daTo turaSvili

gurji xaTuni

vuZRvni Cems gurji-xaTuns

da ucxoeTSi mcxovreb qarTvel qalebs - yvelaze sevdian emigrantebs de-

damiwaze...

roca udabnos mze tuCebsac dagwvavs, gzaabneuli qaravani dumiliT dagRlis,

qviSebis qari dagibnelebs moparul mTvares, mowyurebuli oazisi dagxvdeba mSrali,

veRar ipovni bavSvobaSi naCuqar varskvlavs, caze gaqreba wakiTxuli sicocxlis xa-

zic, lurji Tvalebic agevseba TeTri cremlebiT - mainc ar mokvde:

me gamixsene...

me mogiyvebi dakargul zRapars aTas erTi grZeli Ramidan...

abu al-bika sabiT ibn ahmad najm ad-din aT-Tiflisi (TbilisSi gardacvlili arabi poeti)

saZirkveli

osmaleTSi manamdec namyofi viyavi, magram gurji-xaTunis Sesaxeb mxolod is vi-

codi, rom cameti wlisa gaaTxoves rumis sulTanze. isic vicodi, rom mecamete sau-

kunis saqarTveloSi, im asakis gogonebs, dRes rom Tineijerebs uwodeben, qalebi er-

qvaT. Tumca, cameti wlis qarTveli mzeTunaxavi, Tundac mecamete saukuneSi, Tundac

seljukebis dedoflobisTvis, mainc ver gavimete. radgan isic vicodi, rom es qorwi-

neba, dedamisis, rusudanis survili iyo, veRar movisvene da osmaleTSi wavedi, sadac

am saqmeSi sando kaci - universiteteli gia janjRava meguleboda (sakonsuloSi) da

Cemi dardiT da bargiT pirdapir gias mivadeqi. bargi cota mqonda, dardi - bevri,

magram saTqmeli bolomde arc damamTavrebina - iseTi rukebi da wignebi gadmomiRo,

aTi dRe sixarulis, gaognebisa da aRtacebisagan xma ar amomiRia. eWvi ki mqonda, mag-

ram mainc ver warmovidgendi, rom gia janjRava CemsaviT maniaki aRmoCndeboda - is

aTi dRe sofel-sofel matara gurji-xaTunis nakvalevze da arqivebsa da muzeumebSi

iseT xelnawerebs miagno, rom vdumdi da vtirodi.

esec ar ikmara da sadme, romelime qveyanaSi Tu romelime wyaro iyo gamocemuli

gurji-xaTunTan dakavSirebiT, gamoiwera da TbilisSi gamomigzavna. TbilisSi mec viw-

vale, magram am wignis avtoroba, zemoTqmulis gamo, gia janjRavas ufro ekuTvnis.

litera gurji xaTuni

yovel SemTxvevaSi, misi rCevebis, daxmarebisa da Tanadgomis gareSe, marTlac veras-

dros mivagnebdi im ucxoel avtorebs, vinc mecamete saukunis koniis sasulTnos vne-

bebi aRwera. swored giorgi janjRavas daxmarebiT Sevecade, Sevxvedrodi Cvens wignSi

aRwerili ambebis TviTmxilvelebsa da monawileebs. samwuxarod, gasagebi mizezebis ga-

mo, mxolod erTi maTgani aRmoCnda cocxali da xSir SemTxvevaSi, maTi ojaxis wev-

rebTan, CamomavlebTan da naTesavebTan gasaubrebas Tu vaxerxebdi. zepir mogonebebze

metad, bunebrivia, werilobiTi wyaroebi mWirdeboda, magram im Svidi saukunis gamo

(ukve rom vaxseneT da gurji-xaTunis epoqamde gvaSorebs), maTi didi nawili gaxunda,

ganadgurda an ubralod gaqra. amitomac cota xniT Sevferxdi kidec, magram mere or-

han pamukis rCeviT, erTi patara udabno movZebne aqve, TbilisTan da qaris mosmena

viswavle. udabnos qarebi marto sityvebs ki ara, Turme frazebs, winadadebebs da am-

bebsac ki imaxsovreben da agroveben. rasac adamianebi kargaven, qarebi inaxaven da yve-

bian. mTavaria mosmena icode; jer siCumis mosmena unda iswavlo, mere ki - qaris. qar-

ma icis ra iyo, ra aris da ra iqneba, radgan roca araferi iyo, iyo mxolod qari -

win yaraias veli, ukan omar xaiami da irgvliv udabnos siCume. vijeqi xolme da vus-

mendi dakargul da daviwyebul sityvebs. roca qarebi yvebodnen gurji-xaTunis ambavs,

maSin ukve vfiqrobdi, rom yovel CvenTagansa hyavs Tavisi gurji-xaTuni, ucxoeTSi

gadaxvewili qarTveli qalebi - yvelaze sevdiani emigrantebi dedamiwis zurgze, usaS-

velod rom enatrebaT es ucnauri miwa da mainc sjeraT, rom kacebi aq isev im kacebs

hgvanan, wasvlamde rom axsovT. maT ar ician, rom Cven SevicvaleT, yvelaferi sxvas

da dros davabraleT da daviviwyeT, rom sinamdvileSi dro erTia da sxva dro arc

arsebobs. arc istoria arsebobs da is Svidi saukunec, gurji-xaTunis epoqas rom

gvaSorebs, ubralod gaqra. da roca dro da manZili qreba, SegiZlia iq icxovro, sa-

dac moisurveb, sadac arasodes yofilxar, magram SegiZlia Svidi saukune im droSi

gaiaro, ra drosac erTi wignis wakiTxvas moandomeb d mTavaria, ar SegeSindes...

visac ar eSinia, man zustad icis, ratom adarebs milorad paviCi wignis weras

arqiteqturas. wignis dawera marTlac hgavs saxlis aSenebas da roca udabnoSi Cawe-

rili zRaprebi Tbilisel mTargmnelebs Camovurige, dro rom ar damekarga, saZirkve-

lamoTxril mSeneblobas mivageni. mSeneblobas rogor ver mivagnebdi axlandel Tbi-

lisSi, an dros rogor davkargavdi da iqve, im axladdawyebuli korpusis mezobel,

karga xnis damTavrebul goslabis SenobaSi, meSvide sarTulze, daviT sayvareliZis

mier repeticiebisTvis naqiraveb oTaxSi, did fanjarasTan magida mivdgi. radgan Sina-

ur weras Sendoba ara aqvs (da arc aravin gaclis), iq, sarepeticio oTaxis did fan-

jarasTan vijeqi da vwerdi. vwerdi ise, rogorc iqve, Cems Tvalwin aSenebdnen saxls

- jer saZirkvels, mere - pirvel sarTuls, mere - meores, mesames...

naTargmni, gadmoqarTulebuli Tu gaTanamedrovebuli teqstebic am wignisa, iq,

goslabis SenobaSi mohqondaT Cems Zvirfas megobrebs da mec iqve, zogs sarTulebs

Soris vamatebdi, zogsac aivnebisa da saxuravisTvis vinaxavdi. zogierTi maTgani kar-

fanjrebsa da kedlebis amoyvanaSi gamoviyene, zogierTi teqsti ki saxlis mopirkeTe-

bas movaxmare. roca aRmovaCine, rom sityva agursac hgavs (Tu saxls aSeneb da wigns

wer), imazec vifiqre, Tu rogori aguri ufro gamodgeboda - Zveli anaseuli an mari-

amiseuli Tu axali, iseTi Tanamedrove, romelsac rusTavis cementic ki advilad gaa-

magrebs. Tumca didxans ar mifiqria, rac ki Zveli aguri mqonda, leqsikonebis daxma-

rebiT axalze gadavcvale da mxolod erTi werili davtove ise, rogorc man Cvenamde

moaRwia. Tumca im gaaxlebul teqstebSi, stilisa da kulturis, xasiaTisa da gemov-

nebis SenarCunebas, maqsimalurad Sevecade da ra gamovida, RmerTma icis. RmerTma isic

2

litera gurji xaTuni

icis, ra awuxebs xaruki murakamis da mTavari albaT is aris, rom Cvenc gavigoT,

Cvenc mivxvdeT, ratom ar arsebobs idealuri teqsti, iseve rogorc idealuri Tavgan-

wirva da teqstis Seqmna ki marTlac wamebaa. sxva Tu araferi es xom namdvilad icis

yvelam, vinc rame teqsts qmnis an teqstis Seqmnas cdilobs. maT Soris mec, magram

Rirs, saSinel wamebadac ki Rirs Tundac erTi, dakarguli adamianis Zebna, rogor ba-

nalurad an paTetiuradac ar unda JRerdes. metic, Tu mweralic verasodes gaxdebi

da mxolod medahamis tvirTs dayabuldebi, maSinac ki, cremlebis Segrovebaze uke-

Tess, verafers izam. am patara wignis dawerac yvelaze metad TaTi ebraliZis erTma

uwyinarma frazam gadamawyvetina, magram maSinve mivxvdi rom is fraza, mxolod erTi

mosmeniT iyo uwyinari da sinamdvileSi ki imden cremls daitevda, ramdensac mkiTxve-

li kiTxvisas daRvris. da marTalic iqneba, radgan Znelad dasajerebelia, rom qar-

Tvel mzeTunaxavs, cameti wlis Tamar rusudanis asuls, SemdgomSi qveynierebis de-

dofals gurji-xaTuns, seljukeTis princze garigebiT gaTxovils, mSobliur saqar-

TveloSi erTi didi dardi mainc ar darCenoda. vin unda yofiliyo is qarTveli biWi,

mxolod varaudiT vicodi da misi moZebna marTlac sakmaod Zneli iyo, magram siyva-

ruls erTi lamazi Tvisebac aqvs - igi arasodes qreba da ikargeba, Svidi saukunec

rom gavides, is mainc arsebobs, Tu im Svidi saukunis Semdegac arseboben adamianebi,

visac siyvaruli SeuZlia...

astrologi bibi munajime (cnobili mogzaurisa da sparsulenovani istorikosis ibn-bibis deda)

cxeli ivlisis swored im Rames, roca Cemi vaJiSvilis dabadeba ineba RmerTma,

pirvelad davinaxe koniis caze is TeTri varskvlavi, Cveni dedoflis saxeli rom

hqvia. radgan sulTanmac isurva da mec guliT mewada, gurji xaTunis sadideblad mna-

Tobis qeba, Cems aRmoCenil varskvlavs me vuwode misi saxeli. pirvelma xom dedo-

falma miTxra, rom usaTuod Ze meyoleboda, rogorc vocnebobdi, da ara asuli da

rom mis samSoblo gurjistanSi Turme mucliT winaswarmetyveleben vaJianobas. netav

gurjistanis cazec Tu moCans Cveni dedoflis varskvlavi, netav iqidanac Tu ase la-

mazia gurji-xaTuni...

misioneri juzepe karbone

es qarTveli biWi, romelic aqauri didgvarovani kacis Svilia da romelzec ukve

gwerdiT, albaT Semodgomaze koniisken gamoemgzavreba da vrcel baraTsac, vatikanSi

warsadgenad, am biWs gamovatan. axla ki mokled getyviT, kidev ra moxda am ucnaur

qveyanaSi, sadac meoTxe welia misias aRvasruleb da mainc veraferi gavuge am xalxsa

da aqaur xasiaTs. es biWic, kargad ici, rom verafriT daviTanxmeT, Sedgomoda WeSma-

rit RmerTs papis eklesiis qveS da daegdo berZnuli, magram weliwadnaxevari sul

amaod davSveriT. es biWi, murza, aRmosavleTiberielia da iseTi gavleniani gvaris

3

litera gurji xaTuni

Svilia, rom diaRac Zlier gvsurda misi moqcevisa gamo namdvils qristianobaze, didi

mfarveli hyoloda Cvens misions qarTvelebis miwaze. magram es biWi, murza, romelsac

sruli saxeli murzayani hqvia da gvariT ki orbelianebs ekuTvnis, kalabrieliviT

jiuti gamodga da Cven mainc xom viciT, rogori Zneli gasatexia kalabriuli sijiu-

te da bolos xelic CaviqnieT. CvenTan ki mainc stumrobda xolme, magram religiis

Temebze aRar vsaubrobdiT, anki ra azri hqonda ymawvil kacTan kamaTs da mxolodRa

madlobas vuxdidiT ZRvenisa da yuradRebisaTvis. erTi kviris win ki, sruliad mou-

lodnelad gangvicxada, rom metad mowadinebulia SeerTebisa dasavleTisa da aRmosav-

leTis eklesiebisa da Tu es ar moxdeba, igi iZulebuli iqneba dautevos berZnuli

mrwamsi, romelic qarTvelebis qveyanaSi aris gabatonebuli da mzadaa aRiaros papi,

rogorc qristeanTa miwieri ufali. ra Tqma unda, gagvakvirva qarTveli biWis sity-

vebma, magram misma survilma WeSmariti sarwmunoebis Ziebisa, didad gagvaxara. am am-

biTgan mesame dRes ki pirdapir gviTxra, rom guliT swadia imsaxuros koniaSi, Cvens

misionSi, romelsac selCukTa sulTnis mfarveloba ar aklia da sadac Tqven, Zmao

luka, Tqvenis RvawliT aZlierebT qristes savanes. ar vici, es biWi murza ratom

aris mowadinebuli maincdamainc rumis sasulTnoSi imsaxuros da arc is vici, Tqven

ra gadawyvetilebas miiRebT amasTan dakavSirebiT, magram Semodgomaze rom igi konias

moemgzavreba, danamdvilebiT viciT da ai ratom: qarTvelTa mefis rusudanis asuli

Tamari, romelic mxolod cameti wlisaa da friad imsaxurebs qebaTa qebas, selCukTa

ufliswulze iqorwinebs am SemodgomiT. am werilsac swored am mizniT Tqvensken mo-

maval gorel didvaWars, anakuS mamikunians gamovatanT da vilocebT, rom man, Tavis

patara qaravanTan erTad, mSvidobiT CamoaRwios sasulTnos dedaqalaqamde.

gzebze didi SfoTi ar unda iyos, magram axla iseTi droa, rom zedmeti sif-

rTxile aravis avnebs. darwmunebiT jer veraferi miTxra gorelma vaWarma, magram

vTxove, rom Tu baiburTs gzad gamoivlian, iqaurs monasterSi TqvenTvis datovebuli

daviTis fsalmunTa wignic koniaSi wamogiRon. am anakuS mamikunians davalebuli aqvs

qarTuli samefo karisagan pirveli ZRvenis mirTmeva sulTanisa da ojaxisaTvis da eg-

recve saboloo piroba-SeTanxmeba qorwinebisa. es qorwineba-damoyvreba aris umTavresi

ambavi, rasac yvelani giamboben saqarTveloSi da warCinebuli Tu mdabio am garigeba-

zed dausruleblad hyvebian kidec. aq Zlier uyvarT Wori da ciliswameba erTmaneTsa

zeda, viTarca TavSesaqcevi, gasarTobi ram da xSirad amdagvaradac xalisoben. Tumca

ver vityvi, rom boroti xalxia, magram sakuTar Tavs xSirad mtroben da ver ki

xvdebian, rom yvela maTi ubedurebis saTave Suria da ampartavnoba. SarSanac, saaR-

dgomod, TqvenTvis rom telefis cxvari unda gamogvegzavna, swored mavan qarTvelTa

ampartavnobas Seewira es Cveni keTili ganzraxva - piradad darwmunebuliyaviT, rom

WeSmaritad arsebobs imereTSi adgili, romelsac telefs etyvian da iqaurs cxvars

marTlac ara aqvs suni igi satanuri da TqvenTan mopaeqre mamebsac advilad daumtki-

cebdiT, rom usuno cxvari araTu mxolod skotebisa da velSebis qveyanaSi arsebobs,

aramed am mSveniers saqarTveloSic. sxvaTa Soris, qarTvelebs naTesavebadac moudian

skotebi da velSebi, iseve rogorc zogierTi tomi ispaniisa da Tu vatikanSi dainte-

resdebian da Tqveni survilic iqneba, dawvrilebiT SemiZlia Semdgom relacionSi

utyuari dasabuTeba xsenebulis naTesaobisa. axla ki, radganac mamikunianis gamyolic

maCqarebs da mec Tavs SeuZlod vgrZnob, weras aq gavasruleb da rogorc dagpirdiT,

SemodgomisTvis wvrilad aRvwer qarTvelTa qveyanasa da xasiaTs, wesebsa da cxovrebas va-

tikanSi warsadgenad da im vrcels moxsenebas am biWs murzas, TqvenTan gamovatan. agreTve

mogiTxrobT ambavs TaTarTa Semosevisa qarTvelTa qveyanaSi, ris gamoc es qveyana orad

4

litera gurji xaTuni

gahyves urjuloebma, visi saxelic kargad aravin icis da amer-imerni iberielni maT moi-

sar tomad moixsenebs, radgan es momxduri xalxi marjved xmarobs mSvild-isars da aRmo-

savleT saqarTvelo ki srulad moaoxres. dasavleT iberiaSi ki mefe rusudani jiutad

ar isurvebs sxvaTa batonobas Tavis samefosa zeda da sxva qveyanas eZebs urjuloTa wi-

naaRmdeg zavisaTvis. vilocebT Tqveni da Cveni mSvidobisaTvis.

istorikosi kaxa buaCiZe

qarTuli samefo karis pirveli selCuki (an seljuki) siZe iyo davud moRis ed-

dini - vaJi arzrumis mflobelis - ToRril Sahisa. qarTvelebma rusudanis saqmrod,

mravalricxovan kandidatebs Soris, swored masze SeaCeres arCevani da SirvanSahTan

manamde Sepirebuli niSnobac ki CaSales. rogorc Cans davud moRis ed-dini siZed

Zlier moewona samefo kars da Tavad moRis ed-dinsac gagiJebiT Seuyvarda mSvenieri

rusudani. faqtia, rom qarTveli colis gamo, selCukma ufliswulma uaryo mahmadia-

noba da 1223 wels isini qristianulad SeuRldnen. jer SeeZinaT asuli Tamari, Sem-

deg ki - Ze daviTi. magram maTi ojaxuri bedniereba didxans ar gagrZelebula da ori

wlis Semdeg, rusudanis surviliTa da iniciativiT, selCuki siZe tfilisis cixeSi

aRmoCnda. 1226 wels 9 marts, roca monRolTagan devnilma xvarazmelma jalaledinma

saqarTvelos dedaqalaqi aiRo, dapatimrebuli moRis ed-dini gaaTavisufla da quTais-

Si gagzavna rusudanTan mosalaparakeblad. rogorc ~qarTlis cxovrebis~ qarTveli

avtoric aRiarebs, rusudani qmars siZvasa da garyvnilebaSi daxvda. rogor moiqca mo-

Ris ed-dini gaurkvevelia, radgan zogierTi wyaro (maT Soris qarTulic) adastu-

rebs, rom selCukma siZem mainc ar uaryo qristianoba, zogi wyaros Tanaxmad ki piri-

qiT - ganrisxebuli moRis ed-dini isev mahmadiani gaxda. Tumca, jalaledinisTvis uk-

ve sul erTi iyo religiuri kuTvnileba - Tu dasawyisSi tfilisis mxolod qristi-

anuli mosaxleoba amoJlita, cota xanSi tfilel mahmadianebsac daayrevina Tavebi da

qarTvelTa mahmadiani ymadnaficebic mixvdnen, rom es kaci sulac ar iyo kavkasiaSi

mahmadianTa dasacavad mosuli. cota xanSi qurTebma Suri iZies da basianis mTebSi

mokles jalaledini, magram mSvidoba saqarTveloSi didxans mainc ar gagrZelebula -

ramdenime weliwadSi erTxel ukve gamoCenili monRolebi isev dabrundnen saqarTve-

loSi da amjerad ukve didi xniT. samwuxarod, mefe rusudani dedis, Tamarisagan gan-

sxvavebiT, ver aRmoCnda SorsmWvreteli politikosi da nacvlad selCukebTan mekavSi-

reobisa dampyrobel monRolTa winaaRmdeg, monRolebi waaqeza rumis sasulTnos da-

sarbevad. rumis selCukebi, bunebrivia, ganarisxa rusudanis saqcielma da sulTnis

jarebma saqarTvelos teritoriebs samxreT-dasavleTidan Semouties. rusudani dedis,

Tamar mefisagan gansxvavebiT, verc kargi mTavarsardali gamodga da Semoseuli mezob-

lebis SeCereba ver SeZlo. amitomac iTxova zavi sulTan gias (an yias) ed-din qaiqu-

bad (an qaiyubad) pirvelTan da naTesaoba, damoyvreba da mSvidoba SesTavaza koniis

mbrZanebels. selCukTa samefo karma rusudanis winadadeba sixaruliT miiRo, radgan

saqarTvelos, rogorc uZlieresi saxelmwifos miTi jer kidev arsebobda mTels aR-

mosavleTSi da qarTveli qalis silamaze ki cqeriT rom ar cvdeba, dasavleTSic

icodnen. magram rusudan mefe dedis, Tamarisagan gansxvavebiT, arc erTgulebiTa da

patiosnebiT gamoirCeoda, rogorc wyaroebSic naTlad Cans da nacvlad keTilganwyo-

5

litera gurji xaTuni

bis Ziebisa mezobel islamur garemocvaSi, isev Soreuli mekavSiris povna gadawyvita

da umartivesi WeSmariteba ver gaiTvaliswina - sxvas maSin sWirdebi, roca Zlieri

xar da sustebs ki, mxolod wignebSi exmarebian...

anakuS mamikuniani (albaT rusudan mefis mstovari)

wigni Tqvengan miwerili uwmidesi papisadmi gzad raodenimejer xifaTsa da gan-

sacdels swored rom saswaulebriv gadaurCa. erTxel swored rom RvTis wyaloba

iyo, cocxlebi rom davrCiT da didi SiSi ki gamovscadeT. padri juzepes Txovnis aR-

sruleba gvewada baiburTsSi gavliT da iqiTgan ki sivasis gzazed rogorc ki gamove-

liT, avazakni dagvixTnen beduinebsaviT Semosili. gakvirvebulman vifiqreT, rom aq

udabnos beduini saidan sadao da Cveni eWvic gamarTlda. Cveni samosis gamo sulac

glaxakni vegoneT da arc ifiqres albaT, rom Zvirfasi ram ZRveni migvqonda koniaSi

da sadaurobis gamokiTxva ki dagviwyes. movaxseneT, rom Tqueni ymebi viyaviT da bei-

lerjes veSurebodiT naTesavebis xilvas. SemogbedavT rom Tqueni saxelis xsenebam

erTi avazakTagani Zlier ganarisxa da pirdapir cofi hyara - gurjebis mefe mohamedi-

anT sdevnis da aviwroebs, mowyale dedis saxeli sruliad daiviwyao. me vupasuxe,

rom gurjebis qveyanaSi mohamadianebi iseTs mSvidobasa da pativsSi scxovroben, ro-

gorc Tamarisa da daviTis Jams da ara ars Zala igi eSmakeuli, romelic mefesa Cuen-

sa rusudans acTunebs danTxevad mohamedianTa sisxlisa.

- maS rad iltvian iqidgan alahis Zeni! - araTu ikiTxa, kidev metis ganrisxebiT

gviyvira avazakTaganma da Cuen vifiqreT, rom es beduinsaviT Semosili afTrebi aso-a-

sod ahkuwvidnen Cvens xorcs da Cuen ara vaglax sicocxles Cuensas, aramed Tqvenis

didebulebis brZanebis araRsrulebas vdardobdiT mwared. maSin vTxove avazakT, moe-

caT ufleba locvisa mokvdinebis win da ra muxli moviyareniT locvad da movemzade-

niT sikuidilis miRebisTvis, man ganrisxebulma avazakTagan sTqua, rom me ara vhgavdi

pirisaxiTa romelime iberiels, arca Tu lazsa. - me var tomiT somxisa anu armeniisa

Sobili qarTlsa Sina, qalaqad gorsa, - vupasuxe avazaksa da igi aRar iyo ganrisxe-

buli, aramed ixara friad; ixara, viTarca SeeZlo gaxareba gzazed Camomdgar yaCaRsa

imisa gamo, rome amden iberiels Soris viyavi mun erTi mgzavri somxis tomisa da es

iyo WeSmaritad RvTis neba da neba Tqvenis didebulebisa, romelmanca gvixsna mekobre-

Tagan.

xolo darCenili gza koniamde ganvvleT mSvidobiT da uxifaTod vuwieT seljuk-

Ta sataxtos, romelica iyo mgloviareT sulTnis udrooT micvalebisa gamo. amito-

mac ZRveni igi Zvirfasi, Tqvengan boZebuli, mivarTviT Tqvens momavals siZes, rome-

lic sul male taxtzed ava da ekurTxeba, xolo SemodgomiT ki yias ed-din qeixus-

rev meore qorwils gardixdis.

koniaSi dia smeniaT siturfe Tqvenisa asulisa da ezomis sixaruliTa moelian

axals diofalsa yovlni pirni ama qveynisa. marTlad giTxrobT, selCukTa ymawvili

mefeca turfa ars friad pirisaxiTa, agreve taniTa alviTa da orniTve ki iqmnebian

viTarca mze da lomi.

