designing effective reading activities
DESCRIPTION
Designing Effective Reading Activities. Jennifer Bixby Joe McVeigh. Selecting appropriate reading materials. Intensive and extensive reading. Vocabulary Development. Using a dictionary Recognizing word forms Identifying affixes and roots Understanding collocations - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Designing Effective Reading Activities
Jennifer Bixby Joe McVeigh
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Selecting appropriate reading materials
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Intensive and extensive reading
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Vocabulary Development
• Using a dictionary• Recognizing word forms• Identifying affixes and roots• Understanding collocations• Guessing meaning from
context
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Checking on the vocabulary level
Use a vocabulary profiler such as this one at the English Centre at the University of Hong Kong
http://ec.hku.hk/vocabulary/profile.htm
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Vocabulary Profiler Results
Frequency Percentage
1 - 1000 words 703 92.1%
1001 - 2000 words 42 5.5%
AWL words 5 0.6%
Off-list words 13 1.7%
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Vocabulary Profiler Results• 1 - 1000: a about accept addition after agree agreement
allow also always an and are as at bad be because bills both broke brothers build business businesses but buy by car cared carried change child children college color could couldn counting course day describe didn difficult dollars done each easy enjoy enjoyed enough escape even every everything expected fact families family. . .
• 1001 - 2000: afford arguments baby clothes customer customers ducks during dusting exactly fun hated holidays hungry ice lesson lessons lot lots lucky nice parents proud rabbits restaurant salary shelves shop sweeping worried
• AWL: adult appreciate communicate eventually jobs • Off-list: budget chutney dusty feeding london menu
pakistan shy talents teenager untrained woodworking yelling
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General guidelines and principles for activities
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Teaching vs. testing
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Teaching vs. testing
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Bottom up processing
• Starting from sounds and letters to make meaning
• Identifying words and structures
• Focus on vocabulary, grammar, organization
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Top down processing
• Comprehension resides in the reader
• Reader uses background knowledge and makes predictions
• Teacher focus is on meaning-generating activities (Anderson 2008)
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Top down or bottom up?
1. Schema building to activate background knowledge
2. Pre-teaching new vocabulary words
3. Help students comprehend discourse structures
4. Underline a grammar structure or verb tense
5. Skip over vocabulary words you don’t know
6. Write the number of a paragraph where you find the answer
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Comprehension vs. strategy development
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Strategies
• Skim for ideas; scan for specific info
• Find the main idea
• Locate topic sentences
• Adjust reading rate relative to purpose
• Read and interpret tables, charts, maps…
• Make inferences about content
• Differentiate between fact and opinion
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What’s on the menu?
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Activity and Response Types
• Completing a table• Sorting or grouping • Finding information in
a reading• Answering questions• Writing a reflection
• Multiple choice• Fill in the blank• True-False• Matching• Sequencing• Completing a graphic
organizer
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What makes an effective activity?
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• Motivating and engaging – sack race
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Pump slide
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Pre-reading activities
• Schema building• Previewing• Predicting• Skimming• Identifying genre• Learning key
vocabulary
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Schema building
This reading is about the invention of the telephone. What do you know about the topic? List anything you know about the invention of the telephone. What do you want to know about the invention of the telephone? Write questions. After you read, you will fill in the chart with what you learned.
• What I know…• My questions:• I learned…
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Previewing
Preview the reading. Answer these questions.
1. How many paragraphs are in the reading? How long will it take you to read?
2. How many sections are there? What are the titles?
3. Look at the photographs and read the captions. What new word is explained?
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Predicting
The author of the next reading has a negative opinion about reality TV shows. What issues do you think the author will discuss in the reading?
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Identifying genre
Look at the magazine article. How is the format different from the newspaper article on page 17? What other kinds of differences are there?
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Learning key vocabulary
Read the sentence. Choose the best definition for the bold word.
1. Company signs come in a variety of colors.
a. different kinds b. small choicec. unusual order
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Activities while reading
• Keeping questions in mind• Taking notes• Filling in a graphic organizer• Monitoring comprehension• Developing fluency
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Keeping questions in mind
As you read, keep these questions in mind.
