ddpt beda parasitoid 2 (ddpt)
TRANSCRIPT
H. S. Smith (1919) pertama kali menggunakan istilah “Pengendalian Hayati” untuk menyatakan penggunaan musuh alami dalam mengendalikan hama-hama serangga.
P. DeBach (1964) lebih lanjut memperbaiki istilah pengendalian hayati dan membedakan antara “pengendalian alami” dari “pengendalian hayati”. Pengendalian alami ialah proses pengaturan kepadatan
populasi suatu organisme yang berfluktuasi di antara batas bawah dan batas atas populasi selama kurun waktu tertentu oleh pengaruh faktor-faktor lingkungan abiotik atau biotik.
Pengendalian hayati (dari pandangan ekologis) ialah “aksi parasit(oid), predator dan patogen” dalam pemeliharaan kepadatan populasi organisme lain pada suatu rata-rata populasi yang lebih rendah daripada yang akan terjadi jika musuh alami tersebut tidak ada.
The all are need to eat The land size reduced every year The policy of Indonesian government
some time is very strange Pests and diseaseThe chemical pesticides are used
continuously with wrong method
Using insecticideQuick action however impact of chemicals insecticide are dangerous to human being, livestock, and environmental
Using biological agentsSlow action however safe the environmental
Or integrated methods
Multiple Choice ????
0Incubation period
First signSymptom
Beginning of disease
Height
Disease
Period of lethal infection
DeathRecovery
ChronicInfection
THE COURSE AND PROGRESS OF DISEASE
Sycanus aurantiacus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), a new harpactorine species from Bali, Indonesia (Ishikawa et al., (2007).
• “Development of New Bio-Agents for Alternative Farming System”
• Tokyo University of Agriculture in collaboration with Udayana University since 2004
• Sycanus has been detected from cabbage fields at more than 1,000 m altitude, in Bali.
• After detailed examination of its morphology, we recognized this assassin bug to be undescribed.
• Additionally, we discovered the preferred• Prey of this species (some lepidopteran serious pests of cabbage and other arthropods).
• Thus this new species could be useful in biological control.
Egg parasitoidThe parasitoid laying the egg in the egg of the hostThe egg of host can not hatching to be the next stage/larvae
Larvae-Pupa parasitoid
Larvae/nymp parasitoid The parasitoid laying the egg in the larvae of the hostThe larvae of host can not to be the next stage/pupa
The parasitoid laying the egg in the larvae of the hostThe larvae of host can to be the next stage/pupaHowever can not to be adult
Nymph Larva and Pupa Adult
Parasitoids oviposit into third and fourth instar whiteflies, and complete their development inside the whitefly host. The developing larvae become banana shaped and translucent in color
tobacco aphid, Nomoptera, family
Virus vektor; Potato Leaf Roll Virus (PLRV), Potato Virus Y (PVY, and Potato Virus X (PVX).
sucking plant fluids
What the aphids Myzus persicae ?