diodoros of sicily
TRANSCRIPT
peeters leUVen - paris - Bristol ct
2018
stUdia hellenistica
58
DioDoros of sicily historiographical theory and practice in
the bibliotheke
edited by
Lisa Irene HAU Alexander MEEUS and Brian SHERIDAN
TABlE of coNTENTs
Acknowledgements ix
sETTiNg ThE scENE
introduction 3 lisa irene Hau alexander Meeus amp Brian sHeridan
new and old approaches to diodoros can they Be reconciled 13 catherine rubincaM
DioDoros iN ThE firsT cENTury
diodoros of sicily and the hellenistic Mind 43 Kenneth s sacks
the origins of rome in the bibliotheke of diodoros 65 aude coHen-skalli
in praise of pompeius re-reading the bibliotheke historike 91 richard Westall
gENrE AND PurPosE
from Ἱστορίαι to Βιβλιοθήκη and Ἱστορικὰ Ὑπομνήματα 131 Johannes engels
historyrsquos aims and audience in the proem to diodorosrsquo bibliotheke 149 alexander Meeus
a Monograph on alexander the great within a Universal history diodoros Book XVii 175 luisa Prandi
Vi taBle of contents
NEw QUELLENfoRScHUNg
errors and doublets reconstructing ephoros and appreciating diodoros 189 Victor Parker
a Question of sources diodoros and herodotos on the river nile 207 Jessica Priestley
diodorosrsquo narrative of the first sicilian slave revolt (c 14035-132 Bc) ndash a reflection of poseidoniosrsquo ideas and style 221 piotr Wozniczka
how to read a diodoros fragment 247 liv Mariah yarroW
comPosiTioN AND NArrATivE
narrator and narratorial persona in diodorosrsquo bibliotheke (and their implications for the tradition of greek historiography) 277 lisa irene Hau
ring composition in diodoros of sicilyrsquos account of the lamian War (XViii 8ndash18) 303 John WalsH
terminology of political collaboration and opposition in dio-doros Xi-XX 329 cinzia bearzot
goDs AND myThs
the role of the gods in diodorosrsquo Universal history religious thought and history in the historical library 347 ceacutecile durvye
diodoros Mythology and historiography 365 charles e Muntz
taBle of contents Vii
diodoros and Myth as history 389 abram ring
EThNogrAPhy lANguAgEs AND liTErAcy
ethno-geography as a Key to interpreting historical leaders and their expansionist policies in diodoros 407 serena biancHetti
diodoros the Bilingual provincial greek language and Multilin-gualism in bibliotheke XVii 429 dylan JaMes
inscriptions and Writing in diodorosrsquo bibliotheke 447 peter liddel
rhEToric AND sPEEchEs
diodoros the speeches and the reader 473 dennis PauscH
the road not taken diodorosrsquo reasons for including the speech of theodoros 491 christopher baron
miliTAry hisTory
fate and Valour in three Battle descriptions of diodoros 507 Joseph roisMan
the Moral dimension of Military history in diodoros of sicily 519 nadejda WilliaMs
BiBliogrAphy 541
index locorum 589
generAl index 605
New aNd Old apprOaches tO diOdOrOs caN they Be recONciled
Catherine Rubincam
Abstract This paper briefly reviews the past century of Diodorean scholarship noting the changes in attitude and methodology that have taken place gradually over the past 50 years which have led to more attention being focused on the Bibliotheke Historike for itself rather than primarily as a source from which to extract fragments of its lost sources Three case studies are then discussed as examples of the benefits that can result from the attempt to reconcile old and new approaches to Diodoros It is argued that moving beyond the traditional antagonism to a more integrated methodology would enable us all to benefit from the rich diversity of scholarship currently in progress on this much criti-cised historian whose work will surely remain a crucial literary source for so many periods of Graeco-Roman history
enspensp
Poor Diodoros He never aimed or claimed to be a Thucydides or a Polybios he was not and he knew he was not a primary historian com-posing the first narrative account of events of his own lifetime using contemporary sources His declared purpose was rather to write a sum-mary digest of all the history worth knowing mentioning memorable
enspThanks are due first to the Triumvirate of Lisa Hau Alexander Meeus and Brian Sheridan for organising the conference at which the papers here collected for publication were originally presented and for inviting me to give one of the keynote addresses and second to all the participants in the conference for making so rewarding these unusual three days of concentrated conversation about Diodorean studies The conference and this volume should be sufficient proof that the field is very much alive and capable of generat-ing significant new insights into the Bibliotheke Historike and the vast period of ancient history contained within it Much of the research on which my paper is based was sup-ported by a series of Standard Research Grants from the Social Sciences amp Humanities Research Council of Canada spanning the period 1999-2012 Finally my husband Irvin Rubincam continues to be a source of wonderful support and encouragement always ready to ask useful questions to talk through problems and to critique drafts of what I have written
14 C RuBInCAM
achievements by individuals states and empires from mythical times to his own lifetime1 He believed passionately in the value of history for moral education and intended his work to make conveniently accessible as many examples as possible of morally edifying conduct2 The principal value of his Bibliotheke was to be first its encyclopedic content which would dispense readers from laboriously perusing the lengthier and more original histories from which he drew his material and second the annal-istic organisation of its narrative at least from the eighth century BC based on the best chronographic table he could find3 Thus his work was sim-ilar in purpose to a modern encyclopedic summary of world history such as Will Durantrsquos The Story of Civilization4 or a textbook for a first-year world-history survey course We do not know who were the Bibliothekersquos initial readers but in spite of the dearth of references to it by those lsquocul-tivated pagansrsquo on whose silence Eduard Schwartz laid such emphasis5 the survival of 15 out of its original 40 books surely indicates that the work did excite significant interest There is therefore no reason to treat Diodorosrsquo complaint against the production of pirated copies of his work with scornful disbelief6
1enspDiodorosrsquo statement of purpose I 35-82enspDiodorosrsquo general didactic conception of history I 11-3 his concern for the moral
dimension of history I 22 his justification for including mythology in his work so as to maximise the number of good moral exempla IV 13-4
3enspDiodorosrsquo claim for the distinctive value of his own work I 31-84enspDurant (1935-75) surveys the major developments in Western Civilisation from
Ancient Greece to the death of napoleon5enspSchwartz 1903 664 lsquonur ein guumlnstiger Zufall kann einem solchen Buch zur Fort-
dauer verhelfen Kein gebildeter Heide citiert D[iodor] jemals Plinius erwaumlhnt nur den Titel erst die Christen waren anspruchslos genug ihn heranzuziehen die euhemeristische Mythographie that das ihrige dazu So sind ein oder meherer Exemplare des Werkes oder einzelner Teile aus dem Altertum in die byzantinische Welt gelangtrsquo (lsquoOnly a fortunate chance can help the survival of such a book no cultivated pagan ever cites Diodoros Pliny mentions only the title the Christians were the first to be unsophisticated enough to be attracted to it mdash euhemeristic mythography contributed significantly to this Thus one or more copies of the work or of some parts of it passed from antiquity into the Byzantine worldrsquo)
6enspDS I 52 mentions the authorrsquos concern to deter booksellers from issuing premature and unauthorised copies of his work 408 preserves a fragmentary statement that the author wishes to disown some pirated copies put out for sale before final revision Stylianou (1998 139) suggests that Diodoros made these statements lsquoto obviate the charge of carelessness and incompetence once the Bibliotheke was completedrsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 15
unfortunately for Diodoros the chance that preserved completely three-eighths of his voluminous work while consigning to destruction the complete texts of so many of the works he used (eg the histories of Ephoros Douris Kleitarkhos Hieronymos) has caused scholars who would much prefer to be able to read those earlier works to criticise him by inappropriate standards These accidents of survival also almost inevi-tably determined that those same scholars would be interested in the Bibliotheke primarily as a means of reconstructing portions of those much desiderated lost histories
I defended my dissertation on Diodoros in 1969 mdash a different era in Diodorean scholarship The twelfth and final volume of the Loeb Clas-sical Library translation of the Bibliotheke launched by CH Oldfather in 19337 came out in 1967 That edition made the whole text of Dio-dorosrsquo world history accessible for the first time in a modern English translation mdash an achievement much in accord with the aims of the series in which it was published8 Its publication spanned a period of 34 years and had to be completed by a series of other scholars9 when Oldfather himself died before he could finish it (He might have echoed Diodorosrsquo plea for the sympathy and tolerance of his readers given the long time and enormous labour required for its composition)10 Oldfatherrsquos Loeb was the first of several translations of the whole Bibliotheke into various European languages to appear in the 20th and early 21st centuries11 It is surely a significant though little noticed fact that so many teams of scholars should have taken up in the past half-century the challenge of
7enspOldfather was responsible for the first half (vols 1-6) of the LCL Diodoros Vol 6 was published in 1954 the year of his death (see the biographical information from the university of nebraska Lincoln httpunlhistoryunleduexhibitsshowoldfatherlife- of-oldfather)
8enspThe interest of James Loeb who founded and endowed the series of Loeb Classical Library translations in lsquomak[ing] the work of classical authors accessible to as many readers as possiblersquo is highlighted in the account of its founding on the website of Harvard uni-versity Press
9enspThe remaining six volumes were produced by four other scholars CL Sherman (vol 7) CB Welles (vol 8) RM Geer (vols 9-10) FR Walton (vol 11) Geer and Walton collaborated on vol 12
10enspDS I 52 is his plea for a sympathetic appreciation of the difficulty involved in his undertaking he mentions the labour and time it required (eg) at 36 and 41
11ensp20th-century translations of the whole Bibliotheke are discussed in more detail in Rubincam 2009
16 C RuBInCAM
producing translations of Diodorosrsquo whole huge work The change in scholarly attitudes to Diodoros in the 19th century caused by the develop-ment of source criticism had led inevitably to a fragmentation of Diodo-rean scholarship mdash a situation in which no scholar dared to claim expert knowledge of more than one section of the work (sections being defined in terms of their respective source traditions) This made it impossible for any individual to attempt the task last undertaken by the great 18th-century Dutch scholar Peter Wesseling of producing a comprehensive commentary on the Bibliotheke12 It had less effect however on the pro-duction of translations These being directed at a larger and less schol-arly readership did not require such formidably comprehensive explan-atory matter Translators therefore might reasonably avoid the charge of hubris likely to be incurred by would-be successors to Wesseling none-theless the enormous size of the Bibliotheke far exceeding the surviving text of every other ancient Greek historical work still posed a special challenge Oldfather himself took 20 years (1933-54) to complete the translation of books I-XIV of the Bibliotheke Several other comprehensive translations of the Bibliotheke begun in the 20th century remain short of completion in varying degrees13 Such is the difficulty of carrying to completion the production of even a translation with minimal explan-atory notes of so long and complex a work Only in the past couple of years has an Italian team begun the process of producing the first full commentary on the Bibliotheke since Wesseling an enterprise that will require many more years to complete14
The secondary supervisor of my dissertation was Herbert Bloch one of the younger members of that cohort of brilliant European Jewish scholars whose flight from nazism so greatly enriched academia in Brit-ain and north America Among the many fields of expertise he brought with him to his new home at Harvard was source criticism (Quellenfor-schung or Quellenkritik) as applied to Greek historiography That area of scholarship had been a major strength in German universities since the mid-nineteenth century and provided the foundation for Felix Jacobyrsquos
12enspWesseling 174613enspThe most significant are the Budeacute French translation (Chamoux et al 1972- the
only one based on a new edition of the text) Vehrsquos German translation (Veh et al 1992-2009) and two different Italian translations For details see Rubincam 2009
14enspAmbaglio et al 2008 and Rubincam 2009
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 17
magisterial work Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist)15 Jacobyrsquos purpose was to recover and reconstitute as much as possible of the hundreds of Greek historical works whose texts had failed to survive the centuries of transmission by manuscript copying so as to provide a basis from which to reconstruct the development of Greek historiography Publication of this massive and encyclopedic work began in 1923 Jacoby like Bloch left Germany as a result of the nazi persecution of the Jews and found a home-in-exile in Oxford where he continued to work on the FGrHist nevertheless when he died in 1959 only two and a half of the projected five parts were complete After his death his papers went to Herbert Bloch Bloch however was understandably reluctant to shelve his work on the medieval monastery of Montecassino which had by this time become his major field of research to finish off the FGrHist The continuation of Jacobyrsquos great project had to wait until the 1990s when an international team of scholars began to publish additional volumes16
The tradition of source criticism (Quellenforschung) was the main driv-ing force behind scholarship on Diodorosrsquo Bibliotheke for the century from the 1850s to the 1950s The motivation for this enterprise was twofold First since Diodoros was by his own profession an encyclopedic his-torian who drew material from many predecessors it was important to determine which earlier writers he had used as sources for different sections of his narrative this would help readers to decide how much trust should be placed in that narrative Second given that the amount of Greek historiography lost so far exceeded what has been preserved identifying Diodorosrsquo sources might make it possible to reconstruct some of those lost works whose survival everyone would much have preferred had the choice been possible to that of the Bibliotheke The second of these objectives at least namely the recovery of as much as possible of the lost historiographic
15enspJacoby 1923-30 and 1940-5816enspSee Marincola 2000 summarising the progress made in the 1990s lsquoFornararsquos first
volume contained the commentary on Hellanicusrsquo Aigyptiaka (608a) and Aristagoras (608) More recently three volumes of Part IVA Biography have appeared IVA1 The Pre-Hellenistic Period edd J Bollanseacutee G Schepens J Engels and E Theys (1998) IVA3 Hermippos of Smyrna ed Jan Bollanseacutee (1999) IVA7 Imperial and Undated Authors ed J Radicke (also 1999)rsquo See also Marincola 2005 and Worthington 2005 outlining the plans for Brillrsquos New Jacoby to be published online as each section is completed See also the details provided by the publisher (httpreferenceworksbrillonlinecomclusterJacoby Online) on the latest developments in completing Jacobyrsquos project
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
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Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
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Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
BIBLIOGRAPHy 577
Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
fin and Barnes 97-119Seel O 1955 Die praefatio des Pompeius Trogus Erlanger Forschungen A Geis-
teswissenschaften 3 ErlangenSeibert J 1983 Das Zeitalter der Diadochen Ertraumlge der Forschung 185 Darm-
stadtSekunda N 2011 ldquoLaosthenidas (462)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
582 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
Intellectuals and Roman Power in the Time of Trajan (98-117 AD) Symbolae Facultatis Litterarum Lovaniensis A 29 Leuven
Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
kus WiesbadenStrootman R 2014 Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires The Near East
After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
BIBLIOGRAPHy 583
Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
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Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
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19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
ander Classics and Contemporary Thought 8 Berkeley CAVasunia P 2015 ldquoBarbarism and Civilization Political Writing History and
Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
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Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
BIBLIOGRAPHy 585
Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
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on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
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Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
BIBLIOGRAPHy 587
Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
588 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
TABlE of coNTENTs
Acknowledgements ix
sETTiNg ThE scENE
introduction 3 lisa irene Hau alexander Meeus amp Brian sHeridan
new and old approaches to diodoros can they Be reconciled 13 catherine rubincaM
DioDoros iN ThE firsT cENTury
diodoros of sicily and the hellenistic Mind 43 Kenneth s sacks
the origins of rome in the bibliotheke of diodoros 65 aude coHen-skalli
in praise of pompeius re-reading the bibliotheke historike 91 richard Westall
gENrE AND PurPosE
from Ἱστορίαι to Βιβλιοθήκη and Ἱστορικὰ Ὑπομνήματα 131 Johannes engels
historyrsquos aims and audience in the proem to diodorosrsquo bibliotheke 149 alexander Meeus
a Monograph on alexander the great within a Universal history diodoros Book XVii 175 luisa Prandi
Vi taBle of contents
NEw QUELLENfoRScHUNg
errors and doublets reconstructing ephoros and appreciating diodoros 189 Victor Parker
a Question of sources diodoros and herodotos on the river nile 207 Jessica Priestley
diodorosrsquo narrative of the first sicilian slave revolt (c 14035-132 Bc) ndash a reflection of poseidoniosrsquo ideas and style 221 piotr Wozniczka
how to read a diodoros fragment 247 liv Mariah yarroW
comPosiTioN AND NArrATivE
narrator and narratorial persona in diodorosrsquo bibliotheke (and their implications for the tradition of greek historiography) 277 lisa irene Hau
ring composition in diodoros of sicilyrsquos account of the lamian War (XViii 8ndash18) 303 John WalsH
terminology of political collaboration and opposition in dio-doros Xi-XX 329 cinzia bearzot
goDs AND myThs
the role of the gods in diodorosrsquo Universal history religious thought and history in the historical library 347 ceacutecile durvye
diodoros Mythology and historiography 365 charles e Muntz
taBle of contents Vii
diodoros and Myth as history 389 abram ring
EThNogrAPhy lANguAgEs AND liTErAcy
ethno-geography as a Key to interpreting historical leaders and their expansionist policies in diodoros 407 serena biancHetti
diodoros the Bilingual provincial greek language and Multilin-gualism in bibliotheke XVii 429 dylan JaMes
inscriptions and Writing in diodorosrsquo bibliotheke 447 peter liddel
rhEToric AND sPEEchEs
diodoros the speeches and the reader 473 dennis PauscH
the road not taken diodorosrsquo reasons for including the speech of theodoros 491 christopher baron
miliTAry hisTory
fate and Valour in three Battle descriptions of diodoros 507 Joseph roisMan
the Moral dimension of Military history in diodoros of sicily 519 nadejda WilliaMs
BiBliogrAphy 541
index locorum 589
generAl index 605
New aNd Old apprOaches tO diOdOrOs caN they Be recONciled
Catherine Rubincam
Abstract This paper briefly reviews the past century of Diodorean scholarship noting the changes in attitude and methodology that have taken place gradually over the past 50 years which have led to more attention being focused on the Bibliotheke Historike for itself rather than primarily as a source from which to extract fragments of its lost sources Three case studies are then discussed as examples of the benefits that can result from the attempt to reconcile old and new approaches to Diodoros It is argued that moving beyond the traditional antagonism to a more integrated methodology would enable us all to benefit from the rich diversity of scholarship currently in progress on this much criti-cised historian whose work will surely remain a crucial literary source for so many periods of Graeco-Roman history
enspensp
Poor Diodoros He never aimed or claimed to be a Thucydides or a Polybios he was not and he knew he was not a primary historian com-posing the first narrative account of events of his own lifetime using contemporary sources His declared purpose was rather to write a sum-mary digest of all the history worth knowing mentioning memorable
enspThanks are due first to the Triumvirate of Lisa Hau Alexander Meeus and Brian Sheridan for organising the conference at which the papers here collected for publication were originally presented and for inviting me to give one of the keynote addresses and second to all the participants in the conference for making so rewarding these unusual three days of concentrated conversation about Diodorean studies The conference and this volume should be sufficient proof that the field is very much alive and capable of generat-ing significant new insights into the Bibliotheke Historike and the vast period of ancient history contained within it Much of the research on which my paper is based was sup-ported by a series of Standard Research Grants from the Social Sciences amp Humanities Research Council of Canada spanning the period 1999-2012 Finally my husband Irvin Rubincam continues to be a source of wonderful support and encouragement always ready to ask useful questions to talk through problems and to critique drafts of what I have written
14 C RuBInCAM
achievements by individuals states and empires from mythical times to his own lifetime1 He believed passionately in the value of history for moral education and intended his work to make conveniently accessible as many examples as possible of morally edifying conduct2 The principal value of his Bibliotheke was to be first its encyclopedic content which would dispense readers from laboriously perusing the lengthier and more original histories from which he drew his material and second the annal-istic organisation of its narrative at least from the eighth century BC based on the best chronographic table he could find3 Thus his work was sim-ilar in purpose to a modern encyclopedic summary of world history such as Will Durantrsquos The Story of Civilization4 or a textbook for a first-year world-history survey course We do not know who were the Bibliothekersquos initial readers but in spite of the dearth of references to it by those lsquocul-tivated pagansrsquo on whose silence Eduard Schwartz laid such emphasis5 the survival of 15 out of its original 40 books surely indicates that the work did excite significant interest There is therefore no reason to treat Diodorosrsquo complaint against the production of pirated copies of his work with scornful disbelief6
1enspDiodorosrsquo statement of purpose I 35-82enspDiodorosrsquo general didactic conception of history I 11-3 his concern for the moral
dimension of history I 22 his justification for including mythology in his work so as to maximise the number of good moral exempla IV 13-4
3enspDiodorosrsquo claim for the distinctive value of his own work I 31-84enspDurant (1935-75) surveys the major developments in Western Civilisation from
Ancient Greece to the death of napoleon5enspSchwartz 1903 664 lsquonur ein guumlnstiger Zufall kann einem solchen Buch zur Fort-
dauer verhelfen Kein gebildeter Heide citiert D[iodor] jemals Plinius erwaumlhnt nur den Titel erst die Christen waren anspruchslos genug ihn heranzuziehen die euhemeristische Mythographie that das ihrige dazu So sind ein oder meherer Exemplare des Werkes oder einzelner Teile aus dem Altertum in die byzantinische Welt gelangtrsquo (lsquoOnly a fortunate chance can help the survival of such a book no cultivated pagan ever cites Diodoros Pliny mentions only the title the Christians were the first to be unsophisticated enough to be attracted to it mdash euhemeristic mythography contributed significantly to this Thus one or more copies of the work or of some parts of it passed from antiquity into the Byzantine worldrsquo)
6enspDS I 52 mentions the authorrsquos concern to deter booksellers from issuing premature and unauthorised copies of his work 408 preserves a fragmentary statement that the author wishes to disown some pirated copies put out for sale before final revision Stylianou (1998 139) suggests that Diodoros made these statements lsquoto obviate the charge of carelessness and incompetence once the Bibliotheke was completedrsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 15
unfortunately for Diodoros the chance that preserved completely three-eighths of his voluminous work while consigning to destruction the complete texts of so many of the works he used (eg the histories of Ephoros Douris Kleitarkhos Hieronymos) has caused scholars who would much prefer to be able to read those earlier works to criticise him by inappropriate standards These accidents of survival also almost inevi-tably determined that those same scholars would be interested in the Bibliotheke primarily as a means of reconstructing portions of those much desiderated lost histories
I defended my dissertation on Diodoros in 1969 mdash a different era in Diodorean scholarship The twelfth and final volume of the Loeb Clas-sical Library translation of the Bibliotheke launched by CH Oldfather in 19337 came out in 1967 That edition made the whole text of Dio-dorosrsquo world history accessible for the first time in a modern English translation mdash an achievement much in accord with the aims of the series in which it was published8 Its publication spanned a period of 34 years and had to be completed by a series of other scholars9 when Oldfather himself died before he could finish it (He might have echoed Diodorosrsquo plea for the sympathy and tolerance of his readers given the long time and enormous labour required for its composition)10 Oldfatherrsquos Loeb was the first of several translations of the whole Bibliotheke into various European languages to appear in the 20th and early 21st centuries11 It is surely a significant though little noticed fact that so many teams of scholars should have taken up in the past half-century the challenge of
7enspOldfather was responsible for the first half (vols 1-6) of the LCL Diodoros Vol 6 was published in 1954 the year of his death (see the biographical information from the university of nebraska Lincoln httpunlhistoryunleduexhibitsshowoldfatherlife- of-oldfather)
8enspThe interest of James Loeb who founded and endowed the series of Loeb Classical Library translations in lsquomak[ing] the work of classical authors accessible to as many readers as possiblersquo is highlighted in the account of its founding on the website of Harvard uni-versity Press
9enspThe remaining six volumes were produced by four other scholars CL Sherman (vol 7) CB Welles (vol 8) RM Geer (vols 9-10) FR Walton (vol 11) Geer and Walton collaborated on vol 12
10enspDS I 52 is his plea for a sympathetic appreciation of the difficulty involved in his undertaking he mentions the labour and time it required (eg) at 36 and 41
11ensp20th-century translations of the whole Bibliotheke are discussed in more detail in Rubincam 2009
16 C RuBInCAM
producing translations of Diodorosrsquo whole huge work The change in scholarly attitudes to Diodoros in the 19th century caused by the develop-ment of source criticism had led inevitably to a fragmentation of Diodo-rean scholarship mdash a situation in which no scholar dared to claim expert knowledge of more than one section of the work (sections being defined in terms of their respective source traditions) This made it impossible for any individual to attempt the task last undertaken by the great 18th-century Dutch scholar Peter Wesseling of producing a comprehensive commentary on the Bibliotheke12 It had less effect however on the pro-duction of translations These being directed at a larger and less schol-arly readership did not require such formidably comprehensive explan-atory matter Translators therefore might reasonably avoid the charge of hubris likely to be incurred by would-be successors to Wesseling none-theless the enormous size of the Bibliotheke far exceeding the surviving text of every other ancient Greek historical work still posed a special challenge Oldfather himself took 20 years (1933-54) to complete the translation of books I-XIV of the Bibliotheke Several other comprehensive translations of the Bibliotheke begun in the 20th century remain short of completion in varying degrees13 Such is the difficulty of carrying to completion the production of even a translation with minimal explan-atory notes of so long and complex a work Only in the past couple of years has an Italian team begun the process of producing the first full commentary on the Bibliotheke since Wesseling an enterprise that will require many more years to complete14
The secondary supervisor of my dissertation was Herbert Bloch one of the younger members of that cohort of brilliant European Jewish scholars whose flight from nazism so greatly enriched academia in Brit-ain and north America Among the many fields of expertise he brought with him to his new home at Harvard was source criticism (Quellenfor-schung or Quellenkritik) as applied to Greek historiography That area of scholarship had been a major strength in German universities since the mid-nineteenth century and provided the foundation for Felix Jacobyrsquos
12enspWesseling 174613enspThe most significant are the Budeacute French translation (Chamoux et al 1972- the
only one based on a new edition of the text) Vehrsquos German translation (Veh et al 1992-2009) and two different Italian translations For details see Rubincam 2009
14enspAmbaglio et al 2008 and Rubincam 2009
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 17
magisterial work Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist)15 Jacobyrsquos purpose was to recover and reconstitute as much as possible of the hundreds of Greek historical works whose texts had failed to survive the centuries of transmission by manuscript copying so as to provide a basis from which to reconstruct the development of Greek historiography Publication of this massive and encyclopedic work began in 1923 Jacoby like Bloch left Germany as a result of the nazi persecution of the Jews and found a home-in-exile in Oxford where he continued to work on the FGrHist nevertheless when he died in 1959 only two and a half of the projected five parts were complete After his death his papers went to Herbert Bloch Bloch however was understandably reluctant to shelve his work on the medieval monastery of Montecassino which had by this time become his major field of research to finish off the FGrHist The continuation of Jacobyrsquos great project had to wait until the 1990s when an international team of scholars began to publish additional volumes16
The tradition of source criticism (Quellenforschung) was the main driv-ing force behind scholarship on Diodorosrsquo Bibliotheke for the century from the 1850s to the 1950s The motivation for this enterprise was twofold First since Diodoros was by his own profession an encyclopedic his-torian who drew material from many predecessors it was important to determine which earlier writers he had used as sources for different sections of his narrative this would help readers to decide how much trust should be placed in that narrative Second given that the amount of Greek historiography lost so far exceeded what has been preserved identifying Diodorosrsquo sources might make it possible to reconstruct some of those lost works whose survival everyone would much have preferred had the choice been possible to that of the Bibliotheke The second of these objectives at least namely the recovery of as much as possible of the lost historiographic
15enspJacoby 1923-30 and 1940-5816enspSee Marincola 2000 summarising the progress made in the 1990s lsquoFornararsquos first