6

litera gurji xaTuni

yovlgan sadamdisca iTqmoba saxeli da didebai Tqueni, pativiTa da madlierobi-

Ta xvTebodes monaTa da ymaTa Tquenisa didebulebisa da saqmesa amas Semowmebis esre-

ca wigni, romelsaca vswerde vire wvadi Seiwodes xaravazuli.

agreca msurdes SemogbedoT aja igi da madrieloba, rome ara ujerebdesT dide-bulTa, romelica xSirad getyodian Cemisa mokveTasa viTarmed somxisa. nuTumca ara

somxobai Cemi, Tqueni brZaneba ara aResrulebis da wigni papisa mimarT da ZRueni igi

Zvirfasi, gaxTebodis sajijgnaT mekobreTa. meleqse SoTa brZanebs, rome ar saqmneli

ar iqmnebiso, magra mekobreTgan gamoxsna araodes iqmnebodes, nuTumca ara somexTa

msaxureba romelTa yovli gmorCilobdes guliTa keTiliTa.

sagazrdilosa Sina mSvidobiT mosvlisa Semdgom aRgiweroT igi queyanai TurqTa

da manamdis ki SevsTxovdeT ufalsa sicocxlesa Tquensa.

abu al-bika sabiT ibn ahmad najm

ad-din aT Tiflisi

Tiflisi imitom aris naxsenebi Cems saxelSi, rom bolos aq, TbilisSi davsax-

ldi, magram Cveni gvari warmoSobiT avRanuria. mec iq, CrdiloeT avRaneTSi davibade

mecamete saukunis dasawyisSi, roca Cemi mSobliuri xoresani sparseTs ekuTvnoda da

leqsebis wera ki arabulad daviwye da ara sparsulad. albaT imitom, rom yvelani ma-

Sin sparsulad werdnen, avRanelebic ki da arabulad wera raRac romantiulsa da

protestantuls hgavda. Tanac arabuli muhamedis mSobliuri ena iyo da dRemde arabi

poeti mqvia. wera ki adre daviwye - Svidi wlisas maxsovs, rom ukve asoebi gamomyavda

mamaCemisagan waqezebuls da Zalian mixaroda. mamaCemi sufi iyo - mimdevari maSin

mTels aRmosavleTSi saxelganTqmuli RvTismetyvelisa, romelsac erqva muhamad ibn

husain al-xaTabi al-balxi. am ukanasknelis ojaxSi ki daibada swored didi mevlana -

msoflios udidesi poeti, romelzec Tqven mekiTxebiT da romlis sruli saxelic

aris mevlana jelal ad-din mohamad mevlevi balxi rumi. balxi erqva im patara qa-

laqs avRanur xoresanSi, sadac geniosTan erTad, mezobel saxlSi 1207 wels davibade

da gavizarde. marTalia, ukve Svid saukuneze meti gavida, magram bavSvoba mainc kar-

gad maxsovs da rac mTavaria, misi bavSvoba maxsovs Zalian kargad. Cemgan gansxvavebiT

man sparsulad daiwyo wera da rumis arCevani aravis gaukritikebia. mas rumis saxe-

liT icnobs mTeli msoflio da mec ase movixsenieb, radgan TviTonac yvelaze xSirad

sakuTari saxelis bolos rumis awerda. maSin yvela musulmani mcire azias da anato-

lias rumis uwodebda, xolo seljukTa saxelmwifos ki - rumis sasulTnos. didi

mevlana bolos swored seljukTa dedaqalaq koniaSi dasaxlda, magram jer imas mo-

giyvebiT, rac manamde iyo. Cven rom balxi davtoveT, umizezod ar momxdara - rumis

mamam qadagebaSi xvarazmelebi gaakritika, imaT ki devna dauwyes da rom ar wamovsu-

liyaviT, moklavdnen kidec. gana maSin ar daaxrCobina faxrad ad-din razma amudariaSi

yvela, vinc ar moswonda? gana xvarazmeli ar iyo Cveni geniosis sexnia jelaledini,

rom mileTis xalxi mtkvarSi gadahyara? egre iyo. cota areulad vyvebi, magram Svi-

dasi wlis winandeli ambebia da vRelav. Cvenc rom ar amovexoceT xvarazmelebs, bal-

xidan wamovediT - meqas movilocebTo, magram ukan arasodes davbrunebulvarT. sxvaTa

7

litera gurji xaTuni

Soris, gurgen-xanis dros, iq, CrdiloeT avRaneTSi, qarTvelebi dasaxldnen. SarSan,

amerikelebi rom bombavdnen avRaneTs, aq, TbilisSi yvelas veubnebodi, - egeni is qar-

Tvelebi arian, avRanelebi rom gaxdnen-meTqi, magram maT vinRa uSvelida. mokled bal-

xidan xvarazmelebs gamovaswariT da pirvelad niSapurSi CavediT, xaiamis qalaqSi.

romc davrCeniliyaviT, monRolebs mainc ver gadavurCebodiT da niSapurSi ormocni

CavediT - ZiriTadad rumis mamis mimdevrebi da maTi ojaxis wevrebi. im dros niSa-

purSi cxovrobda didi sufi poeti da maswavlebeli fari ed-din aTari, visTanac

ramdenime dRiT gavCerdiT da mas Zalian akvirvebda patara rumis codna da goniereba.

ise moewona moazrovne bavSvi, rom maxsovs Tavisi saidumloTa wigni aCuqa mas da amis

Semdeg Cven male davtoveT niSapuri. ukve baRdadSi viyaviT, roca gavigeT, rom niSa-

puri monRolebma daikaves da poeti aTari, romelmac pirvelad uwinaswarmetyvela di-

di geniosis momavali patara rumis, wamebiT mokles. roca aTari tyved Caigdes, igi

as oci wlisa iyo. erT monRols Turme moxuci poeti Seecoda mosaklavad da aTas

monetad gamosyidva daupirebia, magram TviTon aTars gascinebia - erT monetadac ara

vRirvaro. is monRoli ki, amis gamo, ise ganrisxda Turme, rom iqve Tavi mohkveTa po-

ets. maSin Tqva rumim aTaris Sesaxeb: ~man siyvarulis Svidi qalaqi ganvlo, Cven ki

mxolod siyvarulis erTi quCa gaviareT...~

maSin Cven ukve baRdadSi viyaviT...

abdula albani (rusudanis didoeli ymadnafici)

ese dawerili me, uRirsman abdulaman albanman dagiwere Sen mefeT mefesa rusu-

dan mas Jamsa, odes gamgzavne samsaxurad CiRosa, sada didi moviWirve da Wirni vnaxen,

vire TuSni Seityobdian Cemsa zraxvasa da ymadnaficobasa Sensa. odes icnian asre, vna-

xi igi ukeTesni cxenni TuSTa, magra vera vaqo amod Senda ukeTu gsurdes cxenni igi

mziTvad asulisa Senisa turfa Tamarisa. saca Sevidi, metyodian TuSni qebasa yabar-

dosa cxenisa, magra arabulisa ufrore. amadaca veCqareni TavreJsa da mivendiv bedsa

da arad Cavagdeni simZimili gzaTa, TucaRa vnaxi mklveli igi mTrvali bevrica mizez-

Ta gareSe. xolo TavreJsa Sigan myofi amis metsa aras gnukev, ismine Cemi Txrobili

dia zRaparTa Sesaxeb arabulTa cxenTa, romelnica ara iefi iyvnes, magra gaaocebdes

siZesa Sensa da selCukTa koniasa. ese cxenni arabulni beduinTa gamozrdilni arian

da Se-viT-vatyve mswrafl icnobian aRmarTulis kudiTa, TaviTa amayiTa, saxiTa Txe-

liTa, cxviriTa lamaziTa. xolo jabansa cxensa Soris arabulTa, vera Sexvdebian Ze

xorcielTa. aramed arian mkvircxlni, gamZleni, amtanni da omsa Sina ukeTesni da sak-

virvelni friad sacqerelad wrvilni kiserni maTni ufrore TeTrisa ferisa. amadac

geajebi muxlmoyriTa, rome asulisa Senisa turfasa TamarisaTvis vera isurvo mziTvi

metadre Zvirfasni amisa. egreTveca mqondes aja ismino anbavi salukTa, romelni arian

erTaderTni rigni ZaRlTa ara uwmindurisa mohamadis mileTsa da romelsa etyvian

sparsulsa. radganca mociqulman mohamad daswyevlna ZaRlni, viTa uwminduri arseba

igi, TaTarni ekrZalvian maTTa yolasa, magra saluksa, romeli iyvnes WeSmaritad war-

mtacni, aqebdes da adidebdes yoveli mohamedianni. saxlsa Sina ros puri sWamon, je-

reT kacni dasxTen, kvlav ZaRlni salukni, merme ki colni da sxvani. esreT pativsa

8

litera gurji xaTuni

Sigan iyvnes ZaRlni sparsTa, romel iwodebodes saluk. radganca momavali siZe Seni

qaixusrev mohamediani iyvnes sulTani selCukTa, didad gaixarebdes ZRvensa salukTa,

garna cxenTa arabulTasa. orniv erTad ki, salukni sparsulni da cxenni arabulni,

dia iqnebodes misTvis ZRueni uZvirfasesni.

amadac geajebi Tanxmobasa mefeT mefesa rusudansa uRirsi mona Seni, TavreJsa

mdgomi amJamadac momlodine Senisa brZanebasa.

fatima binTi nasredini (xoja, igive mola nasredinis SviliSvili)

papaCemis, xoja nasredinis Sesaxeb wignis dawera imitom gadavwyvite, rom misi

gardacvalebis Semdeg ara mxolod mTels anatoliaSi, aramed mTels islamur samya-

roSi da urjuloTa qveynebSic ki, uamravi Wori da tyuili gavrcelda misi cxovre-

bis Sesaxeb. igi sicocxleSive iyo imdenad popularuli, Zvirfasi da sayvareli yve-

lasaTvis rom yvela frazasa Tu ambavs, rac adamianebs moswondaT, papaCems miawerdnen

xolme. dedisagan msmenia da xSirad TviTonac gakvirvebuli yofila, radgan zogjer

imasac ~abralebdnen~, rac arasodes uTqvams da arasodes Caudenia. miuxedavad imisa,

rom papas bevri lamazi istoria da gamonaTqvami ~dabralda~, mainc mirCevnia, rom

xalxma icodes mxolod simarTle, icodes is, rac sinamdvileSi iyo; icodes is, Tu

sinamdvileSi rogori iyo papaCemi xoja nasredini - amiT mis saxelsa da didebas ara-

feri daakldeba. xalxsac igi iseTi uyvarda da uyvars, rogoric sinamdvileSi iyo -

ubralo da keTili, brZeni da mowyale, niWieri da mosiyvarule. da rac mTavaria, Ta-

visufali, iseTi Tavisufali, rogorc aravin mis garSemo, sadac misi xumroba da si-

laRe iyo adamianTa sulisa da gonebis sazrdo. aseTad gaicno papaCemi jer mcire

aziam, mere otomanTa mTelma qveyanam da mere msofliom. rumis sasulTnoSi pirvelad

papaCemis Sesaxeb 1236 wels alaparakdnen, roca igi keisariaSi Cavida qorwilze da-

saswrebad sruliad daupatiJeblad. Tvrameti wlis soflel, maSin yvelasaTvis ucnob

biWs, bunebrivia, sulTnis qorwilze aravin dapatiJebda, magram Turme mTels anato-

liaSi imdens laparakobdnen sulTan qaixusrevis momaval, mzeTunaxav colze, rom

axalgazrda papis gulma veRar gauZlo da keisariaSi joriT wavida, raTa sakuTari

TvaliT enaxa cameti wlis princesa gurjistanidan, romlis msgavsi Turme arc manam-

de Sobila da arc mere. seljukebs sataxto qalaqi koniaSi hqondaT, magram qorwili

ratomRac keisariaSi gamarTes da papaCems rom Tavisi joriT CauRwevia iq, didi wveu-

leba ukve dawyebuli yofila. magram papa nasredini ar dabneula da imdeni mouxerxe-

bia, rom xelmwife-dedofalTan yvelaze axlos mokalaTebula. maspinZlebs albaT pa-

tarZlis amalidan egonaT es ucxo kaci da iberiel patarZals ki sulTnis sapatio

stumari. pirveli flavi rom moumTavrebia papas da suli mouTqvams, pirveli xumro-

bac mousinjavs. sulTans ise gulianad gascinebia, rom mere papaCemi aRarc gaCerebu-

la da meore dRes ki keisariaSi da mTels sasulTnoSi, sadac qarTveli mzeTunaxavis

siturfes axsenebdnen, iqve imasac amatebdnen, Turme qorwilSi viRac xorTueli ymaw-

vili kaci yofila da ise moalxina nadimi, rom TviTon sulTani exveweboda im nasre-

dins, gaCerdi, Torem stumrebi sicilisgan damexrCobian da qorwili CameSlebao.

sulTanma maSin gamohkiTxa papas, vin iyo da saidan. mere Tavisi piradi salarodan

9

litera gurji xaTuni

misca swavlis fuli jildod da aqSehirSi gaistumra. papaCemma maSin aqSehirSi iswav-

la alahis kanonebi da yadi gaxda. mere filosofiac iswavla da mosamarTlis garda

qaTibadac muSaobda sirvixisarSi. sirvixisarTan iyo is sofeli xorTu, sadac sinam-

dvileSi daibada, magram istorikosebi mainc yvelgan weren, rom aqSehiri misi mSob-

liuri qalaqia. sinamdvileSi ki igi xorTuSia dabadebuli da ara sivraSi. sivra xom

angorasTan aris axlos da es versiac albaT amitom gaCnda. Tumca, nasredinis dabade-

bis adgili imdenad sakamaTo ar aris, rogorc gardacvalebisa da dakrZalvisa. Cveni

wignis Semdeg Tavsac gardacvalebis versiebiT daviwyebT.

JamTaaRmwereli (~qarTlis cxovreba~)

amaT JamTa Sina moeyvana mefesa rusudans toRrilis Svili mZevlad erTgulobi-

saTvis, romel iyo qmnul keTili da sruli asakiTa, Suenieri guamiTa, mxne da Zlie-

ri ZaliTa da rusudan ineba qmarad miyvaneba misi, romeli aRasrulaca. da iqorwila

toRrilis Svili, romlisgan iSva asuli siturfe-aRmatebuli da uwoda saxeli sa-

natrelisa dedisa maTisa Tamar. da kualad miudga da Sva Ze da uwoda saxeli daviT,

da kualad zrdida Zmiswulsa missa, Zesa laSa-giorgissa daviTs. xolo viTar aRizar-

da asuli maTi Tamar, esma saberZneTisa sultansa, Zesa nuqardinissa, yiasedins,

qmnul-keTiloba mefis asulisa, evedra mravalTa niWTa da ZRuenTa mier, misces co-

lad asuli misi Tamar da aRuTqua ficiT ara dateveba sjulisa qristianeTasa, ro-

mel ismina mefeman rusudan da misca asuli misi sultansa yiasedins, romeli-ese

ujero iyo qristianeTa mier. xolo didiTa didebiTa misca awyueri ziTvad. da gane-

marTna amaliTa didiTa siturfe-aRmatebuli Tamar sulTnisa yiasedin qaixusrevis

karzed da iqorwina Tamar yiasedini igi sulTani koniisa. da Tana wariyvana mayrad

Tamar Zma Tavisi daviT, romeli ukuiqca ukanve qarTlsa Semdgomad qorwilisa. xolo

zogierTni qarTvelni arRara dabrundes rumiTgan, aramed ixarebdes TriaqiTa mravli-

Ta gulsa daTuTqulsa simuxTlisagan sawuTrosa. xolo mo-ra-iqces TaTarni xuaraz-

melTa devnisagan, mier warvides da moaoxres queyana xlaTisa valaSkergisa. da ver

winaaRudga sultani xlaTisa, aramed gamagrda qalaqsa Sina. xolo TaTarni warvides

adarbadagans, da zavni iqnes TavreJelTa Soris da TaTarTa da aRiRes TavreJi da

mimdgomi misi queyana. da meoresa welsa warvides bardavs, ganZas da muRans da mun

iwyes rbevad da oxrebad saqarTvelosa...

qalbatoni samira sinjikaSvili (qairos universitetis profesori)

baton giorgisac mivwere da imedia, Tqvenc ar miwyenT, rom saerTod ar vici qarTu-

li ena da Cveni qarTuli gvari da warmomavlobac erTaderTia, rac saqarTvelosTan gva-

kavSirebs. Tumca, qarTul gvars araTu Cveni ojaxis wevrebi, Cveni winaprebic ar atareben

10

litera gurji xaTuni

ukve ramdeni saukunea da Zalian gamikvirda Tu rogor momagno batonma janjRavam. vicodi,

rom gagixardebodaT da Cems werilsac amitom movawere Cveni uZvelesi, qarTuli gvari.

Tqvens yvela SekiTxvas ver vupasuxeb, ra Tqma unda, magram imasTan dakavSirebiT, rac

Tqven gainteresebT da rac vici, siamovnebiT dagexmarebiT. rac vici, es aris Cveni saoja-

xo istoria, romelsac Cemi winaprebi Taobidan Taobas gadascemdnen da Svilebi SviliSvi-

lebs uyvebian ukve meramdene saukunea. mec am gziT vici Cemi Soreuli winapris - egvip-

tis mamluqi begis, ibrahim beg al-qabirisa da didi qalbatonis - gurji-xaTunis urTier-

Tobis ambavi, romelic urumTa dedofali iyo. aleqsandriis nacionalur muzeumSi amJama-

dac inaxeba gurji-xaTunis mier sapasuxod gagzavnili werili Cemi saxelovani winapri-

sadmi, sadac didi qalbatoni Tavazian uars eubneba daxmarebaze ibrahim beg al-qabirs, anu

Cems winapars - egviptis mmarTvel ibrahim SinjikaSvils. ibrahim begis werili ar Semona-

xula, an SeiZleba iyos sadme, TurqeTis romelime muzeumSi, radgan osmalebis sayvareli

saqmea werilebis da yovelgvari davTrebis Senaxva. rac Seexeba gurji-xaTunis sapasuxo

werils, sakuTari TvaliT maqvs nanaxi araerTxel da gadmocemiT ki isic vici, Tu ra

daxmarebas sTavazobda Cemi winapari seljukebis qarTvel dedofals. jer imas mogaxse-

nebT, rom ibrahim egviptis begi imavdroulad iyo uflebamosili, daeniSna amir al-haji,

anu winamZRoli piligrimTa qaravnisa meqaSi, rac udides pativad iTvleboda mTels isla-

mur samyaroSi. rogorc Cans, ibrahimi iyo marTlac Zlieri mmarTveli da man icoda koni-

is samefo karze datrialebuli tragediebis Sesaxeb. savaraudod, swored amitom miswera

man werili gurji-xaTuns da, axla rom vambobT xolme, depresiaSi myof dedofals Ses-

Tavaza daxmareba meqaSi gasamgzavreblad. ibrahimis mier daniSnuli amir al-haji iqneboda

piradad pasuxismgebeli gurji-xaTunis usafrTxo mgzavrobisa koniidan hijazis wminda mi-

waze. magram dedofalma Tavaziani uari Tqva daxmarebaze da miuxedavad imisa, rom weril-

Si ar aris miTiTebuli mizezi uarisa, CemTvis cnobilia, rom gurji-xaTunma sicocxlis

bolos isev miiRo qristes rjuli da qarTuli eklesiac ki aaSena kapadokiaSi. isic cno-

bilia, rom sinamdvileSi igi musulmani arasodes gamxdara, magram iyo wevri sufiuri or-

denisa, romelic koniaSi daarsda msoflios udidesi poetis mevlana jalal ed-din rumis

mier, sadac erTiandebodnen, rogorc qristianebi, aseve muslimanebi, warmarTebi da iude-

velebic ki. Tu Cemi pasuxi da ganmarteba arasakmarisi iqneba TqvenTvis, mzad var kvlav gipasu-

xoT da gemsaxuroT, rogorc es SemiZlia da gTxovT, aRar ifiqroT, rom Tqveni SekiTxve-

biT mawuxebT.

abu al-bika sabiT ibn ahmad najm

ad-din aT Tiflisi

baRdadSi niSapuridan movediT ormocni, rogorc maSin, sadac Segvifara Sehab

ed-din suhreverdis medresem. TviTon sufi Seixi iyo Cveni maspinZeli. mgoni saadi Si-

razelic maSin iq iyo, rogorc Seixis msmeneli. zustad ar maxsovs, radgan aki giTx-

ariT, rom Svidasi wlis winandel ambebs giyvebiT da yvelaferi kargad arc maxsovs.

maxsovs, rom baRdadidan meqasaken mimaval gzaze beduinebi Segvxvdnen. ufro sworad

beduinebiviT Cacmul yaCaRebs ufro hgavdnen da sadac Cveni qaravani dadga Ramis sa-

Tevad, isinic iq Camosxdnen. cecxlTan vaxSamze saubaric maxsovs da beduinebma Tqves,

yaCaRebi ar gegonoT, haji unda aRvasruloTo. Cveni SiSi nu geqnebaT, arafers gav-

nebT, an ki ra unda wagarTvaT, egreve getyobaT, rom wignebis meti araferi gagaCnia-

11

litera gurji xaTuni

To. wignebi ki ara, erTxel sivasTan somxis qaravans gadaveyareT oqro-margalitiT

datvirTuls da isinic uvneblad gavuSviT - gurjebi gamodgneno. mere Cvens qaravans

hkiTxes, vina xarT, saidan modixarT da saiT midixarTo. rumis mamam uTxra - RmerTi-

sagan movdivarT da isev RmerTTan vbrundebiT, Zalianac rom moindomoT, verc Tqven

da verc sxva, am gzidan ver gadagvaxvevinebso. beduinebs cecxlis alze gakvirvebuli

Tvalebi ki hqondaT, magram aRaraferi ukiTxavT da diliT meqasaken gza gavagrZeleT.

ufrosebs medinaSi wminda saflavebis molocvac surdaT, radgan rumisa da mamamisis

gvari uZvelesi iyo da abu baqris Camomavlebs ekuTvnodaT kidec didi winapris samar-

xis naxva. abu baqris saflavi iqve aris muhamedis saflavTan masjidan-abiSi, winaswar-

metyvelis meCeTSi. is aris pirveli meCeTi medinaSi, iqve, muhamedis saxlTan. abu baq-

ris gverdiT dakrZalulni arian sxva xalifebic - omari da osmani. sxvaTa Soris,

omaris gverdiT aris damarxuli erayis udidesi da uZlieresi mmarTveli sadam husei-

namde, daud-faSa, romelic warmoSobiT qarTveli iyo, gvarad manvelaSvili, qvemo qar-

Tlidan. Tqven ara xarT musulmanebi da amitomac ar iciT, ramxela pativia daud-fa-

SasTvis muhamedis saflavidan ramdenime nabijSi dakrZalva. magram Cven maSin jer meqa

moviloceT da haji aRvasruleT. meqa albaT iciT, rom muhamedis samSobloa, sadac

mdebareobs mTavari meCeTi masjid al-harami da qaabas taZari. Tu Tqven es dagaintere-

sebT, getyviT Tu ratom midian musulmanebi meqaSi sicocxleSi Tundac erTxel. imi-

tom, rom yurani gansazRvravs islamis xuT mTavar princips: erTi RmerTis aRiarebas,

locvas, sxvebis daxmarebas, marxvas da hajis. haji ki aris meqas molocva da mTavari

siwmindis qaabas locviT Sexeba. iq aris Savi qva, romelic cidan Camovarda edemis

baRSi da romelzec geologebi amboben, rom meteoritia da atyueben qristianebs.

Tqven xom geologi ara xarT, getyobaT, rom ara xarT da advilad mixvdebiT, ratom

acvia yvelas erTnairad TeTri samosi meqaSi. maSin Cvenc TeTrad SevimoseT da yvela

aucilebeli ritualic SevasruleT. mere medinaSi wavediT, iqidan ki ierusalimSi. iq

pirvelad vnaxe qarTvelebi, qarTuli droSebiT ierusalimis karibWesTan. rogori

droSebi hqondaT? Zalian lamazi. Tqven gindaT, rom zustad aRvwero rogori iyo

qarTuli droSa maSin? xom giTxariT, rom Svidi saukunis winandel ambavs vyvebi da

yvela detali kargad arc maxsovs. Tan maSin patara viyavi, mainc bavSvi. lamazi rom

iyo qarTuli droSa, maxsovs. amayad rom eWiraT qarTvelebs TavianTi droSebi, esec

maxsovs. iqneb gavixseno? ver vixseneb da ra vqna. Tqven xom qarTveli xarT, Tqven

ukeT ar unda icodeT Tqveni droSis ambavi? hkiTxeT Tqvens mecnier-istorikosebs da

isini getyvian. imaTac ar ician? gamagiJebT raRa - imaT Tu ar ician, me saidan unda

vicode, arabi poeti var avRaneTSi dabadebuli, TbilisSi mere gadmovsaxldi, gvian.

Tu damacdiT, magasac mogiyvebiT. sad gavCerdi? ierusalimSi.

bibi munajime

me vkiTxe mas, morcxvad, TavdaxriT mjdomares oTaxSi, roca frTxilad davaka-

kune da Sesvlis nebarTva miviRe, rad iyo ase mowyeniT - is xom qveynierebis dedofa-

li xdeboda gamTeniisas, roca sulTani Tavad inebebda mobrZanebas masTan da xvalidan

ki igi iqneboda im sasaxlis mbrZanebeli, romlis dedoflobazec yoveli qali ocne-

12

litera gurji xaTuni

bobda da ocnebobs. man mxolod didroni, zRvasaviT sevdiani TvalebiT gamiRima da

Cumad, Zlivs gasagonad Tqva: - deda momenatra...

me gamecina da gamaxsenda, rom is mxolod cameti wlisa iyo, jer isev bavSvi da

maSin davpirdi, rom aucileblad aRmovaCendi ucnob varskvlavs da aucileblad da-

varqmevdi mis saxels. axla masac gaeRima da is wigni gadaSala, romelic oTaxSi Ses-

vlisTanave SevniSne mis kalTaSi da me locvani megona:

- es wignic varskvlavebzea, - miTxra man da wamodga - siyvarulze da varskvla-

vebze, am mgosnis bedi ki aravin icis...

- samwuxaroa, rom qarTulad ar vkiTxulob, - vTqvi da gamaxsenda, rom mevlanas-

Tan ramdenime wlis win viRac qarTveli poeti stumrobda, devnili poeti...

- me giTargmniT xolme am wignidan Cems sayvarel leqsebs, - Tqva man da axla

aRar hgavda bavSvs, hgavda qals, romelsac sadRac viRaca elis.

- bednieri viqnebi, - vuTxari da vakoce - minda rom Senc bednieri iyo, iseTi

bednieri, rogori lamazic xar...

is marTlac saocrad lamazi iyo...

reze ahmed baTuri (erTi SexedviT albaT beduini)

am qarTvelebis qveyanaSi bevri tyea da cota qalaqebi. amitomac cxenebi ki uy-

varT, magram ara CvensaviT - Cven udabnos Svilebi varT da cxenebi Cveni saxlebia,

Cveni ojaxebia, Cveni omia da Cveni mSvidoba. am qarTvelebs ki mSvidoba imisTvis

sWirdebaT, rom miwa moxnan da puri da vazi dasTeson. mere xeebis CrdilSi dasxdnen,

Rvino dalion da imReron. Crdils ratom etanebian, ar vici, maTi mze xom sulac ar

hgavs Cvensas - Cveni mze xom gavarvarebuli mnaTobia, udabnos rom aSrobs, maTTan ki

mxolod Tbila. arc ki vici, Rirs Tu ara am iberielebis dapyroba, TviTon ki hgoni-

aT, rom mdidari qveyana aqvT da imasac amboben, rom maTs mTebSi mdinareebs oqro moh-

yveba, magram maT xelSi oqro me ar daminaxavs da Toxi da wvadis Samfuri ki Zalian

xSirad. es qarTvelebi arca vaWroben da ama saqmisaTvis hyavT dasaxlebuli aq huria-

Ta tomi, romelnic nabuqodonosors gamoeqcnen iudeadan. imereTSi, romelic saqar-

Tvelos dasavleT mxareSia, gavicani munasibi, vinme RoRoberiZe, romelsac Tmebi ara-

buli cxenis fafariviT aqvs da amitomac erTi aqauri didebuli gaCeCilas eZaxis am

munasibs, romelsac sinamdvileSi giorgi hqvia. qarTvelebis qveyanaSi saerTod bevri

giorgia, magram am giorgim Tqva, erTi mTa vici samegrelos zeviT, mTlianad

oqrosi, wavideT, mivagnoT, cot-cota movtexoT da wamoviRoTo. aqauri

bavSvebi giJdebian am munasibze da venaxSic ki imis simRerebsa RiRineben,

magram mainc wavyvebi da sakuTaris TvaliT vnaxav, Tu marTla aris svaneT-

Si oqros mTa da aman Tu marTla icis iq misasvleli gza da mere danam-

dvilebiT getyviT, Rirs Tu ara am qveynis dalaSqvra.

