democracy, citizenship and lifelong learning value conference, june 2011 professor john annette,...
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Democracy, Citizenship Democracy, Citizenship and Lifelong Learning and Lifelong Learning
Value Conference, June 2011Value Conference, June 2011
Professor John Annette, Professor John Annette, Professor of Citizenship and Professor of Citizenship and Lifelong Learning, Pro Vice Lifelong Learning, Pro Vice
Master Birkbeck, University of Master Birkbeck, University of London London
““What needs to happen to empower the What needs to happen to empower the student student
to feel part and to be an active part of to feel part and to be an active part of his or her society?his or her society?
What need you to learn and must you be What need you to learn and must you be able to do- and feel- to contribute to societal able to do- and feel- to contribute to societal
learning? What are the skills of civic and learning? What are the skills of civic and political participation, and where do they political participation, and where do they
appear in the curriculum of higher appear in the curriculum of higher education? It will be necessary to keep education? It will be necessary to keep asking these questions to asking these questions to sustain a sustain a relevant and effective lifelong relevant and effective lifelong
curriculumcurriculum.”.”
Chris Dukes, “Towards a Lifelong Curriculum,” in Chris Dukes, “Towards a Lifelong Curriculum,” in Repositioning Higher Education, P.Coffield and Repositioning Higher Education, P.Coffield and
B.Williamson, SRHE/OU Press,1997B.Williamson, SRHE/OU Press,1997
Where is the ‘democratic Where is the ‘democratic citizenship’ in volunteering and citizenship’ in volunteering and
lifelong learning?lifelong learning? Education for ‘Democratic Citizenship’ as Education for ‘Democratic Citizenship’ as
well as ‘Active Citizenship’well as ‘Active Citizenship’ How do people learn democracy by doing it? How do people learn democracy by doing it?
Where is the Where is the learninglearning in volunteering and in volunteering and civic engagement?civic engagement?
Linking political knowledge with the Linking political knowledge with the development of civic skills and political development of civic skills and political understanding through volunteering and understanding through volunteering and civic engagementcivic engagement
Can ‘Democratic Engagement’ provide a Can ‘Democratic Engagement’ provide a pedagogy for a lifelong learning for pedagogy for a lifelong learning for democratic citizenship?democratic citizenship?
Underlying Concepts of CitizenshipUnderlying Concepts of Citizenship
1. 1. Liberal individualismLiberal individualism (rights)- consumer (rights)- consumer citizenship/human capital/membershipcitizenship/human capital/membership
2. 2. CommunitarianCommunitarian (responsibility/volunteering)-good-active (responsibility/volunteering)-good-active
citizenship/social capitalcitizenship/social capital3. 3. DemocraticDemocratic / / Civic RepublicanCivic Republican - (civic - (civic
engagement)- democratic engagement)- democratic citizenship/learning for citizenship as civic citizenship/learning for citizenship as civic
engagement engagement 4. 4. Cosmopolitan/European citizenshipCosmopolitan/European citizenship - -social movements and global civil society social movements and global civil society
action action
John Annette, ”Community, Politics and John Annette, ”Community, Politics and Citizenship Education,” in Andrew Lockyer, Citizenship Education,” in Andrew Lockyer,
Bernard Crick and John Annette, eds., Bernard Crick and John Annette, eds., Education for Democratic CitizenshipEducation for Democratic Citizenship, ,
Ashgate, 2003Ashgate, 2003
‘‘Everyday Democracy’- Everyday Democracy’- Rethinking the Public Rethinking the Public
Engagement of Higher Engagement of Higher EducationEducation
Linking Linking InformalInformal with with Non-formalNon-formal and and FormalFormal Learning for democratic Learning for democratic citizenshipcitizenship
Partnership WorkingPartnership Working between Higher between Higher Education CE/LLL and the Education CE/LLL and the Voluntary/Community SectorVoluntary/Community Sector
Recognition of the Recognition of the Diversity of voicesDiversity of voices and importance of and importance of DialogueDialogue
Civic ListeningCivic Listening in everyday talk in everyday talk Where is the Where is the ‘political’‘political’ in volunteering so in volunteering so
that it becomes civic engagement?that it becomes civic engagement?