volume contained the commentary on Hellanicusrsquo Aigyptiaka (608a) and Aristagoras (608) More recently three volumes of Part IVA Biography have appeared IVA1 The Pre-Hellenistic Period edd J Bollanseacutee G Schepens J Engels and E Theys (1998) IVA3 Hermippos of Smyrna ed Jan Bollanseacutee (1999) IVA7 Imperial and Undated Authors ed J Radicke (also 1999)rsquo See also Marincola 2005 and Worthington 2005 outlining the plans for Brillrsquos New Jacoby to be published online as each section is completed See also the details provided by the publisher (httpreferenceworksbrillonlinecomclusterJacoby Online) on the latest developments in completing Jacobyrsquos project
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
574 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
576 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
BIBLIOGRAPHy 577
Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
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thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
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Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
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Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
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After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
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Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
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Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
hung der griechischen Ringkomposition AmsterdamVannicelli P 1987 ldquoLrsquoeconomia delle Storie di Eforordquo RivFil 115165-91 Vanotti G 1990 ldquoI discorsi siracusani di Diodoro Siculordquo RendIstLomb 1243-
19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
ander Classics and Contemporary Thought 8 Berkeley CAVasunia P 2015 ldquoBarbarism and Civilization Political Writing History and
Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
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Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
BIBLIOGRAPHy 585
Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
ture 3 OxfordWalbank FW 1967 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 2 Commentary
on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
586 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
BIBLIOGRAPHy 587
Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
588 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
Vi taBle of contents
NEw QUELLENfoRScHUNg
errors and doublets reconstructing ephoros and appreciating diodoros 189 Victor Parker
a Question of sources diodoros and herodotos on the river nile 207 Jessica Priestley
diodorosrsquo narrative of the first sicilian slave revolt (c 14035-132 Bc) ndash a reflection of poseidoniosrsquo ideas and style 221 piotr Wozniczka
how to read a diodoros fragment 247 liv Mariah yarroW
comPosiTioN AND NArrATivE
narrator and narratorial persona in diodorosrsquo bibliotheke (and their implications for the tradition of greek historiography) 277 lisa irene Hau
ring composition in diodoros of sicilyrsquos account of the lamian War (XViii 8ndash18) 303 John WalsH
terminology of political collaboration and opposition in dio-doros Xi-XX 329 cinzia bearzot
goDs AND myThs
the role of the gods in diodorosrsquo Universal history religious thought and history in the historical library 347 ceacutecile durvye
diodoros Mythology and historiography 365 charles e Muntz
taBle of contents Vii
diodoros and Myth as history 389 abram ring
EThNogrAPhy lANguAgEs AND liTErAcy
ethno-geography as a Key to interpreting historical leaders and their expansionist policies in diodoros 407 serena biancHetti
diodoros the Bilingual provincial greek language and Multilin-gualism in bibliotheke XVii 429 dylan JaMes
inscriptions and Writing in diodorosrsquo bibliotheke 447 peter liddel
rhEToric AND sPEEchEs
diodoros the speeches and the reader 473 dennis PauscH
the road not taken diodorosrsquo reasons for including the speech of theodoros 491 christopher baron
miliTAry hisTory
fate and Valour in three Battle descriptions of diodoros 507 Joseph roisMan
the Moral dimension of Military history in diodoros of sicily 519 nadejda WilliaMs
BiBliogrAphy 541
index locorum 589
generAl index 605
New aNd Old apprOaches tO diOdOrOs caN they Be recONciled
Catherine Rubincam
Abstract This paper briefly reviews the past century of Diodorean scholarship noting the changes in attitude and methodology that have taken place gradually over the past 50 years which have led to more attention being focused on the Bibliotheke Historike for itself rather than primarily as a source from which to extract fragments of its lost sources Three case studies are then discussed as examples of the benefits that can result from the attempt to reconcile old and new approaches to Diodoros It is argued that moving beyond the traditional antagonism to a more integrated methodology would enable us all to benefit from the rich diversity of scholarship currently in progress on this much criti-cised historian whose work will surely remain a crucial literary source for so many periods of Graeco-Roman history
enspensp
Poor Diodoros He never aimed or claimed to be a Thucydides or a Polybios he was not and he knew he was not a primary historian com-posing the first narrative account of events of his own lifetime using contemporary sources His declared purpose was rather to write a sum-mary digest of all the history worth knowing mentioning memorable
enspThanks are due first to the Triumvirate of Lisa Hau Alexander Meeus and Brian Sheridan for organising the conference at which the papers here collected for publication were originally presented and for inviting me to give one of the keynote addresses and second to all the participants in the conference for making so rewarding these unusual three days of concentrated conversation about Diodorean studies The conference and this volume should be sufficient proof that the field is very much alive and capable of generat-ing significant new insights into the Bibliotheke Historike and the vast period of ancient history contained within it Much of the research on which my paper is based was sup-ported by a series of Standard Research Grants from the Social Sciences amp Humanities Research Council of Canada spanning the period 1999-2012 Finally my husband Irvin Rubincam continues to be a source of wonderful support and encouragement always ready to ask useful questions to talk through problems and to critique drafts of what I have written
14 C RuBInCAM
achievements by individuals states and empires from mythical times to his own lifetime1 He believed passionately in the value of history for moral education and intended his work to make conveniently accessible as many examples as possible of morally edifying conduct2 The principal value of his Bibliotheke was to be first its encyclopedic content which would dispense readers from laboriously perusing the lengthier and more original histories from which he drew his material and second the annal-istic organisation of its narrative at least from the eighth century BC based on the best chronographic table he could find3 Thus his work was sim-ilar in purpose to a modern encyclopedic summary of world history such as Will Durantrsquos The Story of Civilization4 or a textbook for a first-year world-history survey course We do not know who were the Bibliothekersquos initial readers but in spite of the dearth of references to it by those lsquocul-tivated pagansrsquo on whose silence Eduard Schwartz laid such emphasis5 the survival of 15 out of its original 40 books surely indicates that the work did excite significant interest There is therefore no reason to treat Diodorosrsquo complaint against the production of pirated copies of his work with scornful disbelief6
1enspDiodorosrsquo statement of purpose I 35-82enspDiodorosrsquo general didactic conception of history I 11-3 his concern for the moral
dimension of history I 22 his justification for including mythology in his work so as to maximise the number of good moral exempla IV 13-4
3enspDiodorosrsquo claim for the distinctive value of his own work I 31-84enspDurant (1935-75) surveys the major developments in Western Civilisation from
Ancient Greece to the death of napoleon5enspSchwartz 1903 664 lsquonur ein guumlnstiger Zufall kann einem solchen Buch zur Fort-
dauer verhelfen Kein gebildeter Heide citiert D[iodor] jemals Plinius erwaumlhnt nur den Titel erst die Christen waren anspruchslos genug ihn heranzuziehen die euhemeristische Mythographie that das ihrige dazu So sind ein oder meherer Exemplare des Werkes oder einzelner Teile aus dem Altertum in die byzantinische Welt gelangtrsquo (lsquoOnly a fortunate chance can help the survival of such a book no cultivated pagan ever cites Diodoros Pliny mentions only the title the Christians were the first to be unsophisticated enough to be attracted to it mdash euhemeristic mythography contributed significantly to this Thus one or more copies of the work or of some parts of it passed from antiquity into the Byzantine worldrsquo)
6enspDS I 52 mentions the authorrsquos concern to deter booksellers from issuing premature and unauthorised copies of his work 408 preserves a fragmentary statement that the author wishes to disown some pirated copies put out for sale before final revision Stylianou (1998 139) suggests that Diodoros made these statements lsquoto obviate the charge of carelessness and incompetence once the Bibliotheke was completedrsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 15
unfortunately for Diodoros the chance that preserved completely three-eighths of his voluminous work while consigning to destruction the complete texts of so many of the works he used (eg the histories of Ephoros Douris Kleitarkhos Hieronymos) has caused scholars who would much prefer to be able to read those earlier works to criticise him by inappropriate standards These accidents of survival also almost inevi-tably determined that those same scholars would be interested in the Bibliotheke primarily as a means of reconstructing portions of those much desiderated lost histories
I defended my dissertation on Diodoros in 1969 mdash a different era in Diodorean scholarship The twelfth and final volume of the Loeb Clas-sical Library translation of the Bibliotheke launched by CH Oldfather in 19337 came out in 1967 That edition made the whole text of Dio-dorosrsquo world history accessible for the first time in a modern English translation mdash an achievement much in accord with the aims of the series in which it was published8 Its publication spanned a period of 34 years and had to be completed by a series of other scholars9 when Oldfather himself died before he could finish it (He might have echoed Diodorosrsquo plea for the sympathy and tolerance of his readers given the long time and enormous labour required for its composition)10 Oldfatherrsquos Loeb was the first of several translations of the whole Bibliotheke into various European languages to appear in the 20th and early 21st centuries11 It is surely a significant though little noticed fact that so many teams of scholars should have taken up in the past half-century the challenge of
7enspOldfather was responsible for the first half (vols 1-6) of the LCL Diodoros Vol 6 was published in 1954 the year of his death (see the biographical information from the university of nebraska Lincoln httpunlhistoryunleduexhibitsshowoldfatherlife- of-oldfather)
8enspThe interest of James Loeb who founded and endowed the series of Loeb Classical Library translations in lsquomak[ing] the work of classical authors accessible to as many readers as possiblersquo is highlighted in the account of its founding on the website of Harvard uni-versity Press
9enspThe remaining six volumes were produced by four other scholars CL Sherman (vol 7) CB Welles (vol 8) RM Geer (vols 9-10) FR Walton (vol 11) Geer and Walton collaborated on vol 12
10enspDS I 52 is his plea for a sympathetic appreciation of the difficulty involved in his undertaking he mentions the labour and time it required (eg) at 36 and 41
11ensp20th-century translations of the whole Bibliotheke are discussed in more detail in Rubincam 2009
16 C RuBInCAM
producing translations of Diodorosrsquo whole huge work The change in scholarly attitudes to Diodoros in the 19th century caused by the develop-ment of source criticism had led inevitably to a fragmentation of Diodo-rean scholarship mdash a situation in which no scholar dared to claim expert knowledge of more than one section of the work (sections being defined in terms of their respective source traditions) This made it impossible for any individual to attempt the task last undertaken by the great 18th-century Dutch scholar Peter Wesseling of producing a comprehensive commentary on the Bibliotheke12 It had less effect however on the pro-duction of translations These being directed at a larger and less schol-arly readership did not require such formidably comprehensive explan-atory matter Translators therefore might reasonably avoid the charge of hubris likely to be incurred by would-be successors to Wesseling none-theless the enormous size of the Bibliotheke far exceeding the surviving text of every other ancient Greek historical work still posed a special challenge Oldfather himself took 20 years (1933-54) to complete the translation of books I-XIV of the Bibliotheke Several other comprehensive translations of the Bibliotheke begun in the 20th century remain short of completion in varying degrees13 Such is the difficulty of carrying to completion the production of even a translation with minimal explan-atory notes of so long and complex a work Only in the past couple of years has an Italian team begun the process of producing the first full commentary on the Bibliotheke since Wesseling an enterprise that will require many more years to complete14
The secondary supervisor of my dissertation was Herbert Bloch one of the younger members of that cohort of brilliant European Jewish scholars whose flight from nazism so greatly enriched academia in Brit-ain and north America Among the many fields of expertise he brought with him to his new home at Harvard was source criticism (Quellenfor-schung or Quellenkritik) as applied to Greek historiography That area of scholarship had been a major strength in German universities since the mid-nineteenth century and provided the foundation for Felix Jacobyrsquos
12enspWesseling 174613enspThe most significant are the Budeacute French translation (Chamoux et al 1972- the
only one based on a new edition of the text) Vehrsquos German translation (Veh et al 1992-2009) and two different Italian translations For details see Rubincam 2009
14enspAmbaglio et al 2008 and Rubincam 2009
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 17
magisterial work Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist)15 Jacobyrsquos purpose was to recover and reconstitute as much as possible of the hundreds of Greek historical works whose texts had failed to survive the centuries of transmission by manuscript copying so as to provide a basis from which to reconstruct the development of Greek historiography Publication of this massive and encyclopedic work began in 1923 Jacoby like Bloch left Germany as a result of the nazi persecution of the Jews and found a home-in-exile in Oxford where he continued to work on the FGrHist nevertheless when he died in 1959 only two and a half of the projected five parts were complete After his death his papers went to Herbert Bloch Bloch however was understandably reluctant to shelve his work on the medieval monastery of Montecassino which had by this time become his major field of research to finish off the FGrHist The continuation of Jacobyrsquos great project had to wait until the 1990s when an international team of scholars began to publish additional volumes16
The tradition of source criticism (Quellenforschung) was the main driv-ing force behind scholarship on Diodorosrsquo Bibliotheke for the century from the 1850s to the 1950s The motivation for this enterprise was twofold First since Diodoros was by his own profession an encyclopedic his-torian who drew material from many predecessors it was important to determine which earlier writers he had used as sources for different sections of his narrative this would help readers to decide how much trust should be placed in that narrative Second given that the amount of Greek historiography lost so far exceeded what has been preserved identifying Diodorosrsquo sources might make it possible to reconstruct some of those lost works whose survival everyone would much have preferred had the choice been possible to that of the Bibliotheke The second of these objectives at least namely the recovery of as much as possible of the lost historiographic
15enspJacoby 1923-30 and 1940-5816enspSee Marincola 2000 summarising the progress made in the 1990s lsquoFornararsquos first
volume contained the commentary on Hellanicusrsquo Aigyptiaka (608a) and Aristagoras (608) More recently three volumes of Part IVA Biography have appeared IVA1 The Pre-Hellenistic Period edd J Bollanseacutee G Schepens J Engels and E Theys (1998) IVA3 Hermippos of Smyrna ed Jan Bollanseacutee (1999) IVA7 Imperial and Undated Authors ed J Radicke (also 1999)rsquo See also Marincola 2005 and Worthington 2005 outlining the plans for Brillrsquos New Jacoby to be published online as each section is completed See also the details provided by the publisher (httpreferenceworksbrillonlinecomclusterJacoby Online) on the latest developments in completing Jacobyrsquos project
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
574 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
576 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
BIBLIOGRAPHy 577
Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
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thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
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Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
Intellectuals and Roman Power in the Time of Trajan (98-117 AD) Symbolae Facultatis Litterarum Lovaniensis A 29 Leuven
Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
kus WiesbadenStrootman R 2014 Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires The Near East
After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
BIBLIOGRAPHy 583
Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
584 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
hung der griechischen Ringkomposition AmsterdamVannicelli P 1987 ldquoLrsquoeconomia delle Storie di Eforordquo RivFil 115165-91 Vanotti G 1990 ldquoI discorsi siracusani di Diodoro Siculordquo RendIstLomb 1243-
19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
ander Classics and Contemporary Thought 8 Berkeley CAVasunia P 2015 ldquoBarbarism and Civilization Political Writing History and
Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
ies in Greek Historiography from the 4th to the 2nd centuries BC Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven 24-26 May 1988 Studia Hellenistica 30 Leuven
Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
BIBLIOGRAPHy 585
Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
ture 3 OxfordWalbank FW 1967 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 2 Commentary
on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
586 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
BIBLIOGRAPHy 587
Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
588 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
taBle of contents Vii
diodoros and Myth as history 389 abram ring
EThNogrAPhy lANguAgEs AND liTErAcy
ethno-geography as a Key to interpreting historical leaders and their expansionist policies in diodoros 407 serena biancHetti
diodoros the Bilingual provincial greek language and Multilin-gualism in bibliotheke XVii 429 dylan JaMes
inscriptions and Writing in diodorosrsquo bibliotheke 447 peter liddel
rhEToric AND sPEEchEs
diodoros the speeches and the reader 473 dennis PauscH
the road not taken diodorosrsquo reasons for including the speech of theodoros 491 christopher baron
miliTAry hisTory
fate and Valour in three Battle descriptions of diodoros 507 Joseph roisMan
the Moral dimension of Military history in diodoros of sicily 519 nadejda WilliaMs
BiBliogrAphy 541
index locorum 589
generAl index 605
New aNd Old apprOaches tO diOdOrOs caN they Be recONciled
Catherine Rubincam
Abstract This paper briefly reviews the past century of Diodorean scholarship noting the changes in attitude and methodology that have taken place gradually over the past 50 years which have led to more attention being focused on the Bibliotheke Historike for itself rather than primarily as a source from which to extract fragments of its lost sources Three case studies are then discussed as examples of the benefits that can result from the attempt to reconcile old and new approaches to Diodoros It is argued that moving beyond the traditional antagonism to a more integrated methodology would enable us all to benefit from the rich diversity of scholarship currently in progress on this much criti-cised historian whose work will surely remain a crucial literary source for so many periods of Graeco-Roman history
enspensp
Poor Diodoros He never aimed or claimed to be a Thucydides or a Polybios he was not and he knew he was not a primary historian com-posing the first narrative account of events of his own lifetime using contemporary sources His declared purpose was rather to write a sum-mary digest of all the history worth knowing mentioning memorable
enspThanks are due first to the Triumvirate of Lisa Hau Alexander Meeus and Brian Sheridan for organising the conference at which the papers here collected for publication were originally presented and for inviting me to give one of the keynote addresses and second to all the participants in the conference for making so rewarding these unusual three days of concentrated conversation about Diodorean studies The conference and this volume should be sufficient proof that the field is very much alive and capable of generat-ing significant new insights into the Bibliotheke Historike and the vast period of ancient history contained within it Much of the research on which my paper is based was sup-ported by a series of Standard Research Grants from the Social Sciences amp Humanities Research Council of Canada spanning the period 1999-2012 Finally my husband Irvin Rubincam continues to be a source of wonderful support and encouragement always ready to ask useful questions to talk through problems and to critique drafts of what I have written
14 C RuBInCAM
achievements by individuals states and empires from mythical times to his own lifetime1 He believed passionately in the value of history for moral education and intended his work to make conveniently accessible as many examples as possible of morally edifying conduct2 The principal value of his Bibliotheke was to be first its encyclopedic content which would dispense readers from laboriously perusing the lengthier and more original histories from which he drew his material and second the annal-istic organisation of its narrative at least from the eighth century BC based on the best chronographic table he could find3 Thus his work was sim-ilar in purpose to a modern encyclopedic summary of world history such as Will Durantrsquos The Story of Civilization4 or a textbook for a first-year world-history survey course We do not know who were the Bibliothekersquos initial readers but in spite of the dearth of references to it by those lsquocul-tivated pagansrsquo on whose silence Eduard Schwartz laid such emphasis5 the survival of 15 out of its original 40 books surely indicates that the work did excite significant interest There is therefore no reason to treat Diodorosrsquo complaint against the production of pirated copies of his work with scornful disbelief6
1enspDiodorosrsquo statement of purpose I 35-82enspDiodorosrsquo general didactic conception of history I 11-3 his concern for the moral
dimension of history I 22 his justification for including mythology in his work so as to maximise the number of good moral exempla IV 13-4
3enspDiodorosrsquo claim for the distinctive value of his own work I 31-84enspDurant (1935-75) surveys the major developments in Western Civilisation from
Ancient Greece to the death of napoleon5enspSchwartz 1903 664 lsquonur ein guumlnstiger Zufall kann einem solchen Buch zur Fort-
dauer verhelfen Kein gebildeter Heide citiert D[iodor] jemals Plinius erwaumlhnt nur den Titel erst die Christen waren anspruchslos genug ihn heranzuziehen die euhemeristische Mythographie that das ihrige dazu So sind ein oder meherer Exemplare des Werkes oder einzelner Teile aus dem Altertum in die byzantinische Welt gelangtrsquo (lsquoOnly a fortunate chance can help the survival of such a book no cultivated pagan ever cites Diodoros Pliny mentions only the title the Christians were the first to be unsophisticated enough to be attracted to it mdash euhemeristic mythography contributed significantly to this Thus one or more copies of the work or of some parts of it passed from antiquity into the Byzantine worldrsquo)
6enspDS I 52 mentions the authorrsquos concern to deter booksellers from issuing premature and unauthorised copies of his work 408 preserves a fragmentary statement that the author wishes to disown some pirated copies put out for sale before final revision Stylianou (1998 139) suggests that Diodoros made these statements lsquoto obviate the charge of carelessness and incompetence once the Bibliotheke was completedrsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 15
unfortunately for Diodoros the chance that preserved completely three-eighths of his voluminous work while consigning to destruction the complete texts of so many of the works he used (eg the histories of Ephoros Douris Kleitarkhos Hieronymos) has caused scholars who would much prefer to be able to read those earlier works to criticise him by inappropriate standards These accidents of survival also almost inevi-tably determined that those same scholars would be interested in the Bibliotheke primarily as a means of reconstructing portions of those much desiderated lost histories
I defended my dissertation on Diodoros in 1969 mdash a different era in Diodorean scholarship The twelfth and final volume of the Loeb Clas-sical Library translation of the Bibliotheke launched by CH Oldfather in 19337 came out in 1967 That edition made the whole text of Dio-dorosrsquo world history accessible for the first time in a modern English translation mdash an achievement much in accord with the aims of the series in which it was published8 Its publication spanned a period of 34 years and had to be completed by a series of other scholars9 when Oldfather himself died before he could finish it (He might have echoed Diodorosrsquo plea for the sympathy and tolerance of his readers given the long time and enormous labour required for its composition)10 Oldfatherrsquos Loeb was the first of several translations of the whole Bibliotheke into various European languages to appear in the 20th and early 21st centuries11 It is surely a significant though little noticed fact that so many teams of scholars should have taken up in the past half-century the challenge of
7enspOldfather was responsible for the first half (vols 1-6) of the LCL Diodoros Vol 6 was published in 1954 the year of his death (see the biographical information from the university of nebraska Lincoln httpunlhistoryunleduexhibitsshowoldfatherlife- of-oldfather)
8enspThe interest of James Loeb who founded and endowed the series of Loeb Classical Library translations in lsquomak[ing] the work of classical authors accessible to as many readers as possiblersquo is highlighted in the account of its founding on the website of Harvard uni-versity Press
9enspThe remaining six volumes were produced by four other scholars CL Sherman (vol 7) CB Welles (vol 8) RM Geer (vols 9-10) FR Walton (vol 11) Geer and Walton collaborated on vol 12
10enspDS I 52 is his plea for a sympathetic appreciation of the difficulty involved in his undertaking he mentions the labour and time it required (eg) at 36 and 41
11ensp20th-century translations of the whole Bibliotheke are discussed in more detail in Rubincam 2009
16 C RuBInCAM
producing translations of Diodorosrsquo whole huge work The change in scholarly attitudes to Diodoros in the 19th century caused by the develop-ment of source criticism had led inevitably to a fragmentation of Diodo-rean scholarship mdash a situation in which no scholar dared to claim expert knowledge of more than one section of the work (sections being defined in terms of their respective source traditions) This made it impossible for any individual to attempt the task last undertaken by the great 18th-century Dutch scholar Peter Wesseling of producing a comprehensive commentary on the Bibliotheke12 It had less effect however on the pro-duction of translations These being directed at a larger and less schol-arly readership did not require such formidably comprehensive explan-atory matter Translators therefore might reasonably avoid the charge of hubris likely to be incurred by would-be successors to Wesseling none-theless the enormous size of the Bibliotheke far exceeding the surviving text of every other ancient Greek historical work still posed a special challenge Oldfather himself took 20 years (1933-54) to complete the translation of books I-XIV of the Bibliotheke Several other comprehensive translations of the Bibliotheke begun in the 20th century remain short of completion in varying degrees13 Such is the difficulty of carrying to completion the production of even a translation with minimal explan-atory notes of so long and complex a work Only in the past couple of years has an Italian team begun the process of producing the first full commentary on the Bibliotheke since Wesseling an enterprise that will require many more years to complete14
The secondary supervisor of my dissertation was Herbert Bloch one of the younger members of that cohort of brilliant European Jewish scholars whose flight from nazism so greatly enriched academia in Brit-ain and north America Among the many fields of expertise he brought with him to his new home at Harvard was source criticism (Quellenfor-schung or Quellenkritik) as applied to Greek historiography That area of scholarship had been a major strength in German universities since the mid-nineteenth century and provided the foundation for Felix Jacobyrsquos
12enspWesseling 174613enspThe most significant are the Budeacute French translation (Chamoux et al 1972- the
only one based on a new edition of the text) Vehrsquos German translation (Veh et al 1992-2009) and two different Italian translations For details see Rubincam 2009
14enspAmbaglio et al 2008 and Rubincam 2009
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 17
magisterial work Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist)15 Jacobyrsquos purpose was to recover and reconstitute as much as possible of the hundreds of Greek historical works whose texts had failed to survive the centuries of transmission by manuscript copying so as to provide a basis from which to reconstruct the development of Greek historiography Publication of this massive and encyclopedic work began in 1923 Jacoby like Bloch left Germany as a result of the nazi persecution of the Jews and found a home-in-exile in Oxford where he continued to work on the FGrHist nevertheless when he died in 1959 only two and a half of the projected five parts were complete After his death his papers went to Herbert Bloch Bloch however was understandably reluctant to shelve his work on the medieval monastery of Montecassino which had by this time become his major field of research to finish off the FGrHist The continuation of Jacobyrsquos great project had to wait until the 1990s when an international team of scholars began to publish additional volumes16
The tradition of source criticism (Quellenforschung) was the main driv-ing force behind scholarship on Diodorosrsquo Bibliotheke for the century from the 1850s to the 1950s The motivation for this enterprise was twofold First since Diodoros was by his own profession an encyclopedic his-torian who drew material from many predecessors it was important to determine which earlier writers he had used as sources for different sections of his narrative this would help readers to decide how much trust should be placed in that narrative Second given that the amount of Greek historiography lost so far exceeded what has been preserved identifying Diodorosrsquo sources might make it possible to reconstruct some of those lost works whose survival everyone would much have preferred had the choice been possible to that of the Bibliotheke The second of these objectives at least namely the recovery of as much as possible of the lost historiographic
15enspJacoby 1923-30 and 1940-5816enspSee Marincola 2000 summarising the progress made in the 1990s lsquoFornararsquos first
volume contained the commentary on Hellanicusrsquo Aigyptiaka (608a) and Aristagoras (608) More recently three volumes of Part IVA Biography have appeared IVA1 The Pre-Hellenistic Period edd J Bollanseacutee G Schepens J Engels and E Theys (1998) IVA3 Hermippos of Smyrna ed Jan Bollanseacutee (1999) IVA7 Imperial and Undated Authors ed J Radicke (also 1999)rsquo See also Marincola 2005 and Worthington 2005 outlining the plans for Brillrsquos New Jacoby to be published online as each section is completed See also the details provided by the publisher (httpreferenceworksbrillonlinecomclusterJacoby Online) on the latest developments in completing Jacobyrsquos project