13

litera gurji xaTuni

Jak de vitri (akras episkoposi)

adre gwerdiT, rom laSa-giorgis mefobisas iberielebi Semodiodnen wminda qalaq

ierusalimSi gaSlili droSebiT da aravis uxdidnen xarks. sarkinozebi ver bedaven

maTs Sewuxebas, rameTu Sin dabrunebulT, SeuZliaT Suri iZion Tavis mezobel sarki-

nozebze, magram axla sarkinozebi Zlier ganrisxebulni arian rusudanis gamo, rome-

lic gamefda Tavisi Zmis, laSa-giorgis gardacvalebis Semdgom. mefe laSa-giorgi mi-

icvala moulodnelad da ise, rom Tanamecxedre ara hyolia, magram hyavda Ze, rome-

lic iSva erTis qalisagan da laSa-giorgis anderZiT, misi Ze unda gamefdes kidec sa-

qarTveloSi. Tumca Ze hyavs, agreTve daviTi, rusudansac erzinjaneli toRrilis Svi-

lisagan, romelic qmrad SeirTo, magram asuli maTi Tamari, romelic axla rumis sa-

sulTnos dedofalia, WkuiTa da gonebiT orive daviTsa sjobs da ukeTesi iqneboda

saqarTvelosTvis, rom es didebuli Tamari gamefebuliyo, vidre romelime daviTi -

misi Zma an dedis Zmis Svili. magram Tamari, romelsac anatoliaSi gurji-xaTuns

uwodeben da Zlier uyvarT sakvirveli siturfisa da gamWriaxobisTvis, aris Tana-

mecxedre seljukTa sulTnisa gias ed-din qaixusrev meorisa. amgvarad jer aravin

uwyis, ra moxdeba saqarTveloSi, radgan monRolebi ise sjijgnian qarTvelebis qveya-

nas, rom SeiZleba iberielTa samefo daeces da ganadgurdes, miuxedavad imisa, rom

sul cota xnis win iberielis xsenebac ki SiSis zarsa scemda sarkinozebs. axla ki

qarTvelebis aravis eSinia da maSin ki maTi saxeli da dideba Svarcvaldis alemanTa

tomebamdec ki aRwevda. adre gwerdiT, rom Svarcvaldis xalxma pirvelma iswavla

kartofilis moyvana vikingebisagan, romlebmac es mcenare didi zRvis gadaRma qveyni-

dan Semoitanes da axla ki yvelgan aris gavrcelebuli da mravalnic etanebian.

rac Seexeba aRmosavleTisa da dasavleTis eklesiaTa SeerTebas, niadagi mosinju-

lia, magram rogorc Svarcvaldis xalxi da agreTve qvemo alemanebi loculoben ba-

denis wmida giorgis, aseve qarTvelebi da abxazebi loculoben iloris wmida gior-

gis da maTTvis SeiZleba advilic ar iyos papis uzenaesobis cnoba; Tumca, samxreT

saqarTveloSi, misiis damsaxurebiT, ukve gaCndnen WeSmaritad morwmune qarTuli oja-

xebi. albaT saWiro iqneba misionis gaZliereba yvelgan saqarTvelos miwebze da Tu

Tqven mis uwmindesobasTan geqnebaT saubari am sakiTxze, gTxovT, yuradReba gaamaxvi-

loT imaze, rom iberiaSi misionerTa ricxvi Zlier mwiria da mec, Cemis mxriv, auci-

leblad vauwyeb piradad mas saqmis viTarebas, roca audiencia meqneba vatikanSi moma-

val wels.

xolo anatoliasa da mcire aziaSi mdgomareoba kidev ufro garTulda bizantio-

nis aRebis Semdeg, radgan Cveni imedi, rom bizantionis laSqrobis Sedegad berZnulis

sjulis xalxi laTinurs sjuls eziareboda, tyuili gamodga. piriqiT bizantionis

berZnebs sZulT laTinebi da papis xelisuflebas ebrZvian, rogorc mtersa da dam-

pyrobels da garbian anatoliis Sida qveynebisaken, sadac musulmanTa mmarTvelobaa.

musulmani sulTnebi ki eSmakoben - berZen qristianebs ar aZaleben islamis aRiarebas

da mfarveloben kidec maT da aqezeben papis winaaRmdeg. seljukebi da sxva Turqebic,

arabebica da sparselebic ar uSlian qristianebs, rom eklesiebSi ilocon, magram

vinc mahmadis sjuls aRiarebs, maT gadasaxadebs araTu umcireben, saerTod ar axdevi-

neben da es mzakvruli gegma kargadac muSaobs. anatoliasa da mTels aziaSi amitomac

mravlad SexvdebiT mohamadis mimdevrebs, Tumca tomiT berZens an somexs, qarTvels an

lazs da marTalia, isini jvars guliT atareben, magram paraskevis meCeTs ar acdenen,

14

litera gurji xaTuni

rom mezoblebmac dainaxon da xarki ar daadon. amas garda islamis molebi da yadebi

gamudmebiT qadageben alahis winaSe yvelas Tanasworobas, rac ubralo xalxSi iwvevs

keTil damokidebulebas mahmadis sjulisadmi da Tu ar iqneba Cveni Rvawlisadmi meti

yuradReba misi uwmindesobis salarodan, male im poziciebsac davTmobT, rac amJamad

gagvaCnia anatoliasa da mTels aziaSi.

luka mantovani (konieli misioneri)

Zmao juzepe,

Tqveni werili da saCuqari sixaruliT miviReT ymawvili kacisagan, romelic

princesa Tamaris amalasTan erTad Camovida koniaSi mas Semdeg, rac keisarieSi gas-

rulda sulTnisa da qarTveli dedoflis qorwili, romelic Turme grandiozuli

iyo da ramdenime dRes mimdinareobda. am ymawvili kacis Sesaxeb Tqven jer kidev ga-

zafxulze gvwerdiT da Cvenc imTaviTve daviWireT Tadarigi, raTa gvezruna misi adgi-

lisaTvis misionSi. radgan vicodiT, rom man Tavad moiwadina Semdgariyo WeSmaritebis

gzaze, sumelas monastris winamZRvarsac uari vuTxariT maTi beris miRebaze. marTa-

lia, sxva mizezic gvqonda berZenTaTvis Tavaziani uari rom gveTqva, magram Tqveni

Txovna mainc umTavresi iyo da am qarTvel biWs, murzayan orbelians, marTlac wrfe-

lis guliT davxvdiT da igi miviReT, rogorc Zma Cveni qristesmieri. Tumca, aseve

wrfelad unda giTxraT, rom metadre gakvirvebulni varT misi ucnauris xasiaTiT -

nacvlad imisa, rom es biWi murza mowadinebuli iyos laTinursa da RvTismetyveleba-

Si, cdilobs, rom sulTnis karze gamarTul wveulebebs ar moakldes da ramdenjerac

sulTani gvepatiJeba sasaxleSi, imdenjer gvTxovs, rom Tan waviyvanoT. Cven am murza-

murzayans uarsac ver veubnebiT, radgan, rogorc axali wevri misionisa, SeiZleba ara

mxolod Cvenze ganawyendes, aramed qristes WeSmarit sjulzec guli aecruos, ro-

melsac Sesdgomia da Cven ki ra ufleba gvaqvs, Tundac erTi cxvari movakloT faras.

ara vfiqrobT rasme avis ganzraxviT moqmedobasa am qarTvelis orbelianisagan, magram

movaleni varT gauwyoT ucnauri qceva misi da amadac mogwereT es wigni. Tumca ara

mniSvnelobisa gamo, aramed masalad sityvisa. agreTve getyviT, rom gansakuTrebulis

siTboTi es axali qarTveli wevri Cveni misiisa, daumegobrda ispaniel biWs koelos,

romelsac dasavleT iberiels eZaxis da mokled rom vsTqvaT, es aRmosavleTiberieli

biWi murza da is dasavleTiberieli biWi koelo ZmebiviT Seiqnen. murzayani ambobs,

rom zogierTni tomi ispaniisa, qarTvelTa anu iberielTa naTesavni arian da amitomac

eZaxis im biWs koelos - dasavleTiberiels. me ki maxsovs, rom Tqven mwerdiT qar-

TvelTa anu iberielTa naTesaobis Sesaxeb velSebisa da sqoTebis qveynebTan da xal-

xebTan. an me raRac mereva an am biWs da Tu gamarkvevT, roca dros gamonaxavT, didad

damavalebT da pativsac damdebT. Sobis Semdgom velodebiT akras episkoposis stum-

robas. misi saxeli Cemze ukeT Tqven gemaxsovrebaT - Jak de vitri.

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litera gurji xaTuni

abu al-bika sabiT ibn ahmad najm

ad-din aT Tiflisi

ierusalimidan damaskoSi CvenTan erTad imgzavra akras episkoposma Jak de vit-

rma, misi saxeli kargad maxsovs, radgan mere koniaSi xSirad vxvdebodiT xolme er-

TmaneTs da religiis Temebze vsaubrobdiT. episkoposi alepoSi dagvSorda. Cven ki

mcire xniT jer alepoSi davrCiT da mxolod mere gavagrZeleT gza. alepoSi Tqva

rumis mamam - baxaudin veledma: ~RmerTs surs, rom Cven anatoliisken wavideT da es

qveyana Cvens qaravans siyvaruliT izidavs~. Cvenc rumis sasulTnosken wavediT. jer

malaTiSi viyaviT, mere sivasSi, mere aqSexirSi, mere larendaSi da bolos koniaSi Ca-

vediT. koniaSi dasaxleba iman gadawyvita, rom maSindelma sulTanma, al ad-din qaiqu-

badma, Tqveni siZis mamam, piradad migviwvia da rumis mamas baxaudin veleds yvelaze

didi medrese SesTavaza leqciebisTvis. ikonias rom mivuaxlovdiT, TviTon sulTani

qaiqubadi gamogvegeba galavanTan Tavisi brwyinvale amaliT. Cven ise Raribulad gvec-

va, rom gaocebulebma Tvalic ki agvarides, Tumca pativiT ki migviRes da maxsovs qa-

laqSi SesvlisTanave patara rumis survili iyo platonis saflavis moZebna, magram

jer dagvaTvalierebines alTun-aba da axladaSenebuli citadeli. cixesimagris ked-

lebTan uTxra rumis mamam did sulTans: ~aaSene keTili saqmeebis cixesimagre da ima-

ze myari araferi iqneba~. Tqveni kalendriT 1231 wlis 12 ianvars bahauddin veledi

gardaicvala. maSin mevlana rumi ocdaoTxi wlis iyo (Cven xom tolebi viyaviT TiT-

qmis) da medreseSi mamamisis adgili daikava. rumi ocdaoTxi wlis asakSi ukve iseTi

ganaTlebuli iyo, rom maSinve gaxda udidesi avtoriteti koniel moZRvarTa da fi-

losofosTa Soris. mas ukve hyavda mowafeebi araTu mTeli anatoliidan, iemenidan da

egviptidanac ki. magram maSindeli sazogadoebisaTvis miuRebeli iyo aseTi axalgazrda

adamianisagan meCeTSi paraskevis qadageba, swavleba RvTismetyvelebisa da religiuri

samarTlisa, agreTve yuranis ganmarteba, Tumca yvelani xedavdnen da grZnobdnen, rom

igi iyo brZeni da mis axalgazrduli periodis fetvebsac imTaviTve etyobodaT RvTi-uri niWi. gadawyvetileba TviTon miiRo da mevlana jalal ed-din rumi xalebSi gaem-

gzavra, raTa maSin iq Sekrebil moazrovneTa kamaTSi mieRo monawileoba da sakuTari

Tavi Seemowmebina. swored maSin, bavSvobidan moyolebuli, pirvelad davSordi Cems

genios megobars, magram ukan koniaSi dabrunebisTanave rumis Tanmxleb erT-erT miu-

rids dawvrilebiT movayole yvelaferi. pirveli Sexvedra rumis hqonda xalebis sa-

xelganTqmul xalavies medreseSi did arab mecnierTan qamalad-din ibn al-adimTan,

romelsac esaubra cxra cisa da oTxi stiqiis cecxlis, haeris, miwisa da wylis Se-

saxeb, rac qmnis xilvad samyaros. maT agreTve isaubres drois arsis Sesaxeb, rome-

lic Sedgeba calkeuli, erTmaneTis miyolebiTi wamieri gaelvebebisgan; rogorc wyali

mdinareSi, romelic Sedgeba im wveTebisagan, erTmaneTs rom cvlian. maqdiseis medrese-

Si ki mevlanam Turme isaubra morwmuneebTan erTarsis, rogorc absolutis Sesaxeb,

romelic gamoricxavs mravalarsianobas, magram imavdroulad swored Seicavs mraval-

saxeobis ideas msgavsad xisa, romelic erTia da mTliani, magram moicavs fesvsac,

qerqsac da totsac.

mere ganixiles gnoseologiisa da onTologiis, logikisa da RvTismetyvelebis

urTulesi sakiTxebi da Seixebma, romlebic darwmundnen axalgazrda rumis gonebasa

da azrovnebaSi, tradiciebis darRveviT, magram aRfrTovanebulebma, ramdenime TveSi

16

litera gurji xaTuni

misces mas werilobiTi ijaze, rac imas niSnavda, rom imaze mets, rac mevlanam icoda,

aRmosavleTis brZeni ulemebi mas veRar aswavlidnen.

1231 wlis Semodgomaze mevlana jelal ed-din rumi koniaSi dabrunda. Sewuxebu-

li saxe ratom gaqvT? Zalian grZlad vyvebi? ubralod daRlili xarT, magram ise ga-

interesebT? maSin koniis ambavs mokled mogiyvebiT. gana Tqveni SoTa rusTavelic eg-

re ar aris? TviTon ambobs, grZeli sityva mokled iTqmiso da mere TviTonve ramsig-

rZe ambavs hyveba, magram aRmosavleTSi asea, aRmosavleTis ambavi grZlad iTqmis...

bibi munajime

rasac Cemi Svili wers Tavis wignSi qaixusrevis Sesaxeb, sruli simarTlea - sul-

Tans ise Zlier Seuyvarda Tamari, rom saxelmwifo saqmeebze zrunvas Tavi aneba da mTels

dros sasaxleSi atarebda colTan erTad. amxela imperiis movla ki pirvel vazirs miando

da TviTon dedoflis saxelze fulis moWra gadawyvita. Zalian undoda, rom monetaze

Zvirfasi gurji-xaTunis saxe aRebeWda, Tumca samefo karze didad ganrisxdnen imis gamo,

rom fulze adamiani unda gamoesaxaT da Tanac qali, magram sulTani arasodes yofila

iseTi marTlmorwmune, rogorc mamamisi qaiqubadi da qaixusrevma mainc iseTi dirhemi moW-

ra, romelsac islami krZalavda. xur i Sidis emblemas mTeli msoflio icnobs, magram

bevrma albaT ar icis, rom sxivosani mze gurji-xaTunia, xolo lomi ki sulTan qaixus-

revis simboloa. marTalia, mec mkiTxes zodiaqos sizuste, magram sinamdvileSi lomi da

mze TviTon gurji-xaTunis idea iyo, romelic im wignSi hqonda amokiTxuli, gurjistani-

dan rom wamoiRo. zustad maxsovs, rom im wignSi mijnur vaJs loms adarebda wignis av-

tori, xolo mSvenier satrfos ki - mzes. qarTuli ar vicodi, magram namdvilad ki max-

sovs, rom ymawvili dedofali, roca sayvarel strofebs miTargmnida im wignidan, yvelaze

xSirad lomsa da mzes axsenebda. koniis laTinTa misionSi qarTveli biWi msaxurobda ma-

Sin da mere man miTxra, rom gurji-xaTuns qarTvelebis qveyanaSi axla yvelani baZaven da

gaTxovil qalebs mziTvad swored im wigns ataneno. saxeli im wignisa aRar maxsovs, mag-

ram is ki damamaxsovrda, rom TviTon mgosnis bedi aravin icoda gurjebis qveyanaSi. im

mgosans is wigni Cveni ymawvili dedoflis bebiisaTvis miuZRvnia, romelsac agreTve Tama-

ri erqva da iberielebis qveyanaSi saxelovnad mefobda. iberielebs ki Tavisi mefe qali

ise Zlier hyvarebiaT Turme, rom mgosnisTvis kadnierebaSi CamourTmeviaT mefe qalisadmi

vinme meleqsis trfoba da am meleqsezed didad ganawyenebulan. ise ganawyenebulan, rom

misi kvalic gamqrala da ra bedi ewia, aravin icis. gurji-xaTuni ki ambobda, rom ar mo-

uklavTo, magram ise gamqrala is meleqse, rom aRaravis unaxavs. pirvelad rom is wigni

manaxa dedofalma da im qarTveli mgosnis sevdiani ambavi miambo, maSinve vuTxari, rac vi-

codi: rom ramdenime wlis win mevlanasTan erTi mxcovani meleqse stumrobda gurjebis

qveynidan da iqneb eg iyo meTqi. is gurji meleqse varskvlavebsac kiTxulobda uSecdomod

da imitom damamaxsovrda. Cvens dedofalsac medreseSi misvla da mevlanasTan saubaric

amitom vurCie, Torem is medreseSi manamde namyofic ar iyo, radgan qristes sjuls mis-

devda mtkiced da mohamadis saxls arca scnobda. Tavisi wmindanebis xatebic mravlad

hqonda wamoRebuli samSoblo qveynidan salocavad da iseTi mowyenili iyo xolme xSirad,

rom sasaxleSi Tu viyavi, uciloblad movinaxulebdi da sanugeSos rasme vetyodi. mowye-

nis mizezsac xSirad vkiTxavdi xolme, radgan sulTans did pativSi hyavda Tavisi qarTve-

li coli da gagiJebiTac uyvarda igi. mec CamobrZanebisTanave Zlier Semiyvarda Cveni qar-

17

litera gurji xaTuni

Tveli dedofali da roca Tavad igrZno Cemi mzrunveli mopyroba, ise damiaxlovda, rom

gulis nadebsac metyoda xolme. maSin rom Tavisi bebia Tamari axsena, isic Tqva, rom di-

di Tamaris dros qarTvelebis qveyana iseTi Zlieri iyo, rom seljukebis sulTansac amar-

cxebdnen da aki didi ruqnadinic ukuaqcieso. adre qarTvelebis yvelas eSinoda, axla ki

ruqnadinis SviliSvils mimaTxoveso. me Zlier gamakvirves Cveni dedoflis sityvebma, ro-

melic TviT sulTnis coli iyo da ymawvil qals gana sxva raze unda eocneba da amito-

mac ar davijere, rom misi mowyenis mizezi samSoblo qveynis Zveli dideba iyo da ara

sxva ram - ufro piraduli, is rac ufro advili dasajerebeli iqneboda CemTvis da gana

me ar viyavi cameti wlisa, roca qalis ymawvili guli aTrTolebas iwyebs da Tu iq, sam-

Soblo qveyanaSi vinmes gamo dardobda, rad unda gamkvirveboda. Tumca, asec rom yofili-

yo mainc ucnaurad Canda misi mowyena - aba sad gurjebis qveyanaSi wvaleba da sad sel-

jukebis didi samefos sulTnis coloba da sasaxlis dedofloba, roca ymawvil sulTans

ise uyvarxar, rom saxelmwifo saqmeebze aRar zrunavs da dReniadag imazed fiqrobs, Tu

rogor gaabednieros ymawvili coli, rogor gaaxaros Tavisi dedofali da kidev ra Zvir-

fasi saCuqari uZRvnas Tavis sayvarels. qalebs xSirad kacebi ki ara, qalebic verafers

ugeben...

fatima binTi nasredini

mTels aRmosavleTSi Znelad Tu moZebniT qveyanas, sadac dabejiTebiT ar getyvi-

an, rom papaCemi xoja nasredini swored maT miwaze ar ganisvenebs. metic, nebismier

islamur qveyanaSi gaCveneben saflavs, sadac maTis Rrma rwmeniT xoja nasredinia dak-

rZaluli. erTma mueZinma, romelic kavkasiis CrdiloeT mTebSi yofiliyo, isic ki

miTxra, rom daRistanSi bavSvmac ki icis, rom papaCemi iq damarxes Turme da erTs

aulSi im lodsac gaCveneben, romlis qveSac papaCemi wevs. Soreul buxaraSic unaxavT

koniel vaWrebs saflavis qva, romelzec xoja nasredinis saxeli amouWriaT da zed

papaCemis dabadebisa da gardacvalebis TariRebic gulmodgined miuweriaT. raRa sxve-

bisa giTxraT, roca sakuTari TvalebiT minaxavs yaraisarSi sami mxridan SemoRobili

saflavi, romelsac SesasvlelSi aweria, rom aq ganisvenebs nasredini da kidev aseTi

sityvebi: ~ecade ar Semoxvide, Torem ukan veRar gaxval. Cemi simrTelis, qeifis, ja-

nisa da gunebis ambavi hkiTxe im ymawvils, romelic aqedan gamova...~

radgan mTels aRmosavleTSi yvelgan sjeraT, TiTqos swored maT qveyanaSi daas-

rula sicocxle xoja nasredinma, albaT amitomac gaCnda yvelaze sasacilo versia,

rom, Turme, papaCemi, sinamdvileSi, arc arsebobda, rogorc realuri pirovneba da xo-

ja nasredini mogonili adamiania. am wignis daweris mizezi esec iyo da maT, vinc am

sasacilo versias aseTi mondomebiT avrcelebs, me, xoja nasredinis SviliSvilma, min-

da xmamaRla vkiTxo: Tu papaCemi sinamdvileSi ar arsebobda, maS saidan gaCnda jer

dedaCemi, misi Svili da mere me - xoja nasredinis SviliSvili?

18

litera gurji xaTuni

abu al-bika sabiT ibn ahmad najm ad-din aT Tiflisi

mamamisis gardacvalebis Semdeg jelal ed-din rumi koniaSi mamis adgils ikavebs,

rogorc RvTismetyvelebis moZRvari da iseTi popularuli xdeba, rom mSvidi da uzrunve-

li cxovreba garantirebulic eqneboda mTeli sicocxlis bolomde, magram rumi ar iyo

Cveulebrivi adamiani da arasodes akmayofilebda is, rac hqonda. roca koniaSi gamoCnda

moxetiale sufi derviSi Samse Tabrizi, rumi ise dainteresda sufiuri asketizmiT, rom

leqciebsa da qadagebaze, erTi xanoba uari Tqva da SamsesTan erTad Caiketa. magram Tavri-

zeli derviSi male ugzo-ukvlod gaqra da rumic amaod eZebda mas mTels aRmosavleTSi.

koniaSi dabrunebulma swored maSin Camoayaliba derviSTa ordeni ~mevlevi~, romelic ko-

niaSi dResac arsebobs da misi wevrebi saukuneTa manZilze mistikuri locvebiTa da cek-

viT gamoxataven pativiscemas ordenis damaarseblis - rumis, anu mevlanas mimarT. mevlana

xom Cvens batons niSnavs. barem sufizmzec getyviT, ra aris da rogor - sufizmi islamSi

ki warmoiSva, magram yvela religiasTana aqvs Sexeba da indur filosofiasac aRiarebs da

berZnulsac. mokled, rac ki ram kargi ufiqria adamians, yvelaferi moagrova mevlanam da

sxvebsac aswavla da Camouriga. Tqven islamis geSiniaT, imitom, rom ar iciT, Torem uf-

ro advilad gaigebdiT sufiebis xibls. mainc ras? imas, rom sufizmi Tavisufali azrov-

nebaa da Tqven ki Tavisuflebisa Zalian geSiniaT. mainc vcado axsna? ki batono. martivad

getyviT, rom advilad gaigoT. rusebma gadagaCvies aRmosavleTze fiqrs, Torem adre uf-

ro kargad gesmodaT qviSebis xma. isev qviSebSi wavedi da TqvensaviT rom ar vixetialo

ugzo-ukvlod, sufiebis ambavs getyviT, rom maTi rwmeniT RmerTi erTiani WeSmaritebaa,

RmerTi erTaderTi realobaa da yvelaferi danarCeni ki grZnobebis sicrue... magram radga-

nac RmerTis garda araa realoba, amitom misgan gamoyofa mxolod warmoidgineba masTan

SeerTebisaTvis. RmerTSi galxobisaTvis ki saWiroa erTaderTi niWi - gamosvla sakuTar,

ararealur ~me~-dan da Segneba imisa, rom namdvili ~me~ - aris RmerTi, SenSi arsebuli.

Zala, romliTac xdeba es Serwyma - aris didi siyvaruli; siyvaruli, romelmac vnebisgan

gansxvavebiT araferi ar icis. Tavisi araferi ar surs. cxovrebis garegan mxares ki ara-

viTari mniSvneloba ara aqvs: Rataki xar Tu mefe, gandegilad cxovrob Tu abreSumeulo-

baSi xar Cafluli, sufiebisTvis sulerTia. TviTon ~sufi~ arabulad uxeSi Salis samoss

niSnavs da sufi-derviSebi maSin SaliT Semosili dadiodnen da sjerodaT, rom RmerTi

erTnairad SeiZleba ipovos adamianma mizgiTSic da eklesiaSic, oRond TavdaviwyebiT unda

uyvardes RmerTi da RmerTTan miaxloebis gza ki sakuTari Tavis gaqrobaa... Tqven iseTi

saxiT miyurebT, mgoni rumisa da gurji-xaTunis urTierToba ufro gainteresebT, vidre

derviSebis filosofia. gamovicani? Cemi bralia - yvelafris moyola erTad minda xolme

da dalagebulad ki verafers vyvebi. ai, axla ki dalagebiT movyvebi rumisa da dedoflis

ambavs. gurji-xaTunis da mevlanas gacnoba rogor moxda, zustad maxsovs imitom, rom im

dRes medreseSi viyavi, roca dedofali mobrZanda poetis sanaxavad, magram manamde rac

iyo, barem imasac vityvi. manamde gurji-xaTuni meCeTSi namyofic ar iyo saerTod. imitom,

rom qristes sjulze idga da sulTanic, kanonieri qmari, ar aZalebda gamahmadianebas,

radgan TviTon qaixusrevic ar iklavda Tavs meCeTSi locviT da cols ratom waaqezebda.

ufro metic, maSin koniaSi laTinebs misioni hqondaT da sulTani giasedini iq siarulsac

ar uSlida gurji-xaTuns. da kidev metic, roca qarTveli mRvdlebic Camohyvnen Tan,

sulTanma isinic daabinava da arc qristianulad locva aukrZala. maSin koniaSi yvela

juris xalxi cxovrobda, magram seljukebi aravis uSlidnen Tavisi RmerTis rwmenas.

oRond eg iyo mahmadianebs xarks ar adebdnen da alahis Svilebic ufro mravldebodnen.

islamze gurji-xaTuni arc moqceula, rogorc istorikosebi weren da Cemze kargad aba

19

litera gurji xaTuni

saidan unda icodnen, ra moxda, roca me maSin koniaSi viyavi da egeni ki asi wlis mere

werdnen imaze, rac me Cemi TvaliT minaxavs. sinamdvileSi rac moxda, Tamaris dedis ru-

sudanis brali iyo da ara sulTnis, imitom rom rusudans saqarTveloSi Tavisi Svilis

gamefeba undoda, magram Zmis, laSa-giorgis anderZiT taxti ekuTvnoda laSas Svils. ami-

tomac rusudanma Tavisi ZmisSvili koniaSi gaagzavna da sulTans sTxova misi mokvla. ra-

tom gagecinaT? ara gjeraT, rom qalebi zogjer kacebze sastikebi arian? hkiTxeT Tqvens

istorikosebs da isini getyvian Tqveni mefe rusudanis ambebs, Cemi Tu ar gjeraT. gavag-

rZelo? isev gecinebaT, magram mainc getyviT, rom koniis sulTani ufro keTili aRmoCnda,

vidre misi qarTveli sidedri da qaixusrevma rusudanis Txovna ar Seasrula da qarTveli

ufliswuli ar moakvlevina. maSin ganrisxebulma rusudan mefem axali werili miswera

selCukebis sulTans da Tavis ZmisSvils cili daswama rom Cems SvilTan, anu Sens col-

Tan avxorcobs eg daviTi da magis mokvlasac amitom gTxovdio. amaze ki sulTanma goni

dakarga, radgan daijera tyuili da ver warmoidgina, rom biZaSvil-mamidaSvils aseT ra-

mes daabralebda qarTveli mefe. ise dakarga goni qaixusrevma, rom Tavis ulamazes cols,

romelic Zalian uyvarda, Seuracxyofa miayena, xolo saqarTvelodan waRebuli xatebi da-

umtvria da qristianobas daabrala mruSoba da yvela ubedureba - arcerTi musulmani qa-

li amas ar ikadrebdao. sawyalma gurji-xaTunma qmari ver daarwmuna Tavis udanaSauloba-

Si da an ki rogor unda daerwmunebina. sulTnis brZanebiT, laSas Ze daviTi zRvaSi gada-

agdes. magram qarTveli ufliswuli sikvdils mainc gadaurCa, imitom, rom koniasTan zRva

Sors ar iyo, magram TviTon sulTani xom ar gayveboda kariskacebs da maTac moaxsenes,

rom brZaneba Sesrulebulia, magram iqneb brZaneba arc ise mkacri iyo da sastiki, raxan

zRvaSi dasaxrCobad Cagdebuli kaci sikvdils mainc gadaurCa. ambobdnen, rom viRac vaWar-

ma gadaarCina da mouara, ise rom arc ki icoda, qarTvel ufliswuls Tu exmareboda.

Tumca es sikeTe Zvirad ki daujda im vaWars, radgan ra daimaleboda rumis sasulTnoSi

da roca es ambavic gamJRavnda, vaWaric Seipyres da qarTveli ufliswuli daviTic. uf-

liswuli dilegSi Caagdes da vaWari ki gauSves, magram karga blomad dirhemebi mainc ga-

daaxdevines. daviT ufliswuli didxans hyavdaT damwyvdeuli, sanam mamida rusudani ar

gardaicvala. maSin qarTvelma didebulebma gaixsenes seljukebSi gadaxvewili laSas Ze da

qveyana mefis gareSe rom ar darCeniliyo, didZali xalxic gaagzavnes koniaSi qarTveli

ufliswulis mosaZebnad. rusudanis Ze daviTi, vis gamoc ZmiSvili mosaklavad gaimeta ru-

sudanma, maSin monRolebis urdoSi iyo wasuli, raTa yaens piradad daemtkicebina qarTve-

lebis taxtze da ise igvianebda, rom qarTvelebma ifiqres, albaT aRarc daabruneben da

es daviTi mainc davibrunoTo. koniaSi rom didZali qarTvelebi Camovidnen da qarTveli

ufliswuli dilegidan amoiyvanes, veravin icno, ise gaetanja tyveobas da sulTanmac sul

bodiSebi uxada, rom momatyues da sul fuWad gagawvaleTo, magram raRa drois iyo - uf-

liswuli rom saqarTveloSi ZRveniT gaistumres, ramdenime TveSi sulTanic mokvda. ki ar

mokvda, mokles, magram vin da ratom, zustad veravin gaigo. Tumca me sxva ambis moyolas

vapirebdi - gurji-xaTuni rom pirvelad estumra mevlanas da mec rom veswrebodi im

Sexvedras...

fatima binTi nasredini

papaCems, xoja nasredins, ase mxolod Turqmanuli modgmis xalxi movixseniebT. sxva

xalxebi sxvagvarad uwodeben mas, garda arabebisa. sparselebi mola nasredins eZaxian, ta-

jikebi - efendis, gurjebi - masredins da a.S.