Rethinking the Political and Rethinking the Political and ParticipationParticipation
Power Inquiry- Power Inquiry- www.powerinquiry.org.ukwww.powerinquiry.org.ukBeyond the Ballot - 57 democratic innovations from around Beyond the Ballot - 57 democratic innovations from around
the world. the world. (2005) (2005) Involve- Involve- www.involving.orgwww.involving.orgPeople and Participation: How to Put Citizens at the Heart of People and Participation: How to Put Citizens at the Heart of
Decision Making (2005)Decision Making (2005) CIVICUS- CIVICUS- www.civicus.orgwww.civicus.orgWorld Alliance for Citizen Participation is an international World Alliance for Citizen Participation is an international
alliance of civil society organisations. alliance of civil society organisations.
Pathways Through ParticipationPathways Through Participation
It is a joint research project being led by NCVO in It is a joint research project being led by NCVO in partnership with the Institute for Volunteering Research partnership with the Institute for Volunteering Research (IVR) and Involve. (IVR) and Involve.
The project aims to explore how and why people get The project aims to explore how and why people get involved and stay involved in different forms of involved and stay involved in different forms of participation over the course of their lives. Participation participation over the course of their lives. Participation means many things to many different people. The means many things to many different people. The project will look at participation in a very broad sense project will look at participation in a very broad sense and consider the act of taking part in a wide range of and consider the act of taking part in a wide range of social or civic activities.social or civic activities.
www.pathwaysthroughparticipation.org.ukwww.pathwaysthroughparticipation.org.uk
LADDER of PARTICIPATIONLADDER of PARTICIPATION
PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACYPARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY
COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN POLICY COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN POLICY MAKINGMAKING
CONSULTATION ON POLICY MAKINGCONSULTATION ON POLICY MAKING
CONSULATION ON POLICY CONSULATION ON POLICY IMPLEMENTATIONIMPLEMENTATION
INFORMATION ON POLICYINFORMATION ON POLICY
Lifelong Learning, Democracy and Lifelong Learning, Democracy and Education for Democratic Education for Democratic
citizenshipcitizenship Structured learning activities Structured learning activities linked to political decision makinglinked to political decision making Civic Literacy (‘useful knowledge’)Civic Literacy (‘useful knowledge’) Civic Discourse- Communication skillsCivic Discourse- Communication skills Civic Thinking- Analytical SkillsCivic Thinking- Analytical Skills Civic Understanding- Intercultural skillsCivic Understanding- Intercultural skills Civic Action- team working and leadershipCivic Action- team working and leadership Civic Listening- Gender, Race and Ethnicity, Social Class, Age,etc.Civic Listening- Gender, Race and Ethnicity, Social Class, Age,etc.
The Practice of Deliberative The Practice of Deliberative Democratic EngagementDemocratic Engagement
Institutional Design- citizens juries, citizens Institutional Design- citizens juries, citizens panels, visioning, deliberative polling, study panels, visioning, deliberative polling, study circles,etc. (Consultation or Participation?)circles,etc. (Consultation or Participation?)
Deliberative Opinion Poll (James Fiskin)Deliberative Opinion Poll (James Fiskin) Participatory Budgeting (Porto Allegre)-is a Participatory Budgeting (Porto Allegre)-is a
process of democratic process of democratic deliberationdeliberation and and decision-making, in which ordinary city decision-making, in which ordinary city residents decide how to allocate part of a residents decide how to allocate part of a municipalmunicipal or public or public budgetbudget. .