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
574 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
576 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
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Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
fin and Barnes 97-119Seel O 1955 Die praefatio des Pompeius Trogus Erlanger Forschungen A Geis-
teswissenschaften 3 ErlangenSeibert J 1983 Das Zeitalter der Diadochen Ertraumlge der Forschung 185 Darm-
stadtSekunda N 2011 ldquoLaosthenidas (462)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
582 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
Intellectuals and Roman Power in the Time of Trajan (98-117 AD) Symbolae Facultatis Litterarum Lovaniensis A 29 Leuven
Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
kus WiesbadenStrootman R 2014 Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires The Near East
After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
BIBLIOGRAPHy 583
Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
584 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
hung der griechischen Ringkomposition AmsterdamVannicelli P 1987 ldquoLrsquoeconomia delle Storie di Eforordquo RivFil 115165-91 Vanotti G 1990 ldquoI discorsi siracusani di Diodoro Siculordquo RendIstLomb 1243-
19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
ander Classics and Contemporary Thought 8 Berkeley CAVasunia P 2015 ldquoBarbarism and Civilization Political Writing History and
Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
ies in Greek Historiography from the 4th to the 2nd centuries BC Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven 24-26 May 1988 Studia Hellenistica 30 Leuven
Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
BIBLIOGRAPHy 585
Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
ture 3 OxfordWalbank FW 1967 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 2 Commentary
on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
586 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
BIBLIOGRAPHy 587
Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
588 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
New aNd Old apprOaches tO diOdOrOs caN they Be recONciled
Catherine Rubincam
Abstract This paper briefly reviews the past century of Diodorean scholarship noting the changes in attitude and methodology that have taken place gradually over the past 50 years which have led to more attention being focused on the Bibliotheke Historike for itself rather than primarily as a source from which to extract fragments of its lost sources Three case studies are then discussed as examples of the benefits that can result from the attempt to reconcile old and new approaches to Diodoros It is argued that moving beyond the traditional antagonism to a more integrated methodology would enable us all to benefit from the rich diversity of scholarship currently in progress on this much criti-cised historian whose work will surely remain a crucial literary source for so many periods of Graeco-Roman history
enspensp
Poor Diodoros He never aimed or claimed to be a Thucydides or a Polybios he was not and he knew he was not a primary historian com-posing the first narrative account of events of his own lifetime using contemporary sources His declared purpose was rather to write a sum-mary digest of all the history worth knowing mentioning memorable
enspThanks are due first to the Triumvirate of Lisa Hau Alexander Meeus and Brian Sheridan for organising the conference at which the papers here collected for publication were originally presented and for inviting me to give one of the keynote addresses and second to all the participants in the conference for making so rewarding these unusual three days of concentrated conversation about Diodorean studies The conference and this volume should be sufficient proof that the field is very much alive and capable of generat-ing significant new insights into the Bibliotheke Historike and the vast period of ancient history contained within it Much of the research on which my paper is based was sup-ported by a series of Standard Research Grants from the Social Sciences amp Humanities Research Council of Canada spanning the period 1999-2012 Finally my husband Irvin Rubincam continues to be a source of wonderful support and encouragement always ready to ask useful questions to talk through problems and to critique drafts of what I have written
14 C RuBInCAM
achievements by individuals states and empires from mythical times to his own lifetime1 He believed passionately in the value of history for moral education and intended his work to make conveniently accessible as many examples as possible of morally edifying conduct2 The principal value of his Bibliotheke was to be first its encyclopedic content which would dispense readers from laboriously perusing the lengthier and more original histories from which he drew his material and second the annal-istic organisation of its narrative at least from the eighth century BC based on the best chronographic table he could find3 Thus his work was sim-ilar in purpose to a modern encyclopedic summary of world history such as Will Durantrsquos The Story of Civilization4 or a textbook for a first-year world-history survey course We do not know who were the Bibliothekersquos initial readers but in spite of the dearth of references to it by those lsquocul-tivated pagansrsquo on whose silence Eduard Schwartz laid such emphasis5 the survival of 15 out of its original 40 books surely indicates that the work did excite significant interest There is therefore no reason to treat Diodorosrsquo complaint against the production of pirated copies of his work with scornful disbelief6
1enspDiodorosrsquo statement of purpose I 35-82enspDiodorosrsquo general didactic conception of history I 11-3 his concern for the moral
dimension of history I 22 his justification for including mythology in his work so as to maximise the number of good moral exempla IV 13-4
3enspDiodorosrsquo claim for the distinctive value of his own work I 31-84enspDurant (1935-75) surveys the major developments in Western Civilisation from
Ancient Greece to the death of napoleon5enspSchwartz 1903 664 lsquonur ein guumlnstiger Zufall kann einem solchen Buch zur Fort-
dauer verhelfen Kein gebildeter Heide citiert D[iodor] jemals Plinius erwaumlhnt nur den Titel erst die Christen waren anspruchslos genug ihn heranzuziehen die euhemeristische Mythographie that das ihrige dazu So sind ein oder meherer Exemplare des Werkes oder einzelner Teile aus dem Altertum in die byzantinische Welt gelangtrsquo (lsquoOnly a fortunate chance can help the survival of such a book no cultivated pagan ever cites Diodoros Pliny mentions only the title the Christians were the first to be unsophisticated enough to be attracted to it mdash euhemeristic mythography contributed significantly to this Thus one or more copies of the work or of some parts of it passed from antiquity into the Byzantine worldrsquo)
6enspDS I 52 mentions the authorrsquos concern to deter booksellers from issuing premature and unauthorised copies of his work 408 preserves a fragmentary statement that the author wishes to disown some pirated copies put out for sale before final revision Stylianou (1998 139) suggests that Diodoros made these statements lsquoto obviate the charge of carelessness and incompetence once the Bibliotheke was completedrsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 15
unfortunately for Diodoros the chance that preserved completely three-eighths of his voluminous work while consigning to destruction the complete texts of so many of the works he used (eg the histories of Ephoros Douris Kleitarkhos Hieronymos) has caused scholars who would much prefer to be able to read those earlier works to criticise him by inappropriate standards These accidents of survival also almost inevi-tably determined that those same scholars would be interested in the Bibliotheke primarily as a means of reconstructing portions of those much desiderated lost histories
I defended my dissertation on Diodoros in 1969 mdash a different era in Diodorean scholarship The twelfth and final volume of the Loeb Clas-sical Library translation of the Bibliotheke launched by CH Oldfather in 19337 came out in 1967 That edition made the whole text of Dio-dorosrsquo world history accessible for the first time in a modern English translation mdash an achievement much in accord with the aims of the series in which it was published8 Its publication spanned a period of 34 years and had to be completed by a series of other scholars9 when Oldfather himself died before he could finish it (He might have echoed Diodorosrsquo plea for the sympathy and tolerance of his readers given the long time and enormous labour required for its composition)10 Oldfatherrsquos Loeb was the first of several translations of the whole Bibliotheke into various European languages to appear in the 20th and early 21st centuries11 It is surely a significant though little noticed fact that so many teams of scholars should have taken up in the past half-century the challenge of
7enspOldfather was responsible for the first half (vols 1-6) of the LCL Diodoros Vol 6 was published in 1954 the year of his death (see the biographical information from the university of nebraska Lincoln httpunlhistoryunleduexhibitsshowoldfatherlife- of-oldfather)
8enspThe interest of James Loeb who founded and endowed the series of Loeb Classical Library translations in lsquomak[ing] the work of classical authors accessible to as many readers as possiblersquo is highlighted in the account of its founding on the website of Harvard uni-versity Press
9enspThe remaining six volumes were produced by four other scholars CL Sherman (vol 7) CB Welles (vol 8) RM Geer (vols 9-10) FR Walton (vol 11) Geer and Walton collaborated on vol 12
10enspDS I 52 is his plea for a sympathetic appreciation of the difficulty involved in his undertaking he mentions the labour and time it required (eg) at 36 and 41
11ensp20th-century translations of the whole Bibliotheke are discussed in more detail in Rubincam 2009
16 C RuBInCAM
producing translations of Diodorosrsquo whole huge work The change in scholarly attitudes to Diodoros in the 19th century caused by the develop-ment of source criticism had led inevitably to a fragmentation of Diodo-rean scholarship mdash a situation in which no scholar dared to claim expert knowledge of more than one section of the work (sections being defined in terms of their respective source traditions) This made it impossible for any individual to attempt the task last undertaken by the great 18th-century Dutch scholar Peter Wesseling of producing a comprehensive commentary on the Bibliotheke12 It had less effect however on the pro-duction of translations These being directed at a larger and less schol-arly readership did not require such formidably comprehensive explan-atory matter Translators therefore might reasonably avoid the charge of hubris likely to be incurred by would-be successors to Wesseling none-theless the enormous size of the Bibliotheke far exceeding the surviving text of every other ancient Greek historical work still posed a special challenge Oldfather himself took 20 years (1933-54) to complete the translation of books I-XIV of the Bibliotheke Several other comprehensive translations of the Bibliotheke begun in the 20th century remain short of completion in varying degrees13 Such is the difficulty of carrying to completion the production of even a translation with minimal explan-atory notes of so long and complex a work Only in the past couple of years has an Italian team begun the process of producing the first full commentary on the Bibliotheke since Wesseling an enterprise that will require many more years to complete14
The secondary supervisor of my dissertation was Herbert Bloch one of the younger members of that cohort of brilliant European Jewish scholars whose flight from nazism so greatly enriched academia in Brit-ain and north America Among the many fields of expertise he brought with him to his new home at Harvard was source criticism (Quellenfor-schung or Quellenkritik) as applied to Greek historiography That area of scholarship had been a major strength in German universities since the mid-nineteenth century and provided the foundation for Felix Jacobyrsquos
12enspWesseling 174613enspThe most significant are the Budeacute French translation (Chamoux et al 1972- the
only one based on a new edition of the text) Vehrsquos German translation (Veh et al 1992-2009) and two different Italian translations For details see Rubincam 2009
14enspAmbaglio et al 2008 and Rubincam 2009
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 17
magisterial work Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist)15 Jacobyrsquos purpose was to recover and reconstitute as much as possible of the hundreds of Greek historical works whose texts had failed to survive the centuries of transmission by manuscript copying so as to provide a basis from which to reconstruct the development of Greek historiography Publication of this massive and encyclopedic work began in 1923 Jacoby like Bloch left Germany as a result of the nazi persecution of the Jews and found a home-in-exile in Oxford where he continued to work on the FGrHist nevertheless when he died in 1959 only two and a half of the projected five parts were complete After his death his papers went to Herbert Bloch Bloch however was understandably reluctant to shelve his work on the medieval monastery of Montecassino which had by this time become his major field of research to finish off the FGrHist The continuation of Jacobyrsquos great project had to wait until the 1990s when an international team of scholars began to publish additional volumes16
The tradition of source criticism (Quellenforschung) was the main driv-ing force behind scholarship on Diodorosrsquo Bibliotheke for the century from the 1850s to the 1950s The motivation for this enterprise was twofold First since Diodoros was by his own profession an encyclopedic his-torian who drew material from many predecessors it was important to determine which earlier writers he had used as sources for different sections of his narrative this would help readers to decide how much trust should be placed in that narrative Second given that the amount of Greek historiography lost so far exceeded what has been preserved identifying Diodorosrsquo sources might make it possible to reconstruct some of those lost works whose survival everyone would much have preferred had the choice been possible to that of the Bibliotheke The second of these objectives at least namely the recovery of as much as possible of the lost historiographic
15enspJacoby 1923-30 and 1940-5816enspSee Marincola 2000 summarising the progress made in the 1990s lsquoFornararsquos first
volume contained the commentary on Hellanicusrsquo Aigyptiaka (608a) and Aristagoras (608) More recently three volumes of Part IVA Biography have appeared IVA1 The Pre-Hellenistic Period edd J Bollanseacutee G Schepens J Engels and E Theys (1998) IVA3 Hermippos of Smyrna ed Jan Bollanseacutee (1999) IVA7 Imperial and Undated Authors ed J Radicke (also 1999)rsquo See also Marincola 2005 and Worthington 2005 outlining the plans for Brillrsquos New Jacoby to be published online as each section is completed See also the details provided by the publisher (httpreferenceworksbrillonlinecomclusterJacoby Online) on the latest developments in completing Jacobyrsquos project
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
574 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
576 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
BIBLIOGRAPHy 577
Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
fin and Barnes 97-119Seel O 1955 Die praefatio des Pompeius Trogus Erlanger Forschungen A Geis-
teswissenschaften 3 ErlangenSeibert J 1983 Das Zeitalter der Diadochen Ertraumlge der Forschung 185 Darm-
stadtSekunda N 2011 ldquoLaosthenidas (462)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
582 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
Intellectuals and Roman Power in the Time of Trajan (98-117 AD) Symbolae Facultatis Litterarum Lovaniensis A 29 Leuven
Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
kus WiesbadenStrootman R 2014 Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires The Near East
After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
BIBLIOGRAPHy 583
Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
584 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
hung der griechischen Ringkomposition AmsterdamVannicelli P 1987 ldquoLrsquoeconomia delle Storie di Eforordquo RivFil 115165-91 Vanotti G 1990 ldquoI discorsi siracusani di Diodoro Siculordquo RendIstLomb 1243-
19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
ander Classics and Contemporary Thought 8 Berkeley CAVasunia P 2015 ldquoBarbarism and Civilization Political Writing History and
Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
ies in Greek Historiography from the 4th to the 2nd centuries BC Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven 24-26 May 1988 Studia Hellenistica 30 Leuven
Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
BIBLIOGRAPHy 585
Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
ture 3 OxfordWalbank FW 1967 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 2 Commentary
on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
586 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
BIBLIOGRAPHy 587
Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
588 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
14 C RuBInCAM
achievements by individuals states and empires from mythical times to his own lifetime1 He believed passionately in the value of history for moral education and intended his work to make conveniently accessible as many examples as possible of morally edifying conduct2 The principal value of his Bibliotheke was to be first its encyclopedic content which would dispense readers from laboriously perusing the lengthier and more original histories from which he drew his material and second the annal-istic organisation of its narrative at least from the eighth century BC based on the best chronographic table he could find3 Thus his work was sim-ilar in purpose to a modern encyclopedic summary of world history such as Will Durantrsquos The Story of Civilization4 or a textbook for a first-year world-history survey course We do not know who were the Bibliothekersquos initial readers but in spite of the dearth of references to it by those lsquocul-tivated pagansrsquo on whose silence Eduard Schwartz laid such emphasis5 the survival of 15 out of its original 40 books surely indicates that the work did excite significant interest There is therefore no reason to treat Diodorosrsquo complaint against the production of pirated copies of his work with scornful disbelief6
1enspDiodorosrsquo statement of purpose I 35-82enspDiodorosrsquo general didactic conception of history I 11-3 his concern for the moral
dimension of history I 22 his justification for including mythology in his work so as to maximise the number of good moral exempla IV 13-4
3enspDiodorosrsquo claim for the distinctive value of his own work I 31-84enspDurant (1935-75) surveys the major developments in Western Civilisation from
Ancient Greece to the death of napoleon5enspSchwartz 1903 664 lsquonur ein guumlnstiger Zufall kann einem solchen Buch zur Fort-
dauer verhelfen Kein gebildeter Heide citiert D[iodor] jemals Plinius erwaumlhnt nur den Titel erst die Christen waren anspruchslos genug ihn heranzuziehen die euhemeristische Mythographie that das ihrige dazu So sind ein oder meherer Exemplare des Werkes oder einzelner Teile aus dem Altertum in die byzantinische Welt gelangtrsquo (lsquoOnly a fortunate chance can help the survival of such a book no cultivated pagan ever cites Diodoros Pliny mentions only the title the Christians were the first to be unsophisticated enough to be attracted to it mdash euhemeristic mythography contributed significantly to this Thus one or more copies of the work or of some parts of it passed from antiquity into the Byzantine worldrsquo)
6enspDS I 52 mentions the authorrsquos concern to deter booksellers from issuing premature and unauthorised copies of his work 408 preserves a fragmentary statement that the author wishes to disown some pirated copies put out for sale before final revision Stylianou (1998 139) suggests that Diodoros made these statements lsquoto obviate the charge of carelessness and incompetence once the Bibliotheke was completedrsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 15
unfortunately for Diodoros the chance that preserved completely three-eighths of his voluminous work while consigning to destruction the complete texts of so many of the works he used (eg the histories of Ephoros Douris Kleitarkhos Hieronymos) has caused scholars who would much prefer to be able to read those earlier works to criticise him by inappropriate standards These accidents of survival also almost inevi-tably determined that those same scholars would be interested in the Bibliotheke primarily as a means of reconstructing portions of those much desiderated lost histories
I defended my dissertation on Diodoros in 1969 mdash a different era in Diodorean scholarship The twelfth and final volume of the Loeb Clas-sical Library translation of the Bibliotheke launched by CH Oldfather in 19337 came out in 1967 That edition made the whole text of Dio-dorosrsquo world history accessible for the first time in a modern English translation mdash an achievement much in accord with the aims of the series in which it was published8 Its publication spanned a period of 34 years and had to be completed by a series of other scholars9 when Oldfather himself died before he could finish it (He might have echoed Diodorosrsquo plea for the sympathy and tolerance of his readers given the long time and enormous labour required for its composition)10 Oldfatherrsquos Loeb was the first of several translations of the whole Bibliotheke into various European languages to appear in the 20th and early 21st centuries11 It is surely a significant though little noticed fact that so many teams of scholars should have taken up in the past half-century the challenge of
7enspOldfather was responsible for the first half (vols 1-6) of the LCL Diodoros Vol 6 was published in 1954 the year of his death (see the biographical information from the university of nebraska Lincoln httpunlhistoryunleduexhibitsshowoldfatherlife- of-oldfather)
8enspThe interest of James Loeb who founded and endowed the series of Loeb Classical Library translations in lsquomak[ing] the work of classical authors accessible to as many readers as possiblersquo is highlighted in the account of its founding on the website of Harvard uni-versity Press
9enspThe remaining six volumes were produced by four other scholars CL Sherman (vol 7) CB Welles (vol 8) RM Geer (vols 9-10) FR Walton (vol 11) Geer and Walton collaborated on vol 12
10enspDS I 52 is his plea for a sympathetic appreciation of the difficulty involved in his undertaking he mentions the labour and time it required (eg) at 36 and 41
11ensp20th-century translations of the whole Bibliotheke are discussed in more detail in Rubincam 2009
16 C RuBInCAM
producing translations of Diodorosrsquo whole huge work The change in scholarly attitudes to Diodoros in the 19th century caused by the develop-ment of source criticism had led inevitably to a fragmentation of Diodo-rean scholarship mdash a situation in which no scholar dared to claim expert knowledge of more than one section of the work (sections being defined in terms of their respective source traditions) This made it impossible for any individual to attempt the task last undertaken by the great 18th-century Dutch scholar Peter Wesseling of producing a comprehensive commentary on the Bibliotheke12 It had less effect however on the pro-duction of translations These being directed at a larger and less schol-arly readership did not require such formidably comprehensive explan-atory matter Translators therefore might reasonably avoid the charge of hubris likely to be incurred by would-be successors to Wesseling none-theless the enormous size of the Bibliotheke far exceeding the surviving text of every other ancient Greek historical work still posed a special challenge Oldfather himself took 20 years (1933-54) to complete the translation of books I-XIV of the Bibliotheke Several other comprehensive translations of the Bibliotheke begun in the 20th century remain short of completion in varying degrees13 Such is the difficulty of carrying to completion the production of even a translation with minimal explan-atory notes of so long and complex a work Only in the past couple of years has an Italian team begun the process of producing the first full commentary on the Bibliotheke since Wesseling an enterprise that will require many more years to complete14
The secondary supervisor of my dissertation was Herbert Bloch one of the younger members of that cohort of brilliant European Jewish scholars whose flight from nazism so greatly enriched academia in Brit-ain and north America Among the many fields of expertise he brought with him to his new home at Harvard was source criticism (Quellenfor-schung or Quellenkritik) as applied to Greek historiography That area of scholarship had been a major strength in German universities since the mid-nineteenth century and provided the foundation for Felix Jacobyrsquos
12enspWesseling 174613enspThe most significant are the Budeacute French translation (Chamoux et al 1972- the
only one based on a new edition of the text) Vehrsquos German translation (Veh et al 1992-2009) and two different Italian translations For details see Rubincam 2009
14enspAmbaglio et al 2008 and Rubincam 2009
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 17
magisterial work Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist)15 Jacobyrsquos purpose was to recover and reconstitute as much as possible of the hundreds of Greek historical works whose texts had failed to survive the centuries of transmission by manuscript copying so as to provide a basis from which to reconstruct the development of Greek historiography Publication of this massive and encyclopedic work began in 1923 Jacoby like Bloch left Germany as a result of the nazi persecution of the Jews and found a home-in-exile in Oxford where he continued to work on the FGrHist nevertheless when he died in 1959 only two and a half of the projected five parts were complete After his death his papers went to Herbert Bloch Bloch however was understandably reluctant to shelve his work on the medieval monastery of Montecassino which had by this time become his major field of research to finish off the FGrHist The continuation of Jacobyrsquos great project had to wait until the 1990s when an international team of scholars began to publish additional volumes16
The tradition of source criticism (Quellenforschung) was the main driv-ing force behind scholarship on Diodorosrsquo Bibliotheke for the century from the 1850s to the 1950s The motivation for this enterprise was twofold First since Diodoros was by his own profession an encyclopedic his-torian who drew material from many predecessors it was important to determine which earlier writers he had used as sources for different sections of his narrative this would help readers to decide how much trust should be placed in that narrative Second given that the amount of Greek historiography lost so far exceeded what has been preserved identifying Diodorosrsquo sources might make it possible to reconstruct some of those lost works whose survival everyone would much have preferred had the choice been possible to that of the Bibliotheke The second of these objectives at least namely the recovery of as much as possible of the lost historiographic
15enspJacoby 1923-30 and 1940-5816enspSee Marincola 2000 summarising the progress made in the 1990s lsquoFornararsquos first
volume contained the commentary on Hellanicusrsquo Aigyptiaka (608a) and Aristagoras (608) More recently three volumes of Part IVA Biography have appeared IVA1 The Pre-Hellenistic Period edd J Bollanseacutee G Schepens J Engels and E Theys (1998) IVA3 Hermippos of Smyrna ed Jan Bollanseacutee (1999) IVA7 Imperial and Undated Authors ed J Radicke (also 1999)rsquo See also Marincola 2005 and Worthington 2005 outlining the plans for Brillrsquos New Jacoby to be published online as each section is completed See also the details provided by the publisher (httpreferenceworksbrillonlinecomclusterJacoby Online) on the latest developments in completing Jacobyrsquos project
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
574 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
576 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
BIBLIOGRAPHy 577
Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
fin and Barnes 97-119Seel O 1955 Die praefatio des Pompeius Trogus Erlanger Forschungen A Geis-
teswissenschaften 3 ErlangenSeibert J 1983 Das Zeitalter der Diadochen Ertraumlge der Forschung 185 Darm-
stadtSekunda N 2011 ldquoLaosthenidas (462)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
582 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
Intellectuals and Roman Power in the Time of Trajan (98-117 AD) Symbolae Facultatis Litterarum Lovaniensis A 29 Leuven
Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
kus WiesbadenStrootman R 2014 Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires The Near East
After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
BIBLIOGRAPHy 583
Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
584 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
hung der griechischen Ringkomposition AmsterdamVannicelli P 1987 ldquoLrsquoeconomia delle Storie di Eforordquo RivFil 115165-91 Vanotti G 1990 ldquoI discorsi siracusani di Diodoro Siculordquo RendIstLomb 1243-
19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
ander Classics and Contemporary Thought 8 Berkeley CAVasunia P 2015 ldquoBarbarism and Civilization Political Writing History and
Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
ies in Greek Historiography from the 4th to the 2nd centuries BC Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven 24-26 May 1988 Studia Hellenistica 30 Leuven
Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
BIBLIOGRAPHy 585
Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
ture 3 OxfordWalbank FW 1967 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 2 Commentary
on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
586 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
BIBLIOGRAPHy 587
Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
588 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 15
unfortunately for Diodoros the chance that preserved completely three-eighths of his voluminous work while consigning to destruction the complete texts of so many of the works he used (eg the histories of Ephoros Douris Kleitarkhos Hieronymos) has caused scholars who would much prefer to be able to read those earlier works to criticise him by inappropriate standards These accidents of survival also almost inevi-tably determined that those same scholars would be interested in the Bibliotheke primarily as a means of reconstructing portions of those much desiderated lost histories
I defended my dissertation on Diodoros in 1969 mdash a different era in Diodorean scholarship The twelfth and final volume of the Loeb Clas-sical Library translation of the Bibliotheke launched by CH Oldfather in 19337 came out in 1967 That edition made the whole text of Dio-dorosrsquo world history accessible for the first time in a modern English translation mdash an achievement much in accord with the aims of the series in which it was published8 Its publication spanned a period of 34 years and had to be completed by a series of other scholars9 when Oldfather himself died before he could finish it (He might have echoed Diodorosrsquo plea for the sympathy and tolerance of his readers given the long time and enormous labour required for its composition)10 Oldfatherrsquos Loeb was the first of several translations of the whole Bibliotheke into various European languages to appear in the 20th and early 21st centuries11 It is surely a significant though little noticed fact that so many teams of scholars should have taken up in the past half-century the challenge of
7enspOldfather was responsible for the first half (vols 1-6) of the LCL Diodoros Vol 6 was published in 1954 the year of his death (see the biographical information from the university of nebraska Lincoln httpunlhistoryunleduexhibitsshowoldfatherlife- of-oldfather)
8enspThe interest of James Loeb who founded and endowed the series of Loeb Classical Library translations in lsquomak[ing] the work of classical authors accessible to as many readers as possiblersquo is highlighted in the account of its founding on the website of Harvard uni-versity Press
9enspThe remaining six volumes were produced by four other scholars CL Sherman (vol 7) CB Welles (vol 8) RM Geer (vols 9-10) FR Walton (vol 11) Geer and Walton collaborated on vol 12
10enspDS I 52 is his plea for a sympathetic appreciation of the difficulty involved in his undertaking he mentions the labour and time it required (eg) at 36 and 41
11ensp20th-century translations of the whole Bibliotheke are discussed in more detail in Rubincam 2009
