Dichotomous Keys, Phylogenic Trees & Cladograms

DICHOTOMOUS KEY APPEARANCEBinomial Nomenclature

Genus species

ONE

NAME SETIDENTIFY

Acinonyx jubatus

MOSQUITO

STONEFLY

Phylogenic TreesHow to Read Phylogenic Trees

1. Tree shows ______________relationships and closely related organisms

2. The bottom of the tree is the _______________organism

3. Each branch represents _________species4. Branches within a branch represent a

closer ____________ancestor

EVOLUTIONARY

OLDESTNEW

COMMON

A

D, E and F

They are the closest together on the same branch

CladogramsHow to Read a Cladogram

1. Show _____________relationships and development of ___________common to different organisms

2. The bottom _______is the oldest evolutionarily

3. Each ___________mark represents the development of a trait – any organism above the tick mark ________the trait

4. Organisms ___________to each other are the most __________evolutionarily

EVOLUTIONARY

TRAITS

LEFT

TICK

HASCLOSEST

SIMILAR

MOUSE and CHIMP

Salamander, Lizard, Pigeon, Mouse, Chimp

Pigeon

Hagfish

CARNIVORA

HOUSE CAT & MOUNTAIN LION

HUMAN

Felis concolor

Genus Species

STARFLOWER

BOWMAN’S ROOT

COMMON STRAWBERRY

HAIR

ABILITY TO PURR

LEOPARD & DOMESTIC CAT

WOLF, LEOPARD, DOMESTIC CAT

GEOSPIZAPLATYSPIZA

CERTHIDEA

CAMARHYNCHUS

EAGLE

JOCANACOMMORANT

KINGFISHER

F

FFTF

TFT

T

F

FT

F

WINGS

C

6 LEGS

A

SEGMENTED BODY

G

DOUBLE SET OF WINGS

E

JUMPING LEGS

BH

D

CURLY ANTENNAE

CRUSHING MOUTHPARTS

LEGS

Haliaeetus leucocephalus

Bubo virginianus

Phasianus colchteus

Classification Practice Stations

KINGDOM

SPECIES

GENUSSPECIES

Rana

pipiens

NO NucleusSmallerSimple

HAS NucleusLargerComplex

Cell A(Chloroplast & nuclear membrane)

Cell C(no nuclear membrane)

FUNGUS

PLANT

BACTERIA

PROTIST

ANIMAL

A

D, E and F

They are connected at a recent common ancestor off the main branch – same branch

Bacteria – bacteria have a branch dedicated to the evolution. Archaea branch is smaller and higher up the tree.

X

Animals and Fungi share the most recent common ancestor of the pairs of organisms listed.

CLAWS or NAILS

JAWS

Bacteria

Derived Characteristics or Traits

Nucleus orEukaryotic

MulticellularChloroplast

Cell Wall