diabetes patient teaching strategies
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TEACHING THE NEWLY-DIAGNOSED DIABETIC PATIENT
Tools and Strategies for Success
Marjorie ReillySenior PracticumSUNY Delhi NURS 403, 11070Cheryle Levitt
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DIABETES STATISTICS
In the United States
There are over 25 million people with diabetes (diagnosed)
There are over 79 presently undiagnosed people with diabetes
Diabetes and its costs over 218 billion dollars annually
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YOUR PATIENTS Over 40 percent of newly-diagnosed
diabetics are over 65 years old.
One in five Americans read below the fifth grade level.
Many illiterate individuals have either normal, or above normal intelligence.
These are among the many challenges one may face in patient teaching,
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UNDERSTANDING YOUR PATIENT Anxiety with initial diagnosis
May have misconceptions influencing anxiety
Assess what your patient already knows
Begin teaching immediately
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LEARNING STYLES
Ask your patient about their learning preferences
Use teach-back methods in order to assess understanding
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LEARNING STYLES CONT…Watch for verbal and non-verbal
clues
Visual learners:
- phrases like “ I see what you’re saying”
- May look up and away when listening or considering something new.
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LEARNING STYLES CONT…Watch for verbal and non-verbal
clues
Auditory learners:
- phrases like “ Doesn’t sound right to me, or I hear what you’re saying”
- May look off to the side when listening or considering something new.
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LEARNING STYLES CONT…Watch for verbal and non-verbal
clues
Kinesthetic learners
- Phrases like “Just doesn’t feel right” - Used hand gestures when speaking - May look down when listening or
considering something new.
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TEACHING THE VISUAL LEARNER
Use pictures, graphs, videos and other visual aids
Flash cards
Encourage patient to take notes
Conversation Map
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Use visual tools like this graphic when teaching injection sites
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TEACHING THE AUDITORY LEARNER
Teach the patient with a verbal narrative. Audio/Visual presentations.
Read printed materials aloud.
Group (family) instruction with discussion and brainstorming.
Question and answer format.
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LOOK FOR VIDEO PRESENTATIONS WITH GRAPHIC DEMONSTRATIONS National Diabetes Education Program:
Healthy Eating with Diabetes:
http://ndep.nih.gov/resources/ResourceDetail.aspx?ResId=380
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VIDEOS WITH TRANSCRIPTS
Format with both video and transcript.
Graphic representations
Good for all learners, especially visual and auditory.
How Diabetes Affects Your Blood Sugar:http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/blood-sugar/MM00641
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TEACHING THE TACTILE/KINESTHETIC LEARNER
Quiet, uncluttered environment.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrAIGLkSMls Well-rested, snack if needed for energy.
Take frequent breaks (every 20 minutes)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrAIGLkSMls
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TEACHING THE TACTILE/KINESTHETIC LEARNER
Demonstration with models that can be touched.
Allow patient to manipulate supplies, especially with insulin administration .
Use a multi-sensory approach (seeing, touching, doing).
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SOCIAL MEDIA
Encourage use of these tools:
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/home.php#!/AmericanDiabetesAssociation
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SOCIAL MEDIA CONT…
Encourage use of these tools:
American Diabetes Association Message Boards: http://community.diabetes.org/
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CULTURALLY SPECIFIC RESOURCES
The American Diabetes Association
Resources and community tailored to specific target groups:
African American Latino Asian/Pacific Islander Native American
http://www.diabetes.org/in-my-community/programs/
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REALITYProblems
Time Constraints Limited Resources Health Literacy Limitations
Solutions Start Patient Teaching Early Be Creative Enlist Family Members Use “Teach Back” method to ensure
understanding
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ReferencesAmerican Diabetes Association. (2012a). Diabetes statistics. Retrieved from http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diabetes- statistics/Curry, A. (2011). Visual aids for diabetes education: Can teaching tools help people retain their lessons? Retrieved from http://forecast. diabetes.org/magazine/your-ada/visual-aids-diabetes-educationDille, B. (2007). Learning style Inventory. Retrieved from http://www.odessa.edu/dept/govt/dille/brian/courses/ 1100Orientation/LearningStyleInventory_survey.pdfHuizinga, M., Elasy, T., Wallston, K., Cavanaugh, K., Davis, D., Gregory, R., Fuchs, L., … Rothman, R. (2008). DNT sample questions. Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472- 6963/8/96/figure/F2?highres=yMayo Clinic. (2011). Video: How diabetes affects your blood sugar. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/blood- sugar/MM00641
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ReferencesNational Diabetes Education Program. (n.d.). Healthy eating with diabetes. Retrieved from http://ndep.nih.gov/resources/ ResourceDetail.aspx?ResId=380Redman, B. (2007). The practice of patient education: A case study approach (10th ed.). St. Louis, MI: Mosby-Elsevier.Smart Nurse. (2011). Locating subcutaneous injection sites. Retrieved fromhttp://smart-nurse.blogspot.com/2011/05/locating- Subcutaneous-injection-sites.html Smeltzer, S., Bare, B., Hinkle, J., & Cheever, K. (2008). Brunner & suddarth’s textbook of medical-surgical nursing (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: LippincottWilliams & Wilkins.