16 C RuBInCAM
producing translations of Diodorosrsquo whole huge work The change in scholarly attitudes to Diodoros in the 19th century caused by the develop-ment of source criticism had led inevitably to a fragmentation of Diodo-rean scholarship mdash a situation in which no scholar dared to claim expert knowledge of more than one section of the work (sections being defined in terms of their respective source traditions) This made it impossible for any individual to attempt the task last undertaken by the great 18th-century Dutch scholar Peter Wesseling of producing a comprehensive commentary on the Bibliotheke12 It had less effect however on the pro-duction of translations These being directed at a larger and less schol-arly readership did not require such formidably comprehensive explan-atory matter Translators therefore might reasonably avoid the charge of hubris likely to be incurred by would-be successors to Wesseling none-theless the enormous size of the Bibliotheke far exceeding the surviving text of every other ancient Greek historical work still posed a special challenge Oldfather himself took 20 years (1933-54) to complete the translation of books I-XIV of the Bibliotheke Several other comprehensive translations of the Bibliotheke begun in the 20th century remain short of completion in varying degrees13 Such is the difficulty of carrying to completion the production of even a translation with minimal explan-atory notes of so long and complex a work Only in the past couple of years has an Italian team begun the process of producing the first full commentary on the Bibliotheke since Wesseling an enterprise that will require many more years to complete14
The secondary supervisor of my dissertation was Herbert Bloch one of the younger members of that cohort of brilliant European Jewish scholars whose flight from nazism so greatly enriched academia in Brit-ain and north America Among the many fields of expertise he brought with him to his new home at Harvard was source criticism (Quellenfor-schung or Quellenkritik) as applied to Greek historiography That area of scholarship had been a major strength in German universities since the mid-nineteenth century and provided the foundation for Felix Jacobyrsquos
12enspWesseling 174613enspThe most significant are the Budeacute French translation (Chamoux et al 1972- the
only one based on a new edition of the text) Vehrsquos German translation (Veh et al 1992-2009) and two different Italian translations For details see Rubincam 2009
14enspAmbaglio et al 2008 and Rubincam 2009
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 17
magisterial work Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist)15 Jacobyrsquos purpose was to recover and reconstitute as much as possible of the hundreds of Greek historical works whose texts had failed to survive the centuries of transmission by manuscript copying so as to provide a basis from which to reconstruct the development of Greek historiography Publication of this massive and encyclopedic work began in 1923 Jacoby like Bloch left Germany as a result of the nazi persecution of the Jews and found a home-in-exile in Oxford where he continued to work on the FGrHist nevertheless when he died in 1959 only two and a half of the projected five parts were complete After his death his papers went to Herbert Bloch Bloch however was understandably reluctant to shelve his work on the medieval monastery of Montecassino which had by this time become his major field of research to finish off the FGrHist The continuation of Jacobyrsquos great project had to wait until the 1990s when an international team of scholars began to publish additional volumes16
The tradition of source criticism (Quellenforschung) was the main driv-ing force behind scholarship on Diodorosrsquo Bibliotheke for the century from the 1850s to the 1950s The motivation for this enterprise was twofold First since Diodoros was by his own profession an encyclopedic his-torian who drew material from many predecessors it was important to determine which earlier writers he had used as sources for different sections of his narrative this would help readers to decide how much trust should be placed in that narrative Second given that the amount of Greek historiography lost so far exceeded what has been preserved identifying Diodorosrsquo sources might make it possible to reconstruct some of those lost works whose survival everyone would much have preferred had the choice been possible to that of the Bibliotheke The second of these objectives at least namely the recovery of as much as possible of the lost historiographic
15enspJacoby 1923-30 and 1940-5816enspSee Marincola 2000 summarising the progress made in the 1990s lsquoFornararsquos first
volume contained the commentary on Hellanicusrsquo Aigyptiaka (608a) and Aristagoras (608) More recently three volumes of Part IVA Biography have appeared IVA1 The Pre-Hellenistic Period edd J Bollanseacutee G Schepens J Engels and E Theys (1998) IVA3 Hermippos of Smyrna ed Jan Bollanseacutee (1999) IVA7 Imperial and Undated Authors ed J Radicke (also 1999)rsquo See also Marincola 2005 and Worthington 2005 outlining the plans for Brillrsquos New Jacoby to be published online as each section is completed See also the details provided by the publisher (httpreferenceworksbrillonlinecomclusterJacoby Online) on the latest developments in completing Jacobyrsquos project
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
574 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
576 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
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Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
fin and Barnes 97-119Seel O 1955 Die praefatio des Pompeius Trogus Erlanger Forschungen A Geis-
teswissenschaften 3 ErlangenSeibert J 1983 Das Zeitalter der Diadochen Ertraumlge der Forschung 185 Darm-
stadtSekunda N 2011 ldquoLaosthenidas (462)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
582 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
Intellectuals and Roman Power in the Time of Trajan (98-117 AD) Symbolae Facultatis Litterarum Lovaniensis A 29 Leuven
Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
kus WiesbadenStrootman R 2014 Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires The Near East
After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
BIBLIOGRAPHy 583
Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
584 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
hung der griechischen Ringkomposition AmsterdamVannicelli P 1987 ldquoLrsquoeconomia delle Storie di Eforordquo RivFil 115165-91 Vanotti G 1990 ldquoI discorsi siracusani di Diodoro Siculordquo RendIstLomb 1243-
19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
ander Classics and Contemporary Thought 8 Berkeley CAVasunia P 2015 ldquoBarbarism and Civilization Political Writing History and
Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
ies in Greek Historiography from the 4th to the 2nd centuries BC Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven 24-26 May 1988 Studia Hellenistica 30 Leuven
Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
BIBLIOGRAPHy 585
Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
ture 3 OxfordWalbank FW 1967 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 2 Commentary
on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
586 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
BIBLIOGRAPHy 587
Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
588 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
16 C RuBInCAM
producing translations of Diodorosrsquo whole huge work The change in scholarly attitudes to Diodoros in the 19th century caused by the develop-ment of source criticism had led inevitably to a fragmentation of Diodo-rean scholarship mdash a situation in which no scholar dared to claim expert knowledge of more than one section of the work (sections being defined in terms of their respective source traditions) This made it impossible for any individual to attempt the task last undertaken by the great 18th-century Dutch scholar Peter Wesseling of producing a comprehensive commentary on the Bibliotheke12 It had less effect however on the pro-duction of translations These being directed at a larger and less schol-arly readership did not require such formidably comprehensive explan-atory matter Translators therefore might reasonably avoid the charge of hubris likely to be incurred by would-be successors to Wesseling none-theless the enormous size of the Bibliotheke far exceeding the surviving text of every other ancient Greek historical work still posed a special challenge Oldfather himself took 20 years (1933-54) to complete the translation of books I-XIV of the Bibliotheke Several other comprehensive translations of the Bibliotheke begun in the 20th century remain short of completion in varying degrees13 Such is the difficulty of carrying to completion the production of even a translation with minimal explan-atory notes of so long and complex a work Only in the past couple of years has an Italian team begun the process of producing the first full commentary on the Bibliotheke since Wesseling an enterprise that will require many more years to complete14
The secondary supervisor of my dissertation was Herbert Bloch one of the younger members of that cohort of brilliant European Jewish scholars whose flight from nazism so greatly enriched academia in Brit-ain and north America Among the many fields of expertise he brought with him to his new home at Harvard was source criticism (Quellenfor-schung or Quellenkritik) as applied to Greek historiography That area of scholarship had been a major strength in German universities since the mid-nineteenth century and provided the foundation for Felix Jacobyrsquos
12enspWesseling 174613enspThe most significant are the Budeacute French translation (Chamoux et al 1972- the
only one based on a new edition of the text) Vehrsquos German translation (Veh et al 1992-2009) and two different Italian translations For details see Rubincam 2009
14enspAmbaglio et al 2008 and Rubincam 2009
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 17
magisterial work Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist)15 Jacobyrsquos purpose was to recover and reconstitute as much as possible of the hundreds of Greek historical works whose texts had failed to survive the centuries of transmission by manuscript copying so as to provide a basis from which to reconstruct the development of Greek historiography Publication of this massive and encyclopedic work began in 1923 Jacoby like Bloch left Germany as a result of the nazi persecution of the Jews and found a home-in-exile in Oxford where he continued to work on the FGrHist nevertheless when he died in 1959 only two and a half of the projected five parts were complete After his death his papers went to Herbert Bloch Bloch however was understandably reluctant to shelve his work on the medieval monastery of Montecassino which had by this time become his major field of research to finish off the FGrHist The continuation of Jacobyrsquos great project had to wait until the 1990s when an international team of scholars began to publish additional volumes16
The tradition of source criticism (Quellenforschung) was the main driv-ing force behind scholarship on Diodorosrsquo Bibliotheke for the century from the 1850s to the 1950s The motivation for this enterprise was twofold First since Diodoros was by his own profession an encyclopedic his-torian who drew material from many predecessors it was important to determine which earlier writers he had used as sources for different sections of his narrative this would help readers to decide how much trust should be placed in that narrative Second given that the amount of Greek historiography lost so far exceeded what has been preserved identifying Diodorosrsquo sources might make it possible to reconstruct some of those lost works whose survival everyone would much have preferred had the choice been possible to that of the Bibliotheke The second of these objectives at least namely the recovery of as much as possible of the lost historiographic
15enspJacoby 1923-30 and 1940-5816enspSee Marincola 2000 summarising the progress made in the 1990s lsquoFornararsquos first
volume contained the commentary on Hellanicusrsquo Aigyptiaka (608a) and Aristagoras (608) More recently three volumes of Part IVA Biography have appeared IVA1 The Pre-Hellenistic Period edd J Bollanseacutee G Schepens J Engels and E Theys (1998) IVA3 Hermippos of Smyrna ed Jan Bollanseacutee (1999) IVA7 Imperial and Undated Authors ed J Radicke (also 1999)rsquo See also Marincola 2005 and Worthington 2005 outlining the plans for Brillrsquos New Jacoby to be published online as each section is completed See also the details provided by the publisher (httpreferenceworksbrillonlinecomclusterJacoby Online) on the latest developments in completing Jacobyrsquos project
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
574 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
576 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
BIBLIOGRAPHy 577
Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
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thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
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Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
Intellectuals and Roman Power in the Time of Trajan (98-117 AD) Symbolae Facultatis Litterarum Lovaniensis A 29 Leuven
Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
kus WiesbadenStrootman R 2014 Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires The Near East
After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
BIBLIOGRAPHy 583
Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
584 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
hung der griechischen Ringkomposition AmsterdamVannicelli P 1987 ldquoLrsquoeconomia delle Storie di Eforordquo RivFil 115165-91 Vanotti G 1990 ldquoI discorsi siracusani di Diodoro Siculordquo RendIstLomb 1243-
19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
ander Classics and Contemporary Thought 8 Berkeley CAVasunia P 2015 ldquoBarbarism and Civilization Political Writing History and
Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
ies in Greek Historiography from the 4th to the 2nd centuries BC Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven 24-26 May 1988 Studia Hellenistica 30 Leuven
Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
BIBLIOGRAPHy 585
Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
ture 3 OxfordWalbank FW 1967 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 2 Commentary
on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
586 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
BIBLIOGRAPHy 587
Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
588 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 17
magisterial work Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist)15 Jacobyrsquos purpose was to recover and reconstitute as much as possible of the hundreds of Greek historical works whose texts had failed to survive the centuries of transmission by manuscript copying so as to provide a basis from which to reconstruct the development of Greek historiography Publication of this massive and encyclopedic work began in 1923 Jacoby like Bloch left Germany as a result of the nazi persecution of the Jews and found a home-in-exile in Oxford where he continued to work on the FGrHist nevertheless when he died in 1959 only two and a half of the projected five parts were complete After his death his papers went to Herbert Bloch Bloch however was understandably reluctant to shelve his work on the medieval monastery of Montecassino which had by this time become his major field of research to finish off the FGrHist The continuation of Jacobyrsquos great project had to wait until the 1990s when an international team of scholars began to publish additional volumes16
The tradition of source criticism (Quellenforschung) was the main driv-ing force behind scholarship on Diodorosrsquo Bibliotheke for the century from the 1850s to the 1950s The motivation for this enterprise was twofold First since Diodoros was by his own profession an encyclopedic his-torian who drew material from many predecessors it was important to determine which earlier writers he had used as sources for different sections of his narrative this would help readers to decide how much trust should be placed in that narrative Second given that the amount of Greek historiography lost so far exceeded what has been preserved identifying Diodorosrsquo sources might make it possible to reconstruct some of those lost works whose survival everyone would much have preferred had the choice been possible to that of the Bibliotheke The second of these objectives at least namely the recovery of as much as possible of the lost historiographic
15enspJacoby 1923-30 and 1940-5816enspSee Marincola 2000 summarising the progress made in the 1990s lsquoFornararsquos first
volume contained the commentary on Hellanicusrsquo Aigyptiaka (608a) and Aristagoras (608) More recently three volumes of Part IVA Biography have appeared IVA1 The Pre-Hellenistic Period edd J Bollanseacutee G Schepens J Engels and E Theys (1998) IVA3 Hermippos of Smyrna ed Jan Bollanseacutee (1999) IVA7 Imperial and Undated Authors ed J Radicke (also 1999)rsquo See also Marincola 2005 and Worthington 2005 outlining the plans for Brillrsquos New Jacoby to be published online as each section is completed See also the details provided by the publisher (httpreferenceworksbrillonlinecomclusterJacoby Online) on the latest developments in completing Jacobyrsquos project
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
574 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
576 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
BIBLIOGRAPHy 577
Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
fin and Barnes 97-119Seel O 1955 Die praefatio des Pompeius Trogus Erlanger Forschungen A Geis-
teswissenschaften 3 ErlangenSeibert J 1983 Das Zeitalter der Diadochen Ertraumlge der Forschung 185 Darm-
stadtSekunda N 2011 ldquoLaosthenidas (462)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
582 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
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Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
kus WiesbadenStrootman R 2014 Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires The Near East
After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
BIBLIOGRAPHy 583
Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
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Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
hung der griechischen Ringkomposition AmsterdamVannicelli P 1987 ldquoLrsquoeconomia delle Storie di Eforordquo RivFil 115165-91 Vanotti G 1990 ldquoI discorsi siracusani di Diodoro Siculordquo RendIstLomb 1243-
19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
ander Classics and Contemporary Thought 8 Berkeley CAVasunia P 2015 ldquoBarbarism and Civilization Political Writing History and
Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
ies in Greek Historiography from the 4th to the 2nd centuries BC Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven 24-26 May 1988 Studia Hellenistica 30 Leuven
Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
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Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
ture 3 OxfordWalbank FW 1967 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 2 Commentary
on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
586 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
BIBLIOGRAPHy 587
Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
588 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
18 C RuBInCAM
works used by Diodoros made it almost a necessity to assume that Dio-dorosrsquo own contribution to the narrative of the Bibliotheke was minimal Only by making that assumption could one treat portions of Diodorosrsquo work as essentially excerpts from whatever earlier historical work was hypothesised to have been his source at a particular point This assump-tion found frequent expression in the writings of scholars engaged in Diodorean source criticism It was most authoritatively stated by Eduard Schwartz the premier Quellenforscher of the generation before Felix Jacoby in his 1903 article on Diodoros in Pauly-Wissowa According to Schwartz17
[Diodorosrsquo] Bibliotheke is and in fact claims to be nothing but a series of excerpts which are designed to dispense the reader from the time-consuming and expensive necessity of reading the major works of history Only the style is to a certain extent made uniform and that not com-pletely if one looks beyond the actual words to consider the thoughts being expressed The book is just a booksellerrsquos speculation without any claim to originality and its value consists in the fact that its authorrsquos own contribution must be judged to be so small no compiler of pre-Byzantine times gives such a comparatively true picture for the most part of his predecessors as Diodoros
By the 1950s the identifications proposed by the early generations of Diodorean Quellenforscher of the basic source traditions underlying cer-tain parts of the Bibliotheke had won wide acceptance It was becoming clear however that there were ongoing difficulties in other parts (often those such as book XVI where one source gave out and another had to be found) and the task of reconstructing in detail how Diodoros worked was proving more complex than many had hoped so that rival solutions continued to be championed
Two books published in the 1950s marked the beginning of a new approach to the Bibliotheke Palmrsquos 1955 study focused on the writing style of the Bibliotheke the one element of the work that even Schwartz had
17enspSchwartz 1903 669 lsquo[Diodors] Bibliothek ist und will thatsaumlchlich nichts anderes sein als eine Serie von Excerpten die dem Leser die zeitraubende und kostpielige lectuumlre der grossen Werke ersparen sollen nur der Stil ist einigermaszligen auf das gleiche niveau gebracht doch auch das nicht vollstaumlndig sobald man nicht Worte sucht sondern auf die Gedanken achtet Das Buch ist eben eine buchhaumlndlerische Speculation ohne jeden besonderen Anspruch und sein Wert beruht darin dass die eigene Arbeit des Verfassers so gering bewertet sien muss kein Compilator der vorbyzantinischen Zeit giebt ein ver-haumlltnismaumlssig so treues Bild von seinen Vorlagen wie D[iodor]rsquo
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 19
admitted originated for the most part with Diodoros rather than one of his sources By this choice of subject Palm effectively disavowed any intention to challenge the results of traditional Diodorean source criti-cism although his detailed comments contain occasional expressions of scepticism The difficulty of Palmrsquos undertaking requires some imagina-tion for us fortunate denizens of the internet age as we are to appreciate it He had no concordance to the Bibliotheke mdash concordances having been produced only for historians of smaller bulk and higher reputation such as Herodotos Thucydides and Polybios18 mdash and no easy way of establishing the norms of Diodorosrsquo prose usage nevertheless his careful comparison of the text of the Bibliotheke with the exiguous fragmentary remains of its presumed sources did succeed in delineating the major char-acteristics of Diodorosrsquo writing style He was able to show how in spite of some echoes of phraseology from his sources it had a unified recognis-able individuality sharing many features with other Hellenistic prose texts The second seminal work Spoerrirsquos 1959 monograph was more daring in its challenge to traditional scholarship it claimed to distinguish Hel-lenistic elements not just in the style but in the ideas permeating one section of the Bibliotheke Spoerri argued that this clearly called into ques-tion the traditional assumption of the Quellenforscher that Diodoros could be treated as a faithful copyist of his sources whose own contributions to his narrative were limited to abbreviating and confusing the material he reproduced
Such were the first stirrings of the winds of change in Diodorean scholarship In the subsequent half-century those forces of change have gathered significant momentum as the papers presented at this confer-ence amply attest Battles are still being fought however between the proponents of the two different approaches As often happens in such a situation when a challenge has been mounted to a long entrenched orthodoxy both sides go to extremes in criticising their opponentsrsquo posi-tions19 These extreme sentiments make clear the difficulty many scholars
18enspConcordancesLexica to the major Greek historians published before the computer age Beacutetant 1843 Powell 1960 Thieme 1801-04
19enspThe reviews of Sacksrsquo 1990 monograph by Stylianou (1991) and Fornara (1992) are good examples of the defensively hostile attitude taken by some scholars committed to the traditional approach to Diodoros Greenrsquos review (1999) of Stylianou 1998 shows a much more balanced attitude on the one hand he expresses admiration for the authorrsquos exceptional learning and appreciation of the lsquowide-ranging and solidly based excellencesrsquo
20 C RuBInCAM
feel in trying to reconcile the results of traditional with newer scholarship Can anything be done to assist this process
Let us look at the difference between the two approaches in some specific cases
1 the ephoros papyrus comparisons between POxy 1610 and diodoros book XiThe major reason why source criticism of the Bibliotheke has absorbed
so much scholarly time and energy and generated so much controversy is of course that the loss of the complete texts of Diodorosrsquo presumed sources makes it impossible to compare Diodoros directly with them If we could do this we would surely be in a much better position to recon-struct how Diodoros used his sources The publication in 1919 by Gren-fell and Hunt of about 60 scraps of papyrus from Oxyrhynkhos which they identified as a section of Ephorosrsquo World History seemed to offer an opportunity for just such a direct comparison between Diodoros and the work that was generally accepted as his major source for fifth- and early fourth-century Greek history20
Grenfell and Hunt made their identification of the author on the basis of the parallels between the more legible sections of the papyrus and the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 which seemed to describe the same events of the late 470s to early 460s BC21 They proceeded to mine the relevant sections of the Bibliotheke for words and phrases that might fit into the lacunae in the papyrus This strategy they justified by reference to the by this time orthodox view of Diodoros as a robotic copyist who reproduced
of his work while criticising his lsquoalmost visceral contemptrsquo for Diodoros and his insuffi-ciently critical reliance on the arguments of traditional source criticism on the other hand he admits that Sacks (1990) made lsquoover-sanguine claims for Drsquos intellect and originality which St[ylianou] in his review had no trouble in dismantlingrsquo
20enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 The identification of Ephoros as the source for this section of Diodorosrsquo Greek history was first proposed by Volquardsen 1868
21enspThese two texts are presented for comparison in the Appendix section I Argu-ments for the identification of Ephoros as the author are presented by Grenfell and Hunt 1919104-8 The identification has been questioned by Africa 1962 Rubincam (1976) sur-veyed the literature (see esp 357 note 2) and concluded that Grenfell and Hunt were probably right to identify the author as Ephoros although some of Africarsquos criticisms of their argumentation were valid
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 21
the narrative of his source of the moment with exceptional fidelity22 However their enthusiasm for this lsquorhapsodicrsquo (in the original sense) procedure apparently blinded them to the circularity of the argument they went on to make that the extent and closeness of the similarities between the two texts confirmed the picture of Diodoros as a lsquoslavish copyistrsquo In fact if one sets aside the compulsion to make the text of the papyrus correspond as closely as possible to that of Diodoros and focuses instead on the quality of the Greek that results from their restoration of the papyrus several serious problems leap to the eye in the syntax and the word usage of Grenfell and Huntrsquos supplements23 This re-examination of the papyrus strongly suggests that the verbatim similarities between the Bibliotheke and its presumed source are fewer and less significant than they had claimed
A second aspect of Grenfell and Huntrsquos discussion of the papyrus text also demands attention They noted that although Diodorosrsquo account of these events is lsquoon the whole hellip distinctly the shorter of the tworsquo there are lsquoa few passages in which he is fuller than [the papyrus]rsquo They remark however that lsquonone of Diodorusrsquo additional sentences or phrases hellip implies any real divergence from [the papyrus] except perhaps in l[ine] 74rsquo24 The possible divergence alluded to here concerns the figure for the Persian losses at the Battle of the Eurymedon The papyrus text as they restored it reads as follows lsquo hellip [Kimon] destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured a hundred of them with the crewsrsquo25 The parallel sentence in Diodoros runs thus lsquo hellip the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crewsrsquo26 Thus Dio-dorosrsquo account qualifies the number of ships captured as lsquomore than 100rsquo whereas the papyrus text gave just the simple number Grenfell and Hunt were clearly worried by this discrepancy Remembering Eduard Schwartzrsquos comment (in his 1903 RE article quoted above) that Diodoros changed only the style but not the facts of the material he drew from his sources27
22enspSee the quotation from Schwartz above note 1723enspThese are set forth in Rubincam 197624enspGrenfell and Hunt 1919 10425enspGrenfell and Huntrsquos translation 1919 12126enspOldfatherrsquos translation 1933-67 vol 4 28327enspSchwartz 1903 quoted above note 17
22 C RuBInCAM
they found it hard to decide whether to count the insertion of the quali-fier lsquomore thanrsquo as a change of fact or of style If it amounted to a matter of fact they argued then perhaps an intermediate source would have to be hypothesised between the papyrus and Diodoros to explain the intro-duction of the offending qualifier This kind of reasoning well exemplifies the very rigid mindset typical of old-style Quellenforschung it was incon-ceivable that Diodoros should have introduced any changes to the facts that he drew from his source of the moment so if the insertion of this qualifying expression before the number of captured ships was deemed such a factual change then the papyrus historian could not be Diodorosrsquo immediate source
How would this case be treated using a new-style approach The ques-tion needs to be rephrased as follows could evidence be found to provide a basis for assuming that Diodoros was in fact capable of attaching this kind of qualifying expression to a numerical datum that he drew from his source Some statistics on the use of different types of qualification with numbers by Herodotos Thucydides Xenophon (HG and An) Polybios and Diodoros seem to me to constitute such evidence28 These were generated by a project that has occupied me for nearly 40 years of creating a method of quantifying the use of numbers by Greek historians Greek and English writers alike use qualifying expressions of various kinds to indicate that the qualified number is something other than the result of a precise and accurate measurement or calculation29 The two most common types of qualification (Q1 and Q2) indicate (respectively) approx-imation (ie that the number is in the neighbourhood of the preciseaccurate number) and comparison (ie that the number is above or below that specified) Examples of approximating (Q1) qualifiers would be in Greek peri malista in English lsquoaboutrsquo lsquoapproximatelyrsquo comparative (Q2) qualifiers would be in Greek pleious ouk elassous in English lsquomore thanrsquo lsquonot less thanrsquo In all the other historical texts I have studied in this way approximating qualifiers (Q1) are more common than comparative qualifiers (Q2) In Diodoros alone this relationship is reversed with Q2 outnumbering Q1 in a ratio of 6634 It is hard to explain this strikingly different pattern except by assuming that Diodoros did sometimes intro-duce comparative qualifiers into his narrative at points where none stood
28enspSee Appendix Id (36)29enspSee Appendix Ic (35-6) for some examples
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 23
in his source If that is so one need postulate no intermediate source between the papyrus and the parallel passage of the Bibliotheke It is only fair to remind ourselves of course that Grenfell and Hunt had no means of generating this kind of quantitative evidence which could not have been reliably compiled before the existence of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae30
