Database Management

inEducation Sector

Overview

• Definition-DBMS• Indian Education System• Need for DBMS in Institutions• School Management System• Campus Management System• Conclusion

What is Database Management System ?

• Software package with computer programs that control the creation, maintenance, and the use of a database.

• Database is an integrated collection of data records, files, and other database objects.

• A DBMS allows large amounts of data to be stored in the most efficient manner possible

• A DBMS provides facilities for controlling data access, enforcing data integrity, managing concurrency control, recovering the database after failures and restoring it from backup files, as well as maintaining database security.

• Popular DBMS solutions include Microsoft Access, FileMaker, DB2, and Oracle.

.• The Gurukul system of education is among the oldest educational

systems. Gurukuls were traditional residential schools of learning.• Nalanda which at its peak housed 10000 students is considered the oldest

established university• Education in India is provided by the public sector as well as the private

sector, with control and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local.

• The current system of education with its western style and content was introduced and founded by the British in the 20th century.

• Indian education system largest in Common wealth countries and 2nd largest in the world next to USA.

• All levels of education from primary to higher education are overseen by the Department of School Education and Literacy and the Department of Higher Education.

• The total number of enrolment in educational institutions was 224 million, with about 6.2 million teachers.

Indian education systemIntroduction

Literacy in India “Every person above the age of 7 years who can read and

write in any language is said to be literate“- The 2011 survey holds the National Literacy Rate to be around 74%. Government statistics of 2011 - Rate of increase in literacy is more in rural areas than in urban areas- Female literacy is at a national average of 65%- The male literacy was 82%- In Rural areas-Only 45.8 % girls complete education as compared to

66.3 % boys.- In urban areas, 66.3 % girls complete education as opposed to 80.3 %

boys- Kerala has shown the highest literacy rates of 93%- Bihar has the lowest of 53.8% literacy rate.- 'absolute non-literates' in the country are 304 million.- 35% of our population are still illiterate

Government Initiatives• Foreign Educational Institutions Bill of 2007• Greater Provisions for higher education under the 11th Five

Year Plan• Passing of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory

Education Bill• SSA Program to improve the internal efficiency and quality of

Secondary Education• Promoting ICTs, so that students can take greater control of

their learning and skills acquisition from sources other than

the teacher and textbook.

Central government’s education funds

• In eleventh Five year Plan (2007–2011), the central government of India outlined an expenditure of 65.6% of its total education budget of  438.25 billion.

-  287.5 billion on elementary education.

- 43.25 billion on secondary education. 

- 12.5 billion on adult education.

-  41.765 billion on higher education.

- 47 billion on technical education.- The remaining 1.4% on miscellaneous education schemes.• Financial Year 2011-12, the Government of India has allocated

Rs 38,957 crores for the Department of School Education and Literacy

• Rs 21,000 crores, is for 'Sarva Siksha Abhiyan‘• According to the  UNESCO, India has the lowest public

expenditure on higher education per student in the world.

Classification of Education in India

• Play school and pre school (2-5 years)• Elementary education (6-11 years)• Secondary education (11-18years)• Higher education (18 years & above)• Vocational education (16 years and above)

Regulatory bodies for school education• The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT)

is the apex body for school education in India. • The state government boards• The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) board.• The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations

(ICSE) board.• The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) board.• International schools affiliated to the International

Baccalaureate Programme and/or the Cambridge International Examinations.

• Islamic Madrasah schools, whose boards are controlled by local state governments, or autonomous, or affiliated with Darul Uloom Deoband.

• Autonomous schools like Woodstock School, Auroville, Patha Bhavan and Ananda Marga Gurukula.

Play School & Pre School Education

Present status• Lack of any regulatory mechanism for play school- pre school segment.• Population under the age group of 2-6 years is 10-11cr.• Gross enrolment rate(GER) in pre-school segment is as low as 18%.

Current trends• Rising awareness about the significance of early education for children

development and maintaining high enrolment and retention rates in primary education.

• Majority of the play school and pre school market is concentrated in urban areas.

Market size and players• Organized pre school market is dominated by private players a few of

them are kidzee, eurokids, treehouse.• The current urban market size is estimated to be Rs. 6000cr.

Elementary education

Present status - Rapid improvement in enrollment rates, at least in

primary schools. - Social disparity which was very high till 90’s has

been reduced significantly. -Sarva shiksha abhiyan gets most of the credit for

the improvement in elementary education.Drop outs - 48% in elementary education (std I-VIII) is mainly

because of socio economic reasons - States like Bihar,UP are way behind in terms of

GER, drop outs.

Secondary Education• Secondary education is an important

foundation for higher education• It helps in development of nation• The gross enrollment rate is 52%, in senior

secondary level it is 28%• Number of secondary schools are lesser than

the upper primary schools.• Most of the students are from urban areas.• The quality of teaching and learning is very low.

