decline of roman empire- germanic barbarians took over and everything fell apart
TRANSCRIPT
Decline of Roman Empire- Germanic Barbarians took over
and everything fell apart
PeriodizationPeriodizationPeriodizationPeriodization
Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000
High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250
Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500
Europe in the 6cEurope in the 6cEurope in the 6cEurope in the 6c
Middle AgesMiddle Ages• Had roots in classical Rome, Roman Had roots in classical Rome, Roman
Catholic Church, Germanic customsCatholic Church, Germanic customs• Y? Y?
1)1)Trade decreased, less $$Trade decreased, less $$
2)2)Downfall of cities– went to villagesDownfall of cities– went to villages
3)3)Population went from city to Rural Population went from city to Rural (country)(country)
4)4)Decline of LearningDecline of Learning
5)5)Loss of common language- different Loss of common language- different dialectsdialects
““Franks”Franks”
• Who: Germanic People, ClovisWho: Germanic People, Clovis
• What: group of people that held power What: group of people that held power in Gaulin Gaul
• Where: Gual (France & Switzerland Where: Gual (France & Switzerland today) today)
• When: 511When: 511
• Why: The leader Clovis converted to Why: The leader Clovis converted to Christianity & united all the Franks = Christianity & united all the Franks = made them all Christian made them all Christian
Charlemagne: 742 to 814Charlemagne: 742 to 814Charlemagne: 742 to 814Charlemagne: 742 to 814
Charlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s Empire
Pope Crowned CharlemagnePope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. Holy Roman Emperor: Dec.
25, 80025, 800
Pope Crowned CharlemagnePope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. Holy Roman Emperor: Dec.
25, 80025, 800
CharlemagneCharlemagne• Who: Charles the Great, king of Who: Charles the Great, king of
Carolingian dynasty that ruled Carolingian dynasty that ruled Frankish kingdomFrankish kingdom
• What: Holy Roman EmperorWhat: Holy Roman Emperor
• Where:Where:
• When:When:
• Why… on the next slide… Why… on the next slide…
1)1) Built an empire greater than any Built an empire greater than any known since Rome (Holy Roman known since Rome (Holy Roman Empire- [also a NC])Empire- [also a NC])
2)2) He was crowned HRE by the pope = He was crowned HRE by the pope = Pope had more power than a king… Pope had more power than a king… will be a prob for a LONG time… will be a prob for a LONG time…
3)3) Limited authority of noblesLimited authority of nobles
4)4) His death = break up of power & His death = break up of power & lands = feudalism & diff. countries in lands = feudalism & diff. countries in EuropeEurope
Holy Roman Empire (HRE)Holy Roman Empire (HRE)• Who: Charlemagne, EuropeansWho: Charlemagne, Europeans
• What: a united empire of Europe What: a united empire of Europe under one power- Charlemagneunder one power- Charlemagne
• Where: Most of EuropeWhere: Most of Europe
• When: When:
• Why: No other leader has been able Why: No other leader has been able to unify all of Europe under one pwer to unify all of Europe under one pwer since thensince then
Charlemagne’s Empire Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:Collapses:
Treaty of Verdun, 843Treaty of Verdun, 843
Charlemagne’s Empire Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:Collapses:
Treaty of Verdun, 843Treaty of Verdun, 843
The Carolingian RenaissanceThe Carolingian RenaissanceThe Carolingian RenaissanceThe Carolingian Renaissance
European FeudalismEuropean Feudalism
Section 2Section 2
FeudalismFeudalismFeudalismFeudalismWhat: A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service- governed Europe during Middle Ages
Pyramid social structure
Carcassonne: A Medieval Carcassonne: A Medieval CastleCastle
Carcassonne: A Medieval Carcassonne: A Medieval CastleCastle
Parts of a Medieval CastleParts of a Medieval CastleParts of a Medieval CastleParts of a Medieval Castle
The Medieval ManorThe Medieval ManorThe Medieval ManorThe Medieval Manor
Life on the Medieval ManorLife on the Medieval ManorLife on the Medieval ManorLife on the Medieval Manor
SerfsSerfs at work at work
Village Church
Village Bakery
Peasant Home
Manorialism & Its Decline After Plague
•Manor system provided feudal lords with wealth; peasants serfs were forced
to work the land in exchange for food and shelter; near slave labor
•Serfs typically could not leave the manor freely; had few rights and little
economic opportunity
•Trade expansion & plague would disrupt this system; serfs could dictate wages
and labor opportunities would open up in the cities c.1350
The Road to KnighthoodThe Road to KnighthoodThe Road to KnighthoodThe Road to Knighthood
KNIGHT
SQUIRE
PAGE
ChivalryChivalry:: A Code of Honor and A Code of Honor and BehaviorBehavior
ChivalryChivalry:: A Code of Honor and A Code of Honor and BehaviorBehavior