Here then we have a case where the older approach to the Biblio-theke concentrated on questions concerning Diodorosrsquo relationship to his sources when Grenfell and Hunt found themselves editing a papyrus text that showed considerable similarities to the text of Diodoros XI 59-62 they were concerned primarily to identify its author which meant check-ing how closely it resembled the parallel section of Diodoros Their focus on the troublesome qualifier led to a proliferation of hypotheses about the relationship between the two texts new-style scholarship by contrast can (i) accept the likely identification of the author of POxy 1610 as Ephoros while at the same time (ii) taking a fresh look at Grenfell and Huntrsquos restorations and admitting that they are not all viable and therefore that the full text of the papyrus probably differed more than they thought from that of Diodoros It can then (iii) use the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae to compile evidence concerning an important aspect of Diodorosrsquo histo-riographic practice throughout the whole Bibliotheke This provides the basis for an argument that obviates the need to postulate an intermediate author between Ephoros and Diodoros
2 cross-references in the BibliothekeA second case that highlights the differences between the old and the
new methodologies applied to the Bibliotheke concerns Diodorosrsquo cross-references The old assumption that Diodoros was essentially a robotic copyist meant that any anomalous elements in the Bibliotheke were explained as having been lsquomindlesslyrsquo copied from his source of the
30enspnote that in the first example given (Appendix Ic) of Q1 (Th I 1182) Crawleyrsquos translation neglects to translate the qualifier This kind of carelessness (either omission or inconsistent translation) regarding qualifying expressions used with numbers is fairly com-mon in all the standard translations I have consulted This is symptomatic of the frequent tendency of readers to process qualifiers without really focusing on them mdash a fact which undoubtedly explains Grenfell and Huntrsquos uncertainty about whether to treat the insertion of a qualifier by Diodoros as a factual or a stylistic change
24 C RuBInCAM
moment When scholars of this mindset encountered a statement making a cross-reference from one part of the work to another that appeared to be unfulfilled (ie failed to match up with an appropriate correlative passage in another section of the Bibliotheke) they immediately assumed that Diodoros had unthinkingly taken over only the cross-reference but not the passage to which it referred If the offending passage in Diodoros happened to contain a book number then this became one more piece of evidence for the reconstruction of the lost source A case in point is Diodoros XX 576 the statement that the foundation of Meskhela in Libya by Greeks on their way home from the Trojan War had been mentioned previously in book III of the Bibliotheke31 Some scholars have suggested that this cross-reference having no fulfilment anywhere in our text of book III was taken over from Philinos of Akragas a pro-Carthaginian historian of the First Punic War whom they believed to be the lost source of Diodoros32 There was no discussion no canvassing of other possible explanations for the anomaly this was obviously another case of lsquoslavish dependencersquo on his sources by Diodoros no one apparently paused to reflect that there were some unfulfilled cross-references in the Bibliotheke (eg the promises to describe some of Julius Caesarrsquos exploits in Gaul in the 50s BC at III 383 V 212 and V 221) that most scholars were per-fectly content to attribute to Diodoros having changed his mind about the terminal date of his history mdash an observation that might surely have led to some hesitation about the automatic invocation of Diodoros the robot
This case also became a possible subject for more nuanced investiga-tion once the tools for systematic examination of a certain type of passage throughout the Bibliotheke became available Thanks to the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae it became possible to identify the various kinds of phra-seology used by Diodoros to make cross-references and to compile a data-base of all the cross-references which could then be systematically studied to identify the parameters of Diodorosrsquo use of this device specificity context phraseology fulfilment etc Once categorised in this way Dio-dorosrsquo practice could be compared to those of some other ancient authors so as to determine how far he conformed to the norms thus established
31enspSee Appendix IIa for the text32enspFor full discussion of the scholarship on this cross-reference see Rubincam 1998a
79
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 25
for the Graeco-Roman world keeping in mind that the papyrus roll is a much more linear mode of production than the codex and one that obvi-ously offered no means of making specific reference to any unit smaller than a book-roll33 The result of this investigation was to establish that among a group of Latin prose writers used as comparators Diodorosrsquo practice most closely resembled that of Plinyrsquos Natural History mdash a simi-larly enormous and encyclopedic work mdash and that his record in terms of fulfilment of cross-references was not nearly as bad as old-style perspec-tives had suggested34 Looking at this aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic strategy from this more holistic perspective had the advantage also of encouraging consideration of a whole range of possible explanations for any perceived anomalies The particular case for example of the unful-filled cross-reference at XX 576 could equally well be explained as due to a confusion of memory by Diodoros over whether this incident was reported in his summary account of Libya in book III or in the lost book VII as part of his post-Trojan War narrative35
More significantly the picture that emerges from this more comprehen-sive study of the cross-references can shed new light on important aspects of the organisation and composition of the Bibliotheke In particular the surprisingly large number of forward cross-references (ie statements that a certain subject will be dealt with in more detail at a specified later point)36 many of which cross the boundary between the initial six non-annalistic books and the integrated annalistic narrative that began in book VII after the end of the Trojan War37 can be recognised as Diodorosrsquo way of defining that historiographic boundary between material that could and could not be included in his general annalistic narrative This heightens
33enspSee Starr 198134enspFull discussion of Diodorosrsquo cross-references can be found in Rubincam 1987 1989
1998a35enspThis suggestion was made though without any explanation for the apparent mis-
take in Diodorosrsquo cross-reference by the Loeb translators of both book VII and book XX Oldfather (ad DS VII 7) and Geer (ad DS XX 576)
36enspOf the 95 cross-references I counted in Diodoros 53 (56) refer forward and 42 (44) backward Among the selection of Roman authors used as comparators forward cross-references appear in only two (Pliny the Elder and Tacitus) and make up at most 13 of the total Detailed discussion of the points mentioned here is found in Rubincam 1987 1989 1998a
37enspSee Appendix IIc for the major organisational divisions in the Bibliotheke
26 C RuBInCAM
onersquos awareness of and respect for the difficulty and complexity of the decisions Diodoros had to make when planning his huge work
The approach described here of reconstructing an aspect of Diodorosrsquo historiographic practice (ie his use of cross-references) from a thorough survey of all the instances of the phenomenon in question is obviously applicable to other passages of certain generic types such as the (osten-sible) contemporary references in the Bibliotheke38
3 duplicate passages or lsquodoubletsrsquo in the BibliothekeA third case that gets very different treatment from old and new meth-
odologies is the occurrence of duplicate passages sometimes called lsquodou-bletsrsquo ie the appearance at two different places in the Bibliotheke of essentially the same set of information concerning a particular subject The most substantial example and also one of the most famous is the pair of descriptions of the Dead Sea at Diodoros II 48 and XIX 96-9939 The first occurrence is found in the first six books of the Bibliotheke the section devoted to lsquoevents and mythsrsquo of various parts of the world that could not be incorporated into the integrated annalistically organised survey of world history that occupied books VII-XL The organisation of this initial section of the work was geographical book II being devoted to lsquoevents that occurred in Asia in ancient timesrsquo ie the early history of the Assyrians Medians Indians Skythians Hyperboreans Arabians and lsquothe island in the southern oceanrsquo allegedly visited by Iamboulos The second and longer version of the Dead Sea description forms a brief geographical excursus in the narrative of Antigonos Monophthalmosrsquo campaign against the nabataians in 312 BC This pattern whereby one of the pair of similar passages is located in the non-annalistic section of the Bibliotheke and the other in the annalistic section is common though not invariable
The standard term applied to such cases by scholars trained in Quellen-forschung is the German Wiederholungen rendered into French as reacutepeacuteti-tions40 Their discussions emphasise the close verbal resemblance between
38enspI hope to be able to publish such a study in the near future39enspThe texts of these two passages are set out side by side in Appendix IIIa together
with three different translations of each (into English French and Latin)40enspSee Krumbholtz 1889 The editors of the Budeacute edition render this as reacutepeacutetitions
(Eckrsquos Budeacute edition of book II (2003 85) translates into French a considerable section of Krumbholtzrsquos article)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 27
the two passages41 which they take to be prima facie evidence that a single source was used for both They proceed to try to identify that source and then to canvass various explanations for the duplication
Statements that in such pairs of passages lsquoseveral sentences are repeated almost word for wordrsquo or that the first passage lsquois reproduced almost word for wordrsquo in the later passage suggest that the passages in question contain a substantial amount of text in exactly the same wording This assumption seems confirmed by the editorsrsquo and translatorsrsquo allusions to the possibility of emending errors in the text of one passage by reference to the other In fact however detailed comparison of some of these pas-sages uncovers some significant differences between them In this case first the Dead Sea description is quite differently framed the informa-tion being introduced in a manner appropriate to each particular context Second several minor differences occur in wording and syntax Third and most significantly some discrepancies appear in specific details involving numeric data mdash precisely the type of information that Dio-doros was supposed to have copied most faithfully from his sources into his own narrative
The numbers in question are the measurements given for the size of the Dead Sea and for the large piece of asphalt said to have been spewed up annually from its waters At II 487 we read
This [lake]42 has a length of close to (hocircs) 500 stades and a width of close to (hocircs) 60rsquo
The parallel passage at XIX 981 reads[This lake] lies in the middle of the satrapy of Idoumaia extending in length approximately somewhat (malista pou) 500 stades and in width about (peri) 60
Scholars whose main concern was to argue that these passages were sufficiently similar to justify the assumption of a common source were naturally content just to emphasise that the numbers given are the same (500 times 60 stades) If one approaches the comparison with a more open
41enspLoeb edition (Oldfather 1933-67) Oldfather vol 2 ad DS II 486 lsquoThe remainder of this chapter appears in the same words in Book 1998rsquo Geer vol 10 ad DS XIX 981 lsquo[t]he rest of this chapter repeats Book II 486-9 almost verballyrsquo Budeacute edition (Chamoux et al 1972-) Eck in vol 2 (2003 184) lsquoLe passage qui deacutebute ici (47 7-9) est reproduit presque mot pour mot au livre XIXrsquo (98 2-4) Biziegravere vol 19 (1975 166-7) lsquoEn 2 48 6-9 la description est quasi identiquersquo
42enspThe full name Asphaltitis limnecirc is found only at XIX 981 at II 486 it is referred to simply as a megalecirc limnecirc
28 C RuBInCAM
mind however one notices first that although the words used are very similar the syntax differs and second more significantly the qualifying expressions attached to the numbers are quite different II 48 has the same single qualifier hocircs with both numbers XIX 98 uses a combination of two qualifiers malista pou for the length and a different single quali-fier peri for the width The fact that no one seems to have commented on this discrepancy probably has much to do with the tendency of trans-lators to be rather careless in their rendering of qualifying expressions attached to numbers which we noted above Thus in this case the Loeb translators (Oldfather in book II Geer in book XIX) use lsquoaboutrsquo to trans-late the qualifiers with all four numbers even though the Greek contains three different expressions The Budeacute translators are hardly more careful lsquoCe lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixantersquo (II 487 Eck) and lsquoil [le lac] a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de largersquo (XIX 981 Biziegravere) In both passages the Budeacute translation leaves it unclear whether the qualifier attached to the first number is intended to carry over to the second neither of the transla-tions of XIX 981 makes any attempt to render the double qualifier malista pou used with the length of the lake43
What of the numbers in the second pair of passages describing the size of the piece of asphalt annually spewed out by the lake Here each passage gives two measurements apparently the maximum and minimum sizes observed The first is identically expressed as regards both number and qualifier in both books lsquomore than a-three-plethron-extentrsquo (meizon ecirc triplethron) The second however shows a discrepancy in both number and qualifier lsquoof-two plethrarsquo (dyoin plethrocircn) unqualified in book II lsquonot much short of a plethronrsquo (ou poly leipomenon plethrou) in book XIX
Obviously the mindset that each reader brings to these texts sig-nificantly influences what she draws from the comparison I have no difficulty accepting the argument that the similarities between the paired passages are sufficient to justify the assumption made by the source crit-ics that Diodoros was drawing on the same source in both places When however they start trying to determine exactly which papyrus roll Dio-doros had in front of him when he wrote the so-called duplicate passage mdash did he pull out of his bookcase the relevant book-roll of the original
43enspA similar issue arises with the translation of an instance of double qualification in Thucydides discussed in Rubincam 2001 81-2
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 29
source or was it rather the book-roll containing the previous passage on the subject that he had written in the Bibliotheke mdash this seems to me a futile and misguided enterprise The way this question gets posed pre-sumes a particular model which I think anachronistic of how Diodoros worked according to this Diodoros sits like a 19th-century philologist at a library table to which he brings whatever books he wants to consult as he needs them and takes great care to copy out the relevant passage exactly This model makes it very difficult to accept and explain discrep-ancies such as the ones just discussed between his two descriptions of the Dead Sea It also ignores the growing body of scholarship that attempts to reconstruct Diodorosrsquo working methods on the basis of the information both explicit and implicit contained in the Bibliotheke supplemented by some analogies with other ancient historians about whom we have fuller information44
How did Diodoros set about the difficult and complex task of pro-ducing his huge survey of world history That it was a difficult and com-plex task should not be doubted although it is easy to find dismissive comments from scholars who refuse to believe his statement that it took him thirty years (DS I 41) apparently because they find the result of his labours so disappointing45 The text of the completely surviving 15 books of the Bibliotheke is more than twice the length of Herodotosrsquo nine books Assuming that the remaining 25 books averaged more or less the same size the full length of the 40 books would have amounted to about six times that of Herodotosrsquo text46 The complexity of Diodorosrsquo task consisted in (i) identifying and then finding copies of all the possible sources he needed for such a comprehensive survey of world history (ii) choosing which ones he would actually use (iii) taking appropriate notes on the contents of his chosen sources (iv) constructing a general outline of the structure and organisation of his own work and (v) making the hundreds of small decisions involved in distributing appropriately into his annalistic narra-tive framework the information found in his sources most of which were
44enspOn the inferences that can be made from information contained in the Bibliotheke about the process of its composition see Zecchini 1978 Sartori 1983 and 1984 Rubincam 1987 (discussed below [31-2]) The analogy of Cassius Dio is discussed below (30)
45enspEg Stylianou 1998 21 lsquoThe Bibliotheke is entirely derivative and Diodorosrsquo methods slipshod so much so that the work could have been dashed off in a very few yearsrsquo
46enspA projection made on the same basis for the total length of Polybiosrsquo work which also ran to 40 books generates about the same number
30 C RuBInCAM
not organised in this way Each of these five major stages in the compo-sitional process was a necessary prerequisite for the one that followed it ie Diodoros could not choose which sources he would actually use without having checked out a probably larger number of possible sources his major decisions about the overall architecture of his 40 book-rolls determined the framework into which the specific information he drew from his many sources had to be fitted And one must always keep in mind that in Diodorosrsquo world the business of locating and getting access to the text of any book was infinitely more challenging than it is for us It is surely extremely unlikely that Diodoros could count on having easy access to all the books he needed in the same place throughout the whole 30 years of his work on the Bibliotheke
Given the lack of specific statements in the Bibliotheke about its com-position it seems legitimate to make use of possible analogies with other writers for whom we have better information Most interesting are Cassius Diorsquos statements about the production of his 80-book Roman History47 a work scarcely less ambitious in scope and equally dependent on a large number of earlier histories He mentions a total of 22 years spent in com-posing this work the first ten devoted to choosing his sources and com-piling rough notes on the material they supplied and the subsequent 12 to the actual composition of his text in appropriate literary form48 There is much to recommend the assumption that Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work was similarly divided into two stages first the compilation of material into some sort of intermediate document (syllegein) and second the actual composition of his literary text (syngraphein)49 One argument
47enspDio LXXII235 συνέλεξα δὲ πάντα τὰ ἀπrsquo ἀρχῆς τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις μέχρι τῆς Σεουήρου μεταλλαγῆς πραχθέντα ἐν ἔτεσι δέκα καὶ συνέγραψα ἐν ἄλλοις δώδεκαmiddot
48enspOn the process of composition of Diorsquos Roman History see Barnes 1984 25149enspStylianou (1998 21) dismissed contemptuously the idea that anyone of Diodorosrsquo
minimal historiographic ability could possibly have needed 30 years to complete the com-position of the Bibliotheke remarking that lsquoA superior writer like Dio Cassius wrote eighty books in twelve years 72235rsquo note 56 (ad loc) admits lsquoThough ten years are also said to have been spent on gathering the necessary materialrsquo and then proceeds to cite the dubious example of nikolaos of Damaskos who lsquomay have taken no more than ten years to write his massive universal history of 144 booksrsquo while noting reluctantly that lsquonicolausrsquo dates are rather uncertainrsquo This blatant manipulation of the evidence concerning Diorsquos com-positional process to support his contention that a work of which he has such a low opinion could not have required more than lsquoa very few yearsrsquo to compose is clearly based on his assumption that the amount of preparatory work Diodoros had to do (ie the first
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 31
in favour of this has been set out above namely the complexity and cumulative nature of the process A second argument derives from the information implicit in various passages of the Bibliotheke about their date of composition
There are sixteen passages that supply explicit or implicit information concerning the date of composition of either the whole work or the par-ticular passage50 From these a set of arguments can be generated to sup-port the following timetable for the production of the Bibliotheke Dio-doros began work about 60 BC intending to bring his comprehensive summary of world history down to some point in his own lifetime After 15 years spent in searching out and compiling information from many sources he was ready to begin the process of literary composition At this point (c 45 BC) influenced no doubt by the rise to supreme power of Julius Caesar whom he clearly admired he fixed on the year of Caesarrsquos triple triumph (465 BC) as an appropriate terminus The first three books were written in that frame of mind After the Ides of March 44 BC Dio-dorosrsquo admiration for Caesar remained undimmed but the political insta-bility of the second period of civil war in which Diodorosrsquo native Sicily suffered severely for choosing the wrong side and the risks involved in writing about recent history during the triumviral period made him lose heart and set back the terminus of his work to 6059 BC
This reconstruction according to which Diodoros did not begin the second literary stage in the composition of the Bibliotheke until c 45 BC has much to recommend it First it provides the best explanation for the inconsistency between Diodorosrsquo stated terminus for the final version of his work (6059 BC [147]) and the figures he gives for the span of time covered by his historical narrative (730 years from Ol 1 and 1138 years from the Trojan War [I 51]) which imply a terminal date of 465 BC needless to say in 6059 BC when he first began work Diodoros could hardly have formulated a plan for a specific terminal date that was still in the future Second the suggested late beginning of the actual literary composition of the Bibliotheke would also account most economically for the fact that six of the eight references to Julius Caesar include some
three stages set out above [29] in the process of composition) was negligible This seems to me to run counter to the evidence (admittedly meagre) of how ancient historians worked see Avenarius 1956 71-104
50enspSee the table in Appendix IIIc = Figure 3 from Rubincam 1987 322-3
32 C RuBInCAM
translation of the title Divus which was given to him posthumously c november 43 BC51 The two exceptions are III 382 and V 221 The absence of the title in the latter passage which follows only a chapter after another passage that does contain it (V 212) hardly requires a special explanation The omission of the title at III 382 can best be accounted for if this passage was written before Caesar became Divus whereas the mentions of Divus Caesar in book IV and subsequent books postdate the granting of this title The variations in Diodorosrsquo translation of the title should arouse no surprise if the Bibliotheke was being composed in the triumviral period before a standard Greek translation of Divus had become accepted52 Third if we leave aside the references to Diodorosrsquo visit to Egypt in 6059 BC all but one of the termini post quos indicated by the completion of the definitely datable contemporary references fall between 45 and 35 BC This would surely suggest that the actual literary composi-tion of the Bibliotheke fell in the second half of Diodorosrsquo 30-year period of work
The implications of this reconstruction of Diodorosrsquo large-scale work strategy for our understanding of the process by which he produced the literary text that we have should be clear If the research and compilation of information was a separate stage considerably removed in time from the actual composition then the old picture of Diodoros sitting in a well-equipped library where he could get up from his table to put away one book-roll and take out another in order to copy out information from the original text of each source in turn must obviously be set aside We should more appropriately imagine him engaging in a process something like that which the Younger Pliny describes as practised by his uncle when he was working on the Natural History mdash an encyclopedic work which incidentally the Bibliotheke resembles in some significant ways53
51enspFull discussion of the titulature in Diodorosrsquo seven references to Julius Caesar is found in Rubincam 1992 94-5 The argument made here was worked out in detail in Rubincam 1987 esp 321-6 and Rubincam 1998b
52enspStrabo for example writing perhaps 30 years later than Diodoros mdash the publication of his Geography is usually dated early in the reign of Tiberius mdash regularly uses the simple Kaisar ho theos (Str VI 42) or ho theos Kaisar (Str IV 11) when he needs to make abso-lutely unambiguous reference to Julius Caesar see Rubincam 1992 n 44
53enspPliny Ep 35 describes the amazing and indefatigable industry that his uncle the author of the Natural History applied to the task of extracting useful information from
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 33
the elder Pliny took notes on the information he found in every book he read which were presumably combined into the kind of intermediate document implied by Diorsquos description of his procedure and worked from this rather than directly from the original sources when actually writing the text of his own book If Diodoros worked in the manner of Pliny and Dio then there would have been a considerable gap in time and place between his original reading of sources and his working up of the material drawn from them If as everything we know about the book culture of his world suggests both the compilation of his notes and the transferal of information from them into his literary text relied much more on memory than on the kind of careful perusal and copying out of exact quotations that we enjoin upon our students that would make it much easier to explain the kinds of errors and confusions so often detected in the Bibliotheke It should be obvious that these more open-ended assumptions about Diodorosrsquo methodology seriously undermine the old-fashioned attempt to carve up the text of the Bibliotheke into a series of more or less verbatim excerpts from its lost sources
enspensp
So much for my three case studies In each case there remain from the century of Quellenforschung some solid nuggets of information about the probable sources of different sections of the Bibliotheke However the continued pursuit of questions focused solely on source criticism leads I would argue to no fruitful result Further progress in the elucidation of what Diodoros intended to accomplish and how he worked depends on the refocusing of our attention on the fifteen surviving books of the Bibliotheke rather than its lost sources This means accepting two hard truths (i) that we may never be able to determine the source of every piece of information in the Bibliotheke and (ii) since the patterns of human
every book he read Pliny the Elder clearly maintained a considerable secretariat of expertly trained readers and secretaries who made it possible for the reading and extraction of infor-mation to continue throughout his waking hours The efficiency and dedication of this operation must have been exceptional but the process of reading and taking notes on onersquos readings whether as an individual or as the leader of a team need not have been so On the significant resemblances between the Bibliotheke and Plinyrsquos Natural History see Rubincam 1997
34 C RuBInCAM
error are exceedingly complex we shall always have to acknowledge that errors in the Bibliotheke might have originated at more than one stage in the long and complex historiographic process that underlies Diodorosrsquo final text
Let me conclude with a wicked thought The compositional proce-dure regularly attributed to Diodoros by the Quellenforscher bears a remarkable resemblance to that which they practise themselves sitting at a desk and looking at the equivalent of one papyrus column of text at a time They rarely raise their eyes or expand their thoughts to encompass the whole of the Bibliotheke and they assume that Diodoros likewise had no thoughts beyond the particular section of text he was composing at any given moment and whatever single small passage he is presumed to have been cribbing from some earlier historianrsquos work This is an entirely unrealistic picture of how an author would have worked in a world that depended on memory for many more purposes than we do and lacked anything of the sense that we try (often unsuccessfully) to instil into our students of the need to keep track obsessively of the sources that they might be paraphrasing or quoting It is in fact a kind of deliberate choice to be near-sighted Since the publication of Iain McDougallrsquos Lexicon to Diodoros (1983) and still more since the enormous expansion of access in the past ten years to the resources of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae there is no excuse for any of us to choose such a limited approach to the Bibliotheke The basic identification of the source traditions represented in many parts of that work (Agatharkhides Ephoros Timaios Kleitark-hos Hieronymos) we can accept with gratitude as the enduring legacy of a century of Quellenforschung but the more holistic research of the past half-century should have made it impossible to continue treating Dio-doros as a transparent intermediary in the attempt to recover the exact text of those numerous lost historians We must engage with the whole Bibliotheke and pay poor Diodoros the respect of treating him as having a mind and an intention in composing his huge work however far short by our standards his professed hopes of supreme chronological accuracy may have fallen
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 35
aPPEnDiX casE stuDiEs
i the ephoros papyrus
(a)enspPapyrus text cf Diodoros
POxy 1610 ll 62-76 ds Xi 606 (tr ch Oldfather)[Κιμων] ναυμαχησας δε πολυν χρονον πολλας μεν των κινδυνευουσων βαρβαρικων νεων διεφθειρεν εκατον δrsquoαυτοις ανδρασιν ειλε
γενομένου δrsquo ἀγῶνος ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τῶν στόλων ἀμφοτέρων λαμπρῶς ἀγωνιζομένων τὸ τελευταῖον ἐνίκων οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ πολλὰς μὲν τῶν ἐναντίων ναῦς διέφθειραν πλείους δὲ τῶν ἑκατὸν σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν εἷλον
[Kimon] having fought a long sea battle destroyed many of the barbariansrsquo ships which ran into danger and captured one hundred of them with the crews
A sharp struggle took place and both fleets fought brilliantly but in the end the Athenians were victorious having destroyed many of the enemy ships and captured more than one hundred together with their crews
(b) Bibliography Grenfell and Hunt 1919 Africa 1962 Rubincam 1976 Volquardsen 1868
(c)ensp Examples of Q1 (approximating) and Q2 (comparative) qualifiers with numbers
(i)enspApproximating Qualifiers (Q1)
th i 1182 crawleyrsquos translationταῦτα δὲ ξύμπαντα ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρός τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον ἐγένετο ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα μάλιστα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Ξέρξου ἀναχωρήσεως καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου
All these actions of the Hellenes against each other and the barbarian occurred in the fifty yearsrsquo interval between the retreat of Xerxes and the beginning of the present war [[No translation of Q]]
th ii 133 crawleyrsquos translationθαρσεῖν τε ἐκέλευε προσιόντων μὲν ἑξακοσίων ταλάντων ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ φόρου κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ξυμμάχων τῇ πόλει ἄνευ τῆς ἄλλης προσόδου
Here they had no reason to despond Apart from other sources of income an average revenue of six hundred talents of silver [per year] was drawn from the tribute of the allies
36 C RuBInCAM
