Daily Life in the Late 1800’s

Chapter 22Section 3

Key Terms Urbanization Romanticism William Wordsworth Ludwig von Beethoven Realism Charles Dickens Leo Tolstoy Henrick Ibsen Impressionism

The Industrial City Raw material were sent

to factories New products

manufactured in factories Products distributed to

buyers Cities needed

› Factories› Large work force› Reliable transportation

network› Stores, offices,

warehouses

The Industrial City Lowell , Massachusetts

one of the first to have all

Growth by textile mill Employed young

women from countryside and new Europeans

Meatpacking in Chicago Population grew from

300,000 in 1850 to 1.7 million by 1900

The Industrial City Pittsburgh,

Pennsylvania for steel Lively and fast paced

› Streetcars, horse drawn carriages

› Merchants› New construction

Population density affected health› Smoky air from coal› Smog kills in 1873 and

1879

Migration to the Cities 1800’s people kept

arriving to avoid› Hunger› Political oppression› discrimination

1870 – 1900 12 million people immigrated

1890 42% of New Yorkers were foreign born

Migration to Cities Most lived a

miserable life on arrival

Jacob Riss describe New York’s apartments and tenements

The Livable City Cities modernized

their water and sewer systems

Plumbing allowed families clean drinking water, toilets and bathtubs

Electricity- vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, electric stoves

The Livable City Living space became

scarce1883 William Le Baron built the first skyscraper in Chicago› 10 stories tall› 4 years later the high

speed elevator was invented

1863 London opened the first subway

The Livable City 1860’s Napoleon III

created parks People in Paris had

a place for healthy recreation

Frederick Olmstead designed parks for the United States

The Suburbs People moved out to

new areas called suburbs

Less crowded, cleaner, quieter

Public transportation helped them grow

1800’s streetcars and ferries linked cities to suburbs

Later were bus and railroad lines

Education and Information Increased

industrialization increased the need for education

Factories needed managers, engineers

Armed forces grew needed leaders who knew about the world

Education and Information People became

involved with Politics 1870 governments

passed laws to educate children

Most countries only required elementary education

Some governments funded high schools

Education and Information Lower class kids only

stayed in school as required by law

Many quit to go to work Vocational and technical

schools gave working class more opportunities

1881 Booker T. Washington founded a school to train African Americans to be teachers

Education and Information Girls in lower

classes lagged behind

Most girls did not go beyond elementary

Few girls in high school took science and math

Women’s colleges started to open

Education and Information Starting printing

newspapers Stories published in

weekly segments kept readers coming back

Pick a newspaper that agreed with your view

Reporting of foreign affairs by telegraph

Made up to date coverage available

Leisure Time Soccer, Football,

baseball became popular

Railroads could transport sports fans

Working class families could take the train for a vacation

Seaside resorts became popular

Leisure Time 1800’s

governments built concert halls and theatres

Public funding made tickets affordable

Museums opened- Louvre in Paris

Change in the Arts 1800’s Romanticism-

emphasis on intuition and feeling

Reaction to enlightenment rationalism and early abuses of Industrial Revolution

Major characteristics› Love of nature› Affection for past› Importance of

imagination

Change in the Arts William Wordsworth-

expressed romantic spirit through poetry

Ludwig van Beethoven- celebrated human freedom in his work

Mid 1800’s realism› Revealed details of

everyday life› No matter how

unpleasant

Change in the Arts Charles Dickens wrote

Hard Times about the struggle of England’s poor › Pollution› Exploitation› Miseries of

industrialization Leo Tolstoy- wrote War

and Peace showed war as horrible and chaotic

Change in the Arts Henrik Iibsen- A Doll’s

House about unfair treatment of women within families

1860 Impressionism New way of looking at

the world Impression of the

scene using light, vivid color, and motion, rather than realistic details