John Gastil and Peter Levine, eds., The John Gastil and Peter Levine, eds., The Deliberative Democracy Handbook, Jossey Bass, Deliberative Democracy Handbook, Jossey Bass, 20062006
Service or Service or Community Based Community Based Learning and Learning and Higher EducationHigher Education
1. Community Based Learning or Service 1. Community Based Learning or Service Learning or Learning through VolunteeringLearning or Learning through Volunteering
2. Structured Learning Experience with 2. Structured Learning Experience with Measurable Learning OutcomesMeasurable Learning Outcomes
3. Experiential Learning and Reflection 3. Experiential Learning and Reflection(cf. David Kolb, David Boud,etc.)(cf. David Kolb, David Boud,etc.)
4. Learning through Community Partnerships4. Learning through Community Partnerships5. Learning for Key Skills and Active 5. Learning for Key Skills and Active
CitizenshipCitizenship
cf. John Annette, ed., Civic Engagement and cf. John Annette, ed., Civic Engagement and Higher Education, special issue Higher Education, special issue British British
Journal of Education StudiesJournal of Education Studies, December , December 20102010
Service Learning ResourcesService Learning Resources
1. Campus Compact (www.compact.org)1. Campus Compact (www.compact.org)2. Barbara Jacoby, 2. Barbara Jacoby, Service-Learning in Service-Learning in
Higher EducationHigher Education,Jossey-Bass,1996,Jossey-Bass,19963. Janet Eyler and Dwight Giles,3. Janet Eyler and Dwight Giles,Where’s the Where’s the
Learning in Service Learning?Learning in Service Learning? Jossey- Jossey-Bass,1999Bass,1999
4. Kerry Strand,et.al.., 4. Kerry Strand,et.al.., Community Based Community Based Research and Higher EducationResearch and Higher Education,Jossey-,Jossey-
Bass,2003Bass,20035. International Association for Research on 5. International Association for Research on
Service-learning and Community Service-learning and Community Engagement Engagement
(IARSLCE).www.researchslce.org(IARSLCE).www.researchslce.org 6. Michigan Journal of Community Service 6. Michigan Journal of Community Service
Learning (www.mjcsl.umich.edu)Learning (www.mjcsl.umich.edu)
‘ ‘ Active Learning for Active Active Learning for Active CitizenshipCitizenship’- national pilot ’- national pilot
programmeprogramme1. Home Office-Civil Renewal Unit (now 1. Home Office-Civil Renewal Unit (now
Department for Communities and Local Department for Communities and Local Government)Government)
2. Learning Partnerships for Active Citizenship ( 8 2. Learning Partnerships for Active Citizenship ( 8 Regional HUBS)- Schools, FE Colleges, HE Regional HUBS)- Schools, FE Colleges, HE (Continuing Education)(Continuing Education)
3. Links to local and national voluntary sector?3. Links to local and national voluntary sector?4. Links to Local Government and 4. Links to Local Government and
Neighbourhood/Urban Renewal ProgrammesNeighbourhood/Urban Renewal Programmes5. Neighbourhood governance activities?5. Neighbourhood governance activities?
..
ALAC, Lifelong Learning ALAC, Lifelong Learning and Active Citizenship(2004)and Active Citizenship(2004)
1. Learning that is inclusive, pluralist, reflexive 1. Learning that is inclusive, pluralist, reflexive and activeand active2. Linking the informal(everyday life), the non-2. Linking the informal(everyday life), the non-formal(participation) and the formal formal(participation) and the formal (training/education) modes of learning(training/education) modes of learning3. Experiential learning- participation as a 3. Experiential learning- participation as a reflective and critical process leading to actionreflective and critical process leading to action4. Learning outcomes of democratic knowledge, 4. Learning outcomes of democratic knowledge, skills and skills and understandingunderstandingcf. Pam Coare and Rennie Johnston,eds.,cf. Pam Coare and Rennie Johnston,eds.,Adult Learning, Adult Learning, citizenship and community voicescitizenship and community voices, NIACE,2003, NIACE,2003
Active Learning for Active Active Learning for Active Citizenship Citizenship
An evaluation report of the ALAC An evaluation report of the ALAC pilot by Professor Marjorie Mayo and pilot by Professor Marjorie Mayo and Dr Alison Rooke, Home Office, 2006Dr Alison Rooke, Home Office, 2006
http://www.takepart.org/further-http://www.takepart.org/further-reading/reading/
What is ‘Take Part’?What is ‘Take Part’?