th ii 973 crawleyrsquos translationφόρος τε ἐκ πάσης τῆς βαρβάρου καὶ τῶν Ἑλληνίδων πόλεων ὅσον προσῆξαν ἐπὶ Σεύθου ὃς ὕστερον Σιτάλκου βασιλεύσας πλεῖστον δὴ ἐποίησε τετρακοσίων ταλάντων ἀργυρίου μάλιστα δύναμις ἃ χρυσὸς καὶ ἄργυρος ᾔει
The tribute from all the barbarian districts and the Hellenic cities taking what they brought in under Seuthes the successor of Sitalces who raised it to its greatest height amounted to about four hundred talents in gold and silver
(ii)enspComparative Qualifiers (Q2)
th Vii 275 crawleyrsquos translationτῆς τε γὰρ χώρας ἁπάσης ἐστέρηντο καὶ ἀνδραπόδων πλέον ἢ δύο μυριάδες ηὐτομολήκεσαν καὶ τούτων τὸ πολὺ μέρος χειροτέχναι πρόβατά τε πάντα ἀπωλώλει καὶ ὑποζύγια
They were deprived of their whole country more than twenty thousand slaves had deserted a great part of them artisans and all their sheep and beasts of burden were lost
th Vii 755 crawleyrsquos translationοὐδὲν γὰρ ἄλλο ἢ πόλει ἐκπεπολιορ-κημένῃ ἐῴκεσαν ὑποφευγούσῃ καὶ ταύτῃ οὐ σμικρᾷ μυριάδες γὰρ τοῦ ξύμπαντος ὄχλου οὐκ ἐλάσσους τεσσάρων ἅμα ἐπορεύοντο
Indeed they could only be compared to a starved-out town and that no small one escaping the whole multitude upon the march being not less than forty thousand men
(d)enspStatistics on ratio of Q1Q2 in six Greek historical works
QUaliFi- catiON
herodotos thucydides Xenophon Hellenica
Xenophon Anabasis
polybios diodoros
Q1 84 = 74 103 = 71 99 = 68 76 = 76 177 = 805 240 = 34Q2 29 = 26 42 = 29 47 = 32 24 = 24 43 = 195 466 = 66tOtal 113 145 146 100 220 706
ii cross-references in diodoros
(a)enspAn unfulfilled cross-reference
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτρίτην δrsquo εἷλε [sc Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] Μεσχέλαν μεγίστην οὖσαν ᾠκισμένην δὲ τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ
The third city that he [Arkhagathos general of Agathokles] took was Meschela which was very large and
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 37
ds XX 576 Geerrsquos translationτῶν ἐκ Τροίας ἀνακομιζομένων Ἑλλήνων περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ βίβλῳ προειρήκαμεν hellip
had been founded long ago by the Greeks who were returning from Troy about whom we have already spoken in the third Book
(b) Bibliography Dolce 1960 Lauritano 1957 Manni 1957 Manni 1957-58 Walbank 1968-69
[1970] Rubincam 1987 Rubincam 1989 Rubincam 1998a Starr 1981
(c) Organisation of Bibliotheke Books 1-6 events and legends D S (praxeis kai mythologiai) before Trojan
War of barbarians (1-3) and Greeks (4-6) Books 7-17 world history (koinai praxeis) from Trojan War to death of
Alexander Books 18-40 remaining world history down to beginning of war of Romans
vs Celts
iii lsquodoubletsrsquo in diodoros
(a)enspTexts of DS II 486-7 and XIX 981
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ναβαταίων καὶ πέτρα καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν ὀχυρά μίαν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα διrsquo ἧς κατrsquo ὀλίγους ἀναβαίνοντες ἀποτίθενται τὰς ἀποσκευάς λίμνη τε μεγάλη φέρουσα πολλὴν ἄσφαλτον ἐξ ἧς λαμβάνουσιν οὐκ ὀλίγας προσόδους αὕτη δrsquo ἔχει τὸ μὲν μῆκος σταδίων ὡς πεντακοσίων τὸ δὲ πλάτος ὡς ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ δυσῶδες καὶ διάπικρον ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι μήτrsquo ἰχθῦν τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων εἶναι ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκφυσᾷ ἀσφάλτου μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον
Ὁ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος λαβὼν ὁμήρους καὶ τὰς ὁμολογηθείσας δωρεὰς ἀνέζευξεν ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας διατείνας δὲ σταδίους τριακοσίους κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῆς Ἀσφαλτίτιδος λίμνης ἧς τὴν φύσιν οὐκ ἄξιον παραδραμεῖν ἀνεπισήμαντον κεῖται γὰρ κατὰ μέσην τὴν σατραπείαν τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τῷ μὲν μήκει παρεκτείνουσα σταδίους μάλιστά που πεντακοσίους τῷ δὲ πλάτει περὶ ἑξήκοντα τὸ δrsquo ὕδωρ ἔχει διάπικρον καὶ καθrsquo ὑπερβολὴν δυσῶδες ὥστε μήτrsquo ἰχθὺν δύνασθαι τρέφειν μήτrsquo ἄλλο τῶν καθrsquo ὕδατος εἰωθότων ζῴων lsaquoεἶναιrsaquo ἐμβαλλόντων δrsquo εἰς αὐτὴν ποταμῶν μεγάλων τῇ γλυκύτητι διαφόρων τούτων μὲν
38 C RuBInCAM
ds ii 486-7 ds XiX 981ἔστι δrsquo ὅτε δυοῖν πλέθρων ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δrsquo ἔλαττον μόσχον ἐπονομάζουσιν
περιγίνεται κατὰ τὴν δυσωδίαν ἐξ αὑτῆς δὲ μέσης ἐκφυσᾷ κατrsquo ἐνιαυτὸν ἀσφάλτου στερεᾶς μέγεθος ποτὲ μὲν μεῖζον ἢ τρίπλεθρον ἔστι δrsquo ὅτrsquo οὐ πολὺ λειπόμενον πλέθρου ἐφrsquo ᾧ δὴ συνήθως οἱ περιοικοῦντες βάρβαροι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον καλοῦσι ταῦρον τὸ δὲ ἔλασσον μόσχον
tr Oldfather (lcl) It has a length of about five hundred stades and a width of about sixty hellip and from its centre it spouts forth once a year a great mass of asphalt which sometimes extenD S for more than three plethra and sometimes for only two hellip
tr Geer (lcl) It lies along the middle of the satrapy of Idumaea extending in length about five hundred stades and in width about sixty hellip and from its centre each year it senD S forth a mass of solid asphalt sometimes more than three plethra in area sometimes a little less than one plethrum
tr eck (Budeacute) Ce lac a agrave peu pregraves une longueur de cinq cents stades et une largeur de soixante hellip il fait jaillir de son centre une grande quantiteacute drsquoasphalte qui srsquoeacutetend parfois sur plus de trois plegravethres et quelquefois sur deux
tr Biziegravere (Budeacute) Il srsquoeacutetend au milieu de la satrapie drsquoIdumeacutee et il a une longueur de cinq cents stades environ pour soixante de large hellip en son milieu chaque anneacutee il fait jaillir une masse drsquoasphalte solide dont la surface tantocirct deacutepasse trois plegravethres tantocirct est leacutegegraverement infeacuterieure agrave un plegravethre
tr rhodomann Longitudo eius D stadiorum latitudo LX hellip E medio eius quotannis bitumen ebullit alias duum alias trium amplius magnitudine plethrorum
tr rhodomann Iacet hic in medio Idumaeae praefecturae in longitudinem ad stadia D maxime porrectus in latitudinem vero LX hellip Ex huius medio quotannis soliti bituminis massa interdum tribus plethris (iugeribus) maior quandoque paullo minor plethro exhalat
(b) Bibliography Krumbholtz 1889
(c) List of passages relevant to composition of Bibliotheke (from Rubincam 1987322-3 reproduced by kind permission of the Editor
of Mouseion)
nEW AnD OLD APPROACHES TO DIODOROS 39
BiBliography
Abbreviations follow the list of The American Journal of Archaeology in the first instance abbreviations not included there are those of LrsquoAnneacutee philologique DNP = Der Neue Pauly RAC = Reallexikon fuumlr Antike und Christentum
Aalders GJD 1975 Political Thought in Hellenistic Times AmsterdamAbbamonte G L Miletti and C Buongiovanni 2009 ldquoLe allocuzioni alle truppe
nella storiografia anticardquo In Discorsi alla prova edited by G Abbamonte L Miletti and L Spina 27-86 Napoli
Accame S 1938 ldquoLe fonti di Diodoro per la guerra deceleicardquo RendLinc 14348-451Accame S 1950 ldquoTrasibulo e i nuovi frammenti delle Elleniche di Ossirincordquo
RFIC NS 2830-49Accame S 1958 ldquoDe lrsquohistoire universellerdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 4464-70Achilli I 2012a Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Bibliotheca Storica di Diodoro
Siculo Koinos Logos 5 LancianoAchilli I 2012b ldquoMassimo di Tiro e la fortuna di Diodoro Siculordquo Maia 64471-
92Achilli I 2013 Le ali di Clio Massimo di Tiro e il pensiero storico classico Biblio-
teca di Sileno 5 LuganoAdams JN 2003 ldquolsquoRomanitasrsquo and the Latin Languagerdquo CQ 53184-205Adams JN 2007 The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC-AD 600 Cam-
bridgeAfrica TW 1962 ldquoEphorus and Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo AJP 8386-9Africa TW 1963 ldquoHerodotus and Diodorus on Egyptrdquo JNES 22254-8Africa TW 1975 ldquoArchimedes Through the Looking-Glassrdquo CW 685305-8Aleksi T 2007 Mythistory and Narratives of the Nation in the Balkans New-
castleAlfieri Tonini TG ed 2008 Mythoi siciliani in Diodoro MilanoAlganza Roldaacuten M 1994 ldquoEl encomio de Peloacutepidas en la Biblioteca Histoacutericardquo
In Lens Tuero 1994 187-93Allen B 2005 ldquoAlexander the Great or the Terriblerdquo The Hudson Review 58220-
30Alonso-Nuacutentildeez JM 2002 The Idea of Universal History in Greece from Herodo-
tus to the Age of Augustus AmsterdamAmbaglio D 1990a ldquoFra hypomnemata e storiografiardquo Athenaeum 78503-8Ambaglio D 1990b ldquoGli lsquoHistorika Hypomnematarsquo di Strabone Introduzione
traduzione italiana e commento dei frammentirdquo MemLinc 39377-425Ambaglio D 1995 La Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo problemi e metodo
Biblioteca di Athenaeum 28 Como
542 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Ambaglio D 2002 ldquoDiodoro Siculordquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 301-38 Bologna
Ambaglio D 2003 ldquoHypomnemata in Diodoro Siculordquo In Biraschi Desideri Roda and Zecchini 423-32
Ambaglio D ed 2005a Συγγραφή mdash Atti del Convegno lsquoEpitomati ed epitoma-tori il crocevia di Diodoro Siculorsquo Pavia 21-22 aprile 2004 Como
Ambaglio D 2005b ldquoDiodoro e i tempi della Macedoniardquo In Bearzot and Lan-ducci [Gattinoni] 357-68
Ambaglio D 2008a ldquoIntroduzione alla Biblioteca storica di Diodorordquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 3-102 Milano
Ambaglio D 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca Storica Libro XIII Commento storico Milano
Ambaglio D 2008c ldquoGenti senza nome e pietagrave dello scrittore Diodoro tra Erodoto e C Leacutevi-Straussrdquo In Atti del Convegno internazionale Periferie ed esplorazioni antiche Dal Mediterraneo allrsquoEuropa Diodoro e la tradizione dio-dorea 125-30 Suppl Kokalos 18 Roma
Ambaglio D F Landucci [Gattinoni] and L Bravi 2008 Diodoro Siculo Biblio-teca storica Commento storico introduzione generale Milano
Ameling W 2008 ldquoEthnography and Universal History in Agatharchidesrdquo In East amp West Papers in Ancient History presented to Glen W Bowersock edited by TC Bennan and HI Flower 13-59 Cambridge MA
Anderson AR 1928 ldquoHeracles and his Successors A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Typerdquo HSCP 397-58
Anderson G 1993 The Second Sophistic a Cultural Phenomenon in the Roman Empire London
Anderson JK 1974 ldquoThe Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo CSCA 727-53 Andrewes A 1974 ldquoThe Arginousai Trialrdquo Phoenix 28112-22 Andrewes A 1981 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 5 Book VIII
Oxford Andrewes A 1982 ldquoNotion and Kyzikos the Sources Comparedrdquo JHS 10215-25 Anello P 2005 ldquoBarbaros ed Enchorios in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and Landucci
[Gattinoni] 223-37Anson EM 2004 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Ancient
Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts Studies in Philo of Alex-andria and Mediterranean Antiquity 3 Leiden
Anson EM 2009 ldquoGreek Ethnicity and the Greek Languagerdquo Glotta 855-30 Anson EM 2010 ldquoThe Generalrsquos Pre-Battle Exhortation in Graeco-Roman
Warfarerdquo GaR 57184-98Anson EM 2015 Eumenes of Cardia A Greek among Macedonians Mnemos-
yne Supplement 383 2nd ed LeidenArcidiacono C 2007 ldquoLe citazioni omeriche nellrsquoopera di Ciceronerdquo Sileno 331-
42Arnott WG 1996 Alexis The Fragments A Commentary CambridgeAshton NG 1984 ldquoThe Lamian War mdash stat magni nominis umbrardquo JHS 104152-
7
BIBLIOGRAPHy 543
Asirvatham SR 2010 ldquoPerspectives on the Macedonians from Greece Rome and Beyondrdquo In A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by J Roisman and I Worthington 99-124 Malden MA
Asmis E 1991 ldquoPhilodemusrsquos Poetic Theory and On the Good King According to Homerrdquo ClAnt 101-45
Assis AA 2014 What Is History For Johann Gustav Droysen and the Functions of Historiography Making Sense of History 17 New york
Atkinson JE 1980 A Commentary on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo Historiae Alexandri Magni Vol 1 Books 3 and 4 Amsterdam
Atkinson JE 2000 ldquoOriginality and its Limits in the Alexander Sources of the Early Empirerdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 307-25
Atkinson JE and JC yardley 2009 Curtius Rufus Histories of Alexander the Great Book 10 Oxford
Auberger J 1997 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Diodore de Sicile Mythologie des Grecs Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre IV edited by J Auberger A Bianquis and P Borgeaud 1-12 Paris
Aujac G 2001 Eratosthegravene de Cyregravene le pionnier de la geacuteographie ParisAvenarius G 1956 Lukians Schrift zur Geschichtsschreibung Meisenheim am
GlanAx W 2000 ldquoDikaiarchs Bios Hellados und Varros De Vita Populi Romanirdquo
RhM 143337-69
Bachof E 1884 ldquoTimaios als Quelle Diodors fuumlr die Reden des dreizehnten und vierzehnten Buchesrdquo Jahrbuumlcher fuumlr classische Philologie 30445-78
Badian E 1958 Foreign Clientelae (264-70 BC) OxfordBadian E 1963 ldquoNotes on Roman Senators of the Republicrdquo Historia 12129-43Badian E 1968 Review of Filino-Polibio Sileno-Diodoro by V La Bua RivFil 96203-
11Badian E 1976 ldquoRome Athens and Mithridatesrdquo AJAH 1105-28Badian E 1993 ldquoToward a Chronology of the Pentecontaetia down to the
Renewal of the Peace of Calliasrdquo In id From Plataea to Potidaea Studies in the History and Historiography of the Pentecontaetia 73-108 Baltimore MD
Banchich TM 2007 ldquoThe Epitomizing Tradition in Late Antiquityrdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 1 305-11
Barber GL 1935 The Historian Ephorus Cambridge Reprint edited by MCJ Miller Chicago 1993
Barnes TD 1984 ldquoThe Composition of Cassius Diorsquos Roman Historyrdquo Phoe-nix 38240-55
Baron C 2009 ldquoThe Use and Abuse of Historians Polybiosrsquo Book XII and Our Evidence for Timaiosrdquo AncSoc 391-34
Baron C 2012 Review of Parmeggiani 2011 Gnomon 84492-6 Baron C 2013 Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography CambridgeBarthes R 1986 ldquoThe Discourse of Historyrdquo In The Rustle of Language trans-
lated by R Howard 127-140 Oxford Originally published as ldquoLe discours de lrsquohistoirerdquo Social Science Information 6 (1967) 63-75
544 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Battistoni F 2010 Parenti dei Romani Mito Troiano e diplomazia BariBaumbach M A Petrovic and I Petrovic eds 2010 Archaic and Classical
Greek Epigram CambridgeBaynham EJ 1998 Alexander the Great The Unique History of Quintus Curtius
Ann Arbor MIBaynham EJ 2007 ldquoQuintus Curtius Rufus on the lsquoGood Kingrsquo The Dioxip-
pus Episode in Book 9716-26rdquo In Marincola 2007b vol 2 427-33Bažant J 2000 ldquoThe Amazons of Antiquity and Current Amazonomaniardquo In
Ἀγαθὸς δαίμων Mythes et cultes eacutetudes drsquoiconographie en lrsquohonneur de Lilly Kahil 19-25 BCH Suppl 38 Athegravenes
Beard M 2007 The Roman Triumph Cambridge MABearzot C 1997 ldquoPerdonare il traditore La tematica amnistiale nel dibattito
sul richiamo di Alcibiaderdquo In Vendetta e perdono nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 29-52 CISA 23 Milano
Bearzot C 2002 ldquoFilisto di Siracusardquo In Storici greci drsquoOccidente edited by R Vattuone 91-136 Bologna
Bearzot C 2004 Federalismo e autonomia nelle Elleniche di Senofonte MilanoBearzot C 2005a ldquoDiodoro sulle trattative AteneSparta del 37069 (XV 63
1-2)rdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 115-24Bearzot C 2005b ldquoAminta III di Macedonia in Diodorordquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 17-41Bearzot C 2005c ldquoPolibio e Teopompo osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
moralerdquo In Schepens and Bollanseacutee 55-71Bearzot C 2007 ldquoLa terminologia dellrsquoopposizione politica in Lisia interventi
assembleari (ἐναντιοῦμαι ἀντιλέγω) e trame occulte (ἐπιβουλεύω)rdquo In Vivere da democratici Studi su Lisia e la democrazia ateniese 87-100 Roma Origi-nally published in Lrsquoopposizione nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 121-34 CISA 26 Milano
Bearzot C 2008 ldquoPartiti e ideologie negli stati federali grecirdquo In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 205-37 CISA 6 Milano
Bearzot C 2013 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 176-83
Bearzot C 2015 ldquoDiodoro sul processo delle Arginuserdquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 173-195 Lanciano
Bearzot C and F Landucci eds 2005 Diodoro e lrsquoaltra Grecia Macedonia Occi-dente Ellenismo nella Biblioteca storica Atti del convegno Milano 15-16 gennaio 2004 Milano
Beck I 1971 Die Ringkomposition bei Herodot und ihre Bedeutung fuumlr die Beweis-technik Hildesheim
Bees R 2002 ldquoDer Universalhistoriker als Diener der goumlttlichen Pronoia Zu Diodor I 1 3 mdash Poseidonios Fr 80 Theilerrdquo SCO 48207-32
Beneker J 2012 The Passionate Statesman Eros and Politics in Plutarchrsquos Lives Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 545
Bentley R 1777 A Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris with an answer to the Objections of the Hon Charles Boyle London
Benveniste E 1966 ldquoLes relations de temps dans le verbe franccedilaisrdquo In Problegravemes de Linguistique Geacuteneacuterale Vol 1 Paris 237-50
Berger H 1880 Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes Leipzig Bertelli L 1976 ldquoII modello della societa rurale nellrsquoutopia grecardquo II pensiero
politico Rivista di storia delle idee politiche e sociali 9183-208Bertelli L 1982 ldquoLrsquoutopia grecardquo In Storia delle idee politiche economiche e
sociali Vol 1 edited by L Firpo 463-581 TorinoBertelli L 2006 ldquoLrsquoutopia greca in etagrave ellenistica tra realtagrave e immaginazionerdquo
In Utopia edited by F Lisi and MAacute Ramiro 1-14 Res publica litterarum Documentos de trabajo del grupo de investigacioacuten Nomos Suppl httpportaluc3mesportalpageportalinst_lucio_anneo_senecainvestigaciongrupo_nomosRes20Publica20LitterarumRes_Pub_Lit_Utop_2006
Bertrac P F Chamoux and y Verniegravere 1993 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Introduction geacuteneacuterale et livre I Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Beacutetant E-A 1843 Lexicon Thucydideum 2 vols GenfBethe E 1889 ldquoUntersuchungen zu Diodors Inselbuchrdquo Hermes 24402-46Bettini M 2012 Vertere unrsquoantropologia della traduzione nella cultura antica Torino Bianchetti S 1996 ldquoPlinio e la descrizione dellrsquoOceano settentrionale in Pitea di
Marsigliardquo Orbis Terrarum 273-84Bianchetti S 1998 Pitea di Massalia Lrsquooceano PisaBianchetti S 2005a ldquoIl V libro della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e lrsquolaquoisolarioraquo
dei Grecirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 13-31Bianchetti S 2005b ldquoLa concezione dellrsquoecumene di Alessandro in Diodoro
XVII-XVIIIrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 127-53Bianchetti S 2005c ldquoLa geografia di Pitea e la diorthosis di Polibiordquo In Schepens
and Bollanseacutee 255-70Bianchetti S 2008 ldquoIl mistero del Nilo e lrsquoidea di Africa nel pensiero geogra-
fico anticordquo In Libyae lustrare extrema Realidad y Literatura en la visioacuten grecorromana de Aacutefrica Estudios en honor del Prof Jehan Desanges edited by JM Candau Moroacuten FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and AL Chaacutevez Reino 195-210 Sevilla
Bianchetti S et al eds 2001 Poikilma studi in onore di Michele R Cataudella in occasione del 60deg compleanno 2 vols La Spezia
Bigwood JM 1980 ldquoDiodorus and Ctesiasrdquo Phoenix 34195-207Biraschi AM 2010 ldquoEforo e la storia κατὰ γένοςrdquo PP 6581-97Biraschi AM P Desideri S Roda and G Zecchini eds 2003 Lrsquouso dei docu-
menti nella storiografia antica Incontri Perugini di Storia Della Storiografia 12 Napoli
Birt T 1882 Das antike Buchwesen in seinem Verhaumlltniss zur Literatur BerlinBirt T 1907 Die Buchrolle in der Kunst Archaumlologisch-antiquarische Untersu-
chung zum antiken Buchwesen Leipzig
546 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Bissa E 2010 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Good Statesman and State Revenuerdquo In Liddel and Fear 41-55
Blanck H 1992 Das Buch in der Antike MuumlnchenBlatt F 1958 The Latin Josephus Copenhagen Bleckmann B 1998 Athens Weg in die Niederlage Die letzten Jahre des Pelopon-
nesischen Krieges Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 99 StuttgartBleckmann B 2006 Fiktion als Geschichte Neue Studien zum Autor der Hellenika
Oxyrhynchia und zur Historiographie des vierten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen Philologisch-historische Klasse III 277 Goumlttingen
Bleckmann B 2010 ldquoDiodor Ephoros und die Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo In Horster and Reitz 435-50
Boatwright M 1988 ldquoCaesarrsquos Second Consulship and the Completion and Date of the Bellum Civilerdquo CJ 8431-40
Boissevain U-Ph 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta Excerpta de sententiis Berlin
Bolles W 1845 An Explanatory and Phonographic Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language New London CT
Boumlmer F 1953 ldquoDer Commentariusrdquo Hermes 81210-50Boumlmer F 1990 Untersuchungen uumlber die Religion der Sklaven in Griechenland
und Rom Vol 3 Die wichtigsten Kulte der Griechischen Welt with cooperation of P Herz Stuttgart
Bommelaer B 1989 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique Livre III Col-lection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Bonnechegravere P 1999 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker Indexes of Parts I II and III Indexes of Ancient Authors Leiden
Bonnet M and ER Bennett eds 1997 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque histo-rique Livre XIV Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Borza EN 1996 ldquoGreeks and Macedonians in the Age of Alexander The Source Traditionsrdquo In Transitions to Empire Essays in Greco-Roman History 360-146 BC in Honor of E Badian edited by RW Wallace and EM Har-ris 122-39 Oklahoma Studies in Classical Culture 21 Norman OK
Bosworth AB 1971 ldquoPhilip II and Upper Macedoniardquo CQ 2193-105Bosworth AB 1980 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 1 Commentary on Books I-III OxfordBosworth AB 1988 From Arrian to Alexander Studies in Historical Interpreta-
tion OxfordBosworth AB 1992 ldquoAutonomia the Use and Abuse of Political Terminologyrdquo
StIt 10122-52Bosworth AB 1995 A Historical Commentary on Arrianrsquos History of Alexander
Vol 2 Books IV-V OxfordBosworth AB 1996a Alexander and the East The Tragedy of Triumph OxfordBosworth AB 1996b ldquoThe Historical Setting of Megasthenesrsquo Indikardquo CP 91113-
27Bosworth AB 1997 ldquoIn Search of Cleitarchus Review-discussion of Luisa
Prandi Fortuna egrave realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo Histos 1211-24
BIBLIOGRAPHy 547
Bosworth AB 1999 ldquoAugustus the Res Gestae and Hellenistic Theories of apotheosisrdquo JRS 891-18
Bosworth AB 2000 ldquoIntroductionrdquo In Bosworth and Baynham 1-22 Bosworth AB 2002 The Legacy of Alexander Politics Warfare and Propaganda
under the Successors OxfordBosworth AB 2003a ldquoPlus ccedila changehellip Ancient Historians and their Sourcesrdquo
ClAnt 22167-98Bosworth AB 2003b ldquoWhy did Athens lose the Lamian Warrdquo In The Macedo-
nians in Athens 322-229 BC edited by O Palagia and SV Tracy 14-22 Oxford
Bosworth AB 2006 ldquoEumenes of Cardiardquo Review of Anson 2004 CR 56419-21
Bosworth AB and EJ Baynham eds 2000 Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction Oxford
Botteri P 1983 ldquoArbitraire drsquoun eacutediteur et extraits disparus Photius 244 Dio-dore de Sicilerdquo MEacuteFRA 95665-76
Botteri P 1992 Les fragments de lrsquohistoire des Gracques dans la Bibliothegraveque de Diodore de Sicile Hautes Eacutetudes du Monde Greacuteco-Romain 18 Genegraveve
Braccesi L 1991 Alessandro e la Germania RomaBradley KR 1989 Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World 140 BC-70 BC
LondonBraund D 1994 Georgia in Antiquity A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian
Iberia 550 BC-AD 562 OxfordBraund D and J Wilkins eds 2000 Athenaeus and his World ExeterBraunert H 1965 ldquoDie heilige Insel des Euhemeros in der Diodor-Uumlberlieferungrdquo
RhM 108255-68Bravo B 1993 ldquoRappresentazioni di vicende di Sicilia e di Grecia degli anni
481-480 aC presso storici antichi Studio di racconti e discorsi storiograficirdquo Athenaeum 8139-99 441-82
Breglia L 1996 Studi su Eforo NapoliBriant P 2002 From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire Trans-
lated by PT Daniels Winona Lake INBriant P 2003 Darius dans lrsquoombre drsquoAlexandre ParisBringmann K 1986 ldquoGeschichte und Psychologie bei Poseidoniosrdquo In Aspects de
la Philosophie Helleacutenistique edited by H Flashar and O Gigon 29-59 (discus-sion 60-66) EntrHardt 32 Genegraveve
Briscoe J 2005 ldquoThe Language and Style of Fragmentary Republican Historiansrdquo In Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose edited by T Reinhardt M Lapidge and JN Adams 53-72 Oxford
Brock R 1995 ldquoVersions lsquoInversionsrsquo and Evasions Classical Historiography and the lsquoPublishedrsquo Speechrdquo In Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 8 Roman Comedy Augustan Poetry Historiography edited by R Brock and AJ Woodman 209-24 Leeds
Broumlcker O 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber Diodor GuumlterslohBroumlcker O 1882 Moderne Quellenforscher und antike Geschichtsschreiber Inns-
bruck
548 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Broughton TRS 1952 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 2 New york Ny
Broughton TRS 1986 The Magistrates of the Roman Republic Vol 3 Atlanta GA
Brown TS 1946 ldquoEuhemerus and the Historiansrdquo HTR 39259-74Brown TS 1947 ldquoHieronymus of Cardiardquo AHR 52684-96Bruce IAF 1967 An Historical Commentary on the Hellenika Oxyrhynkhia
Cambridge Bruce IAF 1988 ldquoDiodorus on the Siege of Chalcedonrdquo AHB 254-6Brunt PA 1980 ldquoOn Fragments and Epitomesrdquo CQ 30477-94Brunt PA 1983 Arrian Vol 2 Anabasis of Alexander books V-VII Indica
Loeb Classical Library 269 Cambridge MABucciantini V 2002 ldquoLrsquoisola del Sole nel Periplo di Nearco problemi di iden-
tificazione e rappresentazionerdquo Orbis Terrarum 849-58Buckler J 1985 ldquoEpaminondas and the Embolonrdquo Phoenix 39134-43Buckler J 1989 Philip II and the Sacred War Mnemosyne Suppl 109 LeidenBudelmann F 2002 ldquoClassical Commentary in Byzantium John Tzetzes on
Ancient Greek Literaturerdquo In The Classical Commentary Histories Practices Theory edited by R Gibson and C Kraus 141-69 Leiden
Buumldinger M 1895 Die Universalhistorie im Alterthume WienBuraselis K 2001 ldquoTwo Notes on Theophanesrsquo Descendantsrdquo In The Greek
East in the Roman Context Proceedings of a Colloquium organised by the Finnish Institute of Athens May 21 and 22 1999 edited by O Salomies 61-70 Helsinki
Burde P 1974 Untersuchungen zur antiken Universalgeschichtsschreibung MuumlnchenBurke P 2011 ldquoExemplarity and Anti-exemplarity in Early Modern Europerdquo In
The Western Time of Ancient History Historiographical Encounters with the Greek and Roman Pasts edited by A Lianeri 48-59 Cambridge
Burkert W 1995 ldquoLydia Between East and West or How to Date the Trojan War a Study in Herodotusrdquo In The Ages of Homer a Tribute to Emily Townsend Vermeule edited by JP Carter and SP Morris 139-48 Austin TX
Burr V 1972 ldquoRom und Judaumla im 1 Jahrhundert vChr (Pompeius und die Juden)rdquo ANRW I1875-86
Burstein SM 1989 Agatharchides of Cnidus On the Erythraean Sea LondonBurstein SM 1992 ldquoHekataios of Abderarsquos History of Egyptrdquo In Life in a Multi-
Cultural Society Egypt from Cambyses to Constantine and Beyond edited by J Johnson 45-9 Chicago IL
Burstein SM 2012 ldquoAithiopia Appendix (673)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Burton A 1972 Diodorus Siculus Book I A Commentary EacutePRO 29 LeidenBusolt G 1889 ldquoDiodors Verhaumlltnis zum Stoicismusrdquo NJbb 139297-315 Busolt G 1890 ldquoQuellenkritische Beitraumlge zur Geschichte der roumlmischen Revo-
lutionszeitrdquo NJbb 141321-49 405-38Buumlttner-Wobst Th 1906 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyro-
geniti confecta Excerpta de virtutibus et vitiis Vol 1 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 549
Caire E 2006 ldquoLa meacutemoire des guerres romaines des IVe et IIIe siegravecles agrave travers les seacutelections byzantinesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 93-111 Aix-en-Provence
Cairns F 1979 Tibullus A Hellenistic Poet at Rome CambridgeCalame C 2003 Myth and History in Ancient Greece Princeton NJCalame C 2011 Mythe et histoire dans lrsquoantiquiteacute grecque ParisCamacho Rojo JM 1994 ldquoEn torno a Diodoro de Sicilia y su concepcioacuten
moralizante de la historiardquo In Lens Tuero 1994 63-9Cameron A 2004 Greek Mythography in the Roman World OxfordCanali de Rossi F 1997 Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma in etagrave repubbli-
cana RomaCanfora L 1988 ldquoIntroduzionerdquo In Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libri I-V
PalermoCanfora L 1990 ldquoLe but de lrsquohistoriographie selon Diodorerdquo In Verdin
Schepens and De Keyser 313-22 Translated as ldquoIl fine della storiografia secondo Diodorordquo In id La storiografia greca Milano 1999 263-76
Canfora L 2010 Il viaggio di Artemidoro Vita e avventure di un grande esplora-tore dellrsquoantichitagrave Milano
Canfora L and MS Montecalvo 1999 Diodoro Siculo La rivolta degli schiavi in Sicilia Palermo
Capozza M 1956-57 ldquoLe rivolte servili di Sicilia nel quadro della politica agraria romanardquo AttiVen 11579-98
Carhart MC 2007 The Science of Culture in Enlightenment Germany Cam-bridge MA
Carriegravere J-C and B Massonie 1991 La Bibliothegraveque drsquoApollodore traduite annoteacutee et commenteacutee Paris
Carter J M 1993 Caesar The Civil War Book III WarminsterCartledge P 1993 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others OxfordCartledge P 2002 The Greeks A Portrait of Self and Others 2nd ed OxfordCasevitz M ed 1972 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XII Paris Casevitz M 1990 ldquoLe vocabulaire politique de Diodore de Sicile politeia poli-
teuma et leur famillerdquo Ktema 1527-33Casevitz M 2003 ldquoLe temps chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Grecs et Romains aux
prises avec lrsquohistoire Repreacutesentations reacutecits et ideacuteologie Colloque de Nantes et Angers edited by G Lachenaud and D Longreacutee Vol 1 15-9 Rennes
Casevitz M 2006 ldquoRemarques sur le vocabulaire politique et militaire dans lrsquohistoire romaine des Ve et IVe siegravecles chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IVe-IIIe siegravecles) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 55-60 Aix-en-Provence
Cagravessola F 1982 ldquoDiodoro e la storia romanardquo ANRW II301724-73Cagravessola F 1991 ldquoLe Origini di Roma e lrsquoetagrave regia in Diodorordquo In Galvagno and
Molegrave Ventura 273-324Cataldi S 2001 ldquoLe audacie di Alcibiade e di Trasillo e le Elleniche di Ossi-
rincordquo In Le laquoElleniche di Ossirincoraquo a cinquanta anni dalla pubblicazione dei
550 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Frammenti Fiorentini 1949-1999 edited by S Bianchetti and MR Catau-della Sileno 2747-84
Cauer E 1847 Quaestionum de fontibus ad Agesilai historiam pertinentibus pars prior Breslau
Cawkwell G 1978 Notes to Xenophon A History of my Times translated by R Warner Harmondsworth
Ceccarelli P 2013 Ancient Greek Letter Writing A Cultural History (600BC-150BC) Oxford
Chambers M 1993 Hellenica Oxyrhynchia Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana Stuttgart
Chamoux F 1990 ldquoUn historien mal-aimeacute Diodore de Sicilerdquo BAssBudeacute 243-52Chamoux F 1993 ldquoIntroduction geacuteneacuterale lrsquohomme et lrsquoœuvrerdquo In Bertrac Cha-
moux and Verniegravere vii-lxxviChamoux F 1997 ldquoLa biographie dans la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore
de Sicilerdquo In Historiografiacutea y biografiacutea Actas del coloquio internacional sobre historiografiacutea y biografiacutea (de la Antiguumledad al Renacimiento) Granada 21-23 de septiembre de 1992 edited by JA Saacutenchez Mariacuten J Lens Tuero and C Loacutepez Rodriacuteguez 57-65 Madrid
Chamoux F 2001 ldquoDu mythe agrave lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 13-23Chamoux F et al 1972- Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique 12 vols ParisChampion CB 2007 ldquoPolybios and Aetolia A Historiographical Approachrdquo
in Marincola 2007b vol 2 356-62Champion CB 2010 ldquoTimaios (566)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineChamplin EJ 2003 ldquoAgamemnon at Rome Roman Dynasts and Greek Heroesrdquo
In Myth History and Culture in Republican Rome Studies in Honour of TP Wiseman edited by D Braund and C Gill 295-319 Exeter
Chaniotis A 1988 Historie und Historiker in den griechischen Inschriften Epigra-phische Beitraumlge zur griechischen Historiographie Heidelberger Althistorische Beitraumlge und Epigraphische Studien 4 Stuttgart
Chaniotis A 2003 ldquoThe Divinity of Hellenistic Rulersrdquo In A Companion to the Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine 431-46 Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2005 War in the Hellenistic World A Social and Cultural History Malden MA
Chaniotis A 2007 ldquoReligion und Mythosrdquo In Kulturgeschichte des Hellenismus Von Alexander dem Groszligen bis Kleopatra edited by G Weber 139-57 Stuttgart
