

X Frequency(F) FX FX2

0 1 0 0

4 3 12 487 9 63 441

10 11 110 1100

14 16 224 3136

18 6 108 1944

21 4 84 1764

50 601 8433

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0 4 7 10 14 18 21

Frequency (F)

Frequency (f)

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

8/17

8 | P a g e

Mean and Standard Deviation

MEAN (X) = FX/F

X1=6.02

X2=12.02

X12= (n1X1+n2X2)/n1+n2

X12=9.02

D = (X-X)

D1=-3

D = (X-X)

D2=3

STANDARD DEVIATION ()= [FX2/n(X)2]

1=3.63

STANDARD DEVIATION (2) = [FX2/n(X2)

2]

2=4.92

= [n (2+D2) + n (22+D22)]/ (n+n)

12=5.26

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

9/17

9 | P a g e

Z Test (5% Margin)

z-testis based on the normal probability distribution and is used for judging the

significance of several statistical measures, particularly the mean. The relevanttest statistic,z, is worked out and compared with its probable value (to be read

from table showing area under normal curve) at a specified level of significance

for judging the significance of the measure concerned.

This is a most frequently used test in research studies.z-test is generally used

for comparing the mean of a sample to some hypothesized mean for the

population in case of large sample, or when population variance is known.

z-test is also used for judging the significance of difference between means

of two independent samples in case of large samples, or when populationvariance is known.

z-test is also used for comparing the sample proportion to a theoretical value of

population proportion or for judging the difference in proportions of two

independent samples when n happens to be large.

Z= (X-X)/ [2 (1/n+1/n)]

Z(5% margin)=-5.41

R: Z

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

10/17

10 | P a g e

COFFEEEXPENDITURE

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

11/17

11 | P a g e

Total Expenditure Per Week

Students

X(Rs) Frequency FX FX2

10 5 50 500

30 15 450 13500

50 13 650 32500

100 7 700 70000

150 6 900 135000

200 4 800 160000

300 0 0 0

50 3550 4,11,500

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

10 30 50 100 150 200 300

Frequency (f)

Frequency (f)

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

12/17

12 | P a g e

Working Class

X(Rs) Frequency(F) FX FX2

10 1 10 100

30 4 120 3600

50 10 500 25000

100 15 1500 150000

150 11 1650 247500

200 8 1600 160000

300 1 300 90000

50 5,680 6,76,200

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

10 30 50 100 150 200 300

Frequency (f)

Frequency (f)

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

13/17

13 | P a g e

Mean and Standard Deviation

MEAN (X) = FX/F

X1=71

X2=113.6

X12= (n1X1+n2X2)/n1+n2

X12=92.3

D = (X-X)

D1=-21.3

D = (X-X)

D2=21.3

STANDARD DEVIATION ()= [FX2/n(X)2]

1=56.41

STANDARD DEVIATION (2) = [FX2/n(X2)

2]

2=24.88

= [n (2+D2) + n (22+D22)]/ (n+n)

12=48.52

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

14/17

14 | P a g e

Z Test (5% Margin)

Z= (X-X)/ [2 (1/n+1/n)]

Z(5% margin)=-4.39

R: Z

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

15/17

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

16/17

16 | P a g e

Total Expenditure:

Students : Rs 3550/-

Working Class : Rs5680/-

Students

38%

Working Class

62%

Expenditure

8/4/2019 DA-coffee

17/17

17 | P a g e

Conclusion

After carrying out the research and testing our hypothesis through the Z-test, we

conclude that our hypothesis, Expenditure and Consumption of Coffee by

Students is less than Working Class, is true.

Therefore, our hypothesis is correct.