Xharisz Yuka Mei S. Dulin BS Phar II

Member No. ________ Date: _______________________

Group No. __________ Instructor’s Signature: ________

Exercise 5

GENTIAN VIOLET SOLUTION

SYNONYMS: Crystal Violet ; Basic Violet 3 ; Methylrosanilinium Chloride

FORMULA: MASTER FORMULA: WORKING FORMULA:1/40

Gentian Violet crystals 10g

Purified Water 1000mL

PROCEDURES:

1) Mix alcohol with purified water.

2) Dissolve the gentian violet by agitation.

3) In this mixture, add sufficient amount of purified water to make the volume.

4) Place in a suitable container.

5) Label accordingly.

USES: Gentian violet is an antiseptic dye used to treat fungal infections of the skin (e.g., ringworm, athlete's foot). It also has weak antibacterial effects and may be used on minor cuts and scrapes to prevent infection.

QUESTIONS:1) What is the purpose of alcohol in the preparation?- Alcohol is used for better solubility of the gentian violet.

2) What is the chief solvent use?- Water is the chief solvent used.

3) What is the chief important use of the preparation when use internally?- This solution is used to control some intestinal parasitic worms, e.g. threadworm; In blood

banks to prevent blood transmission of Chagas disease; and as a dye to stain structures in the eye, e.g. during eye surgery

Member No. ________ Date: _______________________

Group No. __________ Instructor’s Signature: ________

Exercise 6

STRONG IODINE SOLUTION

SYNONYMS: lugol’s solution

FORMULA: MASTER FORMULA: WORKING FORMULA:1/20Iodine crystals 50 g

Potassium Iodide 100 g

Purified Water q.s 1000mL

PROCEDURE:

1) Dissolve the Iodine crystals in purified water containing the dissolved Potassium Iodide.

2) Stir well; add enough purified water to make 1000 mL of solution.

3) Place in the suitable container.

4) Label accordingly.

USES: Strong Iodine Solution is a germacide and fungicide, it is applied to directly to areas needing antiseptic. It is alos used in preoperative administration of Lugol's solution decreases intraoperative blood loss during thyroidectomy in patients with Grave's disease.

QUESTIONS:1) What is the percentage strength of Iodine in the solution?- 5%

2) What is the role of Sodium Iodide on the formula?- It is used for the formation of triiodide ions.

3) What is the usual dose of Strong Iodine Solution?For oral dosage form (solution):

To treat overactive thyroid (hyperthyroid):

- Adults and teenagers—One milliliter (mL) three times a day. The first dose is taken at least one hour after the first dose of your antithyroid medicine.

- Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.To prepare for surgery to remove thyroid gland:

- Adults, teenagers, and children—3 to 5 drops (approximately 0.1 to 0.3 mL) three times a day for ten days before surgery. This medicine is usually given along with your antithyroid medicine.

To protect the thyroid gland against radiation exposure:- Adults and teenagers—130 mg once a day for ten days.- Children—65 mg once a day for ten days.To treat iodine deficiency:- Adults and teenagers—0.3 to 1 mL three to four times a day.- Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

4) Which is more effective as an antibacterial agent between Povidome or Iodine Topical solution?

- Both are equally effective since their action is microbicidal; oxidizes cell constituents; iodinates proteins and inactivates them.

Member No. ________ Date: _______________________

Group No. __________ Instructor’s Signature: ________

Exercise 7

MAGNESIUM CITRATE SOLUTION

SYNONYMS: citrate, citrate of magnesia

FORMULA: MASTER FORMULA: WORKING FORMULA:1/5Magnesium Carbonate 15g

Citric Acid (Anhydrous) 24.4g

Syrup 60mL

Talc 5g

Lemon Oil 0.1mL

Potassium Bicarbonate 2.5g

Purified Water q.s 350 mL

PROCEDURE:

1) Dissolve the anhydrous citric acid in 150mL of hot purified water in a suitable dish; add

slowly the magnesium carbonate, previously mixed with 100mL of purified water, and stir

until it is dissolved.

2) Then add the syrup, heat the mixed liquids to the boiling point.

3) Immediately add the lemon oil, previously triturated with the talc and filter the mixture, while

hot, into a strong bottle (previously rinsed with boiling purified water) of suitable capacity.