1. What were three steps in the design process?
2. What was the most difficult problem for the architects?
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Underlining
As you read, use a pencil and lightly underline important information. Only underline two points in each paragraph. Don’t underline complete sentences.
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Filling in a graphic organizer
As you read, fill in the T-chart.
Advantages of online classes
Disadvantages of online classes
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Monitoring comprehension
As you finish reading each section, answer the question.
Section 1: Who conducts the survey for the most livable city?
Section 2: Which city was the most livable city in 2009? Why?
Section 3: What three factors make it a great city to live in?
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Reading fluency
• Timed readings
• Word recognition exercises
• Capacity building
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Post-reading activities
• Comprehension• Critical analysis and
evaluation• Summarizing or
paraphrasing• Task-based output• Reflection and
integrated activities Photo:
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Comprehension
Answer these questions. Re-read the story if you need to.
1. Why was the narrator afraid of the old man?
2. What indications are there that the narrator is mad?
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Critical analysis and evaluation
In which lines of the reading does the author give factual information?
In which lines does the author give her opinion.
How do you know?
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Summarizing or paraphrasing
Write a paragraph in which you summarize the reading.
Write one sentence for each paragraph.
Be sure to use your own words. Do not quote directly from the text.
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Task-based output
Go back to the section describing how to make a paper airplane.
Take a piece of paper and follow the instructions.
Show your airplane to your classmates.
Did everyone’s come out the same way?
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Reflection and integrated activities
Do you agree with the author that technology is bad for human relationships?
Write a paragraph giving your opinion. Use quotations from the text to help focus your argument.
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Putting it all together
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Putting it all togetherDirections:
1. Read the text at the end of the handout.
2. With a partner or in a small group, select two activities for either the pre-, during, or post- reading portion of the lesson.
3. What activities would you choose? How would you design each activity? What would the students need to do to complete these tasks? How long would each task take to complete?
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Photo CreditsAll photos from flickr used under a Creative Commons Attribution
license
Snowy street “striatic”Shopper in aisle “Elsie esq”Rabbit reading email Toms BaugisAmazed child with book Pierre VignauShelf of books Alan LevineSoccer girls “Randy, son of Robert”B& W book and feet “striatic”Punk girl reading “txd”Vocabulary list “Autumn Bliss”Blueprints Todd EhlersTest “sergis blog”Dinosaur classroom “worldislandinfo.com”Bottom up Judith GreenTop down Marya “emdot”
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Photo creditsAll photos from flickr used under a Creative Commons Attribution license
Disintegrating sign Peter MorganStrategy Joe McVeighAisles of choices Lyza DangerClear water swimmers Lali MasrieraPole vaulter “latvian”Sack race Ian ChalmersGears “Ralphbijkers”Yellow chain Jurek DurczakPump “Tinyfroglet”Framed house Stephen BrotschulHand with highlighter Steph McGlenchyB & W classroom Chuck Phillips, U. of Arizona CESLPuzzle “Antoanetta”Question mark Ethan LoftonBlue bear Jeff TurnerFlower and sky Joanne Quirante-Escober
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Materials Writers Interest Section
• Come to the open meeting 5-7pm CC 602
• Visit the booth in the exhibit area
• Check your program book on p. 214 for more sessions
• Join the MWIS e-list through TESOL
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Come to our other presentations
• Pathways to Successful Co-authoringFriday, 7-7:45 AM CC 503
Daphne Mackey & Jennifer Bixby
• The World of Freelance ESL EditingSaturday, 5-5:45 CC 506
Dorothy Zemach & Jennifer Bixby
• Exploring College SlangFriday, 11-11:45 CC 504
Joe McVeigh & Ann Wintergerst
• Current Trends in ESL/EFL PublishingSaturday, 3-4:45 CC 304
Joe McVeigh, Louisa Hellegers, PietroAlongi, Sherrise Roehr, Laura Pearson
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Thank you
Download the PowerPoint slides
www.joemcveigh.org/resources