The Power of the ChurchThe Power of the Church
Section 4Section 4
Pgs. 370-373Pgs. 370-373
The Power of the ChurchThe Power of the Church• Weak political gov’ts around EuropeWeak political gov’ts around Europe
= Church #1 = Church #1
• Center of everyone’s lives in Middle Center of everyone’s lives in Middle Ages (remember the picture- center Ages (remember the picture- center of the village) of the village)
• Religion: _______________ Religion: _______________
Structure of the churchStructure of the church• Hierarchy of Clergy- just like Hierarchy of Clergy- just like
FeudalismFeudalism
• Clergy: religious officialsClergy: religious officials
(Clergy) Why?(Clergy) Why?• Served as the unifying force among Served as the unifying force among
the people in M.A.– brought people the people in M.A.– brought people togethertogether
• Served as the main contact with the Served as the main contact with the Church and God– aka SalvationChurch and God– aka Salvation
• Administered Sacraments (important Administered Sacraments (important Religious ceremonies/rites) Religious ceremonies/rites) – Ex: Baptism, Marriage, CommunionEx: Baptism, Marriage, Communion
MonasteriesMonasteries• Who: European ChristiansWho: European Christians
• What: religious communities where What: religious communities where Monks lived; Nuns lived in conventsMonks lived; Nuns lived in convents
• Where: EuropeWhere: Europe
• When: Middle Ages 500-1500When: Middle Ages 500-1500
• Why: Why:
1) were Europe’s best educated 1) were Europe’s best educated communities: schools, libraries, communities: schools, libraries, copiedcopied
A Medieval Monk’s DayA Medieval Monk’s DayA Medieval Monk’s DayA Medieval Monk’s Day
A Medieval Monastery: The A Medieval Monastery: The ScriptoriumScriptorium
A Medieval Monastery: The A Medieval Monastery: The ScriptoriumScriptorium
Illuminated ManuscriptsIlluminated ManuscriptsIlluminated ManuscriptsIlluminated Manuscripts
Canon LawCanon Law• Who:Who:
• What: system of justice- The law of the What: system of justice- The law of the Church for matters such as marriage & Church for matters such as marriage & religious practicesreligious practices
• Where:Where:
• When: When:
• Why: If you didn’t obey Canon Law, Why: If you didn’t obey Canon Law, you would be excommunicated or not you would be excommunicated or not allowed to take Sacraments = Hell!!!allowed to take Sacraments = Hell!!!
Power: Pope or King? Power: Pope or King? • The Pope had #1 power on earth.. The Pope had #1 power on earth..
• Kings thought they were from God & Kings thought they were from God & should have the #1 power… should have the #1 power…
• = struggle… Who has the #1 power? = struggle… Who has the #1 power?
• Examples: Examples: – CharlemagneCharlemagne– OttoOtto
(Power struggle contd)(Power struggle contd)• The Church resented Kings/nobles The Church resented Kings/nobles
having power over the church..having power over the church..
• The Pope BANS Lay Investiture…The Pope BANS Lay Investiture…
• Irritates King, so King says: “Step Irritates King, so King says: “Step down!” down!”
• Pope Excommunicates King HenryPope Excommunicates King Henry
• = The Pope has more power! = The Pope has more power!
Lay InvestitureLay Investiture• Who: European Kings & the PopeWho: European Kings & the Pope
• What: Kings & nobles appointed What: Kings & nobles appointed church officialschurch officials
• Where: _(you should know these by Where: _(you should know these by now…)_____now…)_____
• When: __________When: __________
• Why: Kings had power over the Why: Kings had power over the church = the Church/Pope gets mad = church = the Church/Pope gets mad = Pope BANS Lay Investiture= King & Pope BANS Lay Investiture= King & Pope fight Pope fight
Concordat of WormsConcordat of Worms• Who: Pope & KingsWho: Pope & Kings
• What: agreement b.n Pope & Kings What: agreement b.n Pope & Kings that that
• Where: Worms, GermanyWhere: Worms, Germany
• When: 1122 CE (Middle Ages) When: 1122 CE (Middle Ages)
• Why:Why:
DON’T FORGET to do these DON’T FORGET to do these cards that aren’t here… cards that aren’t here… • Carolingian DynastyCarolingian Dynasty
• LordLord
• FiefFief
• VassalVassal
• Knights Knights
• SerfSerf
• ManorManor
• ChivalryChivalry
The Power of the Medieval The Power of the Medieval ChurchChurch
The Power of the Medieval The Power of the Medieval ChurchChurch
bishops and abbots played a large part in the feudal system.
the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in Western Europe.
tried to curb feudal warfare only 40 days a year for combat.
curb heresies crusades; Inquisition
tithe 1/10 tax on your assets given to the church.
Peter’s Pence 1 penny per person [paid by the peasants].
Romanesque Architectural Romanesque Architectural StyleStyle
Romanesque Architectural Romanesque Architectural StyleStylee Rounded Arches.
e Barrel vaults.
e Thick walls.
e Darker, simplistic interiors.
e Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.