20

litera gurji xaTuni

papaCemis biografiasac sxvadasxva qveyanaSi sxvadasxvagvarad hyvebian, sinamdvileSi

mas ori coli hyavda mxolod da eqvsi Svili. orive coli uyvarda, magram orives surda,

rom sayvareli coli rqmeodaT da amis gamo xSirad Cxubobdnen. maSin papam orives er-

Tnairi, lurji feris Zvirfasi qva aCuqa, magram gaafrTxila, rom erTmaneTisTvis ar eT-

qvaT da roca ekiTxebodnen, romeli coli ufro giyvarso da orive coli sulganabuli

eloda pasuxs, papaCemi mSvidad pasuxobda, rom is coli ufro uyvarda, visac lurji fe-

ris Zvirfasi qva aCuqa. sidedri ki marTla daexrCo mdinareSi da didad inaRvla kidec,

magram borotma adamianebma xmebi gaavrceles, TiTqos TviTon daaxrCo da alahi ki mowame-

a, rom xoja nasredins yvelanairi Zaladoba sZulda axalgazrdobidanve da aseT uRvTo

saqmes namdvilad ar izamda. boroti adamianebi ki imitom uvrcelebdnen borot xmebs, rom

maT SurdaT papaCemis gonebis, niWis da sityvis, romelic iyo xSirad mware, magram samar-

Tliani. samarTlianobasa da Tavisuflebis siyvaruls mevlanasagan swavlobda mTeli

cxovreba da mas aravin sZulda, vinc ar unda yofiliyo, warmarTi Tu iudeveli, qristea-

ni Tu cecxlTayvanismcemeli. erTxel koniaSi papaCems erTi qristeani dedakaci Sexvda

quCaSi Zalian daRonebuli da nasredinma rom daRonebis mizezi hkiTxa, im dedakacma miu-

go: “davRondebi, aba ra iqneba, erTaderTi Svili myavs da imanac mahmadis sjuli aRiara

da daviRupeo”. maSin xoja nasredinma uTxra - nu Relav dedi, eqvsi Svili myavs da eqvsi-

ve mahmadis rjulisaa da aba me raRa unda vqnao...

tyuilia, rom TiTqos mas xSirad iWerdnen qurdobisaTvis. xSirad ki iWerdnen, magram ara qurdobi-

saTvis. qurdobisTvis mxolod erTxel daiWires koniaSi, roca halva moipara da danarCen SemTxvevaSi ki

mas uwmawurobis gamo sjidnen - sasamarTloSi rogor SeiZleba, rom TviTon yadi iginebodeso. arada, ki

ar ilanZReboda, simarTles ambobda da aba simarTle axla Tu aravis uyvars, raRa maSin eyvarebodaT.

isic tyuilia, rom TiTqos haSiSs etaneboda. piriqiT sZulda TviTonac da sxvasac ar urCevda,

radgan tvins aClungebso; mxolod erTxel gasinja da papaCemis mtrebma is ambavic mTels qveyanas mosdes.

yvelganac hyvebian, magram sinamdvileSi koniaSi moxda - erTi kaci rom SeuCnda nasredins, iseTi haSiSia,

siamovnebisagan gagagiJebs da erTxel mainc gasinjeo. ise Seawuxa, rom papam bolos gamoarTva da abanoSi

waiRo. ifiqra, Cumad, CemTvis movwev, rom aravin daminaxos da Tan gavigeb, aseTi ra aris, mileTis xalxi

rom Wkuas kargavso. Sesula marto abanoSi, gauxdia da mouwevia, magram aRar daubania, ise gabraze-

bula im kacze, ratom arafers miSvebao, rom egreve, SiSveli gamovardnila abanodan,

is kaci bazarSi mouZebnia da kargadac gamoulanZRavs - tyuilad ratom momawevineo.

im kacs kargad SeuTvalierebia SiSveli papaCemi, erTi ki gahkvirvebia, meti raRa unda

giqnaso da imdeni ucinia, rom misi xarxari Turme mTels konias esmoda...

SarbaTis sma ki marTla uyvarda da arc malavda. papaCemis mtrebi ambobdnen, xo-

ja nasredini juzis kiTxvis drosac nasvamiao, magram eg tyuilia. meCeTSi da medre-

seSi papaCemi mTvrali aravis unaxavs. ase rom ar yofiliyo, gana didi mevlana erTa-

derTs xoja nasredins miandobda mkurnalobas? papa xom eqimic iyo da Cvens did po-

etsac xom swored man uwamla, roca mevlana avad Seiqna da veRaravin Sveloda. mar-

Tla rom dReniadag mTvrali yofiliyo, rogorc masze amboben avi enebi, gana ase ad-

vilad SesZlebda paeqrobas derviSebTan? gana ase advilad daiTvlida caze varskvla-

vebs, roca mtrebi SeuCndnen - ginda Tu ara, aba Tu gamoicnob caze ramdeni var-

skvlaviao?..

gana SemTxveviT moigona xalxma, rom xoja nasredini Temur-lengs Sexvda? Te-

mur-lengma rom Cveni qveynebi moaoxra, papaCemi xom sinamdvileSi karga xnis mkvdari

iyo maSin, magram xalxma xmliT rom veraferi gaawyo dampyrobelTan, Temur-lengs

amitomac daupirispira xoja nasredinis maxvili sityva da moswrebuli ena - ramdeni-

me weliwadSi an viri mokvdeba, an viris patronio, da is mtarvali Temur-lengic

marTla male mokvda...

21

litera gurji xaTuni

batoni akaki gawerelia

roca rusudanma daiviwya ~RvTis SiSi~ da siZesa da asuls mosaklavad gaugzavna

Zmiswuli (~Zmisa misisgan giorgisgan anderZobiT Sevedrebuli~) da taxtis memkvidre da-

viTi (SemdegSi - daviT ulu), raTa mieriTgan uzrunvelad epyras mefoba mas da Zesa mis

daviTs~. Tamarma da yiasedinma mfarveloba gauwies mas: ~viTar miiwia daviT winaSe sul-

tnisa da (mamis) diswulisa mis, rusudanis asulisa Tamaris, romelsa sultani saxelad

uwodda gurji-xaTunad, ixiles igi da Seiyuares, TvisTa Tana daipyres pativiTa da gur-

ji-xaTun dedofalica keTilsa uyofda yrmasa, biZis Zesa daviTs, da ara ismines brZaneba

mkvlelebrivi mefisa rusudanisi. da friad pativs cemdes daviTs~, - hyveba JamTaaRmwere-

li, magram rusudani yovelmxriv cdilobda daeRupa Tavisi Svilis potenciuri metoqe.

man araerTxel miugzavna mociquli siZesa da asuls da sTxova SeesrulebinaT micemuli

davaleba, magram dedoflis cdas Sedegi ar gamouRia. maSin ~amisgan gancvifrebulman da

guliswyromiTa aRvsebulman, daiviwya sjulica da lmoba naTesavTa, da TviT Svilisa siy-

varuli dedobrivi... dawera wigni siZesa Tvissa sultansa yiasdins Tana da esreT mium-

cno, viTarmed: ~amisTvis meneba mokvla Zmiswulisa Cemisa daviTisi, rome colsa Sensa da

asulsa Cemsa Zmiswuli Cemi daviTi Tana-eyofis, da amisaTvis ara nebavs asulsa Cemsa bo-

roti misio~.

mematiane SeZrwunebulia rusudanis am muxanaTuri ciliswamebiT sakuTari asu-

lis mimarT. marTlac, saqarTvelos istoriis kritikul periodSi - xvarazmelTa Se-

mosevisa da mongolTa tiraniis xanaSi - rusudanis figura, gansakuTrebiT Tamar

seljukTa dedoflis mimarT damokidebulebisas, ufro Sarl didis ~bizantiuri por-

tretebis~ personaJs miagavs, vidre didi Tamaris eTikuri tradiciebis memkvidre qar-

Tvel mefes, xolo misi asuli - nawilobriv mainc - qarTuli himnografiis gmir mar-

tvils. amas naTlad mowmobs Tamaris xvedri ikoniis samefo karze: ~xolo miiwia ra

wigni ese rusudanisa sultanis winaSe, myis aRSfoTda sultani da Sevida saxlsa sa-

dedoflosa da upatiod ganiTria coli Tvisi mofxuriTa TmaTaTa da ferxiTa Zlie-

rad uxeTqna pirsa missa Sueniersa da tani friadisa cemisagan sisxlisfrad iyo, da

xatni igi, romelni samaradisod aqundis savedreblad, winaSe maTsa Seaginna da damus-

rna, da yovelni mis winaSe myofni msaxurni eqsoria yvna da romelnime moswyvidna, da

colsa missa SeSinebiTa uTqmida uwyalod sikudilsa, ukeTu ara dauteos sjuli

qristesi da musulman iqmnas da mravalnica tanjvani SeamTxvivna, romlisa Semdgomad

mravalTa tanjvaTa mier momedgrebulman uar-uyo sjuli WeSmariti, rameTu xucesni

da xatni winaSe missa aqundes, ara farulad, aramed gancxadebulad~.

daviT laSas-Zes ki ~mravali tanjvani SeamTxvivnes~: jer iyo da zRvaSi gadais-

roles, magram zRvis piras gariyuli igi erT vaWars Seuvrdomia. es ambavi yiasedin

qaixusrevs gaugia, daviTi xelmeored Seupyria da Rrma, uwyalo da gvelebiT savse

~jurRmulSi~ Caugdia. rusudanis sikvdilis Semdeg, roca misi memkvidre daviT narini

mongolTa yaenTan iyo wargzavnili, xolo saqarTvelo umefod iyo darCenili, qarTve-

li didebulni Sesdgomian laSa-giorgis Zis Zebnas. rogorc Cans, am xanebSi sulTanic

darwmunebula daviTis ucodvelobaSi. radgan yiasedini ~lmobier iqmna~, man jurRmu-

lidan gamoayvanina daviTi, ~kninRa sulier myofi, friad pativisca da Sendobasa eved-

reboda~ da saqarTveloSi daabruna.

seljukTa sulTanis xasiaTis Serbilebasa da daSoSminebaSi didi roli unda

eTamaSna Tamars, mis saTno meuRles. gurji-xaTuns, rogorc Cans, male aRudgenia Ta-

visi zneobrivi prestiJi gaeWvianebuli meuRlis TvalSi.

22

litera gurji xaTuni

dedoflis cxovreba ikoniaSi kidev ara erTi dramatuli epizodiT unda yofili-

yo aRsavse. es is droa, roca misi meuRle qaixusrevi mongolebTan brZolebSia gabmu-

li da maTgan damarcxebuli, iZulebulia imave mongolebs eaxlos da Sewynareba iTx-

ovos. yiasedinis gardacvalebis (Tu kariskacTagan mokvlis?) Semdeg dedofali Tamari

meuRle xdeba misive qmris veziris, muineddin fervanesi. qarTveli mematianis cnobiT

~aRsrulebul iyo sultani didi salCuqiani yiasdin da monasa misa farmans mietaca

sultnoba da colica misi, asuli rusudanisi, gurji-xaTun mieyvana colad~. JamTaaR-

mwerlis es cnoba ~qarTlis cxovrebidan~, Tamaris ZaliT ~mitacebaze~ WeSmaritebas

unda Seicavdes, ramdenadac diqtator fervanes uzurpatoruli xasiaTi cnobilia

sxva wyaroebidanac (mas ~borot vezirs~ eZaxdnen). amitom nakleb damajerebelia is

cnoba, TiTqos yvelaferi umtkivneulod moxda da Tamari mas gahyva seljukTa samefo

karze miRebuli wesis Tanaxmad - sulTanis qvrivs Cveulebriv maxlobel kariskacs

(vezirs) atandnen xolme. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom gadmocemiT fervanes braldeboda

TviT Tamarisa da yiasedinis erT-erTi vaJis kiliC arslan IV-is mokvla.

fervane mTavari moRvawea seljukebis saxelmwifoSi, mongolTa epoqaSi. sxvadas-

xva masalebis mixedviT irkveva Tamaris - am ubeduri dedoflis - moraluri ambisi

koniis sulTanTa gamgeblobis mZime da kritikul periodSi. uwinares yovlisa, is

cdilobda Tavisi sjuli SeenarCunebina. jer kidev roca ~sulTan yiasedin qaixosro

II daqorwinda qarTvel princesaze (Tamarze), koniaSi Camovidnen qristiani mRvdlebi~.

Tamars saerTod arasodes gauwyvetia axlo kavSiri koniis qristianul wreebTan. isic

unda SevniSnoT, rom TviTon yiasedinic ar yofila morwmune muslimani, xolo mis

erT-erT Svils aTeistadac ki racxdnen.

ulamazes da ~srul-qmnil~ Tamar dedoflis sulier da gonebriv sidiades, naT-

lad mowmobs misi megobroba mTeli aRmosavleTis udides poetTan jelal ed-din

rumTan. magram sanam uSualod am sakiTxs SevexebodeT, ramdenime sityva unda vTqvaT

TviTon rumis Sesaxeb.

dasavleTiberieli biWi koelo da espanuri inkviziciis katalunie-

li bralmdebeli

mosamarTle - Tqven guSin ukve giTxres, raSic gedebaT brali, magram Cven movaleni

varT, Tu Tqveni survili iqneba, kidev erTxel SegaxsenoT im danaSaulebaTa Sesa-

xeb, raSic gamxiles wminda eklesiis keTilmsaxurma mamebma.

biWi koelo - CemTvis sulerTia, ra braldebiT gamasamarTlebT, CemTvis mTavaria vi-

code, rom sruliad udanaSaulo var RmerTis, papisa da eklesiis winaSe; me vici,

rom danaSauli ar Camidenia da amitomac dRes imis mosmena, rac guSin ukve giTxa-

riT, CemTvis zedmetia.

mosamarTle - magram am pativcemuli sazogadoebisaTvis sulac ar aris zedmeti imis

Sexseneba, rom Tqven, espaneTis qveSevrdomi da naTlobiT qristiani, maSin, roca es-

paneTSi da ara marto espaneTSi, papis eklesias gaafTrebiT ebrZvian urjulo sar-

kinozebi, rogorc Tavad aRiarebT, Tqvenis nebiT gaxdiT wevri mohamadis ordenisa,

romelic koniaSi daarsda WeSmariti eklesiis devnis mizniT.

biWi koelo - guSin ukve gipasuxeT Tqven da am pativcemul sazogadoebasac ganvumar-

te, rom koniis ordeni es aris sufi-derviSebis erToba, romelic daarsebulia poe-

23

litera gurji xaTuni

ti rumis mier da misi mizania ara vinmes an raimes mtroba, aramed siyvaruli Rmer-

Tisa da adamianisa.

mosamarTle - magram Tqven guSin aRiareT, rom monawileobas iRebdiT ritualebSi,

romelsac mistiuri uwodeT, Cven ki sakmaod jadoqrulad gveCvena is, rac Tqven

aRwereT da albaT TqvenTvisac ar unda iyos ucnobi yovelgvari jadoqrulis war-

moSoba. guSin Tqven imasac SeecadeT, rom koniis ordeni warmogeCinaT, rogorc ara

islamuri, aramed ubralod poeturi saZmo, sadac ara marto mahmadis rjulis, ara-

med sxva aRmsareblobis adamianebic erTiandebian...

biWi koelo - maT Soris qristianebic... mosamarTle - yvela qristians, vinc wmida eklesia dagmo, pasuxi moekiTxeba satanuri

codvebisTvis da Tqven ara xarT erTaderTi, vinc WeSmariti rwmenisaTvis anTebul

koconze sinanuliT daiferfleba.

biWi koelo - samyaroSi yvelaferi erTxel xdeba da arasodes meordeba, magram Tu

raRac orjer moxda, mesamedac moxdeba...

mosamarTle - amiT riTi Tqma gsurT? biWi koelo - rodesac gviyvars, mxolod maSin vcdilobT imaze ukeTesebi viyoT, vid-

re varT...

mosamarTle - ras gulisxmobT?

biWi koelo - udabnoSi wyurvilisagan mxolod maSin kvdebian, roca horizontze oa-

zisi gamoCndeba...

mosamarTle - gTxovT ganmartoT risi Tqma gsurT da ras gulisxmobT.

biWi koelo - vgulisxmob imas, risi Tqmac msurs - me udanaSaulo var da es Tqvenc

kargad iciT.

mosamarTle - Cven is viciT, rom wmida eklesiisagan gandgoma WeSmaritebis Ralatia,

xolo moRalate unda daisajos, radgan Ralatic SeiZleba misabaZi gaxdes maTTvis,

visac macxovrisa da papis erTguleba guliT swadia da WeSmariti eklesiisagan gan-

dgoma arasodes ufiqria...

biWi koelo - mec arasodes mifiqria eklesiis dagmoba, azradac arasodes momsvlia

papisa da qveynis Ralati... me mxolod swavla mindoda, imis swavla, rac ar vico-

di, rac mxolod aRmosavleTSi ician...

mosamarTle - swavla sikeTea, magram vinc satanur swavlebas ver ganarCevs WeSmari-

tebisagan, isic satanis msaxuri xdeba - eSmaki xSirad swored keTil gulebs eZebs.

biWi koelo - me veZebdi codnas, mindoda gamego, rogor miiReba oqro da arabul qa-

ravans udabnoSi gavyevi. bevri qveyanac moviare sanam aRmovaCendi, rom sinamdvileSi

oqro sulac ar aris is, rasac Cven oqros vuwodebT...

mosamarTle - Cvenc swored amas moviTxovT Tqvengan, Tqven unda aRiaroT, rom Sec-diT, aq, damswreTa winaSe unda aRiaroT, rom mzad xarT moinanioT da Tqven moge-

tevebaT yvela codva, rogorc uneblied Cadenili...

biWi koelo - me mTavari saganZuris povna mindoda. mosamarTle - mxolod danaSaulis aRiareba da gulwrfeli sinanuli gixsniT samar-

Tliani ganaCenisagan.

biWi koelo - Tu saganZuri SenSia, mxolod rCeulni xedaven mas...

mosamarTle - winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi Tqven koconze dagwvaven wminda eklesiis saxe-

liT da Tqveni ferflic ki ar eRirseba espaneTis samociqulo miwas...

24

litera gurji xaTuni

mevlana (gurji xaTuns)

mwyalobeli da didsulovani, saeWvo saqmeTagan ganridebuli, WeSmariti mona

(RmrTisa), qalbatonTa Rirseba, maT Soris yvelaze umwikvlo da namusiani, keTilbu-

nebovani da saTnomyofeli, momavlis mWvreteli, sikeTis mTesveli, didad pativdebu-

li fadiSahis bunebisa da batonT-batonis STamomavali xaTunis maRali da netari

bedniereba, keTilianoba da umwikvloeba maradiul hyos alahma, gazardos misi bedke-

Tiloba, dRiTidRe ganamtkicos da aRamaRlos. gaasxivosnos misi megobarTa Tvalni,

daamxos da miwasTan asworos mteri misni. sarwmunoebisa da ama qveynis saWiroebani

xelewifos da oriv qveynis bednierebas ewios, muhamedisa da mis STamomavalT guli-

saTvis.

am erTguli monis salamisa da xotbis Semdgom, uwyodeT, rom Tqveni bednierebiT

gasxivosnebuli saxis xilva imdenad mwads, rom Cemi survili zRvarudebelia. maRalma

RmerTma uwyis, ar aris arc erTi wami, rom ar vfiqrobde im erTaderTi xaTunis

mdgomareobaze. Tqven mier gaRebuli arc erTi fadiSahiseburi mowyaleba, arc erTi

Tqveni saubari, qvelmoqmedeba da didsulovneba miviwyebuli araris. RmerTs vvedrebT

da vloculobT. magram TqvenTan mosvlis an werilis moweris saSualeba ar maqvs.

Tumca es erTaderTma xaTunis naTelma gulma wmidaTa wmida sulmac kargad uwyis; da

amdenad uxvsityvobad ar Rirs. RvTisadmi gankuTvnili siyvaruli Cveni sikvdiliT da

sicocxliT ar Semcirdeba. mowiwebiT gekiTxebiT, Tu ra gardagxdaT Tavs. Tqveni

mdgomareoba mainteresebs. madloba maRal RmerTs, bolo xanebSi Tqveni kargadyofnis,

janmrTelobisa da bed-keTilobis ambavi Sevityve, Zalian mZime da Znelad asatan am-

bebs hqonda adgili, magram yovelive es Tqveni Rirsebis amaRlebis, keTili saqmis,

bednierebisa da Svebis mopovebis sababi da safuZvelia. erTaderTi xaTuni mTeli arse-

biT alahs mindobia, miT imedovnebs; maRali RmerTis mowyalebis da Semweobis Semyu-

rea. dabolos, RmerTis, unetaresi da maradiuli mowyaleba mis dardebs wamlad moev-

lineba, mis usiamovno xelmocarulobas TviTonve gamoasworebs (mis okrobokro xrams

TviTonve SeakeTebs). ase rom, alahis gza - es aris misi unarisa da mcdelobis gza.

is, dausabamo da uwinaresi, erTaderTi RmerTi. winaswarmetyvelebs da wmindanebs, ro-

melTac saxe miupyriaT RmrTisken da misi wyalobis moimedeni arian, mZime ubedure-

bebs miuzRavs xolme, raTa isini gamoscados da gamoafxizlos. iqamdisac ki, rom ui-

medo mdgomareobaSi Cavardnilebs mtrebi etyvian: Tqven RmerTis mowyalebaze qada-

gebT, ambobT, rom RmrTis Rvino SesviTo, axla ki aseTi (umweoa) Tqveni mdgomareoba.

Tanalmobis xeli ar gamogiwodaTo. - niSans ugeben maT. isinic pasuxoben: Cven sxeu-

liTa da xorcis vnebiT varT uZlurni, usasoni da uimedod movTqvamT, magram gulSi

mtkice aRTqma gvaqvs; Cveni rwmena uryevia, darwmunebuli varT, rom RmerTis gza sa-

marTliania. dabolos es Sxami - Saqrad iqceva CvenTvis. dasadgurebuli sibnele, sa-

dac vimyofebiT, gasxivosndeba. Cven damxobil bednierebas aRamaRlebs. dabolos ase

xdeba xolme: ~momavali cxovreba jildod eqmnesT maT, romelTac eSiniaT~. RmerTis

Tanlmoba, mowyaleba gadmoRvrilia. yoveli gancdisa da wamebis nacvlad asiaTasobiT

sitkbos Seicnobs. yovel ganSorebas asi-aTasobiT Serwyma da SeerTeba mohyveba, aTia-

TasobiT bednierebas eweviT. ~mas ukan davixsnaT Cveni movlinebulni da iginic, ro-

melTac iwamon. samarTalia, morwmuneebi davis xanaT~.

25

litera gurji xaTuni

sxva ra gauwyo, ra mogiTxro (aqauri ambebi)? didi Tu patara, yvela dRe da Ra-

me im bednierebis salocavad, gaWirvebulTa da umweoTa Semwe kerpisTvis xelebs

aRapyroben. im erTaderTi xaTunis naxvas mowyurebulni arian, yvelas dids Tu pata-

ras vinc Tqven Tayvans gcemT, salami da mokiTxva.

elizbar javeliZe (akademikosi)

mevlanas cnobili Turbes (akldamis) aSenebaSic gurji­xaTuns gadamwyveti roli

uTamaSia. eflaqi mogviTxrobs: „roca mevlana am qveynidan gadasaxlda, alemeddin kai-

sers (RmerTma Seiwyalos) surda, wminda Turbes aSeneba da iseTi saflavis gakeTeba,

romlis msgavsic qveyanaze ar unda yofiliyo: es survili man auwya sulTan veledis

(mevlanas vaJs), sulTan veledim hkiTxa: materialuri xarjisaTvis ra Tanxa gaqvso?

alemeddin kaiserma upasuxa: ocdaaTi aTasi dirhemio. sulTan veledi gancvifrda da

hkiTxa: am TanxiT rogor Sesleb aSenebaso, alemeddinma upasuxa: sxvasac, Cemo ufalo,

maluli qveynidan gviwyalobeben. Tuki es asea, ­ uTxra veledim ­ samarTlianad gada-

giwyvetia da wminda Senobis aSeneba daiwye.“ alemeddini im Rames sulTanis sasaxlis

banze avida da iseTi locvis momcveli siyvaruli da vnebis aRmZvreli beiTebi wai-

kiTxa, rom sityva ver ityvis. am garemoebiT gurji xaTunis uwmindesoba da fervane

uaRresad kmayofilni darCnen da uxvad cremli Rvares. diliT msaxuri gagzavnes da

alemeddini ixmes, saqcieli mouwones da 80 aTasi dirhemi sulTanisa misces. mere xa-

laTiT Semoses da kaiseris Semosavlidanac 50 aTasi dirhemi uwyalobes“

es grandiozuli Turbe dResac koniis arqiteqturis mSvenebaa. misi mniSvneloba

uaRresad didi iyo. igi iqca faqtiurad mevleviobis dafuZnebis kerad. am faqtidan

naTlad Cans, Tu ra did kulturul­sazogadoebriv moRvaweobas eweoda Cveni Tanamema-

mule selCukianTa sasaxlis karze. yovelive zemoTqmulis Semdeg, eWvs ar unda iwvev-

des is azri, rom gurji xaTuni mevlevielTa mimdevari iyo.

roca Tamar dedoflis meuRle sulTani yiasedini qaixosro II gardaicvala (Tu

mokles), qveynis gamgebloba xelT igdo sulTanis mrCevelma da vezirma muineddin su-

leiman fervanem da selCukianTa tradiciebis mixedviT, sulTanis meuRlec ­ gurji

xaTuni colad moiyvana. rogorc Cans, dedofali marTlac saocari silamazis patroni

iyo da uCveulo zemoqmedebis Zala gaaCnda. meore meuRlesac, fervanas, TavdaviwyebiT

Sehyvarebia igi da mis yovel brZanebasa Tu Txovnas usityvod asrulebda. amaze mety-

velebs eflaqis wyaroSi moTxrobili erTi ambavi: „qveynierebis dedofali gurji xa-

Tuni muineddin fervaneze gabrazda. sasaxlis didebulebi da divanis naibebi evedre-

bodnen, fervanas danaSauli apatie da Seurigdio. gurji xaTuni aras gziT ar Tan-

xmdeboda. bolos Tqva: mxolod erTi pirobiT davTanxmdebio. fervanam aRuTqva, rom

rasac isurvebda, yvelafers Seusrulebda da amaze aRTqma dado. gurji xaTunma uTx-

ra: Cemi piroba da survili erTia, Sen unda ganmSordeo. fervana sagonebelSi Cavarda.

ar icoda, ra moemoqmeda. amis gamo mevlanas sTxova, raime gamosavali moeZebna. mevla-

namac urCia: misi es survili gaaWianure da yovelTvis uTxari, ­ gageyrebio.“

es patara monakveTic, romelic istoriul faqts unda gadmogvcemdes, kargad

axasiaTebs Tamar dedoflis mtkice xasiaTsa da uaRresad natif gonebamaxvilobas.

marTlac eWvmiutaneli unda iyos is faqti, rom im droindeli selCukianTa sasul-

Tnos sazogadoebrivi azris warmarTvaSi gurji xaTuns gadamwyveti xma ekuTvnoda.