4) Add enough boiled purified water to make the product measure 350 mL.

5) Stopper the bottle with purified cotton, allow to cool.

6) Add the potassium bicarbonate and immediately stopper the bottle securely.

7) Lastly, shake the solution occasionally until the potassium bicarbonate is dissolved, cap the

bottle and sterilize the solution.

8) Label accordingly.

USES: It is a chemical agent used medicinally as a saline laxative and to completely empty the bowel prior to a major surgery or colonoscopy. 

QUESTIONS:1) What is a Saline Cathartic drug?- saline cathartic  one that increases fluidity of intestinal contents by retention of water by

osmotic forces and indirectly increases motor activity.

2) What is the role of each ingredient in the formula, give it use?

Magnesium Carbonate – hydrating agents or osmotics

Citric Acid (Anhydrous) - stabilizing agent

Syrup- sweetening agent

Talc- disperssing agent

Lemon Oil- flavorant

Potassium Bicarbonate -hydrating agents or osmotics

3) What is the purpose of adding potassium bicarbonate? What is a good substitute if not available?

- Potassium bicarbonate is added as hydrating agent or osmotics.Sodium carbonate can be a substitute foe potassium bicarbonate.

4) What can replace anhydrous citric acid in the formulation?- Lemon juice or vinegar can be used as substitute.

5) What is the usual adult dose and child dose?-  For an adult the standard dose is 240 mL, which is approximately one cup. For children

between the ages of 6 and 12, the standard dose is 50 to 100 mL, which is approximately 1/4 to 1/2 of a cup. For children between the ages of 2 and 6, the recommended dose is 4 to 12 mL, which is approximately 1 to 3 tsp.

6) Show the chemical reaction involve to form Magnesium Citrate.

Member No. ________ Date: _______________________

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Exercise 8

RINGERS SOLUTION

SYNONYMS:  Ringer lactate

FORMULA: MASTER FORMULA: WORKING FORMULA:1/40Sodium Chloride 86gPotassium Chloride 6.3gCalcium Chloride 0.33gPurified Water 1000mL

PROCEDURE:1) Dissolve the three salts in sufficient quantity of recently boiled water.2) Filter and complete the volume.3) Place in a suitable container.4) Label accordingly.

USES: Ringer's solution is frequently used in in vitro experiments on organs or tissues, such as in vitro muscle testing. It may also be used for therapeutic purposes, such as arthroscopic lavage in the case of septic arthritis.

QUESTIONS:1) What are the three salts in the preparation?Sodium ChloridePotassium ChlorideCalcium Chloride

2) Compute for the amount of each ingredient needed to prepare 1 pint of the preparation.1 US pint =473.176 ml

473.176/1000=0.473

Sodium Chloride 86g*0.473 =40.7gPotassium Chloride 6.3g*0.473 =3.0gCalcium Chloride 0.33g*0.473 =0.15gPurified Water 1000mL*0.473=473ml

3) What is the solvent used in the formula?- purified water

Member No. ________ Date: _______________________

Group No. __________ Instructor’s Signature: ________

Exercise 9

POTASSIUM IODIDE SOLUTION

SYNONYMS: : Potide, potassium salt; Iodic acid

FORMULA: MASTER FORMULA: WORKING FORMULA:1/40Potassium Iodide 1000 gPurified Water q.s 1000 mL

PROCEDURE:1) Dissolved potassium iodide in sufficient amount of hot purified water.2) Cool to about 250C and add sufficient purified water to make 1000 mL.3) Filter until clear.4) Add enough water to make up to the volume.5) Place in a suitable container6) Label accordingly

USES: Potassium iodide is used to loosen and break up mucus in the airways. This helps you cough up the mucus so you can breathe more easily if you have long-term lungproblems. It is also used along with antithyroid medicines to prepare thethyroid gland for surgical removal, to treat certain overactive thyroid conditions (hyperthyroidism), and to protect the thyroid in a radiation exposure emergency.

QUESTIONS:1) What is the preservative added to the formula if Potassium Iodide solution is not used within

a short period of time?- Table salt

2) What is the common name of the preparation?- SSKI

3) What is the percentage strength of the solution?- 100%