Chaplin JD 2000 Livyrsquos Exemplary History OxfordChinnici V 2000 Cicerone interprete di Omero un capitolo di storia della tra-
duzione artistica NaplesChrist K 1994 Caesar Annaumlherungen an einen Diktator MuumlnchenChristol M and O Masson eds 1997 Actes du Xe Congregraves international drsquoEacutepi-
graphie grecque et latine Nicircmes 4-9 octobre 1992 Publications de la Sorbonne Seacuterie Histoire ancienne et meacutedieacutevale 42 Paris
Ciaceri E 1918 Processi politici e relazioni internazionali Studi sulla storia poli-tica e sulla tradizione letteraria della repubblica e dellrsquoimpero Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 551
Cichorius C 1922 Roumlmische Studien BerlinClackson J and GC Horrocks 2007 The Blackwell History of the Latin Lan-
guage Malden MAClarke K 1997 ldquoIn Search of the Author of Straborsquos Geographyrdquo JRS 8792-110Clarke K 1999a Between Geography and History Hellenistic Constructions of the
Roman World OxfordClarke K 1999b ldquoUniversal Perspectives in Historiographyrdquo In The Limits of
Historiography Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts edited by CS Kraus 249-79 Mnemosyne Suppl 191 Leiden
Clarke K 2007 ldquoLes fragments de Posidonios chez Atheacuteneacuteerdquo In Lenfant 2007 291-302
Clarke K 2008 Making Time for the Past Local History and the Polis Oxford Clasen C 1883 Historisch-kritische Untersuchungen uumlber Timaios von Tauromenion
KielClauss JJ and M Cuypers 2010 A Companion to Hellenistic Literature
ChichesterCohen SJD 1988 ldquoHistory and Historiography in the Against Apion of Jose-
phusrdquo HampT Beiheft 271-11Cohen-Skalli A 2011 ldquoUne theologia dipertita chez Eacutevheacutemegravere de Messegravene Obser-
vations sur le fr VI 1 de Diodore (Euhem T 25 W)rdquo Ktegravema 36349-68Cohen-Skalli A ed 2012a Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique frag-
ments Livres VI-X Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisCohen-Skalli A 2012b ldquoTemps des institutions et temps de lrsquohistoire dans la
Bibliothegraveque historique de Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteG 125425-42Cohen-Skalli A 2013 ldquoLes Excerpta Constantiniana une συλλογή conccedilue drsquoapregraves
un modegravele juridiquerdquo JOumlB 6333-52Cohen-Skalli A 2014 ldquoPortrait drsquoun historien agrave son eacutecritoire meacutethode histo-
rique et technique du livre chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo REacuteA 116493-513Cohen-Skalli A 2015 ldquoApud Graecos desiit nugari Diodorus le sens du titre
Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo MediterrAnt 18177-90Cohn D 1999 The Distinction of Fiction Baltimore MDCole T 1967 Democritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology Cleveland OHCollatz C-F 2004 Polybios-Lexikon Vol 32 bearbeitet von C-F Collatz
M Guumltzlaf and H Helms BerlinCollin-Bouffier S ed 2011 Diodore drsquoAgyrion et lrsquohistoire de la Sicile DHA
Suppl 6 BesanccedilonColvin S 2011 ldquoThe Koine A New Language for a New Worldrdquo In Creating
a Hellenistic World edited by A Erskine and L Llewellyn-Jones 31-46 Swansea
Connor WR 1984 Thucydides Princeton NJ Conomis NC 1958 ldquoLycurgus Against Leocrates sect 81rdquo Πρακτικὰ τῆς Ἀκαδη-
μίας Ἀθηνῶν 33111-27Constantakopoulou C 2010 ldquoDionysios Scytobrachion (32)rdquo In Brillrsquos New
Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill OnlineCook E 1999 ldquolsquoActiversquo and lsquoPassiversquo Heroics in the Odysseyrdquo CW 93149-67
552 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Cordano F 2005 ldquoGli lsquoinventorirsquo dellrsquoalfabeto in Diodoro Siculordquo Kokalos 50139-46
Cordiano G 2004 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 1 Libri I-III MilanoCordiano G 2010 ldquoLa Suda e i libri perduti delle koinai historiai di Diodoro
Siculo conoscenza e sorte della Biblioteca Storica nel X secolordquo In Vanotti 2010 371-91
Cordiano G 2011 ldquoLa Biblioteca Storica diodorea frammentarietagrave del testo e sua interpretazione complessivardquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 159-84
Cordiano G 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libri VI-VII-VIII Com-mento storico Milano
Cordiano G 2014 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Vol 2 Libri IV-VIII Milano
Cornell T 2010 ldquoUniversal History and the Early Roman Historiansrdquo In Liddel and Fear 102-15
Corsaro M 1998 ldquoRipensando Diodoro Il problema della storia universale nel mondo anticordquo MediterrAnt 1405-36
Corsaro M 1999 ldquoDiodoro Siculo e la storia universale IIrdquo MediterrAnt 2117-69
Costa V 2012 ldquoPhilippos of Pergamon (95)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Cresci LR 2008 ldquoMomenti e forme della fruizione del testo diodoreordquo MediterrAnt 11383-96
Cresci LR 2011 ldquoFozio e gli storici frammentarirdquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 209-30
Criniti N 1970 Lrsquoepigrafe di Asculum di Gn Pompeo Strabone MilanoCurnis M 2006 ldquoFrammenti di storia etnografica Nicolao Damasceno e la
lsquoEthocircn synagogeacutersquordquo Sileno 3241-74Curnis M 2011 ldquoContenuti e contenitori frammenti di storia nellrsquoAntologia di
Giovanni Stobeordquo In Gazzano Ottone and Santi Amantini 197-208
DrsquoArms J 2003 Romans on the Bay of Naples and Other Essays BariDaverio G ed 2007 Tra concordia e pace parole e valori della Grecia antica
(Atti della giornata di studio) Quaderni di Acme 92 MilanoDavies M 1982 ldquoTzetzes and Stesichorusrdquo ZPE 45267-9De Angelis F and B Garstad 2006 ldquoEuhemerus in Contextrdquo ClAnt 25211-
42De Angelis V 1998 Amazzoni Mito e storia delle donne guerriere Casale MonferratoDe Boor C 1884 ldquoZu den Excerptsammlungen des Konstantin Porphyrogen-
netosrdquo Hermes 19123-48De Boor C 1905 Excerpta Historica iussu Imp Constantini Porphyrogeniti con-
fecta Excerpta de insidiis BerlinDe Jong I 2004a ldquoNarratological Theory on Narrators Narratees and Narrativerdquo
In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 1-10De Jong I 2004b ldquoHerodotosrdquo In De jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 101-14
BIBLIOGRAPHy 553
De Jong I R Nuumlnlist and A Bowie eds 2004 Narrators Narratees and Nar-ratives in Ancient Greek Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 257 Leiden
De Jonge CC 2008 Between Grammar and Rhetoric Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Language Linguistics and Literature Mnemosyne Suppl 301 Leiden
De Morais Mota CC 2010 The Lessons of Universal History of Diodorus of Sic-ily An Educational Process of Humanity Saarbruumlcken
De Vido S 2008 ldquoLa Sicilia nel IV secolo dai Dionisii ad Agatoclerdquo In Storia drsquoEuropa e del Mediterraneo Vol 24 edited by M Giangiulio 397-431 Salerno
Deniaux E 1993 Clientegraveles et pouvoir agrave lrsquoeacutepoque de Ciceacuteron CEacuteFR 182 RomaDesanges J 1993 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et les Eacutethiopiens drsquoOccidentrdquo CRAI525-
41Desanges J 1998 ldquoDu bon usage drsquoAgatharchide ou de la neacutecessiteacute de la Quellen-
forschungrdquo In Geographica historica edited by P Arnaud and P Counillon 69-82 Bordeaux
Desbordes F 1990 Ideacutees romaines sur lrsquoeacutecriture LilleDesideri P 1972 ldquoLrsquointerpretazione dellrsquoimpero romano in Posidoniordquo Rend-
Linc 106481-93 Desideri P 2010 ldquoDocumenti Scritti ed Iscrizioni in Polibiordquo MediterrAnt
10179-95Devine AM 1984 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Account of the Battle of Gazardquo AClass 2731-40Dewald C 1987 ldquoNarrative Surface and Authorial Voice in Herodotosrsquo Historiesrdquo
Arethusa 20147-70Dewald C 2002 ldquoI Didnrsquot Give My Own Genealogy Herodotos and the
Authorial Personardquo In Brillrsquos Companion to Herodotos edited by E Bakker I de Jong and H van Wees 267-89 Leiden
Dickson G 2008 The Childrenrsquos Crusade Medieval History Modern Mythistory New york Ny
Diller A 1962 ldquoPhotiusrsquo Bibliotheca in Byzantine Literaturerdquo DOP 16389-96Dillery J 1995 Xenophon and the History of his Times London Dillery J 1998 ldquoHekataios of Abdera Hyperboreans Egypt and the interpretatio
graecardquo Historia 47255-75Dindorf L 1828 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 5 Annotationes interpretum
ad l XV-XX et fragmenta l V-X et XXI-XL LeipzigDindorf L 1866 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica Vol 1 LeipzigDinsmoor WB 1931 The Archons of Athens in the Hellenistic Age Cambridge
MADion R 1976 ldquoLa notion drsquoHyperboreacuteens Ses vicissitudes au cours de lrsquoAnti-
quiteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 143-57Dionisotti AC 1997 ldquoOn Fragments in Classical Scholarshiprdquo In Most 1997
1-33Dolce C 1960 ldquoDiodoro e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6124-66Dorandi T 1982 Filodemo Il buon re secondo Omero Napoli Dorandi T 1984 ldquoSillyboirdquo SampC 8185-99Dorandi T 2000 ldquoPhilodemosrdquo DNP 9822-7
554 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Douglas M 2007 Thinking in Circles An Essay on Ring Composition New Haven CT
Dowden K 1992 The Uses of Greek Mythology LondonDowden K 1997 ldquoThe Amazons Development and Functionsrdquo RhM 14097-
128Drachmann AB ed 1912 Diodors Roumlmische Annalen bis 302 aChr samt dem
ineditum vaticanum BonnDreizehnter A 1973 Die rhetorische Zahl Quellenkritische Untersuchungen
anhand der Zahlen 70 und 700 MuumlnchenDrews R 1962 ldquoDiodorus and his Sourcesrdquo AJP 83383-92Drews R 1973 The Greek Accounts of Eastern History Cambridge MADroysen JG 1836 Geschichte des Hellenismus Vol 1 Geschichte der Nachfolger
Alexanders HamburgDubuisson M 1979 ldquoLe latin des historiens grecsrdquo LEC 4789-106Dudziński A 2013 ldquoThe Bull of Phalaris and the Historical Method of Dio-
dorus Siculusrdquo Histos 770-87 Dueck D 2000 Strabo of Amasia A Greek Man of Letters in Augustan Rome
LondonDueck D 2007 ldquoWhen the Muses meet Poetic Quotations in Greek Historio-
graphyrdquo In Greeks between East and West Essays in Greek Literature and History in Memory of David Asheri edited by G Herman and I Shatzman 93-114 Jerusalem
Dugas C 1910 ldquoLa campagne drsquoAgeacutesilas en Asie Mineurerdquo BCH 3458-95Durant W 1935-75 The Story of Civilization 11 vols New york NyDurst M 1989 ldquoHegesipps lsquoHypomnematarsquo mdash Titel oder Gattungsbezeich-
nung Untersuchungen zum literarischen Gebrauch von lsquoHypomnemarsquo mdash lsquoHypomnematarsquordquo RoumlmQSchr 84299-330
Dziatzko C 1897 ldquoBuchhandelrdquo RE 31973-85
Edelstein L and IG Kidd 1972 Posidonius Vol 1 The Fragments CambridgeEhrhardt C 1970 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamirdquo Phoenix 24
225-8Ehrhardt C 1995 ldquoSpeeches before Battlerdquo Historia 44120-1Eilers C 2002 Roman Patrons of Greek Cities Oxford Elliott RC 1982 The Literary Persona Chicago ILEllis JR 1991 ldquoThe Structure and Argument of Thucydidesrsquo Archaeologyrdquo
ClAnt 10344-75Elsner J 2000 ldquoFrom the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics The Arch of
Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Formsrdquo PBSR 68149-84Engelmann H 1983 ldquoInschrift und Literaturrdquo ZPE 51123-30 Engels J 1993 ldquoDie Ὑπομνήματα-Schriften und die Anfaumlnge der politischen
Biographie und Autobiographie in der griechischen Literaturrdquo ZPE 9619-36
Engels J 1999 Augusteische Oikumenegeographie und Universalhistorie im Werk Strabons von Amaseia Geographica Historica 12 Stuttgart
BIBLIOGRAPHy 555
Engels J 2004 ldquoAgatharchides von Knidosrsquo Schrift lsquoUumlber das Rote Meerrsquordquo In Ad fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum 65 Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 dargebracht von Kollegen Schuumllern und Freunden edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 179-92 Wien
Engels J 2010 ldquoStrabo of Amasia and his Importance in the Development of Ancient Greek Universal Historiographyrdquo In Liddel and Fear 71-86
Engels J 2012 ldquoArtemidoros of Ephesos and Strabo of Amasia Common Tra-ditions of Greek Cultural Geography and Straborsquos Decisive Importance in the History of Reception of Artemidorosrsquo Geographoumenardquo In Intorno al papiro di Artemidoro II Geografia e cartografia edited by C Gallazzi B Kramer and S Settis 139-55 Milano
Erskine A 1994 ldquoThe Romans as Common Benefactorsrdquo Historia 4370-87Erskine A 2001 Troy Between Greece and Rome Local Tradition and Imperial
Power Oxford
Farrington B 1937 Diodorus Siculus Universal Historian SwanseaFearn D 2013 ldquoKleos v Stone Lyric Poetry and Contexts for Memorializationrdquo
In Liddel and Low 231-53Feeney D 2007 Caesarrsquos Calendar Ancient Time and the Beginnings of History
BerkeleyFerguson J 1975 Utopias of the Classical World Ithaca NyFerrary J-L 1988 Philhelleacutenisme et impeacuterialisme aspects ideacuteologiques de la con-
quecircte romaine du monde helleacutenistique de la seconde guerre de Maceacutedoine agrave la guerre contre Mithridate BEacuteFAR 271 Roma
Ferrary J-L 2000 ldquoLes inscriptions du sanctuaire de Claros en lrsquohonneur de Romainsrdquo BCH 124331-76
Fields DF 2009 The Rhetoric of Parrhēsia in Roman Greece PhD diss Princeton NJ
Finkelberg M 1995 ldquoOdysseus and the Genus lsquoHerorsquordquo GaR 421-14Finley MI 1979 Ancient Sicily LondonFlaig E 2000 ldquoLucius Aemilius Paullus mdash militaumlrischer Ruhm und familiaumlre
Gluumlcklosigkeitrdquo In Von Romulus zu Augustus Groszlige Gestalten der roumlmischen Republik edited by K-J Houmllkeskamp and E Stein-Houmllkeskamp 131-46 Muumlnchen
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2009 ldquoLa part biographique dans une œuvre histo-rique condenseacutee Lrsquoexemple de Florusrdquo Interfeacuterences 5 httpinterferencesrevuesorg913
Flamerie de Lachapelle G 2011 Clementia Recherches sur la notion de cleacutemence agrave Rome du deacutebut du Ier siegravecle aC agrave la mort drsquoAuguste Bordeaux
Flory S 1990 ldquoThe Meaning of τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες (1224) and the Usefulness of Thucydidesrsquo Historyrdquo CJ 85193-208
Flower MA 1998 ldquoSimonides Ephorus and Herodotus on the Battle of Ther-mopylaerdquo CQ 48 365-79
Flower MA 2000 lsquoAlexander the Great and Panhellenismrsquo In Bosworth and Baynham 96-136
556 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Flower MA 2012 Xenophonrsquos Anabasis or The Expedition of Cyrus Oxford Approaches to Classical Literature Oxford
Flusin B 2002 ldquoLes Excerpta constantiniens logique drsquoune anti-histoirerdquo In Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse edited by S Pittia 537-58 CEacuteFR 298 Roma
Foertmeyer VA 1989 Tourism in Graeco-Roman Egypt PhD diss Princeton NJFormisano M and C Sogno 2010 ldquoPetite Poeacutesie Portable The Latin cento in
its Late Antique Contextrdquo In Horster and Reitz 375-94Fornara CW 1983 The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome Berkeley CAFornara CW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 CP 87383-8Fortenbaugh W and E Schuumltrumpf eds 2001 Dicaearchus of Messana Text
Translation and Discussion New Brunswick NJFoster E 2012 ldquoSome Recent Work on Direct and Indirect Discourse in the
Ancient Historiansrdquo Histos 6329-42Foucault M 2001 Fearless Speech edited by J Pearson Los Angeles CAFowler RL 2000 Early Greek Mythography Vol 1 Text and Introduction
OxfordFowler RL 2011 ldquoMythos and Logosrdquo JHS 13145-66Fox M 2001 ldquoDionysios Lucian and the Prejudice against Rhetoric in Histo-
riographyrdquo JRS 9176-93Fox M 2007 Cicerorsquos Philosophy of History OxfordFox M and N Livingstone 2007 ldquoRhetoric and Historiographyrdquo In A Com-
panion to Greek Rhetoric edited by I Worthington 542-61 OxfordFraccaro P 1907 Studi varroniani De gente populi romani libri IV PadovaFraenkel E 1956 ldquoEine Form roumlmischer Kriegsbulletinsrdquo Eranos 54189-94Fraenkel E 1964 Kleine Beitraumlge zur klassischen Philologie 2 vols RomaFraser PM 1972 Ptolemaic Alexandria 3 vols Oxford Frolov E 1976 ldquoOrganisation und Charakter der Herrschaft Dionysiosrsquo des
Aumllterenrdquo Klio 58376-404Fromentin V 2006 ldquoLa Tychegrave chez Diodore de Sicile mdash ou la place de la causa-
liteacute divine dans la Bibliothegraveque historiquerdquo In Signes et destins et drsquoeacutelection dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute edited by M Fartzoff E Geny and E Smadja 229-41 Besanccedilon
Fromentin V and S Gotteland eds 2001 Origines Gentium Collection Eacutetudes 7 Bordeaux
Fuchs H 1962 ldquoEnzyklopaumldierdquo RAC 5504-15Futre Pinheiro MP 2006 ldquoUtopia and Utopias a Study on a Literary Genre
in Antiquityrdquo In Authors Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel Essays in Hon of GL Schmeling edited by EP Cueva and J Alvares 147-71 Groningen
Gabba E 1991 Dionysius and the History of Archaic Rome Sather Classical Lec-tures 56 Berkeley CA
Gabba E 2005 ldquoOsservazioni introduttiverdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 9-12Gaca KL 2008 ldquoReinterpreting the Homeric Simile of Iliad 167-11 The Girl
and Her Mother in Ancient Greek Warfarerdquo AJP 129145-71
BIBLIOGRAPHy 557
Gaca KL 2010 ldquoThe Andrapodizing of War Captives in Greek Historical Memoryrdquo TAPA 140117-61
Galvagno E 2015 ldquoDemokratia in Diodorordquo In Gli amici per Dino Omaggio a Delfino Ambaglio (Chieti 28-29 aprile 2010) 137-169 Lanciano
Galvagno E and C Molegrave Ventura eds 1991 Mito Storia Tradizione Diodoro Siculo e la storiografia classica Atti del Convegno internazionale Catania-Agira 7-8 dicembre 1984 Testi e studi di storia antica 1 Catania
Gandini A 2009 ldquoDiod XXXI5 tradizioni a confronto per una ricostruzione dellrsquooriginale perdutordquo In Ricordo di Delfino Ambaglio edited by MT Zam-bianchi 199-208 Como
Garnsey P 1988 Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World Responses to Risk and Crisis Cambridge
Garnsey P 1997 ldquoThe Middle Stoics and Slaveryrdquo In Hellenistic Constructs Essays in Culture History and Historiography eds P Cartledge P Garnsey and E Gruen 159-174 Berkeley CA
Gauthier P 1985 Les citeacutes grecques et leurs bienfaiteurs (IVe-Ier siegravecle avant J-C) Contribution agrave lrsquohistoire des institutions BCH Suppl 12 Athegravenes
Gautier P 1970 ldquoLa curieuse ascendance de Jean Tzetzegravesrdquo REacuteByz 28207-20Gazzano F G Ottone and L Santi Amantini eds 2011 Ex fragmentis per frag-
menta historiam tradere Atti della Seconda Giornata di studio sulla storiografia greca frammentaria Genova 8 ottobre 2009 Themata 9 Genova
Gehrke H-J 1994 ldquoMythos Geschichte Politik mdash antik und modernrdquo Saecu-lum 45239-64 English translation ldquoMyth History Politics mdash Ancient and Modernrdquo In Marincola 2011 40-71
Gehrke H-J 2014 Geschichte als Element antiker Kultur Die Griechen und Ihre Geschichte(n) Muumlnchener Vorlesungen zu antiken Welten 2 Berlin
Gelzer M 1954 ldquoWar Caesar ein Staatsmannrdquo HZ 178449-70Gelzer M 2005 Pompeius Lebensbild eines Roumlmers Stuttgart Originally 1984
reprint of the second edition Muumlnchen 1959Gelzer M 2008 Caesar Der Politiker und Staatsmann Stuttgart Original edi-
tion Wiesbaden 19606Genette G 1976 ldquoBoundaries of Narrativerdquo (trans A Levonas) New Literary
History 81-15 Originally published as ldquoFrontiegraveres de reacutecitrdquo in G Genette Figures II Paris 1969 49-69
Genette G 1991 Fiction et Diction ParisGera DL 2003 Ancient Greek Ideas on Speech Language and Civilization OxfordGera DL 2007 ldquoThemistoclesrsquo Persian Tapestryrdquo CQ 57445-57Gerrig RJ 1989 ldquoSuspense in the Absence of Uncertainityrdquo Journal of Memory
and Language 28633-48Geus K 1999 ldquoKastor von Rhodos [2]rdquo DNP 6325Geus K 2002 Eratosthenes von Kyrene Studien zur hellenistischen Kultur- und
Wissenschaftsgeschichte MuumlnchBeitr 92 MuumlnchenGiangiulio M 2001 ldquoConstructing the Past Colonial Traditions and the Writ-
ing of History The Case of Cyrenerdquo In The Historianrsquos Craft in the Age of Herodotus edited by N Luraghi 116-37 Oxford
558 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Gigante M 1987 La Bibliothegraveque de Philodegraveme et lrsquoeacutepicurisme romain Collection drsquoeacutetudes anciennes 56 Paris
Giovannelli-Jouanna P 2001 ldquoLa monographie consacreacutee agrave Heacuteraclegraves dans le livre IV de la laquoBibliothegraveque historiqueraquo de Diodore de Sicile tradition et originaliteacuterdquo BAssBudeacute 83-109
Glucker JA 1999 ldquoPlatonic Cento in Cicerordquo Phronesis 44 30-44Gold BK 1985 ldquoPompey and Theophanes of Mytilenerdquo AJP 106312-27Gomme AW 1945 A Historical Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Introduction
and Commentary on Book I OxfordGorman RJ and VB Gorman 2007 ldquoThe Tryphe of the Sybarites A Histo-
riographical Problem in Athenaeusrdquo JHS 12738-60Goukowsky P 1976 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique Livre XVII
Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris Goukowsky P 1978 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 1 Les origines politiques NancyGoukowsky P 1981 Essai sur les origines du mythe drsquoAlexandre (336-270 av J-C)
Vol 2 Alexandre et Dionysos NancyGoukowsky P 1995 ldquoPhilippe de Pergame et lrsquohistoire des guerres civilesrdquo In
Hellenika Symmikta 2 edited by C Brixhe 39-53 ParisGoukowsky P 2004 ldquoDiodore de Sicile pompeacuteien repentirdquo CRAI599-622Goukowsky P 2006 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque historique fragments
Livres XXI-XXVI Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2012 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXVII-XXXII Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGoukowsky P 2014 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique fragments
Livres XXXIII-XL Collection des Universiteacutes de France ParisGozzoli S 1978 ldquoEtnografia e politica in Agatarchiderdquo Athenaeum 4659-79Graf F 1993 Greek Mythology An Introduction Trans T Marier BaltimoreGrafton A 2007 What Was History The Art of History in Early Modern Europe
Cambridge Grandazzi A 2008 Alba Longa histoire drsquoune leacutegende recherches sur lrsquoarcheacuteologie
la religion les traditions de lrsquoancien Latium 2 vols BEacuteFAR 336 Roma Gray VJ 1979 ldquoTwo Different Approaches to the Battle of Sardis in 395 BCrdquo
CSCA 12183-200 Gray VJ 1980 ldquoThe years 375 to 371 BC a Case Study in the Reliability of
Diodorus and Xenophonrdquo CQ 30306-26Gray VJ 1987 ldquoThe Value of Diodorus Siculus for the years 411-386 BCrdquo
Hermes 11572-89Gray VJ 2003 ldquoInterventions and Citations in Xenopohon Hellenica and
Anabasisrdquo CQ 53111-23Gray VJ 2004 ldquoXenophonrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 129-46Gray VJ 2007 ldquoNarrative Manner and Xenophonrsquos More Routine Hellenicardquo
In Marincola 2007 vol 2 342-8Green P 1978 ldquoCaesar and Alexander aemulatio imitatio comparatiordquo AJAH 31-
26
BIBLIOGRAPHy 559
Green P 1999 Review of Stylianou 1998 BMCR 19991011Green P 2006 Diodorus Siculus Books 11-12371 Greek History 480-431 BC
the Alternative Version Austin TXGreen P 2007 ldquoDiodoros Siculus on the Third Sacred Warrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 2 363-70 Green P 2010 Diodorus Siculus The Persian Wars to the Fall of Athens Books 11-
1434 (480-401 BCE) Translated with Introduction and Notes Austin TXGrenfell BP and AS Hunt 1919 The Oxyrhynchus Papyri Vol 13 LondonGriffin M 1989 ldquoPhilosophy Politics and Politicians at Romerdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 1-37 Griffin M 1994 ldquoThe Intellectual Developments of the Ciceronian Agerdquo In
CAH 92 The Last Age of the Roman Republic 146-43 BC edited by JA Crook A Lintott and E Rawson 689-728 Cambridge
Griffin M and J Barnes eds 1989 Philosophia Togata Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society Oxford
Grimal P 1966 ldquoEncyclopeacutedies antiquesrdquo Cahiers drsquohistoire mondiale 9459-82Gros P 1999a ldquoTheatrum Pompeirdquo LTUR 535-8Gros P 1999b ldquoVenus Victrix Aedesrdquo LTUR 5120-1Gruen ES 1974 The Last Generation of the Roman Republic Berkeley CAGruumlnbart M 2005 ldquoTis love that has warmrsquod us Reconstructing Networks in
12th century Byzantiumrdquo RBPhil 83301-13Guelfucci M-R 2001 ldquoDe Polybe agrave Diodore les leccedilons de lrsquohistoirerdquo In Leclant
and Chamoux 83-101Guerra R 2003 ldquoTipologie di documenti nella Biblioteca di Diodorordquo In Biraschi
Desideri Roda and Zecchini 509-18Gutzwiller K 2007 A Guide to Hellenistic Literature Blackwell Guides to Classical
Literature Malden MA
Habicht C 1970 Gottmenschentum und griechische Staumldte Zetemata 14 2nd ed Muumlnchen
Habicht C 1997 Athens from Alexander to Antony tr DL Schneider Cam-bridge MA
Hadley R 1996 ldquoDiodorus 18601-3 a Case of Remodeled Source Materialsrdquo AHB 10131-47
Haumlgg T 1975 Photios als Vermittler antiker Literatur Untersuchungen zur Technik des Referierens und Exzerpierens in der Bibliotheke Uppsala
Hagmaier M 2008 Rhetorik und Geschichte Eine Studie zu den Kriegsreden im ersten Buch des Thukydides Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 94 Berlin
Hahm DE 1989 ldquoPosidoniusrsquos Theory of Historical Causationrdquo ANRW II3631325-63
Haillet J 2001 Diodore de Sicile Bibliothegraveque Historique livre XI Collection des Universiteacutes de France Paris
Hall E 1989 Inventing the Barbarian Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy Oxford
560 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hall JM 1995 ldquoThe Role of Language in Greek Ethnicitiesrdquo PCPS 4183-100
Hall JM 1997 Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity CambridgeHall JM 2002 Hellenicity Between Ethnicity and Culture ChicagoHamilton JR 1977 ldquoCleitarchus and Diodorus 17rdquo In Greece and the Eastern
Mediterranean in History and Prehistory edited by KH Kinzl 126-146 BerlinHammond NGL 1937 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Narrative of the Sacred War and the
Chronological Problems of 357-352 BCrdquo JHS 5744-78Hammond NGL 1983 Three Historians of Alexander the Great The So-Called
Vulgate Authors Diodorus Justin and Curtius CambridgeHammond NGL and FW Walbank 1988 A History of Macedonia Vol 3
336-167 BC OxfordHamon P 2009 ldquoDeacutemocraties grecques apregraves Alexandre agrave propos de trois
ouvrages reacutecentsrdquo Topoi 16347-82Hansen MH 1993 ldquoThe Battle-Exhortation in Ancient Historiography Fact
or Fictionrdquo Historia 42161-80Harding P 1987 ldquoThe Authorship of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchiardquo AHB 1101-4Harloe K 2015 ldquoChristian Gottlob Heyne and the Changing Fortunes of the
Commentary in the Age of Altertumswissenschaftrdquo In Classical Commen-taries Explorations in a Scholarly Genre edited by CS Kraus and C Stray 435-56 Oxford
Harmand J 1967 ldquoDiodore IV 19 V 24 Heacuteraklegraves Alesia Ceacutesar le Dieurdquo Latomus 26956-86
Harrison S 2007 ldquoFrom Man to Book The Close of Tacitusrsquo Agricolardquo In Clas-sical Constructions Papers in Memory of Don Fowler Classicist and Epicurean edited by SJ Heyworth PG Fowler and SJ Harrison 310-19 Oxford
Harrison T 2000 Divinity and History The Religion of Herodotus OxfordHau LI 2006 ldquoDiodoros (322 and 4) and Polybiosrdquo ClMed 5767-102Hau LI 2008 ldquoThe Victor after the Victory A Narrative Set-Piece in Greek
Historiography from Herodotus to Diodorus of Sicilyrdquo In Beyond the Battle-fields New Perspectives on Warfare and Society in the Greco-Roman World edited by E Bragg L Hau and E Macaulay-Lewis 121-44 Cambridge
Hau LI 2009 ldquoThe Burden of Good Fortune in Diodoros of Sicily a Case for Originalityrdquo Historia 58171-97
Hau LI 2013 ldquoThe Shadow of What Might Have Been Sideshadowing in Thucydides and Xenophonrdquo In Hindsight in Greek and Roman History edited by A Powell 71-90 Swansea
Hau LI 2016 Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus EdinburghHau LI 2017 ldquoTruth and Moralising the Twin Aims of the Hellenistic Histo-
riographersrdquo In Truth and History in the Ancient World Pluralising the Past edited by I Ruffell and LI Hau 226-49 London
Hau LI forthcoming ldquoGold-mines Guinea Worms and Elephant Hunters mdash Diodorusrsquo Use of Agatharchidesrsquo On the Red Seardquo
Heckel W 1994 ldquoNotes on Q Curtius Rufusrsquo History of Alexanderrdquo AClass 3767-78
BIBLIOGRAPHy 561
Heckel W 2006 Whorsquos Who in the Age of Alexander the Great Malden MAHeftner H 1995 Plutarch und der Aufstieg des Pompeius ein historischer Kom-
mentar zu Plutarchs Pompeiusvita Vol 1 Kap 1-45 Europaumlische Hochschul-schriften III 639 Frankfurt am Main
Heidenreich M 2006 Christian Gottlob Heyne und die Alte Geschichte Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 229 Muumlnchen
Henderson J 1998 Fighting for Rome Poets and Caesars History and Civil War Cambridge
Herington J 1991 ldquoThe Closure of Herodotusrsquo Historiesrdquo ICS 16149-60Higbie C 1999 ldquoCraterus and the Use of Inscriptions in Ancient Scholarshiprdquo
TAPA 12943-83Higbie C 2003 The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past
OxfordHigbie C 2010a ldquoEpigrams on the Persian Wars Monuments Memory and
Politicsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 183-201Higbie C 2010b ldquoDivide and Edit a Brief History of Book Divisionsrdquo
HSCP 1051-31Highet G 2015 The Classical Tradition Greek and Roman Influences on Western
Literature With a New Foreword by Harold Bloom Oxford Original edition Oxford 1949
Hijmans BL 1976 Inlaboratus et Facilis Aspects of Structure in Some Letters of Seneca Mnemosyne Suppl 38 Leiden
Hinz V 2001 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput Antike Phalarislegende und Nachleben der Phalarisbriefe Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde Bd 148 Muumlnchen
Hoben W 1978 Terminologische Studien zu den Sklavenerhebungen der roumlmischen Republik Forschungen zur antiken Sklaverei 9 Wiesbaden
Houmlistad R 1948 Cynic Hero and Cynic King UppsalaHolford-Strevens L and AD Vardi eds 2004 The Worlds of Aulus Gellius
OxfordHolm J 1994 Myth and History LondonHolzapfel L 1879 Untersuchungen uumlber die Darstellung der griechischen Geschichte
von 489 bis 413 vor Chr bei Ephoros Theopomp ua Autoren Leipzig Hornblower J 1981 Hieronymus of Cardia OxfordHornblower S 1983 ldquoAlexander and τύχη A Note on Diodorus 17384-5rdquo
LCM 843Hornblower S 1984 Review of Hammond 1983 CR 34261-4Hornblower S 1991 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 1 Books I-III OxfordHornblower S 1991-2008 A Commentary on Thucydides 3 vols OxfordHornblower S 1994a ldquoNarratology and Narrative Techniques in Thucydidesrdquo
In Hornblower 1994b 131-66Hornblower S 1994b Greek Historiography OxfordHornblower S 2008 A Commentary on Thucydides Vol 3 Books 525-8109
OxfordHorster M and C Reitz eds 2010 Condensing Texts mdash Condensed Texts Pal-
ingenesia 98 Stuttgart
562 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Hose M 2005 ldquoDas Gnomologion des Stobaios eine Landkarte des lsquopaganenrsquo Geistesrdquo Hermes 13393-9
Hose M 2009 ldquolsquoExzentrischersquo Formen der Historiographie im Hellenismusrdquo In Die Apostelgeschichte im Kontext antiker und fruumlhchristlicher Historiogra-phie edited by J Frey CK Rothschild and J Schroumlter 182-213 Berlin
Houghton L 2013 ldquoEpitome and Eternity Some Epitaphs and Votive Inscrip-tions in the Latin Love Elegistsrdquo In Liddel and Low 349-64
Hunger H 1955 ldquoJohannes Tzetzes Allegorien zur Odyssee Buch 13-24rdquo ByzZeit 484-48
Hunter R 2003 Theocritus Encomium of Ptolemy Philadelphus Hellenistic cul-ture and society 39 Berkeley
Hunter R and D Russell 2011 Plutarch How to Study Poetry (De audiendis poetis) Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics Cambridge
Huttner U 1997 Die politische Rolle der Heraklesgestalt im griechischen Herr-schertum Historia Einzelschr 112 Stuttgart
Iglesias Zoido JC 2007 ldquoThe Battle Exhortation in Ancient Rhetoricrdquo Rhe-torica 25141-58
Immerwahr HR 1966 Form and Thought in Herodotus Philological mono-graphs of the American philological association 23 Cleveland OH
Inowlocki S 2006 Eusebius and the Jewish Authors his Citation Technique in an Apologetic Context Ancient Judaism and early Christianity 64 Leiden
Inwood B 2001 ldquoPoseidonios [3]rdquo DNP 10211-5Irigoin J 1997 ldquoTitres Sous-titres et sommaires dans les œuvres des historiens
grecs du Ier siegravecle avant J-C au Ve siegravecle apregraves J-Crdquo In Titres et articulations du texte dans les œuvres antiques Actes du Colloque International de Chantilly 13-15 deacutecembre 1994 edited by J-C Fredouille M-O Goulet-Cazeacute P Hoff-mann and P Petitmengin 127-34 Collection des Eacutetudes Augustiniennes seacuterie antiquiteacute 152 Paris
Jacob C 1985 Review of Veyne 1983 Revue de lrsquoHistoire des Religions 2022161-6 Jacob C 1986 ldquoCartographie et rectificationrdquo In Strabone Contributi allo studio
della personalitagrave e dellrsquoopera II edited by G Maddoli 27-64 PerugiaJacob C 1998 ldquoLa bibliothegraveque la carte et le traiteacute Les formes de lrsquoaccumulation
du savoir agrave Alexandrierdquo In Sciences exactes et sciences appliqueacutees agrave Alexandrie (IIIe siegravecle av JC- Ier siegravecle ap JC) Actes du Colloque international Saint-Eacutetienne 1996 edited by G Argoud and J-y Guillaumin 19-37 Saint-Eacutetienne
Jacoby F 1912 ldquoHekataios 4rdquo RE 722750-69Jacoby F 1913 ldquoHieronymos von Kardiardquo RE 821540-60Jacoby F 1923-30 and 1940-58 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 15 vols
Berlin and LeipzigJacoby F 1926a Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIA Uni-