26

litera gurji xaTuni

aRmosavleTis Cinebuli poeti jelaled­din rumic didi pativiTa da mokrZale-

biT eqceoda Tavis mfarvel murids gurji­xaTuns. es mzeurdeba poetis epistolaru-

li memkvidreobidanac, romelmac Cvenamdec moaRwia da gamocemulia rogorc sparsul,

aseve Turqul enebze. jelal ed-din rumis epistolarul memkvidreobaSi aris ori

werili, romlis adresatic gurji xaTuni unda iyos. am werilebis mimarTvis manera

da Sinaarsis zogierTi mxare eWvmiutanels xdis, rom misi adresati gurji xaTunia.

rogorc irkveva, erTi werilis daweris mizezi dedoflis avadmyofobaa, xolo meori-

sa ­ raRac usiamovno istoriaa, romelic gurji xaTuns gadaxdomia Tavs. werilebSi

naTlad Cans is Rrma pativiscema da mokrZaleba, romelsac amJRavnebda aRmosavleTis

udidesi poeti jelaled­din rumi gurji xaTunisadmi da agreTve is sulieri naTesa-

oba, rac maT Soris arsebobda. es werilebi sainteresoa mevlanas msoflmxedvelobis

garkvevis TvalsazrisiTac.

reze ahmed baTuri

am qarTvelebis qveyanaSi, Cvengan gansxvavebiT, qalebica da kacebic TiTo saxels

atareben da iSviaTad Tu ityvian, rom ama Tu im gvars ekuTvnian. is Cemi munasibic ki,

oqros saZebnelad rom gavyevi svaneTis mTebSi, raRac ucnob saxels irqmevs da qar-

Tvelebsac Zalian ukvirT, rom giorgi hqvia da sxva saxels ki eZebs. saerTod saxe-

lis Zebna am qarTvelebs Zlier uyvarT da am TmagaCeCilma RoRoberisZem rad moindo-

ma oqros moZieba, verc mivxvdi, sanam TviTon ar miambo, rom im oqroTi gurji-xaTu-

nis gamosyidva surda seljukebis sulTnisgan. is gurji-xaTuni, Tqvenc kargad uwyiT,

rom gias ed-dinis colia rumSi da seljukebis sulTans ki oqro da margaliti uT-

valavad aqvs da asec rom ar iyos, is gurji-xaTuni Turme iseTi Wkviani da lamazia,

rom seljukebi sul magis mzesa hficuloben. es rom vuTxari am imerel aSuRs, Zli-

er ganawyenda - Cven eg Tamari aq samefod gvinda, rogorc brZeni qali da Cven rom

gvaqvs, iseTi oqro seljukebs ara aqvT da gurji-xaTunsac dagviTmoben, imitom rom

Cveni oqrosgan melani mzaddeba da seljukebs ki Zalian undaT, anbani Seqmnano. ai,

aseTi ucnauri xalxia es iberielebi da raRa unda meTqva im giorgisTvis, romelsac

sjera, rom seljukebi dedofals asoebSi gacvlian. amitomac Cumad mivyvebodi im miu-

val gzebze, svaneTis mTebSi, sadac mudam iyo Cveni mokvlis Tu ara dasaxiCrebis xi-

faTi, razec es imereli aSuRi ambobda, nu geSinia kacs Wriloba kidec amSvenebs da

kidec sWirdebao - kaci rac mets sisxls daRvris, ufro cota Tmebi dascvivdebao,

ai qalebs Tmebi imitom ar scvivaT kacebisagan gansxvavebiT, rom yovels TveSi er-

Txel mainc sisxlsa Rvriano. ai aseTs ucnaurs kacs gadaveyare iberielebis qveyanaSi

da oqros mTas rom ver mivagnebdiT, albaT mixvdiT. romc migvegno, oqros rom iqidan

aravin gamogvatanda, advilad daijerebT, Tu im svanebzec mogiTxrobT, im mTebSi rom

cxovroben...

batoni akaki gawerelia

jelal ed-din rumis wyalobiT konia XIII saukuneSi mTeli aziis sulieri ga-

naTlebis centrad iqca. rumis mSobliuri sparsuli saliteraturo ena iyo saerTod

27

litera gurji xaTuni

seljukebis dros mcire aziaSi, Txzulebani iwereboda umTavresad am enaze (ufro

naklebad - arabulad), xolo Turquli ena ki gavrcelebuli iyo xalxSi salapara-

kod. sainteresoa jelal ed-dinisa da misi garemocvis damokidebuleba berZnul da

saerTod qristianul wreebTan. udidesi poeti da moazrovne antiTurquli orienta-

ciisa yofila, igi Tayvanismcemeli iyo berZnuli kulturisa, mis panTeistur msof-

lmxedvelobaSi xSirad vxvdebiT neoplatonizmis elementebs da logikur viTarebad

unda miviCnioT is garemoeba, rom jelal ed-din rumi didi gavleniT sargeblobda

orTodoqsaluri muslimanobis mimarT gulgril yiasedinze, Tamar gurji-xaTunis pir-

vel meuRleze. rac Seexeba fervanes, gurji-xaTunis meore qmars, misTvis jelal ed-

din rumi namdvil kerps warmoadgenda. koniis diqtatori fervane mxolod rumis wi-

naSe ixrida Tavs. rumi, rogorc es Seefereboda sufiuri msoflmxedvelobis poetsa

da humanists, xSirad esarCleboda ubralo xalxs. erTxel muinedin fervanes guli

mosvlia koniis mcxovreblebze, maT elodaT auracxeli ubedureba mkacri vezirisgan

da mxolod poetis gamoqomagebis Semdeg daTanxmebula igi mosaxleobisaTvis gadasaxa-

dis Semcirebaze. jelal ed-din rumis patara baraTi (fervanes igi mowiwebiT Tvalze

aufarebia) sakmarisi aRmoCnda imisaTvis, rom xalxi awiokebas gadarCeniliyo. cnobi-

li mkvlevari gordlevski wers, rom yovlisSemZle ministri albaT imitom moiqca

ase, rom igi, viTarca miuridi, movale iyo sityvis Seubruneblad aesrulebia Seixis

anu rumis neba-survilio. am veziris Svilebic yovelTvis didi gulisyuriT usmendnen

jelal ed-dinis xmas da mevlevisadmi maT pativiscemas sagvareulo midrekileba hqo-

nia. magram rumisadmi sayovelTao Tayvaniscemis fonze yvelaze momxiblavia mainc Ta-

mar dedoflis megobroba koniis genialur mkvidrTan. yvelafridan Cans, rom rusuda-

nis asuli mdidrad da brwyinvaled cxovrobda Tavis koniiseul palatebSi. erTxel

mas as oTxmoci aTasi dinari gadauxdia mitanili Zvirfasi badaxSis safasurad. da ai

es dedofali, didi Tamar mefis SviliSvili, ulamazesi da yovelmxriv srulqmnili

qali rumis Tayvanismcemlad da megobrad gvevlineba. rumis biograf afliakze day-

rdnobiT koniis saxelmwifos istorikosi hyveba: ~gurji-xaTunis Svili sulTani ki-

liC arslani jelal ed-din rums ~mamad~ moixseniebda, xolo misi qarTveli deda,

dedofali Tamari, uaxloesi megobari iyo didi poetisa. swored gurji-xaTunis dava-

lebiT daxata ainuddulem rumis portretebi, romelic dedofals mudam Tan dahqon-

da, rogorc poetis samosis nawili~.

SeuZlebelia am urTierTobaSi ar davinaxoT dedoflis Rrma sulieri kavSiri

koniis yvelaze diad inteleqtualur mnaTobTan. ueWvelia, qristiani qarTveli qali

Tavisi sulieri simZimilis Tanaziarad xdida mas. motanili cnobidanac kargad Cans,

Tu ramdenad maxlobeli yofila sulierad rumi koniis mdidari dedoflisaTvis, ro-

melsac poeti-moZRvrisa da sufi-derviSis Raribuli da uxeSi Salis xalaTi uZvir-

fases reliqviad miuCnevia. mTels am urTierTobaSi mSvenier moments Seadgens TviTon

jelal ed-din rumis sapasuxo megobroba Tamar dedofalTan. igive afliaki gvacno-

bebs, rom jelal ed-din rumic ar iyo gulgrili gurji-xaTunis mimarT da poetma

koniis qarTvel dedofals swored is saidumloebiT moculi yvavilebi aCuqa ceilo-

nis serendibedan, romliTac gurji-xaTuni SemdgomSi avadmyofebs kurnavda...

28

litera gurji xaTuni

mgzavri

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hjvtkbw fk,fs yt,bcvbth gfnbjcfy rfwc foe[t,c dbyw hfqfwfc othc

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hjv fvfjl eylf lfdidht vfbyw fhct,j,c xtvib lf vb[fhbf

fh vb[fhbf hjv vehpf.fy jh,tkvf vjrkf ceksfyb .bfctlbyb

v[jkjl bvbnjv hjv vbcb wjkb e.dfhlf ]th rbltd chekbfl .vfodbkc

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hecelfybc cfvtaj rfhc vbf,fhf

eahj cfvoe[fhj bc fhbc mfhsdtkvf it.dfht,ekvf eitltujl

vjrkf ctkxert,bc ceksfyb hflufy sehmekb otct,bc sfyf[vfl

mdhbdb ltljafkb gbhdtkbdt dtpbhc lfhxf wjkfl

xdtybc dfhfelbs vehpf.fyvf vtnjmt vjrkf vfiby hjwf vb[dlf hjv

ueh]b [fseyc sfdbcb mvfhb ite.dfhlf

itb kt,f dwlt,bs vfuhfv dbyw fh wlt,f fhw abmhj,c lf dbyw fh

abmhj,c fhw fhct,j,c

anakuS mamikuniani

ese qalaqi ikoniumi, ZveliTganve qebuli mwignobarTagan, friad Svenieri ars WeSmaritad. quCe-

bi da sasaxleni naSenni TliliTa qviTa dia ganacvifrebs mnaxvelsa da aqaurni moqalaqeni ki didad

amayoben, rome maTs qalaqsa Sina iRvwodes brZenTa swori filosofosi igi jalal ed-din rumi,

romelsaca pativs miageben yoveli eri da beri misisa sxivosani gonebisa da keTilxmovanis gulisa

gamo. filosofosi da meleqse igi warCinebuli jelal ed-din rumi, romelsac mevlanad uxmoben

ikoniasa da mTels selCukeTSi, aris mohamadis sjulisa, TucaRa sityvai misi izraxeba Soris ara

oden alahis ZeTa, aramed qristianTa, iudevelTa, berZenTa, maiumTa, somexTa, laTinTa da sxvaTa da

sxvaTa, romelni mravlad iyvnes koniasa da rumSi. xolo asuli Tqueni da dedofali selCukTa Ta-

mari miuridia mevlana rumisa da agreTveca didaT megobrobs bibi munajimes, romeli ars halali

deda amaTis meistoriesi ibn-bibisa. ese bibi munajime gulisa mesaidumle Tquenisa asulisa gurji--

xaTunisa didad saxelovani mcodne gaxlavsT varskvlavTamricxvelobisa da maszed ubnoben, rome

varskvlavT mkiTxveloba mometebulad kargad uwyis da TviT sulTanica da mxedrobac misi mudamJam

ekiTxebian rCevasa da mnaTobTa ambavTa omisa win da mermedac. siZeman Tqvenman qaixusrevma mravlad

mosWra dirhemi igi, saca mzemnaTobi saxe xatia asulisa Tqvenisa Tamarisi da lomi ki unda niSnav-

des uZlevelsa sulTansa da dirhemni ese mswrafl ganivrca mTels qveynierebaze da Tquenisa dide-

bulebisa samefoSic albaT ukve mimoicvlebis.

agreTveca msurs mogweroT da gauwyoT, rom asulsa Tquensa da selCukTa dedofalsa gurji-

xaTunsa, gardametebulisa siyvaruliTa etrfian yovelni selCukni da mdabiursa xalxsaca gansakuT-

rebulis ZaliT uyvarT igi Tamari Semdgomad brZanebisa misisa, rome gaiefdes puri yovelsgan koni-

asa Sina. raica Seexeba mosalodnelsa omsa biCvi-noinsa da Tquenisa siZisa spaTa Sua, viTarca iTqua,

aw gardauvali ars omi ese. sxvafriv sufevdes mSvidobai aRmosavleTisa rumisa queyanaSi, Tuca daZ-

rwodes wvril-wvrilni avazakni, romelTaca moisurves amaswineebzed gancarcva monisa Tquenisa si-

liSiTgan momavalisa, saca movinaxule borjRalni kldeebzed Tquenisa brZanebisamebr da ukana gza-

29

litera gurji xaTuni

zed ki amedevnen igini avazakni gzisa mekobreni. jereT gardavugde maT sabarcxeli, rogorc gviswav-

lnia mama-papaTagan da mermed danarCenni, rac ro momepovebodnen Tana. movel mSvidobiT koniasa da

ima Ramesa iTovlna isre Zriel, rome guliTa gankvirdnen yovelni yrmani da didni, rameTu didTov-

loba aq friad gansacvifrebeli ram ars. Tuca, zamTari male gatyda da kvlaca movixile siliSisa

borjRalni, raiTa gamego, siTgan gaCTen qarTulni borjRalni Suaguls anatoliasa Sina, rogorca

Tquen mibrZanebdeT. Tuca jereT ver avxseniT ese ucnauri movlena da verca vnaxeviT kacni an qal-

ni, vinca gvipasuxebden da agvixsnidnen saidumlosa amasa. agreTveca gauwyoT minda, rom movixileT

alajahoiuqi, iozgaTi da amasia, saca Semogveyaren venecielni vaWarni, romelTa qaravansa wina uZRo-

da marko polo - romelica pativiTa miRebul iqna Tquensa samefosa mier raodenimesa wlisa wineT,

roca igi eswrafoda Cinelebisa queynisa xilvasa da axla ki brundeboda Sina SvidobiTa mosruli

anatoliasa. masa Tana axlden evropielni qalni grZeliTa kabebiTa, romelica Ture Slides nakva-

levsa qalurisa sisxlisa. igi venecieli marko polo apirobda koniisa gavliTa samSoblo queyani-

saken miqcevasa da gamomkiTxna ambavni iqaurni da mometebulad mkiTxavda asulisa Tquenisa Tamarisa

siturfe-aRmatebulobasa. mermed igi vnaxeviT koniasa Sina, saca mTxovda Cuqebasa qarTulisa Coxisa,

romeli naCuqari ars daviTisa kakauriZisgan da verRara davsTme igi naCuqari Coxa, rameTu qarTu-

lisa wesisamebr naCuqarisa Cuqeba ara egebis. xolo maSin venecielman vaWarman miTxra, ro me viyavi to-

miT somxisa da ara iberielisa da qarTulisa wesisa darRveva ki amisa gamo mometeveboda, Tuca mtkice

uarzed davdeq da Coxa ese mainca davirCine CemTvina. agreTveca saidumlod gamcnobT mravalTa zraxvasa Cemda momarT, romelTaca surdeT msaxure-

bai Cemi maTisa zraxvaTa da mizanTa sasargeblod, magram erTguleba monisa Tquenisa Tquenda mimarT

ars umtkicesi da TucaRa viyo tomiTa somexTa, ara giRalato Sen mefeTmefeo rusudan da erTgu-

lebaman Cemman gaasxivosnos didebani Senni.

juzepe karbone

Zmao luka,

axla roca qarTvelTa mefe rusudani miicvala da gaurkvevelic aris iberielTa

samefo taxtis momavali bedi, romelsac, aravin icis, rogor gadawyveten monRol-Ta-

TarTa urdoSi, Cven, vatikanisagan Sors myof yvela WeSmaritad qristianul misione-

rebs - dominikanelebsac da franCeskanelebsac, gansakuTrebiT gvmarTebs daxmareba da

urTierTgageba. garda amisa, kardinalebs ukve mivwereT da Tqvenc gvinda, rom gamcnoT

im devnisa da Seviwroebis Sesaxeb, romelsac saqarTveloSi ukve vgrZnobT rogorc

dominikanelebi, aseve franCeskanelebi. arcerTs wina relacionSi, sadac aRvwereT am

xalxis zne-Cveulebani, ar gviTqvams, rom Cveni mtrebi ukve aSkarad moqmedoben Cvens

winaaRmdeg, radgan imedi gvqonda, rom es iyo erTeuli SemTxvevebi Cveni Seviwroebisa

da aRar ganmeordeboda. aseTi iyo survili yoveli wevrisa sapropagando kontregaci-

idan, romelic mcirericxovania rogorc dominikelTa, aseve franCeskanelTa Semadgen-

lobaSi, magram maTi Rvawli ukve sakmaod didia im Sromis gamo, rasac veweviT jiuti

qarTvelebis qveyanaSi. Tumca isini xSirad iseTi keTilni da lmobierni arian, rom

guliT gvikvirs. gvakvirvebs agreTve umSvenieresi aRnagobisa da saxis qarTveli qale-

bis samxedro varjiSic, romlis msgavsi sxva qveyanaSi iSviaTia da arsad gvinaxavs -

amxedrebulni da SeWurvilni arian ara marto didgvarovanni da sefe qalebi, aramed

TavadaznaurTa da glexTa wridan gamosuli moxdenili mandilosnebic. gasakviria isic

rom aq sikvdiliT dasja mxolod maSin xdeba damnaSavisa, Tu igi eklesias gaZarcvavs.

damnaSave isjeba xSirad jvarze gakvriT, oRond RamiT da ara dRisiT da Rame unda

30

litera gurji xaTuni

iyos qariSxliani da avdriani. radgan wina relacionSi aRgiwereT iberia, axla mci-

red getyviT kolxeTis Sesaxeb. es aris qveyana, romelzedac antikuri xanis poetebs

aqvT SeTxzuli, rom iazonma gadmolaxa zRva da saberZneTSi Caitana oqros sawmisio.

garemoxazuloba kolxeTisa TiTqmis oTxi aTasi stadiaa; dafarulia imdenad xSiri

tyiT, rom iSviaTia macxovrebeli. kolxeTis CrdiloeTiT mdebare mTas uwodeben ko-

raqss, aRmosavleTiTa da samxreTidan mas naxevar wred ekvris kavkasioni. am mTebidan

farTo mdinareebad moedinebian mudmivad moCxriale wylebi, sxvaTa Soris, sasmelad

sasiamovnoni. yvelaze did mdinares uwodeben silvis an sturions, romelSic saukeTe-

so gemos Tevzebia, meore mdinares ki - faziss, romelic iberias hkveTs da hyofs

kolxeTisagan. misi midamoebi umTavresad ganTqmulia xoxbebiT, romlisaganac miiRo

saxelwodeba ~fazianusi~, xolo buneba yvela sikeTes iZleva. aq arsebul balaxebs

uSesaniSnavesi Tvisebebi gaaCniaT, xSirad didi surnelebis gamo ki aqaur yvavilTa

aromati adamianis Tavis tvinisagan autaneli xdeba xolme. marwyvis gemo xom yvela-

fers aWarbebs. es miwa uSvelebeli gvelebiTaa savse, xolo morielebi aq naklebSxami-

anebi arian. sawoli oTaxis mowyobilobas Seadgens sareceli an zanduki, xis yuTi Tu

xelovnebiT nakeTebi sxva ram. yvela tbaSi didi raodenobiTaa bayayi da mgoni es imi-

tomaa, rom es mxare didi sinestiT xasiaTdeba. Zlieri tenianoba mraval avadmyofobas

aCens. swored amitom gvxvdeba ase xSirad kolxebSi wyalmankis avadmyofoba da cieb-

cxeleba, aseve sxva avadmyofobebic xSiria.

yvelaze saWiro sakvebs warmoadgens marili am mxareSi da Tu gsurs maTi keTil-

ganwyobis mopoveba, marili unda aCuqo, magram marili Cven iSviaTad mogvepoveba da

iZulebulni varT locviTa da Cveni saTnoebiT keTilad ganvawyoT isini papisa da

WeSmariti eklesiis mimarT. Tumca amas xSirad dro sWirdeba, Cven ki zogjer gadaad-

gileba gviwevs, radgan aqauri didgvarovanni ar gvaZleven nebas didxans vicxovroT

erT adgilas. miuxedavad amisa da sxva dabrkolebisa, Cven mainc movaxerxeT da Cveni

ganbana miiRes mravalma kolxma da iberielma, romelnic gandobilni, gaziarebulni

gaxdnen wminda moweseobisa da aseTi naTlobiT moinaTlnen da Cvens moZRvrebasac mi-

endnen. Cven gvimZims, magram yovelgvars borotebas sikeTiT vpasuxobT, radgan Cvenis

Rrma rwmeniT mxolod saTnoebas SeuZlia yvela adamiani moiyvanos jvarcmis fexebTan

da kaTolikur sarwmunoebamde, raTa SevusruloT romis umaRles mRvdelmTavars misi

survili. RmerTma igi Cvens sakeTildReod kargad amyofos da daifaros wminda ekle-

siis mtrebis yovelgvari borotebisagan. amasTanave goneba gaunaTldes mas, masze min-

dobili faris mosavlelad, rom kidev meti misionerebi gagzavnos cbier aRmosavlel

mtrebTan. kaTolikuri eklesiebi wyvdiadisa da moRalateobis aCrdilTa Sorisaa, sa-

dac mxolod demoni zeimobs da ara qriste, romelmac Tavisi sisxli daRvara yvela-

saTvis.

sisxli aq, qarTvelTa qveyanaSic bevri iRvreba da kidev bevri daiRvreba, Tu

isini yvelani ar Seudgebian qristes da ar mivlen WeSmarit eklesiaSi.

umorCilesad gTxovT rom Tu moicaloT wignis mosawerad, gviTxraT koniisa da

selCukTa qarTveli dedoflis Tamaris Sesaxeb, romelsac musulmanebi gurji-xaTuns

uwodeben da aq qarTvelTa qveyanaSi, didi Tu patara, yvelani iTxoven mis dabrunebas

samSobloSi da mis gamefebas natruloben, rogorc misi bebiis didi Tamarisa, romlis

mefobis Jamsac iberielTa dideba qveynierebas swvdeboda. ramdenime didgvarovanma isic

ki miTxra, rom miswereT wigni Tqvens qristes moadgiles rom daexmaros Turqebis

qarTvel dedofals iberiaSi dasabruneblado. SeiZleba sxva qveynebSi didad gaukvir-

deT, rom xalxi aq ase mowadinebulia qalis gamefebis, magram visac unaxavs qarTvel

qalTa cxeniT jiriTi, misTvis Zneli ar iqneba daijeros rom eseni amazonebi arian,

31

litera gurji xaTuni

radgan cxenze kacebiviT sxdebian da daaWeneben. hyavT agreTve sxvadasxva juris bo-

loniis jiSiani ZaRlebi da aqauri qalebi iseT did pativSi arian, rom kacebi Rvinos

svamen qalebis win muxlmoyrilni, aqauri episkoposebic aseve iqcevian. roca qalebis

winaSe qarTveli kacebi svamen Rvinos, isini xSirad Wiqebis magier fexsacmels iyene-

ben da xSirad adRegrZeleben qalebs da Rvinosac Zalian bevrs svamen. romidan maTma

umaRlesoba-uganaTlebulesoba kardinalebma agreTve gamoTqves survili mieRoT sru-

li cnobebi yvelafer imaze, rac Seexeba TamaSobas am mxareSi da Tqvenc getyviT, rom

yvelaze metad uyvarT cxenebiT burTis TamaSi. saqarTveloSi, roca kacs gaicnoben,

gulkeTilobis saCveneblad ZRveni da mowyaleba miaqvT, ufro meti, vidre Cvens qveya-

naSi aris miRebuli. agreTve unda giTxraT isic, rom berZnebi Zlier gvebrZvian ibe-

rielebis qveyanaSi - Cveni patrebi aq aSeneben, berZnebi ki wvaven imas, rasac Cveni

patrebi aSeneben, magram Cveni patrebi amaze suliT ar ecemian da yovelmxriv exmare-

bian qarTvelebs. magaliTad me davuwere maT ariTmetikis wigni, radgan qarTvelebs es

mecniereba akliaT. isini iTvlian xelebiT, xiT, qviT. me ki krialosani SevuTanxme maT

simZimes da sawyaoebs.

saqarTvelos samefoSi yvela saxis nadiria, gansakuTrebiT irmebi. qarTvelebi Za-

lian vaJkaci xalxia isris tyorcnaSi. nanadirevze qeifs awyoben mdeloze. mokluli

cxovelis Tavze Rvinis ramdenime wveTs daaqceven xolme da amboben: ~asre gamarjvebu-

li iyavi me da Cemi patroni Cemi inteni feda~, yvela pasuxobs - amin. aseve mivwere

wminda samociqulo taxts da Tqvenc gacnobebT, rom qarTvelebs da berZnuli wesis

yvela qristians, rogorc Cven romael kaTalikosebs, ori juris berebi hyavT.

mRvdlisaTvis nebadarTulia erTi coli, xolo berebs ki, romelnic wminda basilis

yvela wess didi simkacriT asruleben - TavianT monasterSi akrZaluli aqvT iyolion

mdedrobiTi sqesis yovelgvari bewviani cxoveli, rogoricaa Txa, kata da msgavsi

cxovelebi. icvamen sqel tilos, yovelTvis Savzolebian, JRali Calis fers...

mRvdlebi Cven yovelmxriv cudad gvepyrobian, maSinac ki roca maTnair RmrTismsaxu-

rebas vasrulebT. sawinaaRmdegos amboben da surT, rom Semacvlevinon sarwmunoeba, me

ki piriqiT - msurs vimoRvaweo swored iq, sadac meti gansacdelia da Cemi mxriT si-

amovnebiT davTanxmdebodi im mTebSi wasvlaze adamianTa gansanaTleblad, sadac svanebi

cxovroben, romlebsac ar hyavT sarwmunoebis maswavlebeli da me iq SemeZlo bevri

sargeblobis motana - ganmenaTlebina adamianebi da momenaTla kaTakmevelni, svaneTi

xom uZvelesi da ukeTilSobilesi nawilia kavkasiisa. Tumca sadac ar unda viyo me an

sxva Cveni patrebi, yvelgan mohyavT avadmyofebi samkurnalod.

yvelaze sasixarulo mainc is aris, rom male baRdaTSi misionis axali TavSesa-

fari gveqneba, oRond ar agerioT, rom saqarTveloSic aris sofeli baRdadi, rogorc

qalaqi baRdadi babilonis eraySi.

da kidev erTxel gTxovT rom momweroT im Tqveni gurji-xaTunis ambavi, romlis

qebac yovels fexis nabijze gvesmis.

vilocebT TqvenTvis.

mevlana (gurji-xaTuns)

svebednieris, didsulovanis, angelozis garegnobis, gulmCqefaris, sxivosanis, mo-

naTa siamayis, aRkvecilTa mSvenebis, RmrTis morwmunis, momavlis ganmWvretelis, Ra-

32

litera gurji xaTuni

takTa mfarvelis janmrTeloba da keTilyofa adidos da akurTxos ufalma. im kerps,

vinc brZana, ~romelic mkurnebs, roca avad var~, vevedrebi da vemudarebi. alahma im

xaTunis umwikvloeba maradiulhyos, misi sidiade aRamaRlos, Tavisi samkurnalodan,

romelic arasodes ar daingreva, Tavisi zRvarudebeli Tanlmobisa da didsulovnobis

saganZuridan argunos im saTnos gankurnebis SarbaTi, da gvamis, sarwmunoebisa da gu-

lis siwmindis wamali uwyalobos, radganac misia saTno arseba - RatakTa uaxloesi

da ganuyreli megobaria, gaWirvebulTa safarvelia. is sulmouTqmelad (erT wuTs

rom ar kargavs) mis TayvaniscemaSia, mogzaurT WeSmarit gzas, yovel nabijsa da yo-

vel sunTqvaSi marTebul gzas aCvenebs. maT, rac unari Seswevs, darigebebs aZlevs,

mTeli Tavisi arsebiT qvelmoqmedebas da mowyalebis gaRebas eZleva. RmerTs monobs.

eulobis samyaroSi RmerTs SesTxovs da evedreba. igi TayvaniscemaSi odnavadac ver

iqneba daviwyebuli da damcirebuli. is iotisoden sikeTes mTad aqcevs. naklis mTas

ki iotisodenad aqcevs. radganac me vbrZane, da xalxi ararsebobidan saCino vyav, maT

sicocxle da Wkua mivaniWe. vuwyalobe (arsebobis) saSualebani. magram am keTili saq-

meebis Tu cudi saqmeebis Tesvisas, am aReba-momkis dros, rodi vfiqrobdi, rom maTgan

mesargebla da rame momego. radganac me mogebaTagan da sargeblobaTagan gawmendili

var. maT isargeblon Cemgan, bednierebas ewion, maradiuli bedniereba hqondeTo. ai, am

mizeziT Sevqmeni isini. dideba alahs, da es maRali azrebi im erTaderTi xaTunisaTvis

gansxivosnebulia, yovelgvari safaris gareSe (naTlad) Tvalwin udgas. saiqios bedni-

erebis Sesaxeb ambebi, romlebic sxvebisTvis saeWvo da saTuoa, misTvis udavo WeSma-

ritebaa, sruli sicxadea.