The aim is to provide programmes of active The aim is to provide programmes of active learning that enable people to gain the skills, learning that enable people to gain the skills, knowledge and confidence to become knowledge and confidence to become empowered citizens – citizens who are able to empowered citizens – citizens who are able to make an active contribution to their make an active contribution to their communities and influence public policies and communities and influence public policies and services. services.
Take Part is supported by the Take Part is supported by the Department for Communities and Local GovernDepartment for Communities and Local Governmentment..
Framework for active learning Framework for active learning for active citizenship for active citizenship
The national framework for active The national framework for active learning for active citizenship, learning for active citizenship, including principles, case studies, including principles, case studies, good practice advice and guidance good practice advice and guidance on how to run citizenship learning on how to run citizenship learning programmes for adults programmes for adults
Cf. www.takepart.org/framework-for-Cf. www.takepart.org/framework-for-active-learning/active-learning/
Taking Part: Active Learning for Taking Part: Active Learning for Active Citizenship and beyondActive Citizenship and beyond, ,
eds., M.Mayo and J.Annette, NIACE- eds., M.Mayo and J.Annette, NIACE- 20102010
Professor John Annette, Birkbeck Professor John Annette, Birkbeck College and Professor Marjorie Mayo, College and Professor Marjorie Mayo, Goldsmiths College- University of Goldsmiths College- University of LondonLondon
Introduction by Henry Tam, Introduction by Henry Tam, Department for Communities and Department for Communities and Local Government, Visiting Professor Local Government, Visiting Professor Birkbeck, University of LondonBirkbeck, University of London
European ActivityEuropean Activity CEV European Volunteer Centre-Symposium - CEV European Volunteer Centre-Symposium -
"Volunteering and Active Citizenship"Volunteering and Active Citizenship - two - two sides of the same coin?" - Berlin, Germany: sides of the same coin?" - Berlin, Germany: 19/10/2011 - 21/10/201119/10/2011 - 21/10/2011
ESREA Research Networks on: History of Adult ESREA Research Networks on: History of Adult Education and Training in Europeand Active Education and Training in Europeand Active Democratic Citizenship and Adult Learning Democratic Citizenship and Adult Learning networks Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of networks Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Education and Psychology Budapest, Hungary - Education and Psychology Budapest, Hungary - Conference to be held in Budapest, Hungary Conference to be held in Budapest, Hungary 16 – 18 June 2011 16 – 18 June 2011 ‘Adult Education and ‘Adult Education and Citizenship- Relations in Space and Time’Citizenship- Relations in Space and Time’
Lifelong Learning and Lifelong Learning and Democratic CitizenshipDemocratic Citizenship
the fundamental problem facing civil society the fundamental problem facing civil society is the challenge of providing citizens with is the challenge of providing citizens with “the literacy required to live in a civil “the literacy required to live in a civil society, the competence to participate in society, the competence to participate in democratic communities, the ability to democratic communities, the ability to think critically and think critically and act deliberatelyact deliberately in a in a pluralist world, the empathy that permits pluralist world, the empathy that permits us to hear and thus accommodate others, us to hear and thus accommodate others, all involve all involve skillsskills that must be acquired.” that must be acquired.” ((Barber, Benjamin, An Aristocracy of Everyone, Barber, Benjamin, An Aristocracy of Everyone, Oxford University Press,1992Oxford University Press,1992 ) )