Contd…

The problem areas…Infrastructure• Low PTR and teacher absenteeism• 24% schools in India do not have proper school

building• 8% schools lack drinking water facilitiesQuality of education60% of children aged 7 to 12 cannot read a simpleSentence.Students teachers ratio is too high.

Demand for secondary education

Aspects Better performing states Slow performing states

Gross enrolment ratio(GER) Rajasthan, Delhi, Maharashtra, Uttarakhand

Bihar, Punjab, Haryana, Nagaland

Drop out rates Kerala, Goa, Haryana, HP Assam, Bihar, Mizoram, Meghalaya

Teacher appointments AP, J&K, Orissa, UP West Bengal, MP

Teacher training Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Assam, Tamil Nadu

Bihar, Maharashtra, Arunachal Pradesh

Construction of school buildings

Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand

Construction of additional classrooms

Gujarat, Karnataka, Assam, AP Chhattisgarh, UP, Manipur

% of expenditure on Education & Training of total budget

Assam, Maharashtra, Bihar, Delhi

J&K, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh

• The expenditure on higher education in India is estimated to be USD 6.2 bn in 2008.

• Public Institutions is expected to grow at 23% CAGR to reach USD 9.8 bn by 2012

• Private institutions have been focusing on the area of professional courses like engineering and medical as well as post graduation courses like MBA

•Amount spent in higher education in india is currently estimated to be ~INR 46,200 crores, and projected to grow at an average rate of ~18% to over INR 232,500 crores in 10 years.

• Private sector accounts for almost 67% of the total amount spent in the higher education sector.

•Number of Universities have grown at a constant CAGR (5%)over the decades from 1950-51 to 2009-10.

• Colleges in India have grown at a higher CAGR(8%) between 1990-91 and 2009-10 compared between 1950-51 and 1990-91 (6%).

Vocational education

•Vocational education is very important for building skilled workforce

•Percentage of students applying for vocational education in India is less than 20% compared to developed countries where it is more than 50%.

•Government ITCs and private ICTs offer 110 courses under vocational education including engineering and non engineering courses.

Why we need DBMS ?

• Admission & Registration

Receive applications for admission online

Generate automated sequential application form and admission numbers based on your preference

Evaluate candidates eligibility for admission

Option to schedule entrance examinations for the students

Automate and manage whole admission process and admit the students

• School Profile & Resource Management

Maintain complete details of the School

Maintain lands, buildings, resources, house details

Schedule school events, tasks and holidays

Customize school calendar - working days, year, and term

Define and list course wise subjects and class period for each subject

Create and maintain subjects group

Contd…

• School Profile & Resource Management

Maintain complete details of the School

Maintain lands, buildings, resources, house details

Schedule school events, tasks and holidays

Customize school calendar - working days, year, and term

Define and list course wise subjects and class period for each subject

Create and maintain subjects group

• Time Table Scheduling

Generate automatic timetable based on constraints

Timetable can be viewed according to day, class and teachers

• Academic

Design annual lesson plan and learning centre plan

View the scheduled assignments, tasks and events

Contd…

• Student Live

Communicate and share information with peers and teachers

Login and access lesson plans, homework, grades, events, etc.

Participate in school forums and discussions from anywhere

* Faculty Live

Access the details of the students and view their academic details

Assign and review the assignments given to students

Interact with other staffs, students and parents using the collaboration tool

Contd…

• Utility and Preferences

Create and maintain the list of users/groups

Set restrictions and permissions for the users to access specific modules, forms, data, reports, etc.

• Reports

Facility to generate any type of report.

Online analysis of performance with a wide choice of graphs.

School management system• Edu smart is a software package which is used

in school management system, it deals with the following aspects

Edu smart

Features- Online help to use EDU Smart School Manager.- Updatable software. - The program has all the help feature required.- Full database Back up and Recovery facility.- Student Information Management including General

Information, SR ( Scholar) Info, TC issue, CC issue.- Examination Management including Exam schedule, Exam

Subject, Classwise Marks Entry, Mark-sheet printing, Marks List printing, ResultSheet printing of the class, Roll No allotment, Permission-Letter/ Admit-Card.

Student Module

Student Module Contains Three Main Entities: i) Applicant ii) Student iii) Alumni

Student Module Includes following Process:

Time Table Design, Fees Structure Settings, Grading System, Admission Process, Student Enrollment, Div. Assignment / Transfer, Roll No. Generation, Attendance, Fees Collection, Examination.

Other Modules

1) Financial Accounting 2) Material Management3) Transportation 4) Hostel Management5) Activities Management 6) Student Behaviors/ Discipline7) Doctor Test/Medical Checkup8) Front Office

• Financial Accounting:

-All Accounting transactions like Journal Vouchers, Payment Vouchers, Receipts, Vouchers, Credit Note, Debit Note, Contra Vouchers (Bank Deposits & Withdrawal)are entered.