Tu ratom ar gwerT werils Tqvenc kargad mogexsenebaT. yovelives da yvelaf-

ris raodenoba da xarisxi mis xelTaa, misi nebiTaa. misi nebarTvis gareSe erT wuT-

sac ver gaatareben, erT sunTqvasac ver moiTqvam. es SeuZlebelia. xalxi gangebis

zRvaSi, xomaldebiviT Tavbrudaxveuli qars ahyolia da gabneula. Sen, ei, xomaldo,

am mxares gadmocureo, uyvire im xomalds. xomaldi ki miniSnebiT gauwyebs da gpasu-

xobs: Cven zRviT moberil niavs varT ayolili. marcxniv dauberavs Tu marjvniv, zur-

gidan dauberavs Tu winidan, mas mivyvebiT. Tuki ar gjera misi umweoba ixile. asiaTa-

sobiT saqme Seni survilis winaaRmdeg xdeba, viTardeba. Seni umweobis sarkmlidan ga-

ixede, ixile mTeli samyaros uZlureba, moiazre. umweobis sarkmlidan iwame da ixile

Seni survilisamebr yvelafris da yovelivesTvis Zala rom Seswevs, misi Zalovaneba.

radganac amxedrebuli fadiSahi cxens aRvirs mohqaCavs da sasurvel mxares miabru-

nebs, raTa gaigos, rom masze amxedrebulia adamiani, romelmac lagami amosdo.

maradiulad iyav WeSmaritebis aRqmaSi, guamisa da Wvretis siwmindesa da samar-

TlianobaSi.

elCin ahverdi husein zade

alahis saxeliT davisajo da Cemi saxlis kari daixSos yvela sikeTisaTvis, aRar

vixilo mzis amosvla da aRar gaminaTos Ramis gzebi muhamedis mTvarem, aRar momeces

Ze da aRar isminos RmerTma Cemi locvebi, Tu movityuo. vficav alahis didebas, rom

vityvi mxolod simarTles, mxolod WeSmarit sityvas, rasac guli icnobs da ara-

fers sxvas.

33

litera gurji xaTuni

odiTganve Cveni winaprebi Zveli albaneTis miwebze cxovrobdnen, magram mere ga-

dasaxlebulan CrdiloeTs sparseTSi da iq damkvidrebulan. mec iq davibade, sparse-

lebs Soris da aqac, anatoliaSi, yvelas sparsi vgonivar, Tumca Cven Zveli albanele-

bi varT da Cveni sagvareulo saqme abano iyo da axlac aris. Cveni gvaris meqiseebis

Sesaxeb yvelgan smeniaT da ara marto iransa da anatoliaSi. Cveni xelis qeba ise

Sors wavida, rom iq sparseTSi, rogorc xdeba xolme, meSurneni gamogviCndnen da im-

denic qnes, rom iZulebulebic gavxdiT koniaSi gadmovsaxlebuliyaviT. es abanoc ma-

Sinve avaSeneT alahis SewevniT da muStaric maSinve gaviCineT. aq bevri abanoc maSinve

dagvxvda, magram Cveni qisis ambavi xom Cvenze ukeT aba vin icoda seljukebSi da did-

Zali xalxic kmayofili dagvirCa. iseTi dReebic gvqonda, rom muStars veRar vatev-

diT Cvens abanoebSi da RamisTvis vibarebdiT xalxsa. mTavari xom fuli ar aris, mTa-

vari sisufTavea da sufTa kacs xom sufTa azrebi awuxebs da gulic sufTa uxdeba.

erTi saRamoc iyo, rom didveziri gvewvia da Cemi xelebi da fexebi ise aqo, rom

sulTansac auwya Cveni abanos ambavi da marTla bedniereba da namdvili alahis wyalo-

ba iyo, roca sulTanic gvestumra. winaswar kariskacebi movidnen da yvelaferi gul-

dagul sinjes da naxes da gagvafrTxiles, rom qaixusrevi mobrZandebao da meore di-

lidan muStari ar migveRo. albaT rogor vZuldiT sulTnis abanos meqiseebs rom di-

di batoni CvenTan mobrZandeboda Tavis amalasTan erTad da tkbileulisa da nugbaris

Tadarigi daviWireT. misi sayvareli halvac blomad davaxvedreT da xili da sul

axali qisebi movimarageT. roca mobrZanda, karebSi gamovegebeT da fexebze vakoceT

rom esodeni pativi dagvdo CvenTan stumrobiT. aseTi mondomebulic arasodes vyo-

filvar da qisasac ise vcdilobdi, rogorc arasdros. sulTanic didad kmayofili

damirCa da mec bednieri viyavi, rom RmerTma aseTi dRe maCuqa. dirhemebic uxvad gai-

Res CemTvis misma kariskacebma. roca amalasTan erTad wyalSi Casxdnen, guliT imxia-

rules da rogorc maxsovs, ramdenjerme nasredini axsenes. sulTani mSveniers guneba-

ze iyo da bevrsac oxunjobda. misi xmac mTels abanoSi ismoda, Tumca maT Tavebs ve-

ra vxedavdi, radgan wyals zeviT sicxisagan sqeli nisli idga. roca xmauri daiwyo

da Sekivlebac gavigone, swored rom xilis misarTmevad viyavi gamosuli wina oTaxeb-

Si da iq ra moxda, ar daminaxavs. romc survili mqonoda, orTqlis gamo, ver davina-

xavdi. xolo roca sulTani gamoasvenes, aRar etyoboda sicocxlis niSanwyali, magram

Tu mkvdari iqneboda, ver vifiqrebdi, radgan megona, rom sulTani ubralod cudad

Seiqna, rogorc es abanoebSi xdeba xolme. im saRamosve damiWires da mas Semdeg vzi-

var Cumris cixis sapyrobileSi da amaod veZeb samarTals. amitomac gwerT Tqven,

mowyalesa da samarTlians, rom Tqveni uRirsi, magram udanaSaulo mona gamaTavisuf-

loT, romelsac alahisa da Tqvens didebaSi aRmoxdeba darCenili sicocxle...

luka mantovani

viciT, rom Zlier dainteresebulni xarT Turqebis qarTveli dedoflis, Tamaris

bediT, romelsac aq, seljukebis samefoSi yvelani gurji-xaTuns uwodeben da didis

pativiTac moixsenieben. misma qmarma, sulTanma gias ed-din qaixusrev meorem didZali

jari Sekriba monRolTa winaaRmdeg da qoSedaRSi brZolac gaumarTa maT, magram da-

marcxda. qarTvelebi, sxvaTa Soris, orive mxares gaafTrebiT ibrZodnen. damarcxebis

34

litera gurji xaTuni

Semdeg sulTani koniidan gaiqca da, rogorc ambobdnen, konstantinepolSi imaleboda;

magram, imasac ambobdnen, rom nikeis berZenma mefem ioane vatacma Seifara qaixusrevio.

male man zavi dado monRolebTan da koniaSi dabrunda. monRolebs aseTi wesi aqvT,

rom Tu dauzavdebi, aras gerCian, magram sulTanma qaixusrevma Cumad isev daiwyo axa-

li jaris Sekreba monRolTa winaaRmdeg. amasobaSi, monRolTa gamarjvebiT isargebla

trapizonis imperatorma, agreTve kilikiis somexTa mefem da isini ganudgnen qaixus-

revis rumis sasulTnos. TviTon qaixusrevi ki moulodnelad gardaicvala. imis gamo,

rom igi axalgazrda kaci iyo da ucabedad ki mokvda, aq mravali miTqma-moTqma daiwy-

o, Tu vis unda moekla sulTani da ratom. mravalni kariskacni da erTi konieli me-

qisec ki daatyveves amis gamo, Tumca axlac simarTle aravin icis; xolo erTi arabi

poeti, romelsac arabebis tradiciiT Zalian grZeli saxeli aqvs, undodaT, sikvdi-

liT daesajaT koniaSi, medreses win. es poeti gadaarCina misma maswavlebelma - mev-

lana rumim, igive derviSma jelal ed-dinma, romelsac Zlier didi avtoriteti aqvs

mTels koniasa da aziaSi. im arab poets miZRvnili hqonia leqsebi gurji-xaTunisadmi

da amitomac abralebdnen sulTanis mokvlas. mevlanas uTqvams, qveynierebis dedofals

(ase uwodeben aq gurji-xaTuns) yvela poetma umRera, visac erTxel mainc unaxavs mi-

si mSveneba da yvela poets sikvdiliT xom ar dasjiTo. isic uTqvams mevlana rumis,

rom visac ar unaxavs gurji-xaTuni, isinic ki sweren leqsebs mis sadideblad da Tu-

ki amisaTvis mohklavT poets, maSin poeti aRarc darCeba qveyanazeo. is arabi poeti

Seiwynares da Tavi ar mokveTes, magram koniaSi cxovreba ki aukrZales da isic arabe-

Tis udabnoebSi gadaixvewa - beduinebis romeliRac qaravans gahyva da aq aRar dabru-

nebula. aqauri wesis mixedviT, gurji-xaTuni colad SeirTo qaixusrevis vezirma, mu-

in ed-din fervanem. maSin xalxi imaze alaparakda, veziris xeli xom ar urevia sul-

Tnis sikvdilSio. cota xanSi seljukebis mmarTveli es veziri fervane gaxda. Tumca,

taxtze sulTnis memkvidre qiliC arslani avida, magram male isic ucabedad mokvda

sruliad ymawvili da misi mokvdinebac am fervanes daabrales. xmamaRla aravin ambobs

da bevrni koniaSi swored ase fiqroben da vezir fervanesi ki didad eSiniaT. xmamaR-

la augs didvezirisas mxolod iberieli biWi murza ambobs daurideblad, romelic

Tqven gamogvigzavneT da Cven ki ZmasaviT SevifareT koniis misionSi. trapezisa Tu

sxva dros, roca laparaki fervaneze Camovardeba, uceb wamoenTeba xolme da CvenTvis

gaugebar sam qarTul sityvas ambobs: „magis jiSi movtyan“, rasac ise xSirad imeo-

rebs, rom zepiradac ki gvaxsovs, Tumca qarTvelTa ena aq aravis gvesmis. qarTuli ar

viciT, magram murza orbelians am sityvebis warmoTqmisas iseTi saxe aqvs, advili mi-

saxvedria, kargs arafers unda ambobdes vezir fervaneze. Cven Zalian vSiSobT, rom am

ambavma samefo karamde ar miaRwios, radgan didveziri kargi TvaliT uyurebs misions

da am qarTveli biWis gamo, sulac ar gvinda, misi keTilganwyoba Cvens mimarT moiSa-

los. aq, koniaSi erTi somxis vaWari moZraobs, romelic am Jamad novgorodis mTavars

emsaxureba, adre ki iberiis mefis erTguli yofila da qarTuli enac mSvenivrad icis.

mas erTxel vkiTxeT kidec frTxilad, am Cveni biWis sityvebi, netav ras unda niSnav-

deso da mxolod is gviTxra, rom „jiSi“ iTargmneba, rogorc modgma da veziri fer-

vane ki modgmiT aris oRlularebis tomidan. oRlularebi, iseve rogorc seljukebi,

Turquli modgmis xalxia, Tumca eseni sxva tomia da is somxis vaWari ki maSin Zali-

an Cagvacivda, - ginda Tu ara eg sityvebi sad gaigoneTo da vize ambobeno; magram Cven

ar gavtydiT da ase mivugeT, - sadRac movkariT yuri SemTxveviTo da saubaric sxva

Temaze gadavitaneT.

rac Seexeba gurji-xaTuns, sxva kidev ra mogweroT iseTi, rom an misi silamaze

aRgiweroT, an misi saTnoeba da goniereba. gansxvavebiT sxva Turqi, arabi da sparsi

35

litera gurji xaTuni

qalebisagan, igi Tavisi pirisaxis mSvenierebas arca malavs da Cvenc ramdenjerme gvi-

naxavs bazarsa Tu moedanze pirbadis gareSe, rac didad akvirvebs aqaur mahmadianebs,

magram dedofals da Tanac aseT Zliersa da mkacrs, vin gaubedavs raimes Tqmas, roca

misi qmari fervanec mxolod mas emorCileba da fervanes ki - mTeli TurqeTis xalxe-

bi.

am Turqebs Cveni italia saqarTvelos samefoze meti ara hgoniaT da italias

uwodeben frankistans, saqarTvelos ki gorjistans an gurjistans. aqauri savaWroebi

metwilad somxebis xelSia da Cvens gverdiTac, sadac regularuli wesis patrebs

saxli mogvces, erTis kilikieli somxis savaWroa, saidanac zogjer ufasod mogvar-

Tmeven xolme lavaSebs. Cvenis mxriT ki gvainteresebs, qarTvelTa samefoSi da kerZod

ki afxazeTSi Tu marTla aris netarisa da RvTaebrivis, wminda andria mociqulis mi-

er agebuli eklesia, romlis SuaSi wminda zeTs amzadeben da iberiis patriarqi ki

yvelgan avrcelebs Tavis samefoSi am zeTs, xolo RvTaebrivi andria mociqulis gasa-

ocari svetis Tayvaniscema ver Seanela drois amaoebam.

Cvenis mxriv, pasuxad Tqveni kiTxvisa, kvlavac mogwerT koniis sasulTnosa da

dedoflis gurji-xaTunis ambebs da mwuxris locvisas ki mogixseniebT yovelsa moR-

vawesa iberiis samefoSi.

abdula albani

rameTu miicvala mefeT-meufe Cueni rusudani da arRara meneba msaxureba sxuaTa karsa zeda, xolo

qarTvelTa Soris ara vuwyi jereT vin iqnebis patroni Cueni, wignsa amasa koniiTgan mowerilsa gigzavni

Sen, radganca iyvneT iberiisa sameufeo karisa erTguli didTa aznaurTagani da Sen gauwyebde wvrilad

yovelivesa, raica gardamxTebis, rogorca adre momiwernia mefeTmefisa CuenisaTvis.

ukeTu iyvnen saWiroebani qarTulni, ymaman Tquenman raodensame Tuesa gasZlo udabnoebsa Sina bedu-

inTa qaravnebsa da qviSaTa Soris, sadaca SeviswavleniT wesni da adaTni maTni da qcevani yovelni. leqsman

rogorRa gaakvirvos romelime qarTuelTa tomni, magra ese arabTa tomebi friad moyvarulni arian leq-

sTa, romelTa mualakebi ewodebian arabuliTa eniTa da rasaca ubnoben arabni, xSirad leqsiTa da ama

leqsebsa Camohkideben xolme yvelgan da qaabazedac ki. qaabas kedelzed amitom arian mravalni leqsni af-

rialebulni, rogorca Tquens queyanaSi, saca mijnurni xis totebsac amkoben mijnurTa gamoisobiT. raica

exeba enasa, arabni tomni moixmareben orsa enasa beduinTaTvis. romelTagan erTi ars zepiri maslaaTisa va-

WarTa da yoveldRiurisa, xolo aqidgan meore ena maRali, ena poeziisa warCinebulTa da mijnurTaTvis.

viTarmed yovelsa qaravansa da oazissac xSirs SemTxvevaSi Tavisis anbaniT gaegeba samyaro igi sity-

vaTa, arabulsa enasa aqvs simdidre igi sityvaTa mravalferovnebisa da magaliTad, Tqmuli aqlemi

aris aTasis mniSvnelisa, xmali - xuTasisa da sxvanica mravalni. agreTveca xSiria ferebiTa fiqri

da gamoTqma azrTa arabulTa, rogorca ese miRebuli wesi iyos qarTulsa meleqseobasa da baasoba-

Si. arabulsa meleqseobasa Sina asre iTqmis zogjerca orni da hqondes mniSvneli erTisa mxolod.

mravalnic sityvani romeli ixmarebodes qarTulsa metyuelebisaTvis warmosdgebian arabuliTgan.

seljukTa qarTueli dedofalic, gurji-xaTunic, romeli mTels aRmosavleTsa da queynierebazed

iwodebis mzeTunaxavad, romeli arabuli sityva ars da warmosdgeba qarvis kvercxTagan, raca igulisxme-

bis qali Tavdaculi, kvercxiviT mrTeli anu qalwuli unaxavi, romelni gareT ara gamodian da igi qali

dacul ars, viTa kvercxi dedisa budesa Sina an iseTsave wmidisa ferisa mqone, rogorica aqvs siraqlemis

kvercxsa, romlisaca siTeTresa odnavi siyviTle dahkravdes da qali igi xiluli ara hyvandes ara xal-

xsa da ara mzesa. Tuca Cadrosan qalTa xilva yoveli kacisaTvis dafarul iyos arabulisa TemTa Soris

da yoveli Cadrosani qali arabeTsa Sina lamazi geCvenos, rameTu vera hxedavde saxesa missa dafarulsa

36

litera gurji xaTuni

da ese iyos xibli Cadrisa. rogorc Cadrosani qalni arabeTisa queyanasa Sina, aseve xSiria viSahosanni

qalni, raica niSnavdes qalsa, romelsa ertyas Tual-margalitiani tyavisa sartyelni mxarzeda,

welzed Sekrulni da gamijnulni oqros varayiTa. aseTsa viSahosanTa qalTa sZinavT xan-

grZliviTa ZiliTa, rameTu arabuli Rame grZeli ars da varskvlavnic ufro swrafni arian, xolo

maT, visca ar eZinebis tkbilad udabnosa Sina, maTTvis varskvlavni zantad moZraobdes. Tuca yoveli

arsebani zantad moZraobdes udabnos qviSebsa Sina, rameTu sicxe igi saSineli zarmacsa xdides yo-

velsa arsebasa da amis gamo mogonil ars xuTgzis locva mohamedianTaTvis, rome igi alahis Svili

ara daZabundes udabnos cxelsa mzesa qveSe. sicxiTgan damSralTa kalapotTac wyalni mxolodRa

zamTris wvimebiTgan aRavsebdes, romelTa yovelni arabni ewafebodes, viTarca cxenni, romelni uf-

rore Zvirfasni iyvnes zogTa kacTaTvis, vinem colni da Svilni. erTman arabman beduinman, romelman

sTqua, rom udabnos grZeli Rame hgavs gazmorebisa Jamsa gaWimulsa vefxvsa anda avazasa, miTxra,

rome mxedarni udabnosi kentavrsa hgvanan, saca kacni da cxenni erTni arian da ese xdeba mxolodRa

arabulsa tomTa Soris, romelni swrafni arian, viTarca qarni grigalTa. da arvin uwyodes xasiaT-

ni qviSaTa beduinTa ukeT da sakuTarisa TvaliTa menaxos mravaljerca TamaSi igi udabnosi faiali,

viTar qviSasa qveSe Caflulsa sagansa rasme Tvalaxveulni poulobdes ukeTesni beduinni. Tuca uf-

rore sayvarelni TamaSni beduinTa ars maisiri aqlemTa gamomwvarisa ZvlebiTa, magra yovelni arabni

ki frTxilobdes da hfiqrobdes Sesaxeb ima wignisa, saca Caiwerebis yoveli codvani maTni da mer-

med ki caSi moekiTxebis. imav beduinma momiTxro iremTa ambavi, romelTa TvalTa silamaze maSin yo-

fila ufrore zRaprisa msgavsi, roca dedani iremni sakuTarsa Svilsa ucqerdes alersiTa. imave be-

duinman iremni igini Seadarna TavSefarebulsa qalTa taxtrevansa Sigan mjdomsa. maSin vkiTxavde mas

poetobasa missa da igi beduini poeti meleqse gamodga da radganca vamcne, rom veSurebodi rumi-

ulsa koniasa gasamgzavreblad, aRmoiRo ride igi saswaulebriv Suenieri da gardmomca gurji-xaTu-

nisaTvis ZRvnad da niSnad pativiscemisa seljukTa dedoflisa. xolo roca qaravani Cueni Sedga

aleposTan Sesavsebad sagzlisa sofelsa al-andarunisa, sixaruliTa didiTa davewafe monatrebulsa

Rvinosa, romlisa sikeTisa gamo ese sofeli al-andaruni cnobil ars sirielTa queyanasa Sina da

mTel aRmosavleTsa Sorisca. TucaRa Tquenis qarTvelTa queyanisa Rvinisa sidiadesa vera miswvde-

bodes al-andarunisa RvinoTa qebani, magra pirvelsave saRamosa friad vixaliseniT. xolo, ra gaTen-

da, TavdamZimebulman verRara moviZie igi rideni, arabisa meleqsisagan mocemulni misarTmevad gur-

ji-xaTunisaTvis. Semdgomad, koniasa mosvlisa da aqaurisa ambavTa cnobisa, maSinRa cxadi iqna Cem-

Tvis, Tu raodeni tanjvani da gansacdelni amacTina RmerTma dakargviTa ima sakuirvelTa rideTa,

Tu moparviTa, eseca mxolodRa RmerTma uwyodes.

fatima binTi nasredini

wignis dawera papaCemis, xoja nasredinis Sesaxeb imitomac msurda, raTa misi orive colis

SebRaluli Rirseba da reputacia SeZlebisdagvarad aRmedgina da is Worebic gameqarwylebina, papa-

Cemis sicocxleSive mravlad rom gaCnda koniaSi da zogs ki axlac sjera, rom xoja nasredins ga-

giJebiT uyvarda dedofali gurji-xaTuni da swored misi siyvarulis gamo sCadioda amden ucnaur

saqciels. TiTqos gurji-xaTuns uyvarda Tavisi qmari fervane, ar TanaugrZnobda papaCems da amis ga-

mo gagiJebuli papa nasredini imdens oxunjobda dedoflis gulis mosagebad, rom bolos sasaxleSi

aRar uSvebdnen. jer erTi, gurji-xaTuns Tavisi qmari fervane ki ar uyvarda, aramed sZulda da

amasve ambobs evlia Celebic; anki rogor Seiyvarebda Tavisi Svilis mkvlels dedofali da meorec,

mTels anatoliasa da aRmosavleTSi papasTvis yvela sasaxlis kari Ria iyo da mesamec da mTavari,

37

litera gurji xaTuni

nasredini ki ar gaemijnura gurji-xaTuns, aramed piriqiT - dedofals hqonda simpaTiebi papaCemis

mimarT da mevlanas medreseSi amis Sesaxeb yvelam icoda. marTalia, papa amas TviTon ambobda xolme

da gurji-xaTuns ki araferi msgavsi aravisTan dascdenia, magram xoja nasredini yvelaze metad de-

doflisa da mevlana rumis gansakuTrebul urTierTobas ganicdida. mevlana misTvis sulieri Seixi

iyo da papaCemi Tavis Seixsa da moZRvars ver awyeninebda Tundac ulamazesi gurji-xaTunis gamo.

ulamazesi ki iyo seljukebis qarTveli dedofali, magram ara mgonia, xoja nasredins sakuTar co-

lebze metad sxvisi coli moswoneboda. miTumetes, bebiaCems namdvilad ver daTmobda - bebiac xom

Zalian lamazi iyo. Tumca, aseTi ram xSirad xdeboda xolme da axlac xdeba, rom kacebs erTi qali

Zlier moswonT, imaze Wkuas kargaven da sxvebisken gaxedvac ki aRar surT. gurji-xaTunic xom ase

iyo - ramdeni kaci etrfoda koniaSi Tu yvelgan, sadac gamoCndeboda, monusxavda yvelas Tavisi ga-

numeorebeli xibliT da mere es utvino kacebi ramden sisxlsa Rvridnen da ramdenma kidevac Tavi

waago da Tu Rirda, sakiTxavic xom es aris. gana Rirda, rom papaCemma ojaxi miatova da sasaxles-

Tan axlos miwa iqirava mxolod im mizniT, rom dReSi erTxel mainc daenaxa da isic Soridan, sa-

saxlis banze mdgomi sevdiani dedofali. an im ispaniel biWs uRirda imden wamebad, rac man gadaita-

na gurji-xaTunis gamo, rogorc evlia Celebi aRwers, roca dafara namdvili mizezi koniaSi yofni-

sa sasamarTloze da espanurma eklesiam ki cecxlze dawva miusaja jadoqrobis gamo ymawvil kacs.

Tumca, evlia Celebi ambobs, rom is dasavleTiberieli biWi sikvdils saswaulad gadaurCa, inkvizi-

cias jer CrdiloeTiT gaeqca, mere ki variagebTan erTad didi zRva gadalaxa da ucxo miwebze sa-

mudamod darCao; magram qarTvel dedofals albaT arc araferi gaugia, iseve, rogorc im Seyvarebu-

li Wabukis tanjvis Sesaxeb, romelic saqarTvelodan gamohyva princesas amalas da, siyvaruli rom

daemala, sjuli gamoicvala da berZnulidan laTinurs taZarSi gadavida misionerad. xo-

lo roca didveziri romis misias stumrad ewvia koniaSi, sadac is qarTveli Sefar-

viT msaxurobda, ver moiTmina bedSavma wlebis dardi da kabis qveS gadamaluli bebu-

Ti daartya muedin fervanes, magram mxolod erTxel moaswro bebuTis moqneva da ka-

riskacebma iqve gahkoWes. veziri gadarCa, im qarTvelma biWma ki mTeli sicocxle tan-

jvasa da wamebaSi gaatara anTaliis cixeSi, saidanac ukan aravin dabrunebula. gurji-

xaTunma ki albaT maSinac veraferi gaigo, roca erTi arabi poeti mxolod imitom ga-

aZeves koniidan, rom leqsad uZRvna qeba dedofals da, rom ara mevlana rumi, im po-

etsac iseve mohkveTdnen Tavs, rogorc mravals, viszedac fervanes eWvi gasCenia da im

Ramesve ki gauqriaT. gana aseTi qalis gamo miatovebda Cemi saxelovani papa xoja nas-

redini sayvarel ojaxs da xalxis salaparako gaxdeboda? mainc gaxda xalxis salapa-

rako. maSinac ambobdnen Turme da axlac msmenia, rom gurji-xaTunis gamo bolos go-

nebac dakargao, magram tyuilia, radgan imasac amboben zogjer, rom qarTveli dedo-

fali mevlana rumis coli gaxda fervanes sikvdili Semdego, magram es xom aSkara

tyuilia da marTali rom yofiliyo, amis aRniSvna evlia Celebis araviTar SemTxveva-

Si ar gamorCeboda.

papaCems, xoja nasredins, danamdvilebiT vici, rom bebiaCemi Zlier uyvarda, mag-

ram yovelTvis mainc mesizmreba dedoflis sasaxlesTan - sasaxlis win dgas da gur-

ji-xaTunis gamoCenas elodeba.

bibi munajime

me Sevayvare varskvlavebi qarTvel dedofals, roca is mowyeniT ijda xolme sasax-

leSi da aravin icoda, ra iyo mizezi misi didi sevdisa. mas aRar hyavda aravin, visac

etyoda simarTles da gauRebda kars gadarazuli gulisaken. Tumca, ra iqneboda simar-

Tle, erTi rom iyos yvelasTvis, vinc mas eZebs. simarTlec imdenia, ramdenic adamiani da

38

litera gurji xaTuni

me yovelTvis maocebda gurji-xaTunis dardi - gana iseTi ra unda yofiliyo misi mSob-

liuri gurjistani, rom amden cremlad daRvriliyo qveynierebis dedofali. qarTvelebis

qveyanaSi arasodes vyofilvar, magram iseTi mainc ra iyo, rom gurji-xaTunis sevdian Tva-

lebad Rirda, arada, ramdenjer minaxavs mere, roca varskvlavebi Sevayvare, sasaxlis banze

mjdari, usityvod, gaunZrevlad, Cafiqrebuli, vin icis raze. ras mistiroda, arc vicodi

da verca vxvdebodi. vicodi, rom maTs qveyanaSi, Cven rasac sofels vuwodebT, qalaqebs

eZaxian; razec isini ocneboben, Cven Tavze sayrelad gvaqvs da is ki mainc gurjistanis

gzas gascqeroda. gurjistani ki Zalian Sors iyo da mainc yvelaze metad im mgzavris

naxva uxaroda, vinc qarTvelTa qveynidan modioda, koniaSi Semoivlida, an SemTxveviT aR-

moCndeboda Cvens qalaqSi da yvelafers dawvrilebiT gamohkiTxavda - ra xdeboda saqar-

TveloSi, rogor da ratom. bolos imasac SeekiTxeboda gurjistanidan momaval romelime

mgzavrs - quTaisSi xidi Tu aaSeneso da es kiTxva yvelaze metad makvirvebda. makvirvebda,

radgan Cvens samefoSi imdeni lamazi xidi iyo, rom verca vxvdebodi, iseTs ra xids aSe-

nebdnen im quTaisSi, amden SekiTxvad rom Rirda, an is quTaisic ra unda yofiliyo, roca

Tavad gurji-xaTuni samyaros centrSi cxovrobda, rogorc qveynierebis dedofali, xolo

misi qmari fervane ki am qveynierebas marTavda. mas SeeZlo hqonoda yvelaferi, rasac moi-

survebda, magram mas raRac sxva surda, raRac gansxvavebuli imisagan, risi micemac qai-

xusrevs an fervanes SeeZloT. erTxel vuTxari kidec, rom Tu aseTi sanatreli iyo mis-

Tvis gurjistanis mTebis xilva, Tundac erTxel, Tundac cota xniT mainc gahyoloda

iberiisken romelime samefo qaravans. dedofals gaecina. ki ar gaecina, gaeRima da Tqva

mxolod erTi, erTaderTi sityva: meSinia.

me meSinoda misi simartovis da xSirad vakiTxavdi sasaxleSi. CvenTanac vpatiJebdi

RamiT, roca ca mowmendili iyo, varskvlavebiT savse da Tavis sefe-qalebTan erTad gves-

tumreboda xolme mze-dedofali. gurji-xaTuni samSobloSi ar dabrunebula. arasodes

unaxavs Tundac erTxel is miwa, romelzec mTeli cxovreba fiqrobda da ocnebobda.

mxolod maSin, roca mued-din fervanec aRar iyo cocxali da mevlana rumic ukanas-

knel dReebs iTvlida, is kaba, romelic cameti wlis princesas koniaSi CamobrZanebisas

emosa, romael misionerebs gaatana saqarTveloSi. im laTinelebma, rogorc mere SevityeT,

mxolod Woroxamde miaRwies, radgan iberielTa qveyanaSi iseTi Savi Rrubeli Camodga,

rom axali misionerebis miReba ki ara, is Zvelebic gamoyares qarTvelebma da yvelani Cve-

ni Sesafareblebi gaxdnen. aqve, koniaSi, ukan mobrunebul misionerebs rom Sexvda gurji--

xaTuni, mec Tan vaxldi dedofals da man dawvrilebiT gamohkiTxa yoveli azri, rac ki

maT gurjistanis Sesaxeb icodnen. im soflis saxelic imitom damamaxsovrda, rom swored

misionerebma Tqves, kvariaTSi, lazebTan davtoveT Tqveni samosi da lazebi ki sando kacs

gaatandnen im Tqvens kabas samefo karamde, radgan Cven ukve gonioSi, rogorc dagvarwmu-

nes, ucilobeli sikvdili gvelodao. gurji-xaTuni didad gaanawyena Tavisi mSobeli qvey-

nis ambavma, radgan iq ise areuliyo yvelaferi, rom udanaSaulo adamiansac advilad

hklavdnen da raki Rames kargi piri uCanda, CvenTan miviwvieT vaxSmad. isic vuTxari, rom

ca gaxsnili iyo da im varskvlavebis danaxvac SeiZleboda, mTvarian RameSic iSviaTad rom

Cndebian da dedofalmac Tanxmoba mogvca. swored im Rames kidev erTxel vuTxari, rom

ucnobi varskvlavisTvis misi saxelis darqmeva mewada, raTa im varskvlavsac iseve gaenaTe-

bina RamiT gzaabneulTaTvis bilikebi, rogorc TviTon dedofali unaTebda guls da gone-

bas yvelas, visac igi dedoflobda. mas gaeRima da mkiTxa, - varskvlavebiT saubari Tu Se-

iZlebao. aseTi ram pirvelad mesmoda varskvlavebis Sesaxeb da veraferi vupasuxe. mere ki

TviTon upasuxa Tavis SekiTxvas: albaT SeiZleba, Tu axla gurjistanSic naTeli Ramea,

iqac CvensaviT dgas vinme, cas ahyurebs da varskvlavebis wakiTxva icis.

