Dietary FiberDietary Fiberandand

Formulation of a High Formulation of a High Fiber CookieFiber Cookie

Aaron BrownAaron BrownIsabel MearigIsabel Mearig

Margaret WilsonMargaret WilsonFSHN 381FSHN 381

Dept. of Food Science and Human NutritionDept. of Food Science and Human NutritionUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa

What is dietary Fiber?

• Commonly called roughage

• Indigestible portions of plant foods

• Similar to starch in structure (polysaccharides)

• Don’t usually provide energy to our bodies

2 Types of Dietary Fiber

• Insoluble – Does not dissolve in water

• Soluble– Dissolves in water– Gels

Soluble Fiber

• Found in…– In the pulp of fruits and some vegetables– Whole grains – Nuts– Beans and Peas

• Health Effects– May lower cholesterol– May reduce the risk of Coronary Heart disease– Increases satiety– May regulate blood sugar

Insoluble Fiber

• Found in…– The skin of fruits and root vegetables– Seeds and Nuts– Dark leafy greens– Wheat Oat

• Health Benefits– Promotes regular bowel movement and

prevents constipation

Fiber Recommendations

• The RDA for dietary fiber is 25 g per day.

• To meet these requirements its is recommended to consume:

• 5 servings of fruits and vegetables • 6 servings of grain products (3 whole grain)

Examples:A medium apple:

• 4.5 g of fiberA slice of wheat bread

• 1 g of fiber

Possible Fiber Complications

• Laxative effects

• Bloating

• Gas

• Cramps

• Constipation (only when not drinking enough water)

QuestionsQuestions

Vanilla Walnut CookiesThank you for participating in this survey.

Please take your time evaluating the cookie and feel free to ask for an additional cookie if you like.

ENJOY!!

Please rate and comment about the appearance, texture, and taste of the cookie.

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Appearance

Texture

Taste

Would you eat this cookie as a way to meet your fiber requirements? Circle one answer.

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Do you have any additional comments? Please Indicate On Reverse.

Bamboo FiberBamboo FiberVanilla Walnut CookiesVanilla Walnut Cookies

Purpose of experimentPurpose of experiment• To make a high fiber cookie using bamboo

fiber, adding at least 2.5g of fiber per cookie

With acceptable sensor characteristics;

• Good flavor

• Texture

• Mouth feel

JustFiber® Bamboo FiberJustFiber® Bamboo Fiber• Made from the stem of bamboo

• Pure (99%) Insoluble Vegetable fiber

• Fine White Powder (like corn starch)

• Zero Calorie

• Odorless

• Tasteless

JustFiber® Bamboo FiberJustFiber® Bamboo Fiber

• Used to increase fiber content of foods

• Binds up to 10x its weight in water

• Improves mouth-feel (creates smoother texture)

• Acts as an anti-caking agent

• Reduces breakage in baked products

• Helps to reduce staling

Our RecipeOur Recipe94 g All-Purpose Flour50 g White Granulated

Sugar47 g Brown Sugar1 g Baking Powder1.5 g Salt60 g Butter29 g Walnuts23 g Egg4 g Vanilla Extract

59 g All-Purpose Flour35 g Bamboo Fiber50 g White Granulated

Sugar47 g Brown Sugar1 g Baking Powder1.5 g Salt60 g Butter29 g Walnuts23 g Egg4 g Vanilla Extract30g of Skim Milk

Experiment

• Adding fiber to the cookies made them too dry.

• We added liquid in the form of egg whites and the cookies were rubbery and cake-like.

• We added liquid in the form of skim milk and the cookies had a better texture and flavor.

About Our CookiesAbout Our Cookies

• They are “high fiber”. They contain just over 2.5 g of fiber apiece or 5 g of fiber per serving (a serving is 2 cookies).

• This is 20% of the recommendation for fiber.

• They are a convenient way to supplement your daily fiber!

Serving Size 2 cookies (40g)

ConclusionsConclusions

• It is a very good fiber to be use in bake products

• Working with bamboo fiber was relatively simple

• It provides good texture and taste

• It is a good way to meet our fiber requirements