-It gives Day Book, Account Ledger, Group Ledger, Trial Balance, Income/Expense Statement, and Balance Sheet.

- Using 'Tally Exports' module accounting transaction exported in Tally.

The Material Management:

The Material Management Module deals with • Material (Dead stock, Consumables

and Salable Items). • maintains Issues, Returns, Purchase and Sales

Transactions.

Transportation Module

• It deals with the Own-Transportation as well as Out-side Transportation.

• Maintains Vehicle Details, Route Details and Trip Details.

• Transportation charges for the students are also maintained.

Activity Management Module • manages all the activities held in the school,

participant details and achievements by the participant.

Student discipline module• Student Discipline & Medical checkup details

are maintained in this module.

Payroll Module

Payroll Entity:i) Regular Employee

ii) Ad-hoc Employee iii)Ex-Employee

Payroll Settings:Leave Settings. Allowance & Deduction Settings, P.F.

Calc. Settings.Payroll Process:

Employee Recruitment, Leave Details, Attendance, Salary Calculation, P.F.

Payment, Advance Salary, Loan Payment, Termination, Transfer.

Additional features

The EDU Smart Extended by:1) SMS Application2) Question Bank & Online Examination

3) time table 4) E mail integration

5) Bio metric interface 6) Online services

Case study : Educomp ltd.Business model:

• Smart class• Builds IT infrastructure for private schools and licenses the digital

curriculum contentIncurs the initial expenditure in return to which it receives revenues 300 the next year

• ICT segment• Builds IT infrastructure for government schools on BOOT model• Incurs the upfront expenditure and revenues quarterly payment for

service rendered

– Case study : educomp ltd.• Largest provider of technology education products and services for K-

12 students. • Reaches out to over 21,000 schools.• It levarages its strong understanding of the technology and education

needs of school (public & private ) to deliver high quality, cost effective products.

- ICT and E-learning in education• It is a sunrise industry in India . Increase in computer infrastructure ,

internet users and broadband penetration in last decade means ICT & E-learning industry is expected to grow in near future.

Campus management system

This software package has the following systems:• College management system• Learning management system• Library management system• VLC system• Alumni management system• Fee management system• Staff management system

College Management System-CMS

Uses of CMS

• All the general information of a student can be displayed on a single click.

• Makes easy to maintain the student’s course info and their performance details.

• Maintain the attendance entry, leave entry and all the holidays of institution.

• Event management is easy.• Easy registration process for students.• Management of inventories is easy.

Learning Management System-LMS

LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

FEATURES:

Uses of LMS

• Create centralized learning environment to ensure consistency of content and study material.

• Tracking and reporting of courses becomes easy for user as well as for management.

• 24/7 access to learning contents and other material is possible for every user from anywhere.

• Allows learning to those who are outside of school area due to any reason.

• Course calendar is helpful module to be on time.

What Library Mgt System Does ?

• Automatic fine calculator reduce the chances of mistakes in fine calculation.

• Book search via book name, author name, description or notes makes it easy to find out its details.

• All subscription and transaction information are available at any time on a single click.

• To maintain the statistical reports is no more hectic work now.

• Librarian finds it easy to get the status of a book/ audio/ video CDs/ Journals, etc.

Features of VLC system

Benefits of VLC System

• Anytime and anywhere access to lectures.• Web based interface which accepts a variety of video

formats.• Student can edit the notes which are automatically

stored in his personal account.• Student can store videos on hardware like CD/ DVD so

that he can revise the lecture even if he has no access to internet.

• Because of video cataloging it is easily searchable.

Alumni Management System

• Alumni Registration• Alumni Log-in• Search Alumni Records and Contacts• Update Alumni Information

Fee Management System

• Generate complete summary of payable fees and collected amount.

• Detail of students fee history can be viewed by entering the id of the student.

• Dues list can be generated in different types like class wise, student wise or any item wise.

• Fee setting includes different items like annual fee, fine, conveyance fee, exam fee, etc.

• Fee structure can be defined as class wise and/or semester wise.

Staff Management System

• Maintain staff personal and career details • Keep records of staff attendance • Manage staff leave entries • Description of staff work involvement • Search Staff

Advantages Seamless, intuitive, easy to implement and use Secure, scalable and robust platform Flexible and customizable to suit individual school needs Connect all education stakeholders: Teachers, administrators,

students and parents Effective management of students and staffs records Meet diverse assessment needs of the school Impeccable automation of academic and administrative

functions Integration key functions of finance, payroll and fee collection Facility to intimate notices, events and holidays easily and

quickly Support for RFID Tags, Smart cards, Biometrics, etc.

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