... ase mipasuxa dedofalma.

me ki megona, rom varskvlavebze yvelaferi vicodi.

39

litera gurji xaTuni

mgzavri

sinamdvileSi ra moxda aravin icis, radgan sxvadasxva wyaroebi sxvadasxva cnobebs iZlevian. murzayan orbelma namdvilad daartya oRuzuri bebuTi gurji-xaTunis meore qmars, muedin fervanes. magram didveziri sikvdils gadaurCa da murza orbeli ki anTaliis cixeSi Caamwyvdies. albaT anTaliis axlandelma qarTvelma damsveneblebma arc ician, rom iq sadac isini aseTi mondomebiT eficxebian mzes, odesRac saSinlad ewama qarTveli Seyvarebuli. samwuxarod, imis dadgena, cixeSi gardaicvala murza orbeli, Tu gaiqca an gaapares, ver SevZeliT. veziri fervane ki mainc mokles, magram vin da rogor ucnobia. verc imis dadgena movaxerxeT, selCukeTis qarTvel dedofals Tu uyvarda iberieli biWi da imasac xom verasodes gavigebT, rogor uyvardaT maSinCvengan gansxvavebiT...

abu al bika sabiT ibn ahmad najm ad din aT Tiflisi

roca mevlanas medreses pirvelad estumra qveynierebis dedofali, mec iq gax-

ldiT. ho, me iq viyavi, roca amalasTan erTad mobrZanda gurji-xaTuni da rumis mos-

mena moiwadina. roca sefe-qalebi ezoSi daiTxova da marto esaubra poets, ar dav-

swrebivar dialogs - mec sefe-qalebTan erTad velodebodi ezoSi bednierebas, rom

kidev erTxel mexila gurji-xaTuni ­ saocreba, romlis msgavsi araferi yofila, ar

aris da arc iqneba. me ar vicodi, ra upasuxa mevlana rumim dedofals, magram vico-

di, rom man im gurji poetis ambavi hkiTxa mevlanas, romelic ise gaqra da gauCinar-

da, rogorc es mxolod aRmosavleTSi xdeba, magram netav im dRes iq ar vyofiliyav

da saerTod ar menaxa gurji-xaTuni, iqneb amden wamebasa da tanjvas CemTvis ar moe-

cala. maSin ar mivxvdi, rom Cemi sicocxle arafrad Rirda da arc araferi iyo? iq-

neb is erTi leqsi, gurji-xaTuns rom mivuZRveni da TviT dedofals albaT arc wau-

kiTxavs, albaT arasodes unaxavs Cemi cremliani strofebi da albaT arc is icoda,

rom im kvira dRes moedanze Tavis mosakveTad gamoyvanili derviSi me viyavi, sikvdi-

liT mxolod siyvarulisTvis visjebodi da bralad ki is medeboda, rom veRar gavZe-

li da leqsada vTqvi Cemi gulis dardi, romelic dedoflis pirveli naxvis Semdeg

mklavda. ra mniSvneloba hqonda, gurji-xaTunis dardi momklavda, Tu im jalaTis

oRuzuri xmali, Cems sxeulsa da suls rom ganaSorebda erTi dakvriT. mec mSvidad

Camovde Tavi sikvdilis molodinSi da Cemi sicocxle bolo wams swored man ixsna,

visac erTaderTs davuTmobdi Cems sicocxlesac da Cemi sicocxlis mizansac - mevla-

na rumis sityvam fervanes sijiute da sisastikec ki gatexa da jalaTmac, xmali ki

moiqnia, magram Tavi aRar momkveTa, mxolod haeri gaapo oRuzurma rkinam. im Rames

koniis galavans ukanasknelad movxede, radgan samudamod amikrZales rumis miwaze dab-

40

litera gurji xaTuni

runeba da maSin ar vicodi, rom im varskvlavs, arabeTisken mimaval gzebs rom minaTeb-

da im Rames, gurji-xaTunis saxeli erqva. es mere gavige, ramdenime wlis Semdeg, im

beduinisgan, vinc pirvelma miambo mevlana rumisa da gurji-xaTunis siyvarulis Sesa-

xeb, vinc pirvelma miTxra, ras niSnavda filosofiuri qva, vinc pirvelma damanaxa

arabuli udabnodan gurji xaTunis Soreuli samSoblo.

abdula albani

rumiulisa koniasa qalaqad mosvlisa Jamsa pirvel yovelTa mivediT abanosa

sparsulsa da ara Turqulsa mosasveneblad sxeulisa da ra ganvibaneniT, aRviZreniT

surviliTa didiTa moTavsebisa CvenTa qanTalTa romelsame pucsa Sigan, rameTu qan-

Talni Cuenni uqmad gvetarebina Tveebis ganmavlobaSi udabnoTa Soris. xolo rosca

mivmarTeniT ama TxovniTa sparsulisa abanoTa mmarTvelsa elCin ahverdsa, manca mog-

vca rCeva igi sasargebloni, rome umjobes ars moyvana ima qalTa, romelni safasursa

iTxovdes, rameTu qalni ufasoni da patiosanni ufrore Zvirad ujdebodes kacsa, vi-

re roskipni qalni, radganca baassa da pativisa migebasa da Semdgom halvaTa mirTmeva-

sa, ufro meti dro da dirhemni sWirdebodes da monasa Tquensa ki maSinac da axlac

didad awuxebdes yofna qesetad. amadac davyabuldiT ima gamoCenilisa meqisisa elCin

ahverdisa rCevasa da sixaruliTa davewafeniT mowyurebulsa qalTa, romelTac Sem-

dgomad alersTa gasrulebisa mivarTmevdeT safasursa sanacvloT pucTa tkbilTaTvis.

xolo roca kmayofilni Semdgomad vnebaTagan gaTavisuflebisa, Camomsxdarni da fuTa-

Camoxveulni Cais vsomdiT Turqulebsa, elCin ahverdman sTqua, rom Tu gonebisa sib-

riyveni alamazebdes qalTa, imdensave amaxinjebdes kacTa; rom kacsa uxTeba gonebani

Wkvianurni. mermed ki iwyo gamokiTxuad CemTa ambavTa, Tu saiTgan movel da ra mizni-

Ta da viTarca esma mas patronisa Cemisa saxelni iberielTagani, iwyo qebad dedofli-

sa gurji-xaTunisa da agreTveca qebaTaqeba qmrisa misisa didvezirisa fervanesi, rome

mowyale ars igi veziri qarTuelTa mimarT mometebulisa ZaliTa da fervane igi vezi-

ri didad ganixarebdes Sensa stumrobasa maTsa samefosa karzeda. arRara vuTxar meqi-

sesa cbiersa, TucaRa mivuxTi zraxvasa mzakvrulTa misTa, raiTa kvlaca sTqua sityua

ese Sefarulni, rom mona Tqueni ara qarTvelisa tomisa raiTRa unda emsaxuros ibe-

rielTa samefosa karsa. amadac iyo, rom is elCin ahverdi ara gvaCqarebdes qisisa da

wylis safasursa, radganca moelodes ufro didsa gasamrjelosa vezirsa fervaneTagan

Tu visme Seityuebdes msaxurebad selCukTa samefosi. arRara vuTxar, Tuca mivarTvi

safasuri yovelivesi da arca azri mqonodes kvlavca misvlisa elCinisa abanosa sasaa-

mod. xolo raica Seexebodes gurji-xaTunis anbavsa, romelica Tqueni interesica

iyos, gauwyebdeT ama wigniTa, rom aqa koniasa da mrTelsa rumiasa zeda ganivrco xma

igi cru, Tu selCukTa qarTuelman dedofalman rarig daagdo sawuTroni ama sofli-

sani da Seiqna gurji-xaTuni winamZRolTagani derviSTa qalTa ordenisa, romeli iyos

qalaqsa Tokatesa. TucaRa rogorca axla cxadi Seiqnes, ese naTqvami iyo sicrue igi

mogonilni da gurji-xaTuni kvlavca brwyinavdes selCukTa dedoflad koniisa samefo-

sa zeda. qmari misi ki fervane mun kvlavca batonobdes, Tuca sulTansa qeiqubadsa

ekuTvnodes taxti igi samarTliTa selCukuriTa, magra ese didveziri mzakvrobiTa

TvisiTa ufrore Zlierdebodes. radganca mekiTxebodeT sulTnisa anbavTa, aqa moviwe-

ro agreTveca Sesaxeb sulTnisa izedin qeiqubadisa meorisa, romeli erTxel misuli-

41

litera gurji xaTuni

yo mevlana rumisa medresesa Tavisisa amaliTa. ese mevlana rumi, rogorca manaTobeli

brZenTa zeda, musaifiTa gatacebuliyo mdabiursa xalxsa Soris, romeli stumrad mi-

suliyvnen poetisa karzed. xolo sulTani qeiqubad iTmendes saubrisa rigsa da nawy-

ensa eTqvas didpoetisaTvis, Tu rodisRa eRirsebodes yuradRebasa da rCevasa. mevla-

nas ki eTqvas, Tu viT SesZlebdes igi poeti rCevaTa micemasa sulTanisa gonebisaTvis,

romeli mwyemsi unda iyvnes Tvisisa xalxisa da ara mgeli, viTarca igi sulTani awu-

xebdes xalxsa da araTu icavdes simSvidesa maTsa, Zarcvavdes maT, viTa mekobreni gza-

Ta. qeiqubad wamomdgariyo da vera gaebedna pasuxisa kadrebani poetisaTvis, romeli

iyvnes meufe sityvaTa da kvlavca agrZelebdes qadagebasa, rome igi RmerTman sulTa-

nisa bediTa dahbados, xolo igi qeiqubad iqces satanisa msaxurad. mevlanas sityvani

axdes, rogorca gulisTqmani winaswarmetyuelTa da qeiqubad damarcxdes taxtzed,

xolo nacvlad misisa borotzraxvaTa, taxti igi selCukTa samefosi darCes Zmasa

missa, romeli ufro keTilni iyvnes.

pizeli rustiCano

ar vici, yvelas axla ratom gaaxsenda es Zveli istoria, magram radgan Tqvenc

gainteresebT da mekiTxebiT, SemiZlia werilobiTac davadasturo is, rac zepirad uk-

ve mogaxseneT marko polos Sesaxeb. genuis cixeSi ramdenime Tve namdvilad erTad ga-

vatareT sakanSi da namdvilad me var is rustiCano, vinc genuis cixis sakanSi yvela-

fers, rasac marko polo hyveboda, cixis administraciis davalebiT iwerda. vicodi,

rom is iyo venecieli vaWari, romelsac mravali qveyana moevlo da CineTamdec ki wa-

suliyo. ratom iTxovda Cemgan cixis administracia misi ambebis Caweras, me ar vici

da arc mikiTxavs. miTxres mxolod, - Sen im kacis Tavgadasavali kargad Caiwere da

Cvenis mxriv ki iqneb droze adre gagiSvaT mSobliur pizaSio. ukeTesad rogorRa un-

da Camewera, rom axla im marko polos naambobs wignebad hyidian rogorc imis dawe-

rils da didi mogzauric daarqves, me ki aravin maxsenebs da arc aravin mijerebs,

rom Cemi dawerilia eg wignebi da is venecieli vaWari ki zeda narze iwva arxeinad

mTeli dReebi da me ki qvemoT vijeqi da vwerdi. is marko polo ise areulad hyvebo-

da Tavis ambebs, rom azri Zlivs gamomqonda, magram imdeni qveyana moevlo da imdeni

xalxi enaxa, rom gasakviric ar iyo, yvelaferi rom ar axsovda kargad da rac axsov-

da, isic aviwydeboda. me ki vijeqi da viwerdi. am saqmisTvis xis magidac ki Semomita-

nes da Tan darigebac momces - rac SeiZleba bevri unda alaparako da amitom SekiTx-

vebic mravlad dausvio. ra unda mekiTxa amdeni, an romeli mosamarTle me viyavi da

rac movifiqre im ramdenime Tvis manZilze, iyo erTaderTi SekiTxva - ra dagamaxsov-

rdaT yvelaze metad da ra mogewonaT gansakuTrebiT - meTqi. Tumca, amis SekiTxva

arc sWirdeboda im marko polos, radgan, rac ar unda moeyola, bolos mainc amiT am-

Tavrebda: ramdeni viare, ramdeni viwvale, ra aRar vnaxe am qveyanaze, magram gurji-xa-

Tunis msgavsi araferi minaxavs da arca mgonia rumis dedofals vinme Seedrebodeso.

aseTi ra iyo Turquli koniis dedofali, rom yoveldRe axsenebda marko polo, verc

maSin vxvdebodi da axlac ar vici.

42

litera gurji xaTuni

murzayan orbeliani

uRirsman Svilman Senman mamasa Cuensa ese wigni mowerili anTaliisa cixiTgan,

rogorca Sendobisa Txovnisa werili gaaxlo patiebisa aja Cemsgan, ukeTu ara Sesme-

nil vyav sityvani Senni da rCevani da mainca davuteve mamuli igi sayuareli Cueni da

mSobelni da saxloba Cueni da movedi koniasa qalaqad selCukTa, romeli ars gab-

rwyinvebuli dedoflisa gamo Tamarisi, romelsa aqa ewodebis gurji-xaTunad, Tuca

Cemisa gulisa da gonebisaTvis, igi dedofali maradJams iqnebis Tamar. Tamar iyvnes

mizezTa mizezTagani, ukeTu davuteve sagazrdilo Cueni da Sevefareni laTinTa misi-

onsa koniasa Sina da arRara getyode mamav batonsa marTalsa sityvasa oden crusa

Jamsa ganSorebisa da Tuca Sen gahkvirde mizezTa gamo, magra ara metyode sityvaTa

sastikTa raodenca ese iyvnes raoba rwmenisa da sjulisa. xolo sawuTroni Cemni

dasjil iqmna rogorca Rirsni viyav da radganca Cemni zraxvani dafarul vyav Sensgan

da amadac vewameni. viTarca msurdes Tqmani simarTleTa axlaRa egreca gankiTxul viq-

mne Sensgan da arRara meRirsos xilva mizezisa Cemisa tanjvaTa da sulica aRmomxTes

mun ama cixesa Sigan, saca vewamebode didiTa wamebiTa anTaliisa dilegTagan ujur-

Rmulessa samisa wliTa, xolo axlaRa meRirsos sxivni mzisa da naTelni dRisa, ro-

ca amdenisa tanjvaTa Semdgom axlaRa vzi cixisa egzom maRalsa sakansa, romelTa

sarkmliTgan moCandes igi zRva mudamJams lurjni rkinis gisosTa Sua. xolo mizezni

ama CemTa wamebaTa iyvnes wrfeli igi siyuaruli Tamarisa batoniSvilisa mimarT, ro-

meli ara visurveni gamJRavnebaT, rameTu Zrieli iyvnes survilni dedisa misisa rusu-

danisi qmrad moyvanebisa ucxoTa samefoTa ufliswulisa gina xelmwifisa.

amadac ara gacxadebul vqmeni trfobani Cemni, aramed dafaruliTa gamijnurebul-

sa ara msurdes qiSpobani mamisa Cemisa da mefisa rusudanisi, romelsaca ficiTa er-

TgulebiTa msaxurebdes yovelni orbelTa gvarni da agreca mama batoni Cueni. xolo

Tamar dedoflisa dedisa dedaman didman Tamarman rogorc Semusra selCukni, egreca

arRara iyvnes droebanni Cuenni da Tu qaixusrevi igi selCukTa ufliswuli, movido-

des queyanasa Cuensa, ganzraxvanica mqondes mokvdineba misisa saqmrosi Tamarisi, rome-

lica iyvnes Cemisa Slegurisa trfobaTa mterni. magra selCukman qaixusrevman ara

ineba mobrZaneba Cuensa queyanasa zeda, aramed sadedoflod Tamaris miyvaneba ebrZanos

mamasa missa sulTansa. xolo maSin ki uRirsman Svilman Senman sicruiTa moindomos

laTinelTa taZrad misvla koniisas qalaqad, rameTu darCenodes imedad kvlavca xil-

vani mijnurisa Tvisisa, romeli Seiqna coli sulTanisa da Tuca iyo igi Tamari Sem-

dgomad amisa gurji-xaTuni, magra ara mqondes Zala sicocxlisa gareSe misisa cqeri-

sa Tunda SoriTgan da amadac viqec kaTolike morCilad mun koniisa laTinTa misioni-

sa. radganca vuwyodi patri juzepeTgan maSindelisa selCukTa keTilmopyrobani papisa

eklesiisa momarT, xSiradca darbazobani sasaxlesa Sina ara xTebodes gareSe misioni-

sa patrTa da mravaljeraca mqondes bednierebani misi cqerisa, roca mowveulni stu-

marni miarTmevdes ZRvenTa da mosakiTxTa sulTansa da colsa missa, xolo mze igi

siyuaruli Cemi, mdabliTa TavdakvriTa xvTebodes yovelTa mobrZanebulTa sasaxleTa

Sina. Tuca mravaljerca mqondes survilni gamJRavnebisa, magra maxsovdes mcnebani

brZenTa, odes siyuarulsa WeSmaritsa malva unda, xolo igi Tamari iyo brZenTa swo-

ri Soris qalTa, agreca kacTa da xvTebodes yovelsa zraxvaTa CemTa. zraxvani Cemni

ki iyvnes mxolodRa wrfelni, rogorsaca etrfodes yoveli kaci guliTa sufTa da

ara isurvos bednierebani Tvisa sxvisa ubedurebasa zeda. ubedurebani Cemni ki ara

43

litera gurji xaTuni

aRiwerebis arca ama wignsa SenTvis mowerilsa, arca sxvisa mier ukeTesisa kalmosani-

sa Tunda SoTasa mier, rameTu vkvdebode yovelsa RamiTa cremldaTxeuli simwriTgan

trfobisa da ara iyos Ze xorcieli Cemzed ufrore Sesabralisi, visa mijnursa hqo-

nodes wamebani esodeni mijnurobisa gamo Tvisisa. Tuca mindodes mokvdineba sulTani-

sa qaixusrevisa da ara movkal; Tuca msurdes mokvdineba meorisa qmrisa fervanesi da

igica ara movkal, xolo movkal Tavi Tvisi wamebiTa, magra vera SeviZel ganSoreba

koniiTgan, saca igi mze megulebodes, romeli anaTebdes yovelsa suliersa queyanasa

zeda. ama sinaTliTa damibneldes gonebaca Cemi odes saRamosa erTsa veziri igi fer-

vane stumrad movidodes Cuenisa misionisa patrTa mopatiJebiTa, ara trapezad dajdo-

misa, aramed musaifTa surviliTa da viTar gulman migrZnos, rom kacsa ese gulbo-

rotsa ara uyuardes coli Tvisi Tamar gurji-xaTuni, rogorca pirvelsa qmarsa qai-

xusrevsa da mxolodRa sareceli Tana eyofis Cemsa gulisa mijnurTan, ama gulman

verRa daiTminos tkivilni ese da danasa massa kabasa qveSe damalulsa vkravde ferva-

nesa ferdsa zeda. xolo kariskacni amalaTagani vezirisa Semkravdes da mravalni dRe-

ni mawamebdes saSineliTa wamebiTa da mkiTxavdes Tu visi iyo igi mzakvrulni survil-

ni fervanes mokvdinebisa, romeli gadurCa sikudilsa da TviTonaca mawamebdes bnelsa

dilegsa, rameTu Zriel surdes Setyoba saxelisa ima kacisa, vinca mibrZanebdes vazi-

risa sikudilsa. rameTu ara iyo aseTni kacni, xolo iyo qali, romelsa vera gavam-

JRavnebde saxelsa missa, vezirman fervanem ineba Tavisa mokveTa Cemisa tanisaTvis. ma-

Sin sTqua kariskacman vezirisa amaliTgan, rome dana igi saqarTveloTgan Cems Tana

warRebuli hgvandes bebuTsa oRuzursa, raica niSnavdes oRuzursa SeTqmulebasa da

ara egebis aCqareba Cueni sikudilisa da umjobes ars tyveobani Cueni, romelsame

bnelsa dilegsa. xanjarsa qarTulsa fxoviTgan naCuqarsa vera scnobdes Turqni da

amadca viqmne tyued anTaliis cixesa, romeli moSorebiT ars koniiTgan da umjobes

ki iyos Cemisa wamebisaTvis axloiT yofna mijnurisa qalaqad Tundca dilegsa Sina.

maSin ki iyvnes mxolodmcodne simarTlisa erTi, vinca gamoicnos yvelani zraxvani

Cemni mrTelsa koniasa da selCukTa queyanasa zeda, romelman icodes gulisTqmiTa

Tvisisa karnaxiTa mijnurisa wadilni da mxolodRa igi mze scnobdes namdvilsa mi-

zezsa yovelivesi. xolo rogorca ukve mogweros uRirsman Svilman Senman, anTaliisa

bnelsa dilegsa Sina ganvasrulo samni weliwadni tanjviTa, romeli ara aRiwerebis

da Semdgomad samisa wlisa aRyvanil viqmne zeda sakansa cixisa, romeli gardahyureb-

des zRvasa da ra ganvkvirde friad mowyalebiTa selCukisa kacTagan, maSin modaraje-

man saknisa Cemisa, romeli lazTagani yofiliyos, CurCuliTa mamcnebdes saidumlosa

massa, rome arRa iyvnes muedin fervane cocxalTa Soris da momkvdariyos sinopsa qa-

laqad. maSin ki aRmiZres fiqrni tkbilzed tkbilni Tu inebos dedofalman gamoxsna

Cemi tanjvaTagan anTaliisa cixesa mjdomisa mijnurisa da modarajesa Cemisa karTa,

romeli lazi yofiliyos, ambisa Setyobani vevedre. lazi igi didad ganakvirvos

Txovnaman Cemman Tu ubirsa tyuesa ra esaqmebodes queynisa dedoflisagan, magra dir-

hemTaca Sevpirdebode ima lazsa da manca mauwyebdes Semdgomad mcire xnisa anbavi

gurji-xaTunisa, romeli wabrZanebuliyos kabadukiasa, romeli iyos samSoblo queyana

wmida giorgisa. wmidisa giorgisa SewevniTa jereT cocxali viyve da radganca cxadi

Seiqnes CuenTvis Tu rad ar xelewifebis gurji-xaTunsa xsna da Suela Tquenisa Svi-

lisa, amadca mogmarTavdes Cueni gulisa tanjulni xmani Sewevnisa Svelasa Tu murza-

yan orbeliansa kvlavca scnobdeT da aRviarebdeT, rogorca Svilsa. eseTisa kldova-

nisa napirTa xilva Znelad Tu mouxerxdebis kacsa, rogorsaca kldezed aSenebuli

iyos cixe ese miuvalni, ucxoTaTvis msgavsni qajeTisa cixeTa. Tu mamaman Cuenman gar-

44

litera gurji xaTuni

daswyvitos daxsna Svilisa Tvisisa tyueobiTgan anTaliisa cixisa da laSqarni war-

moiyvanos iberiiTgan, Semoertyas spiTa ama cixesa da iTaTbiros msgavsad samTa tyao-

sanTa, mainc vera SesZlos aReba anTaliis cixisa, romeli miudgomel iyos friad da

amitomca umjobes ars saWurWleTa gacemiTa mosyidvani selCukTa, romelTa Zriel

uyuarde oqro da vercxlica Zvirfasni. ukeTu ara isurvebdes mSobeli mama xsnasa

Tvisisa Svilisa, maSin azrica arRara hqondes yofasa Cemsa, gavsWride rkiniTa gisos-

Ta sarkmlisa da gardaveSvebode kldeTa zeda cixiTgan esoden maRlisa. siyuaruliTa

geTxovebodes mamasa Cuensa Svili Senni uRirsni, romelman verRara ixilos mSobeli

queyana da mze igi, romelman daswuas guli mijnurisa, wamebiTa gardacvlilisa uma-

dursa sawuTroTagan.

abu al bika sabiT ibn ahmad najm ad din aT Tiflisi

me maSin poeti ara vyofilvar, roca anatolia davtove da arabeTis qviSebisken

qaravans gavyevi. me jer ar viyavi poeti; poeti iyo mevlana rumi, vinc Cemi sicocxle

ixsna, roca erTi leqsis gamo sikvdili momisaja seljukebis vezirma. is leqsi arc

waukiTxavs gurji-xaTuns, fervanes cols, visac mivuZRveni trfobis strofebi da ma-

Sin ki guli damwyda, rom visTvisac vkvdebodi, man arc ki icoda Cemi leqsis arsebo-

ba. mere ki mivxvdi, rom me maSin poeti ar viyavi da leqsis swavla iseve mWirdeboda,

rogorc wyali udabnoSi, roca romelime arabuls oazisSi mualakebs vkiTxulobdi

mzis Casvlamde. vswavlobdi makduasa da kasidebs, marsias da hijas, nasibsa da madihs,

tardebs da xamriebs, vasfis da mufaxaras.

gana ukeTess adgils kaci miagnebda, rom leqsze efiqra da poeziis sibrZne es-

wavla, vidre arabeTis qviSebia da mxolod udabnoSi mivxvdi, Tu ratom aris Savi aq-

lemi yvelaze Zvirfasi umamacesi beduinisTvis; mivxvdi, ratom adareben beduinebi ga-

zafxulis Rrublebs umanko qalwulebs; rad afrialebs Rvinis bairaRs leqsze Seyva-

rebuli siraji niSnad imisa, rom Rvino ar iyideba; vis uwodeben arabebi gaRmel aja-

mebs; romel qveyanaSi aaSenes iram-zRapari; rodis cocxldebian mkvdrebi arabeTSi,

Tuki isini Tavisi sikvdiliT ar momkvdaran; rogor ikargeba adamianis kvali udabnos

qviSaSi da ras niSnavs arabisTvis is dRe, roca mas xalian cxvars Cuqnian; ramden

xans grZeldeba Svidi yvavis sicocxle; vis eZaxian arabi tomebi Soreul winaprebs;

vin daimorCila arabuli jinebi, mere kumkumebSi daamwyvdia da zRvaSi gadayara; ra

asuqebs udabnos aqlems yvelaze metad; ras adareben arabebi qalis siaruls; risi

Cxrialis xma ismis udabnoSi, roca qari uberavs da qaravani zantad miuyveba qviSian

bilikebs; rogori muxlebi aqvs sanaqebo aqlems da ras gulisxmobs arabi, Tuki am-

bobs, rom man mze dalia; vin gaaSena qalaq basras irgvliv jadosnuri borcvebi, ro-

melsac veravin gaivlis, samtrod Tu miadgeba qalaqs; sad daiwera pirveli leqsi mi-

tovebuli karvis naSTebze, im naSTebze, romelic minaxavs ­ mec rom minaxavs da Tanac

mravaljer, roca Cveni qaravani oazisSi Camomdgara wylis Sesavsebad, iq ki mxolod

naSTi dagvxvedria imisa, rom odesRac aqac adamianebi cxovrobdnen, mere ayrilan da

gadasaxlebulan, an mezobel Tu Soridan mosul tomebs amouxocavT, an ubralod

udabnodan gamqralan iseve, rogorc sxvebi, mravali sxva, vinc udabnoSi qreba sruli-

ad ukvalod da es albaT udabnos mTavari Tvisebaa. arsad ise ar igrZnoba udabnos

suni, rogorc udabnoSi, magram arsad ise ar qrebian adamianebi rogorc udabnoSi da

45

litera gurji xaTuni

me ar mindoda gavmqraliyavi, me mxolod is mindoda, rom meswavla xelisgulze day-

ril qviSasTan CurCuli, qviSasaviT sunTqva da fiqri. me ukve vicodi, rogor damewe-

ra leqsi, magram ar vicodi, sad momeZebna saxli. saxli, romelic ar sWirdeba der-

viSs, magram mWirdeboda me, radgan me derviSi aRar viyavi, Cemi saxli ki verasodes

iqneboda axlos gurji-xaTunis sasaxlesTan da maSin gadavwyvite, rom aucileblad

vnaxavdi qarTveli dedoflis mSobliur qveyanas. Tu gurji-xaTuns ara, gurjistans

mainc vnaxavdi Tundac imis gasagebad, Tu sad daibada Cemi ubedurebis mTavari mizezi

da CrdiloeTiT mimaval qaravans avedevne. magram damaviwyda, rom aRmosavleTSi dro

nela gadis da udabnoSi adamianebi ar Cqaroben, mzec zantad moZraobs da kacTaTvisac

dReebi da Rameebi aziaSi ufro grZelia, vidre evropaSi. saqarTvelo evropa ar aris,

magram arc aziaa da sanam arabeTis udabnoebSi xetials samoci weli movandome, saqar-

TveloSi eqvsasi weli gasula da gurji-xaTunis qveyanaSi rom CamovaRwie, ukve mecx-

ramete saukunis bolo iyo. qarTvelebis umravlesoba maSin soflebSi cxovrobda da

me ki TbilisSi imitom davsaxldi, rom iq, seidabadis Zvel ubanSi sparselebTan er-

Tad arabebic megulebodnen da arc Sevmcdarvar. Tumca, maSindels TbilisSi qarTve-

lebsac da aTasi sxva juris xalxsac advilad Sevegue. ise SeveTvise, rom aqedan was-

vla aRarc mifiqria da albaT aq movkvdebi kidec. ratom geRimebaT? ara gjeraT, rom

qarTulis ase kargad swavla arab poetsac SeuZlia, Tu is ar gjeraT, rom mecxrame-

te saukunidan aqa vcxovrob? ara gjeraT? ai, fotosac gaCvenebT, Cemi pirveli fo-

toa, romelic aq, TbilisSi gadaviRe. axali Camosuli viyavi, mecxrametes boloa an

meoces dasawyisi, zustad arc maxsovs, magram es adgili xom Tqvenc kargad gecno-

baT? xom icaniT, rom me var da im Tqveni sajaro biblioTekis win vdgavar. Cemi leo-

pardi, arabeTidan rom Camoviyvane, jer sul pataraa. ai, daakvirdiT, jer kidev bokve-

ria da vaseirnebdi. kargad maxsovs, aleqsandres baRidan gamovdiodi da vxedav, im

Tqveni sajaros win ilia WavWavaZe dgas da suraTs iRebs. xalxic gaCerebulia da

siyvaruliT ucqers. mere, rom mokles, sul eg maxsendeboda, - ase Tu uyvardaT, ra-

Raze mokles-meTqi. mokled, mivdivar da Cemi patara leopardic mimyavs da am ambavsac

Seveswari: ilias fotos uReben da gamvlelebi ki uyureben. Cvenc gavCerdiT. mere is

suraTi, ilia WavWavaZe rom sajaros win dgas, bevrjer minaxavs da Tqvenc geqnebaT

nanaxi. maSin vifiqre, rom barem Cvenc gadaviRebT-meTqi da im fotografmac siamovne-

biT dagvayena iq, sadac manamde ilia idga. Tumca, is ki maxsovs, rom imis Semdeg did-

xans ar ucocxlia - cota xanSi mokles kidec da mis dakrZalvas zRva xalxi daes-

wro. mec iq viyavi, iq viyavi imitom, rom maSin, sajaro biblioTekis win xeli ise me-

gobrulad CamomarTva im lamazma kacma, rom misi cxedrisTvis pativi rom ar mimego,

Cemgan arc gamodioda kargad. is Cemi leopardis bokveri ki gaizarda xarfuxSi da im-

xela gaxda, rom imis saWmels Zlivs vSoulobdi. TbilisSi da saqarTveloSi ukve

bolSevikebi iyvnen da SimSili da gaWirvebac ukve dawyebuli iyo. CemTvis viklebdi,

rom leopardi gamZRariyo, magram imas ra gaaZRobda da erT Rames gamepara kidec. me

ki ar gamepara, SimSilsa da gaWirvebas gaeqca. mere bolSevikebma TaTbiri Caatares da

Cemi leopardis mosaklavad saukeTeso monadireebi Camoiyvanes axlomaxlo soflebidan

- eg vefxvi usuriulia da rom ar movklaT, xalxs daxocavso. jer es erTi, eg Semo-

paruli usuriuli vefxvi ki ara, arabeTidan Camoyvanili Cemi leopardi iyo; meorec,

bolSevikebi Tu imaze dardobdnen, rom Cemi leopardi vinmes rames avnebda, mere Tvi-

Ton imdeni xalxi daxoces saqarTveloSi da yvelgan, sadac iyvnen, rom Cemi leopar-

di, sul rom SimSilisgan amoxdomoda suli, magas ar ikadrebda. vinc Cems leopards

sofel diRomTan Tofi esrola, is monadire gvarad wiklauri iyo da kargad imitom

46

litera gurji xaTuni

damamaxsovrda, rom eg ambavi skolis wignebSic Caweres. mere da mere xom yvelam gai-

go da me ki manamdec vicodi da beduinebisganac msmenia udabnoebSi xetialisas, ­ sau-

keTeso moisarni da Cubinebi ariano wiklaurebi.

imaT tyvias sad wauvidoda Cemi leopardi.

bibi munajime

im Rames aravis eZina, aravis eZina mTels koniaSi, radgan Cveni sulieri batoni

ukanasknel wuTebs iTvlida Tavisi mSvenieri sicocxlisa da Cven gvsurda, misi uka-

naskneli amosunTqvis xmac gagvego. mevlana rumis pativsacemad im Rames yvela qara-

van-sarai Ria iyo da adamianebi sveli TvalebiT quCaSi idgnen. isini elodebodnen bo-

lo wams, mueZinis xmas mTavari minareTidan, romelic didi glovis dadgomas auwyebda

qveyanas da roca es xmac gaisma, aTasobiT adamianis xmac gaisma, aTasobiT adamianiT

aivso koniis quCebi. isini tirodnen: qalebi, kacebi da bavSvebi, vaWrebi, xelosnebi da

glexebi, mdidrebi da Raribebi - yvelas surda ukanasknelad Sexeboda sufis, ase nac-

nobsa da Zvirfass yvelasTvis, visac Tundac erTxel mainc unaxavs didi poeti da Se-

ixi jelal ed din rumi. is aRar iyo cocxali da aTasobiT adamians surda gaecile-

bina igi ukanasknel gzaze, romelic ulamazesi fardagebiT iyo mofenili, saxlebis

aivnebze gadmokidebul xaliCebze ki poetis leqsebi amoeqargaT koniel qalebs da sa-

marisebur siCumes mxolod qvafenilze dacemuli cremlebis xma arRvevda. jelal ed-

­dins Cveneburi, islamuri wesebiT krZalavdnen, magram procesias qristeanebic mihyve-

bodnen da iudevelebic, warmarTebic da cecxlTayvanismcemlebic, Turqebic, arabebic,

sparselebic, berZnebic, somxebic.

sulTani fervane sasaxlis win, Tavis amalasTan erTad Seegeba samgloviaro pro-

cesias. is ar iyo namdvili sulTani. samefo taxti gurji-xaTunis Svils ekuTvnoda,

magram seljukebis anatolia fervanes darCa qaixusrevis Semdeg da igi idga, rogorc

mbrZanebeli. mbrZanebeli, romelmac icoda, rom misi sikvdili aravis aacremlebda im

qveyanaSi, romelsac marTavda. albaT es Tu ifiqra im wuTs, rodesac procesiis daS-

la brZana da roca moulodnelad xalxis darbeva daiwyes, adamianebi mixvdnen, rom es

iyo pirveli SemTxveva, roca xalxisTvis poetis warTmeva moindomes. isini miCveulebi

iyvnen Zarcvas da sisastikes, magram pirvelad xdeboda, rom poets arTmevdnen; poets.

romelic xalxs ekuTvnoda.

da roca xalxma godebiT hkiTxa mas, Tu riT daimsaxures misi risxva, fervanem

Tqva: Tqveni amirTa fadiSahi verasodes Seegueba imas, rom marTlmorwmune muslimeb-

Tan erTad Tavis Seixs krZalaven qristianebi da iudevelebi - isini, visi gulic dax-

Sulia alahis sadideblad!.. maSin ki uTxra xalxma vezir fervanes, vinc Tavis Tavs

sulTans uwodebda: rogorc mze anaTebs mTels qveynierebas, aseve jelal ed­din ru-

mis WeSmariteba da sibrZne anaTebda yvela xalxis gulebsa da gonebas. mze xom yve-

las ekuTvnis da misi Caqrobac xom yvelas erTnairad aatirebs am miwaze, sadac ar

unda loculobdes igi - meCeTSi Tu eklesiaSi da ai, tirian kidec.

maSin fervane ufro ganrisxda, radgan viRacam pursac Seadara poeti, romelic

yvelas sWirdeba da maSin ki albaT sabolood darwmunda veziri, rom araTu sxva

rwmenis adamiani, arcerTi musulmanTagani ar itirebda mis sikvdils da aravin gaaci-

lebda mis cxedars cremliT da godebiT ukanasknel gzaze.

47

litera gurji xaTuni

... da maSin veziri gaxda ufro sastiki, vidre romelime mbrZanebeli, visac saku-

Tari xalxis sisxli odesme dauRvria da koniis mofardagebuli quCebi wiTlad Sei-

Reba mxolod imitom, rom adamianebs poeti uyvardaT. magram is, visac yvelaze metad

uyvarda jelal ed­din rumi, poetis dakrZalvas ar daswrebia. im dRes gurji-xaTuni

sasaxlidan arc gamosula.

juzepe karbone

didad gagvaxara Tqvenma werilma da agreTve iman, rom papis gankargulebiT wmin-

da kongregaciis mier gamogzavnili sanovage da aucileblobani konstantinepolis ga-

movliT anakliaSi miviReT, sadac Cvenma patrebma xomaldidan navebSi gadmotvirTes

yovelive da navebiT amouyvnen mdinares Cvens ganaxlebul sadgomamde. sanovagesa da

kongregaciis ZRvens Camoyva frangebis qveynidan erTi ucnauri kaci, romelsac ewada

noes kidobanis naxva da Cven avuxseniT, rom noes kidobani somxeTis mTebSia da Cvens

iqaur misionSi gavistumreT. qarTvelebmac daudastures, rom noes kidobani danamdvi-

lebiT somxeTSia da RmerTmac mSvidobaSi moaxmaroTo. axla qarTvelebi dazavebulni

arian mongolebTan da omianobis dros ki mTebisken ixiznebian xolme Tavisi qonebiT.

amJamad mTels iberielTa qveyanaSi mSvidoba ki aris, magram SeiZleba es droebiTi

iyos da Tanac mSvidoba Zlier aZabunebT xolme maT da roca ar omoben, namdvils

Rvinis triumfs moawyoben xolme yvelgan da verc grZnoben, rogor emsgavsebian wese-

biTa da CvevebiT mongolebs, visac mtrebs ki eZaxian, magram piradulis keTildReobis

gamo xSirad iviwyeben znesa da sindiss. amitomac, Zalian Znelia CvenTvis aq moRvawe-

oba da misiis asruleba da amitomac gvixaria, rom quTaisis axlos, sofel ilorSi

Cvenma patrebma bevri xalxi movnaTleT gasuls kviraSi. wignis mowerac amitom damig-

vianda, Tanac koniis samefosken wamomsvlelic ar gamoCnda, vinc ar SeuSindeboda

gzebze Casafrebul yaCaR qalebs, romlebic rogorc ki xelsayrel dros ixelTeben,

gamodian da Zarcvaven keTil mgzavrebs da ufro sastikni arian, vidre yaCaRi kacebi.

amitomac velodebodiT did qaravans, romelsac icaven da amden aqlems ase advilad

aravin uTmobs gzis yaCaRebs.

qarTvelebs ara aqvT pikara anu puri, romelic aqvT mxolod aRmosavleT iberia-

Si, amiTi gansxvavdebian amer da imer qarTvelebi. damwerloba ki saerTo aqvT da maTi

anbani Sedgeba cxovelmyofeli asoebisa da figurebisgan da maTi uwmindesi anbani aRe-

bulia qristes wylulebidan. aq umSvenieresi asoebi da figurebia, mTlad axali da

Zalian maxvilgonivruli. TiToeuli asos sicocxle da cxovelmyofeloba mTlianobis

harmoniaSia, kavSiris Sedegad ki srulyofaa; xolo TiToeuli aso ise iwereba, rogo-

radac gamoTqvams am bgerebs xalxi da es anbani ufro uxvia sxvebTan SedarebiT. es

aris metad tkbili anbani winadadebis, uwmindes jvarcmaze locvisa da sxva yvelaf-

risaTvis. antikuri ebrauli anbanis gamomgonebelia mose, ebrauli anbani gamoigona

ezdram, egvipturi asoebis gamomgonebelia dedofali izisi, laTinuri anbanis gamom-

gonebelia nikostrata karmenta, xolo qarTuli anbani ara hgavs adamianis gamogone-

buls da SemdegSi aucileblad gadmoviwer, gamogigzavniT da Tqvenc naxavT, rom igi

umSvenieres patara baRsa hgavs. sarezidencio adgilebi ki, romelic gviboZa qarTvel-

Ta mefem, Semdegia: lanCxuTi, suori, CiCeri, winandali, rasidi, juruleTi, jimereTi,

sitigve, oqona, dirbi, atasi, waRveri, cagoli, breTi, aradeTi, pirza, domoso, nabek-

tevi, guguli, kodi da korniCi. magram, miuxedavad samefo karis mfarvelobisa, qar-

48

litera gurji xaTuni

Tvelebis qveyanaSi mravali problema gvaqvs, rogorc adrec gwerdiT. berZenTa Cagone-

bebis gamo, qarTvelebi bolomde ar gvendobian. xSiria lamazi qalebisa da ymawvili

gogoebis mogzavna CvenTan sacTuneblad da Sesamowmeblad da roca Cven ar vRala-

tobT aRTqmasa da fics, maSin gvigoneben, TiTqos saWurisebi viyoT da amitomac ar

vmruSobT mSvenier qarTvel qalebTan.

bednieria is, vinc wiTur qals isurvebs, radgan naTlad kiafobs masSi sapatio

saTnoeba, - ase miTxra erTma aqaurma poetma.

am wignis garda, erTi wigni gavasrule guSin romSi gasagzavni da uavgustess

Semdegi sityvebiT mivmarTe: romaeli mRvdelTmTavris sarwmunoebis yavarjeni mociqu-

lebrivi senatiT da samRvdelo saxelmwifoTi Sens keTilSobilebas sTxoven, rom

morCilma da zeciuri saqmis mosurne xalxma RvTiuri SuqiT gaanoyieros keTildReo-

bis nayofi da saimedo da sanatreli naTesi aRmoacenos mraval samefoSi da maT So-

ris ki iberielTa ZvelisZvel miwaze. es xalxic uZvelesia da ukve sakmaod bevri

maTgani davxate da Tu odesme naxavT maT saxeebs, didad dagwydebaT guli, Tu isini

ar aRiareben WeSmarit eklesias da Cveni Sroma da Rvawlic fuWi aRmoCndeba.

araviTari eWvi araa da, ra Tqma unda, sinamdvilea, rom aRmosavleTis mefeebTan

SedarebiT, msoflioSi qarTvelTa anu iberiis mefeebi, rogorc amas aRiarebs sxva

xalxic, STamomavalia daviTisa, ieses, solomonisagan, Ze zemoTqmuli vaJis daviTisa.

es mtkicdeba ara mxolod mravali tradiciiT, aramed sxvagvaradac, magram jer ar

hyoliaT qarTvelebs mefe, romelic sruliad miatovebs Tavis mrude herezias, mtki-

ced aRiarebs kaTolikur sarwmunoebas da msasoebeli gaxdeba romis wminda eklesiisa.

amis gamoa, rom iberiis samefos xalxic Cavardnilia sulis cdomilebaSi berZnebis,

patriarqebisa da, agreTve, sasuliero pirebis mizeziT. amitomac vTxove kidev er-

Txel mRvdelTmTavars, rom kidev ramdenime mSromeli patri gamogzavnos saqarTvelos

venaxSi, romelic qurdulad daikaves iseTma adamianebma, romelTac sakuTari mosavali

ara gaaCniaT ra. me ki im adamianebze vtiri, romlebic Cveni qristes droSisaTvis Se-

upovarni da Zalian mamacni mebrZolni iyvnen da axla eSmas moneben. saqarTvelos im

miwas vtiri, uwin dedamiwis samoTxe rom iyo da kvnesis qaosad gadaqceula. me sa-

qarTvelos im miwas vtiri, romelic misi batknebis mkvebavi, aRTqmuli wminda qveyana

da qristes mimbaZveli iyo, axla ki taZris saZovarze nar-ekali gazrdila. im qveyanas

vtiri, romlis mcxovreblebma qveyniereba gananaTles, axla ki sibecisa da bneleTis dasa-

bami gamxdara, sadac yvela RmerTi mitovebulia.

monRolebma da sxva barbarosebma cecxliTa da maxviliT veraferi daakles qar-

Tvelebis fizikur arsebobasa da Tavisuflebas, magram sulierad isini ise gatexes,

rom verc ki mixvdnen es amayi iberielebi, rom maTi Zliereba maTs RirsebaSi iyo, ro-

melic dakarges da mec amitom vtiri. vtiri saqarTvelos, romelic mravali wlis

ganmavlobaSi Cemi satrfo iyo da Tu male aqedanac gamogvaZeveben, me is mainc meyva-

reba rogorc Zveli, dauviwyari da ulamazesi satrfo, romlisTvisac mudam viloceb

da Tqvenc amasve SegTxovT.

abdula albani

agreTveca gauwyebdeT ama moweriliTa wigniTa dedoflisa gurji-xaTunis sur-

vilsa eklesiaTa agebisa kabadukiasa da sxvaganca, sada mSeneblobani taZarTa ukve

gasrulebulni ars da Tuca friad ukvirdes selCukTa da ganarisxebdes yovelTa mo-

49

litera gurji xaTuni

hamedianTa qcevani gurji-xaTunisa, vera Ze xorcielTa ubedavdes aRkrZalvasa eklesi-

aTa Senebisa da erTi imaTgani sakuTarisa TvaliTa vixileniT ihlaras xeobasa mdebare

mdinarisa pirad friad Suenieri da warmtaci. igi saydari moxatulni mravaliTa Tqu-

enisa wmidaTa mowameTa saxelebiTa, ganacvifrebs yovelTa mnaxvelsa da iwodebis gi-

orgi didmowameTa da momxatvelnica iyvnes dia ostatni da gawafulni saqmesa amas.

ese yoveli Suenierebani ihlaras xeobisani kapadukiasa vixileniT sakuTarisa Tuali-

Ta da Cumisa sixaruliTa gavixareniT. Tuca ese anbavi eklesiaTa agebisa adreca ga-

uwyeT, magra msurdes agreTveca tyobineba ima ucnaurobaTa, romeli vervinca amoxsnas

jerovnad da aravin uwyodes WeSmariti igi simarTle Sesaxeb gurji-xaTunisa, romeli

Semdgomad taZarTa aSenebisa, gamqral iyos ukvalod da didi ars mwuxareba amisa ga-

mo koniasa da mTels selCukTa queyanasa zeda. erTni ambobdes, rom ukanasknelTa igi

sinopisa sazRvarzed unaxavsT, xolo meoreni anTaliisa zRvaTa ubnobdes da sxvanica

kidev sxvaTa da sxvaTa adgilTa imowmebdes, Tuca namdvili sayofeli ki aravinRa

icodes dedoflisa Tu dedofalyofilisa, Tu man arRara isurvos koniisa ganmgeblo-

ba. ukeTu isurva gurji-xaTunman kvlavca xilva samSoblo iberiisa, Tquen uTuod ge-

uwyebodaT da wigni Cemni arRara dagWirdebodesT Setyobad misisa anbavTa. Tu ukue

mecnos gurji-xaTunisa bedisa gzani da arRara iyos uCinarni samyofelni misni, mog-

werdes yovelivesa msaxuri Tquenisa didebulebisa wrfelisa guliTa, rogorca aqa-

momde gemsaxurebodes erTgulebiTa.

bibi munajime

mevlanas sikvdilis Semdeg is gaqra. gaqra ise, rogorc qrebian xolme caSi var-

skvlavebi da me misi Zebna ar damiwyia. Tumca, eZebdnen yvelani da yvelgan, magram

versad miagnes da mxolod is daadgines, rom ukanasknelad koniidan samxreTiT, im uc-

naur kldeebTan naxes, sadac qarTuli mzea gamosaxuli. aravin icis, rodis da rogor

gaCnda es figurebi aq, roca saqarTvelo ase Sorsaa Cveni qveynidan. me ki am figure-

bis ambavi swored misgan maxsovda, swored gurji-xaTunisgan vicodi, rom es Zvelis-

Zveli qarTuli mze iyo: bevri mze erTad da iseTebi, rogoric mxolod gurjebis qve-

yanaSia.

me ar damiwyia misi Zebna, radgan vicodi, rom mas gaqroba surda, vicodi, rom

wavida ise, rogorc odesRac avtori im wignisa, saqarTvelodan rom Camoitana dedo-

falma da yvelaze xSirad maSin kiTxulobda, roca Zalian uWirda. misi gaWirveba iyo

is, ris Sesaxeb mxolod man icoda. raRac sxva, Soreuli da mxolod misTvis nacnobi

tkivili. me ar damiwyia misi Zebna, radgan manamde ucnob varskvlavs, romelsac gur-

ji-xaTunis saxeli davarqvi, yovelTvis iolad vpoulobdi caze, roca Rame iyo wyna-

ri da me Zalian menatreboda Cemi dedofali. gaivlis kidev mravali weliwadi da ada-

miani iseT manqanasac moigonebs, romelSic gaixedavs da nebismier varskvlavs moZebnis,

magram maSinac, bevri grZeli weliwadis merec, mainc iqneba caze iseTi varskvlavi,

romelsac mxolod im SemTxvevaSi dainaxav, Tu igi Zalian, Zalian giyvars, rogorc me

miyvarda gurji-xaTuni, romelsac yovelTvis vxedavdi koniis caze da romelic iseTi

lamazi iyo, rogorc araferi amqveynad - arc miwaze da arc caze...

varskvlavi, romelsac gurji-xaTuni hqvia...

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litera gurji xaTuni

netav gurjebis cazec Tu Cans Cemi varskvlavi, netav qarTvelebis qveynidanac Tu

ase lamazia gurji-xaTuni.

suleiman derida oRli (Tbiliseli, meidneli meqise)

ai, am oTaxSi cxovrobda, Cvens mezoblad. leqsebsa werda arabulad. janze ki

iyo da uceb mokvda - Cemma colma iyvira, ro cudaT ario da Seveli da varskvlavs

veRara vxedamo, - meubneba. cota ucnauri kaci iyo da mec aRar uTxari, ro dRisiT,

mzisiT varskvlavs rogor dainaxam-meTqi da iman kide miTxra, romao, erTi biWi unda

movideso da mTavari anbavi unda mouyveo. me uTxari, ar SeSinde, eqims dauZaxeb-meTqi

da ar gaTavda? Tvalebi me dauxuWe. eg Siiti iyo, magram Cven sunitebi varT da Cve-

neburaT davmarxeT mzis Casvlamde. rodis iyo ega? guSin. Tqven gelodebodaT? mere

guSin mosuliyavi Se dalocvilo, yvelgan rogor igvianebT es qarTvelebi, sul Cqa-

robT da mainc su igvianebT. CvenTan SemobrZandiT, Cai dalieT da mere waxval. Cais

ara? Tu geCqareba? ra unda giTxraT abuze - Cven veZaxdiT papa abus, Tore ise Zalian

grZeli saxeli hqonda. arabebSi egrea. magan cota tyuilebi ki icoda, magram ise ki

kai kaci iyo da aq, ubanSi yvelas uyvarda. magas kide kata hyavda erTi da giJdeboda

im kataze, leopards eZaxda, magram erT dRes geepara is kata da Zalian idarda. saer-

Todac dardiani kaci iyo. ukve midixarT? mibZandebiT? aba, karqaT iyaviT da su kai

ambavSi SevxvedrodiT. mainc ras dardobda? yvelafers dardobda, erTi Tqveneburi qa-

li hyvarebia da imasa dardobda. Tamari erqva, Zaan lamazi iyo da ise gaqra, ro saf-

lavic ara aqvso. TviTon magisi saflavi sad ari? aq ari, Cveni, musulmanebis sasaf-

laoze davmarxeT. rogor ar gaCvenebT. ro ar geCqarebodeT, exlac wamogyvebodiT.

geCqarebaT? ki batono, guSin ki gagaswroT, magram exla sadRa gagaswrebT. roca mox-

valT, ai, am fanjaraze momikakuneT, saxlSi Tu ar viyve, qvemoT, abanoSi derida

ikiTxeT da damiZaxeben. qisa giyvarT? maS, erTi kai qisa Cemze iyos.

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