versalgeschichte und Hellenika [Nr 64-105] BerlinJacoby F 1926b Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) IIC Kom-
mentar [Nr 64-105] Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 563
Jacoby F 1930 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IID Kommentar zu Nr 106-261 Berlin
Jacoby F 1955 Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIB Kommentar zu Nr 297-601 Leiden
Jacoby F 1958 Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker (FGrHist) Vol IIIC2 Geschichte von Staumldten und Voumllkern Autoren uumlber einzelne Laumlnder Illyrien - Thrakien [Nr 709 ndash 856] Leiden
Jal P 2007 ldquoArchimegravede et les miroirs ardents quelques remarquesrdquo REacuteL 8539-45
Jeffreys MJ 1974 ldquoThe Nature and Origins of the Political Verserdquo DOP 28141-95
Jehne M 1994 Koine Eirene Untersuchungen zu den Befriedungs- und Stabilisie-rungsbemuumlhungen in der griechischen Poliswelt des 4 Jahrhunderts Hermes Einzelschr 63 Stuttgart
Jones CP 1971 Plutarch and Rome OxfordJones CP 1999 Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World Revealing Antiquity 12
Cambridge MAJost M 1998 ldquoVersions locales et versions panhelleacuteniques chez Pausaniasrdquo In Les
Pantheacuteons des citeacutes des origines agrave la Peacuterieacutegegravese de Pausanias edited by V Pirenne-Delforge 227-40 Kernos Suppl 8 Liegravege
Jourdain-Annequin C 1984 ldquoHerakles heacuteros culturelrdquo In Religione e cittagrave nel mondo antico Atti del Convegno di Bressanone (Brixen) 1981 24-27 Ottobre 9-29 Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoantichitagrave classica Atti 11 Roma
Jourdain-Annequin C 1989 Heacuteraclegraves aux portes du soir Mythe et histoire Anna-les litteacuteraires de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Besanccedilon 402 Paris
Kaumlhler H 1965 Der Fries vom Reiterdenkmal des Aemilius Paullus in Delphi Monumenta artis Romanae 5 Berlin
Kahn CH 2001 Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans A Brief History Indianapolis INKaimio J 1979 The Romans and the Greek Language HelsinkiKaldellis A 2007 Hellenism in Byzantium The Transformations of Greek Iden-
tity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition Cambridge Kaldellis A 2012 ldquoThe Byzantine Role in the Making of the Corpus of Classi-
cal Greek Historiography A Preliminary Investigationrdquo JHS 13271-85Kallet-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Impe-
rium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Karttunen K 1997 India and the Hellenistic World Studia Orientalia 83 HelsinkiKatičić R 1960 ldquoDie Ringkomposition in der vorklassischen attischen Prosardquo
ZAnt 1041-60 Kebric RB 1977 In The Shadow of Macedon Duris of Samos Historia Ein-
zelschr 29 WiesbadenKeesling C 2010 ldquoThe Callimachus Monument on the Athenian Acropolis
(CEG 256) and Athenian Commemoration of the Persian Warsrdquo In Baum-bach Petrovic and Petrovic 100-30
564 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Kendrick W 1989 ldquoThe Other Side of Originalityrdquo (review of Mallon 1989) The New York Times October 29 1989 (online at httpwwwnytimescom19891029booksthe-other-side-of-originalityhtml)
Kennedy GA 1984 New Testament Interpretation through Rhetorical Criticism Chapel Hill NC
Kidd IG 1988 Posidonius Vol 2 The Commentary (i) Testimonia and Frag-ments 1-149 Cambridge
Kidd IG 1989 ldquoPosidonius as Philosopher-Historianrdquo In Griffin and Barnes 38-50
Kidd IG 1997 ldquoWhat is a Posidonian Fragmentrdquo In Most 1997 225-36Kiesling E 2003 ldquoThe Oldest lsquoNewrsquo Military Historian Herodotus WG Forrest
and the Historiography of Warrdquo In Herodotus and His World Essays from a Conference in Memory of George Forrest edited by P Derow and R Parker 88-100 Oxford
Kim L 2007 ldquoThe Portrait of Homer in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 1024 363-88
Kim L 2010 Homer Between History and Fiction in Imperial Greek Literature Cambridge
Kinney D 1997 ldquoSpolia Damnatio and Renovatio Memoriaerdquo MAAR 42117-48Kinney D 2001 ldquoRoman Architectural Spoliardquo PAPS 145138-61Klotz A 1952 ldquoPompeius Trogus [142]rdquo RE 2122300-13Knoepfler D 2000 ldquoTrois historiens helleacutenistiques Douris de Samos Hieacuterony-
mos de Cardia Philochore drsquoAthegravenesrdquo In Leclant and Chamoux 25-44Kolbe W 1937 ldquoDiodors Wert fuumlr die Geschichte der Pentekontaetierdquo Her-
mes 72241-69 Koumlnig R and G Winkler 1973 C Plinius Secundus dAuml Naturkunde Latein-
isch mdash deutsch Buch I MuumlnchenKonstan D 2001 ldquoTo hellenikon ethnos Ethnicity and the Construction of
Ancient Greek Identityrdquo In Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 29-50 Cambridge MA
Konstan D 2004 ldquoParrhecircsia Ancient Philosophy in Oppositionrdquo In Mythos and Logos How to Regain the Love of Wisdom edited by AA Anderson SV Hicks and L Witkowski 19-33 Amsterdam
Konstan D D Clay CE Glad JC Thom and J Ware eds and trans 1998 Philodemus On Frank Criticism Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 43 Greco-Roman Series 13 Atlanta GA
Koselleck R 2004 ldquoHistoria Magistra Vitae The Dissolution of the Topos Into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Processrdquo In Futures Past On the Semantics of Historical Time translated and with an introduction by Keith Tribe 26-42 New york Ny Originally published in Festschrift Karl Loumlwith Stuttgart 1967 196-219
Kraus CS 1994 Livy Ab Urbe Condita VI CambridgeKremmydas C and K Tempest eds 2013 Hellenistic Oratory Continuity and
Change Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 565
Krentz P 1988 ldquoXenophon and Diodorus on the Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)rdquo AHB 2128-30
Krentz P 2002 ldquoFighting by the Rules The Invention of the Hoplite Agonrdquo Hesperia 7123-39
Krumbholtz P 1889 ldquoWiederholungen bei Diodorrdquo RhM 44286-98Kunz M 1935 Zur Beurteilung der Prooumlmien in Diodors historischer Bibliothek
Zuumlrich
Laird A 1999 Powers of Expression Expressions of Power Speech Presentation and Latin Literature Oxford
Landucci Gattinoni F 1991 ldquoLa figura di Tolomeo nei libri XVIII-XX di Dio-dorordquo In Galvagno and Molegrave Ventura 89-96
Landucci Gattinoni F 1997 Duride di Samo Centro ricerche e documentazione sullrsquoAntichitagrave classica Monografie 18 Roma
Landucci Gattinoni F 2005a ldquoPer un commento storico al libro XVIII di Dio-doro riflessioni preliminarirdquo In Ambaglio 2005a 175-90
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2005b ldquoLa tradizione su Seleuco in Diodoro XVIII-XXrdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 155-81
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2008a ldquoCronologia e proemirdquo In Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi 103-15
Landucci Gattinoni F 2008b Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro XVIII Commento storico Milano
Landucci [Gattinoni] F 2011 ldquoDiodoro e la cronologia dei Diadochi una storia infinitardquo In Antiquitas Scritti di storia antica in onore di Salvatore Alessandrigrave edited by M Lombardo and C Marangio 167-78 Galatina
Lang P 2012 ldquoHekataios (264)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Langerwerf L 2010 ʻNo freer than the helotsʼ Messenian Rebel Behaviour in Pau-saniasrsquo Messeniaka in comparative perspective PhD diss Nottingham
Lanni A 2008 ldquoThe Laws of War in Ancient Greecerdquo Law and History Review 26469-90
Laqueur R 1911 ldquoEphorosrdquo Hermes 46161-206 321-54Laqueur R 1927 ldquoSosikrates [3]rdquo RE 3A11160-5Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheophanes [1]rdquo RE 5A22090-127Laqueur R 1934 ldquoTheopompos [9]rdquo RE 5A22176-223 Laqueur R 1936a ldquoTimagenes [3]rdquo RE 6A11063-71Laqueur R 1936b ldquoTimaios aus Tauromenion [3]rdquo RE 6A11076-203Laqueur R 1958 ldquoDiodoreardquo Hermes 86257-90Lauffer S 1959 ldquoDie Diodordublette XV 38 = 50 uumlber die Friedensschluumlsse zu
Sparta 374 and 371 vChrrdquo Historia 8315-48 Lauritano R 1957 ldquoRicerche su Filistordquo Kokalos 398-122Lausberg H 1998 Handbook of Literary Rhetoric A Foundation for Literary Study
Edited by DE Orton and R Dean Anderson Translated by MT Bliss et al Leiden
566 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Leclant J-C and F Chamoux eds 2001 Histoire et historiographie dans lrsquoAntiquiteacute Actes du 11e colloque de la Villa Keacuterylos agrave Beaulieu-sur-Mer les 13 amp 14 octobre 2000 Cahiers de la Villa laquothinspthinspKeacuterylosthinspthinspraquo 11 Paris
Lefegravevre F 2002 ldquoLe livre XVI de Diodore de Sicile observations sur la compo-sition et sur le traitement des grands personnagesrdquo REacuteG 115518-37
Lefegravevre F 2005 ldquoDiodore XVI-XVII et la documentation eacutepigraphique notes de style et drsquohistoirerdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 105-26
Lehmann GA 2001 Ansaumltze zu einer Theorie des griechischen Bundesstaates bei Aristoteles und Polybios Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Goumlttingen Philologisch-Historische Klasse 242 Goumlttingen
Lejeune M 1948 ldquoLa curiositeacute linguistique dans lrsquoantiquiteacute classiquerdquo Confeacute-rences de lrsquoInstitut de Linguistique de lrsquoUniversiteacute de Paris 845-61
Lemerle P 1966 ldquoLrsquoencyclopeacutedisme agrave Byzance agrave lrsquoapogeacutee de lrsquoEmpire et parti-culiegraverement sous Constantin VII Porphyrogeacutenegraveterdquo Cahiers drsquoHistoire mon-diale 9596-616
Lemerle P 1971 Le premier humanisme byzantin Bibliothegraveque byzantine mdash Eacutetudes 6 Paris
Lendle O 1995 Kommentar zu Xenophons Anabasis (Buumlcher 1-7) Darmstadt Lendon JE 1999 ldquoThe Rhetoric of Combat Greek Military Theory and Roman
Culture in Julius Caesarrsquos Battle Descriptionsrdquo ClAnt 18273-329Lendon JE 2009 ldquoAgainst Roman Historiographyrdquo In The Cambridge Com-
panion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 41-61 CambridgeLenfant D 1999 ldquoPeut-on se fier aux lsquofragmentsrsquo drsquohistoriens Lrsquoexemple des
citations drsquoHeacuterodoterdquo Ktegravema 24104-21Lenfant D 2004 Cteacutesias de Cnide La Perse LrsquoInde Autres Fragments ParisLenfant D ed 2007 Atheacuteneacutee et les fragments drsquohistoriens Actes du colloque de
Strasbourg 16-18 juin 2005 ParisLenfant D 2013 ldquoThe Study of Intermediate Authors and its Role in the Inter-
pretation of Historical Fragmentsrdquo AncSoc 43289-305Lens Tuero J 1992 ldquoProblems Concerning the Edition of the Fragments of
Greek Historiansrdquo StIt 10739-46Lens Tuero J ed 1994 Estudios sobre Diodoro de Sicilia GranadaLens Tuero J 1999 ldquoEl eufemismo en la laquoBiblioteca Histoacutericaraquo de Diodoro de
Siciliardquo In Studi sullrsquoeufemismo edited by F De Martino and AH Sommer-stein 393-430 Le rane Studi 26 Bari
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1993 ldquoLa geografia de Egipto en Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 61137-57
Lens Tuero J and J Campos Daroca 1997 ldquoLa geografiacutea de Asia en el libro II de la Biblioteca histoacuterica de Diodoro de Siciliardquo Emerita 6517-40
Leone PAM 1968 Ioannis Tzetzae Historiae NapoliLeopoldi H 1892 De Agatharchide Cnidio Rostock Lesky A 1957 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur BernLevi MA 1925 ldquoTimeo in Diodoro IV e Vrdquo In Raccolta di scritti in onore di
G Lumbroso 153-77 Pubblicazioni di ldquoAegyptusrdquo mdash Serie scientifica 3 Milano
BIBLIOGRAPHy 567
Leacutevy E 2001 ldquoDiodore de Sicile reacutecrivant Thucydide (DS XII 62 6-7 et 67 3-5 versus Thuc IV 12 3 et 80)rdquo Ktegravema 26333-41
Lewis S ed 2006 Ancient Tyranny EdinburghLiddel P 2008 ldquoScholarship and Morality Plutarchrsquos Use of Inscriptionsrdquo In The
Unity of Plutarchrsquos Work lsquoMoraliarsquo Themes in the lsquoLivesrsquo Features of the lsquoLivesrsquo in the lsquoMoraliarsquo Edited by AG Nikolaidis 125-37 Berlin and New york
Liddel P and A Fear eds 2010 Historiae Mundi Studies in Universal History London
Liddel P and P Low eds 2013 Inscriptions and their Uses in Greek and Latin Literature Oxford
Liverani P 2004 ldquoReimpiego senza ideologia la lettura antica degli spolia dallrsquoarco di Costantino allrsquoetagrave carolingiardquo MdI 111383-434
Livingstone N and G Nisbet 2010 Epigram GampR New Surveys in the Clas-sics 38 Cambridge
Loraux N 1982 ldquoPonos Sur quelques difficulteacutes de la peine comme nom du travailrdquo AION 4171-92
Loraux N 2011 ldquoThucydides is not a Colleaguerdquo In Marincola 2011 19-39 Originally published as ldquoThucydide nrsquoest pas un collegraveguerdquo QS 12 (1980) 55-81
Luce TJ 1991 ldquoTacitus on lsquoHistoryrsquos Highest Functionrsquo praecipuum munus annalium (Ann 365)rdquo ANRW II3342904-27
Luce TJ 1997 The Greek Historians LondonLyons EZ 2011 Hellenic Philosophers as Ambassadors to the Roman Empire
Performance Parrhesia and Power PhD diss Michigan
Ma J 2000 ldquoFighting Poleis of the Hellenistic worldrdquo In War and Violence in the Greek World edited by H van Wees 337-76 London
Ma J 2003 ldquoPeer Polity Interaction in the Hellenistic agerdquo PastPres 1809-40Ma J 2013 Statues and Cities Honorific Portraits and Civic Identity in the Hel-
lenistic World Oxford Studies in Ancient Culture and Representation OxfordMacdonald C 1966 M Tulli Ciceronis de Imperio Cn Pompei ad Quirites Oratio
LondonMacfarlane R 2007 Original Copy Plagiarism and Originality in Nineteenth-
Century Literature OxfordMackay A D Harrison and S Masters 1999 ldquoThe Bystander at the Ringside
Ring-Composition in Early Greek Poetry and Vase-Paintingrdquo In Signs of Orality The Oral Tradition and its Influence in the Greek and Roman World edited by EA Mackay 115-42 Leiden
Maier F 2012 ldquoLearning from History παρὰ δόξαν Polybiusrsquo Manifold View of the Pastrdquo Histos 6144-68
Mairs R 2012 ldquoInterpreters and translators in Hellenistic and Roman Egyptrdquo In Actes du 26 e Congregraves international de papyrologie (Genegraveve 16-21 aoucirct 2010) edited by P Schubert 457-62 Genegraveve
Mali J 2003 Mythistory The Making of a Modern Historiography Chicago IL
Malitz J 1983 Die Historien des Poseidonios Zetemata 79 Muumlnchen
568 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Malitz J 1990 ldquoDas Interesse an der Geschichte Die griechischen Historiker und ihr Publikumrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 323-49
Mallon T 1989 Stolen Words Forays into the Origins and Ravages of Plagiarism New york
Manfredi M 2001 ldquoUn nuovo frammento storicordquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 715-9Manganaro G 1967 ldquoUumlber die zwei Sklavenaufstaumlnde in Sizilienrdquo Helikon 7205-
22Mann C 2012 ldquoGleichheiten und Ungleichheiten in der hellenistischen Polis
Uumlberlegungen zum Stand der Forschungrdquo In ldquoDemokratierdquo im Hellenismus mdash von der Herrschaft des Volkes zur Herrschaft der Honoratioren edited by C Mann and P Scholz 11-27 Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 2 Mainz
Manni E 1957 ldquoDa Ippi a Diodorordquo Kokalos 3136-55Manni E 1957-58 ldquoSileno in Diodorordquo AttiPal 1881-8Manni E 1960 ldquoTimeo e Duride e la storia di Agatoclerdquo Kokalos 6167-73Manning CE 1989 ldquoStoicism and Slavery in the Roman Empirerdquo ANRW II363
1518-43Marcotte D 2001 ldquoStructure et caractegravere de lrsquoœuvre historique drsquoAgatarchiderdquo
Historia 50385-445Mari M and J Thornton eds 2013 Parole in movimento Linguaggio politico e
lessico storiografico nel mondo ellenistico Atti del Convegno Internazionale Roma 21-23 febbraio 2011 Studi Ellenistici 27 Pisa
Marincola J 1987 ldquoHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorrsquos Presencerdquo Are-thusa 20121-37
Marincola J 1997 Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography CambridgeMarincola J 1999 ldquoTacitusrsquo Prefaces and the Decline of Imperial Historiographyrdquo
Latomus 58391-404Marincola J 2000 Review of Bonnechegravere 1999 BMCR 20000109Marincola J 2005 Review of Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker CD-
ROM Edition by F Jacoby BMCR 20050837Marincola J 2006 ldquoNarratology and Greek Literaturerdquo Review of De Jong
Nuumlnlist and Bowie CR 5622-4Marincola J 2007a ldquoOdysseus and the Historiansrdquo SyllClass 181-79Marincola J ed 2007b A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography
2 vols Malden MAMarincola J 2007c ldquoUniversal History from Ephorus to Diodorusrdquo In Marincola
2007b 171-9 Marincola J 2007d ldquoSpeeches in Classical Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2007b
118-32Marincola J 2007e ldquoἀλήθειαrdquo In Lexicon historiographicum Graecum et Latinum
(LHGampL) Vol 2 edited by C Ampolo et al 7-29 PisaMarincola J 2009a ldquoAncient Audiences and Expectationsrdquo In The Cambridge
Companion to the Roman Historians edited by A Feldherr 11-23 CambridgeMarincola J 2009b ldquoHistoriographyrdquo In A Companion to Ancient History
edited by A Erskine 13-22 ChichesterMarincola J ed 2011 Greek and Roman Historiography Oxford
BIBLIOGRAPHy 569
Mariotta G 2014 ldquoAn Example of Mobility in Mythology Heraklesrsquo Journey on the Occasion of the Tenth Labourrdquo In Mobilitaumlt in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11 2011 edited by E Olshausen and V Sauer 381-8 Geographica historica 31 Stuttgart
Mariotta G and A Magnelli 2012 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica libro IV Commento storico Milano
Markle M 1994 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Sources for the Sacred War in Book 16rdquo In Ven-tures into Greek History edited by I Worthington 43-69 Oxford
Marlowe E 2006 ldquoFraming the Sun The Arch of Constantine and the Appro-priation of the Roman Cityscaperdquo ArtB 88223-42
Marquaille C 2008 ldquoThe Foreign Policy of Ptolemy IIrdquo In Ptolemy II Phila-delphus and his World edited by P McKechnie and P Guillaume 39-64 Mnemosyne Suppl 300 Leiden
Marshall AJ 1976 ldquoLibrary Resources and Creative Writing at Romerdquo Phoe-nix 30252-64
Martin H 1960 ldquoThe Concept of Prāotēs in Plutarchrsquos Livesrdquo GRBS 365-73Martin T 1981 ldquoDiodorus on Philip II and Thessaly in the 350s BCrdquo CP 76188-
201Martiacutenez-Pinna J 2011 ldquoDiodoro Siacuteculo y los reyes de Romardquo Gerioacuten 29107-
21 Mason S with H Chapman 2008 Flavius Josephus Judean War Vol 2 Trans-
lation and Commentary LeidenMatsubara T 1998 Diodorus Siculus on the Late Roman Republic PhD diss
EdinburghMattingly HB 1975 ldquoThe Consilium of Cn Pompeius Strabo in 89 BCrdquo
Athenaeum 83262-6Mattingly HB 1997 ldquoThe Date and Significance of the Lex Antonia de
Termessibusrdquo Scholia 668-78Mauersberger A 1956-2002 Polybios-Lexicon 3 vols BerlinMayor A 2000 The First Fossil Hunters Princeton NJMazzarino S 1966 Il pensiero storico classico 3 vols BariMazzucchi CM 1979 ldquoAlcune vicende della tradizione di Cassio Dione in
epoca bizantinardquo Aevum 5394-139 McCormack S 1981 Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity BerkeleyMcCoy B 2003 ldquoChiasmus An Important Structural Device Commonly Found
in Biblical Literaturerdquo Chafer Theological Journal 9218-34 McDougall JI 1983 Lexicon in Diodorum Siculum 2 vols HildesheimMcGill S 2005 Vergil Recomposed OxfordMcGill S 2012 Plagiarism in Latin Literature CambridgeMcGushin P 1977 C Sallustius Crispus Bellum Catilinae A Commentary
LeidenMcNeill WH 1986 Mythistory and Other Essays Chicago ILMeeus A 2012 ldquoDiodorus and the Chronology of the Third Diadoch Warrdquo
Phoenix 6674-96
570 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Meiggs R and D Lewis 1988 A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century BC Oxford
Meister K 1967 Die sizilische Geschichte bei Diodor von den Anfaumlngen bis zum Tod des Agathokles Quellenuntersuchungen zu Buch IV-XXI Muumlnchen
Meister K 1973-74 ldquoAbsurde Polemik bei Diodorrdquo Helikon 13-14454-9Meister K 1990 Die griechische Geschichtsschreibung von den Anfaumlngen bis zu
dem Ende des Hellenismus StuttgartMeyer E 1909 Theopomps Hellenika Halle Milani C 1999 ldquoIl lessico dellrsquoopposizione politica nel mondo anticordquo In Fazioni
e congiure nel mondo antico edited by M Sordi 3-22 CISA 25 MilanoMiles MM 2008 Art as Plunder the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural
Property CambridgeMileta C 1998a ldquoVerschwoumlrung oder Eruption Diodor und die byzantinischen
Exzerptoren uumlber den Ersten Sizilischen Sklavenkriegrdquo In Dissertatiunculae criticae Festschrift fuumlr Guumlnther Christian Hansen edited by CF Collatz J Dummer J Kollesch and ML Werlitz 133-54 Wuumlrzburg
Mileta C 1998b ldquoQuellenkritische Beobachtungen zur Vorgeschichte und zur Natur der Sizilischen Sklavenkriege in den Diodor-Fragmentenrdquo In Akten des 6 Oumlsterreichischen Althistorikertages 21-23111996 Institut fuumlr Alte Geschichte der Universitaumlt Innsbruck edited by PW Haider and P Amann 91-112 Innsbruck
Miller PC 1998 ldquolsquoDifferential Networksrsquo Relics and other Fragments in Late Antiquityrdquo JECS 6113-38
Milns RD 1966 ldquoAlexanderrsquos Macedonian Cavalry and Diodorus XVII 174rdquo JHS 86167-8
Milns RD 1982 ldquoA Note on Diodorus and Macedonian Military Terminology in Book XVIIrdquo Historia 31123-6
Miltner F 1952 ldquoPompeius [31]rdquo RE 2122062-211Minchin E 1995 ldquoRing-Patterns and Ring-Composition Some Observations
on the Framing of Stories in Homerrdquo Helios 2223-35Minchin E 2001 Homer and the Resources of Memory Some Applications of
Cognitive Theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey OxfordMoles JL 1993 ldquoTruth and Untruth in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Lies
and Fiction in the Ancient World edited by C Gill and TP Wiseman 88-121 Exeter
Moles JL 1994 Review of Bertrac Chamoux and Verniegravere CR 44272-4Moles JL 1999 ldquoAnathema kai ktema the Inscriptional Inheritance of Ancient
Historiographyrdquo Histos 327-69Moles JL 2009 ldquoLivyrsquos Prefacerdquo In Livy edited by JD Chaplin and CS Kraus
49-87 Oxford Originally published in PCPS 39 (1993) 141-68Moumlller A 2005 ldquoEpoch-making Eratosthenesrdquo GRBS 45245-60Momigliano AD 1941 Review of Science and Politics in the Ancient World by
Benjamin Farrington JRS 31149-57Momigliano AD 1942 ldquoTerra mariquerdquo JRS 3253-64Momigliano AD 1966 Studies in Historiography New yorkMomigliano AD 1971 The Development of Greek Biography Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 571
Momigliano AD 1972 ldquoTradition and the Classical Historianrdquo HampT 11279-93
Momigliano AD 1973 ldquoFreedom of Speech in Antiquityrdquo In Dictionary of the History of Ideas Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas edited by PP Wiener vol 2 252-63 New york
Momigliano AD 1975 Alien Wisdom The Limits of Hellenization Cambridge Momigliano AD 1977 Essays in Ancient and Modern Historiography OxfordMomigliano AD 1978 ldquoThe Historians of the Classical World and their Audi-
ences Some Suggestionsrdquo ANSP ser III 859-75Momigliano AD 1982 ldquoThe Origins of Universal Historyrdquo ASNP 12533-60Mommsen T 1859 Die roumlmische Chronologie bis auf Caesar BerlinMommsen T 1887-88 Roumlmisches Staatsrecht 3 vols LeipzigMontiglio S 2011 From Villain to Hero Odysseus in Ancient Thought Ann
Arbor MIMorpurgo Davies A 2002 ldquoThe Greek Notion of Dialectrdquo In Greeks and Bar-
barians edited by T Harrison 153-71 Edinburgh Originally published in Verbum 10 (1987) 7-27
Morson GS 1994 Narrative and Freedom The Shadows of Time New Haven CT
Morstein-Marx R 1995 Hegemony to Empire The Development of the Roman Imperium in the East from 148 to 62 BC Hellenistic Culture and Society 15 Berkeley CA
Mosshammer AA 1979 The Chronicle of Eusebius and Greek Chronographic Tradition Lewisburg PA
Mosshammer AA 2006 ldquoThe Christian Era of Julius Africanus with an Excursus on Olympiad Chronologyrdquo In Julius Africanus und die christliche Weltchronistik edited by M Wallraff 45-60 Texte und Untersuchungen 157 Berlin
Most GW ed 1997 Collecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Muccioli F 2005 ldquoAspetti della translatio imperii in Diodoro le dinastie degli Antigonidi e dei Seleucidirdquo In Bearzot and Landucci [Gattinoni] 183-221
Muumlller RJ 1993 ldquoUumlberlegungen zur Ἱερὰ ἀναγραφή des Euhemeros von Mes-senerdquo Hermes 121276-300
Munson R 2012 ldquoHerodotus and the Heroic Age The Case of Minosrdquo In Myth Truth and Narrative in Herodotus ed E Baragwanath and M de Bakker 195-212 Oxford
Muntz CE 2011 ldquoThe Sources of Diodorus Siculus Book 1rdquo CQ 61574- 94
Muntz CE 2012 ldquoDiodorus and Megasthenes A Reappraisalrdquo CP 10721-37
Muntz CE 2017 Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic Oxford
Muumlnzer F 1900a ldquoCornelius [204]rdquo RE 4A1375Muumlnzer F 1900b ldquoCornelius [238]rdquo RE 4A1392-8Murphy J 1993 ldquoPompeyrsquos Eastern Actardquo AHB 7136-42
572 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Murphy T 2004 Pliny the Elderrsquos Natural History The Empire in the Encyclo-pedia Oxford
Murray O 1965 ldquoPhilodemus on the Good King according to Homerrdquo JRS 55161-82
Murray O 1970 ldquoHecataeus of Abdera and Pharaonic Kingshiprdquo JEA 56141-71Murray O 1972 ldquoHerodotus and Hellenistic Culturerdquo CQ 22200-13Murray O 1992 ldquoFalaride tra mito e storiardquo In Agrigento e la Sicilia greca Atti
della settimana di studio Agrigento 28 maggio 1988 edited by L Braccesi and E de Miro 47-60 Roma
Murray O 2007 ldquoPhilosophy and Monarchy in the Hellenistic Worldrdquo In Jewish Perspectives on Hellenistic Rulers edited by T Rajak et al 13-28 Hel-lenistic Culture and Society 50 Berkeley CA
Naas V 2002 Le project encyclopeacutedique de Pline lrsquoAncien CEacuteFR 303 RomaNachmanson E 1941 Der griechische Buchtitel Einige Beobachtungen StockholmNadel GH 1964 ldquoPhilosophy of History before Historicismrdquo HampT 3291-
315Naiden F 2006 Ancient Supplication OxfordNeacutemeth A 2010 Imperial Systematization of the Past Emperor Constantine VII
and his Excerpts PhD diss BudapestNeubert R 1890 Spuren selbstaumlndinger Thaumltigkeit bei Diodor BautzenNiccolini G 1934 I fasti dei tribuni della plebe MilanoNicolai R 1999 ldquoPolibio interprete di Tucidide la teoria dei discorsirdquo
SemRom 2281-301Nicolai R 2007 ldquoThe Place of History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Marincola
2007b vol 1 13-26Nicolai R 2008 ldquoLa terminologia delle parti politiche ateniesi fra VI e V sec aCrdquo
In ldquoPartitirdquo e fazioni nellrsquoesperienza politica greca edited by C Bearzot and F Landucci 3-31 CISA 6 Milano
Nicosia S 1976 Tradizione testuale diretta e indiretta dei poeti di Lesbo RomaNiebuhr BG 1847-51 Historische und philologische Vortraumlge an der Universitaumlt
zu Bonn gehalten II Abtheilung Alte Geschichte nach Justins Folge mit Aus-schluszlig der roumlmischen Geschichte Vortraumlge uumlber alte Geschichte an der Universitaumlt zu Bonn gehalten edited by M Niebuhr 3 vols Berlin
Nissen H 1863 Kritische Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der vierten und fuumlnf-ten Dekade des Livius Berlin
Nock AD 1928 ldquoNotes on Ruler-Cult I-IVrdquo JHS 4821-43Nock AD 1959 ldquoPosidoniusrdquo JRS 491-15Nuumlnlist R 2009 The Ancient Critic at Work Terms and Concepts of Literary
Criticism in Greek Scholia Cambridge
Ober J 1996 The Athenian Revolution Essays on Greek Democracy and Political Theory Princeton NJ
Oldfather CH et al ed and trans 1933-67 Diodoros of Sicily The Library of History 12 vols Loeb Classical Library Cambridge MA
BIBLIOGRAPHy 573
Pais E 1920 Fasti triumphales populi romani 2 vols RomaPalm J 1955 Uumlber Sprache und Stil des Diodoros von Sizilien Ein Beitrag zur
Beleuchtung der hellenistischen Prosa LundPalombi D 1996 ldquoMinerva Delubrumrdquo LTUR 3253-4Papanikolaou D 2009 ldquoThe Aretalogy of Isis from Maroneia and the Question
of Hellenistic lsquoAsianismrsquordquo ZPE 16859-70Pareti L 1965 ldquoDue questioni sulla prima guerra servilerdquo In Studi minori di
storia antica Vol 3 57-72 Roma First published in Archivo storico per la Sicilia orientale 16-17 (1919-20) 231-47
Parker V 1993 ldquoThe Chronology of the Pentacontaetia from 465 to 456 BCrdquo Athenaeum 71129-47
Parker V 2003 ldquoSparta Amyntas and the Olynthians in 383 BC A Comparison of Xenophon and Diodorosrdquo RhM 146113-37
Parker V 2004 ldquoThe Historian Ephorus his Selection of Sourcesrdquo Antich-thon 3829-50
Parker V 2009 ldquoSource-Critical Reflections on Cleitarchusrsquo Work and Daterdquo In Alexander and his Successors Essays from the Antipodes edited by P Wheat-ley and R Hannah 28-57 Claremont CA
Parker V 2011 ldquoEphoros (70)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Worthington Brill Online
Parker V 2014 A History of Greece 1300-30 BC Malden MA Parmeggiani G 2011 Eforo di Cuma Studi di storiografia greca BolognaParmeggiani G 2014 ldquoOn the Translation of Polybius 112rdquo Histos 8180-8Parmentier E 2002 ldquoLes fragments de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse attribueacutes agrave Nicolas
de Damas Recherches sur la composition des Excerpta constantiniensrdquo In Pittia 2002b 461-79
Paton WR 1922 Polybius The Histories Vol 2 Books III-IV Cambridge MAPatterson LE 2010 Kinship Myth in Ancient Greece Austin TXPausch D ed 2010a Stimmen der Geschichte Funktionen von Reden in der anti-
ken Historiographie Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 284 BerlinPausch D 2010b ldquolsquoUnd seine Worte waren ungefaumlhr die folgenden rsquo Reden
in der antiken Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Verwendung und Problemati-sierungrdquo In Fremde Rede mdash eigene Rede Zitieren und verwandte Strategien in antiker Prosa edited by U Tischer and A Binternagel 35-57 Frankfurt
Pavan M 1961 ldquoLa teoresi storica di Diodoro Siculordquo RendLinc 1619-52 117- 51
Pavan M 1991 ldquoOsservazioni su Diodoro Polibio e la storiografia ellenisticardquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 5-16
Pearson L 1984 ldquoEphorus and Timaeus in Diodorus Laqueurrsquos Thesis Rejectedrdquo Historia 331-20
Pearson L 1986 ldquoThe Speeches in Timaeusrsquo Historyrdquo AJP 107350-68Pearson L 1987 The Greek Historians of the West Timaios and his Predecessors
Atlanta GAPearson L 1991 ldquoThe Character of Timaiosrsquo History as it is Revealed by Dio-
dorusrdquo In Galvagno and Moleacute Ventura 17-30
574 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Peacutedech P 1956 ldquoLa geacuteographie de Polybe structure et contenu du livre XXXIV des Histoiresrdquo LEC 243-24
Peacutedech P 1964 La meacutethode historique de Polybe ParisPelling CBR 1992 ldquoPlutarch and Thucydidesrdquo In Plutarch and the Historical
Tradition edited by PA Stadter 10-40 LondonPelling CBR 1997 ldquoBiographical History Cassius Dio on the Early Principaterdquo
In Portraits Biographical Representation in the Greek and Latin Literature of the Roman Empire edited by MJ Edwards and SCR Swain 117-44 Oxford
Pelling CBR 2000 ldquoFun with Fragments Athenaeus and the Historiansrdquo In Braund and Wilkins 171-90
Peremans W 1967 ldquoDiodore de Sicile et Agatharchide de Cniderdquo Historia 16432-55
Peacuterez Jimeacutenez A 2002 ldquoExemplum the Paradigmatic Education of the Ruler in the Lives of Plutarchrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 105-14
Pernot L 2005 Rhetoric in Antiquity Translated by WE Higgins Washington DC
Perrin y ed 2010 Neronia 8 Bibliothegraveques livres et culture eacutecrite dans lrsquoempire romain de Ceacutesar agrave Hadrien Actes du VIIIe Colloque international de la SIEN (Paris 2-4 octobre 2008) Bruxelles
Pesely GE 1985 ldquoThe Speech of Endius in Diodorus Siculus 13523-8rdquo CP 80320-1
Petrain D 2005 ldquoGems Metapoetics and Vale Greek and Roman Responses to a Third-Century Discourse on Precious Stonesrdquo TAPA 135329-57
Petrovic A 2007 Kommentar zu den Simonideischen Versinschriften Mnemos-yne Suppl 282 Leiden
Petrovic A 2010 ldquoTrue Lies of Athenian Public Epigramsrdquo In Baumbach Petrovic and Petrovic 202-15
Petrovic A 2013 ldquoInscribed Epigrams in Orators Epigrammatic Schools Epi-grammatic Collectionsrdquo In Liddel and Low 197-213
Philip JA 1966 Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism TorontoPiccione RM 2002 ldquoEncyclopeacutedisme et lsquoenkyklios paideiarsquo agrave propos de Jean
Stobeacutee et de lrsquoAnthologionrdquo PhilosAnt 2169-97Piccirilli L 2000 ldquoDiodoro tra biografia e storiardquo StIt 18112-8Pinney T 1976 The Letters of Thomas Babbington Macaulay Vol 3 January
1834-August 1841 CambridgePinzone A 1998 ldquoPer un commento alla Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculordquo
MediterrAnt 1443-84Pitcher LV 2007 Review of Schepens and Bollanseacutee BMCR 20070862Pitcher LV 2009 Writing Ancient History An Introduction to Classical Historio-
graphy Library of Classical Studies 1 LondonPittia S 2002a ldquoPour un nouveau classement des fragments historiques de
Denys drsquoHalicarnasse (Antiquiteacutes Romaines livres 14-20)rdquo In Pittia 2002b 85-227
Pittia S ed 2002b Fragments drsquohistoriens grecs Autour de Denys drsquoHalicarnasse CEacuteFR 298 Roma
BIBLIOGRAPHy 575
Pittia S 2006 ldquoLa fiabiliteacute des fragments drsquoAppien sur lrsquohistoire diplomatique et militaire de Rome aux IVe-IIIe siegraveclesrdquo In Guerre et diplomatie romaines (IV e-III e siegravecles av J-C) Pour un reacuteexamen des sources edited by E Caire and S Pittia 113-35 Aix-en-Provence
Pobjoy M 2000 ldquoBuilding Inscriptions in Republican Italy Euergetism Responsibility and Civic Virtuerdquo In The Epigraphic Landscape of Roman Italy edited by A Cooley 77-92 BICS Suppl 73 London
Poccetti P 1986 ldquoLat bilinguisrdquo AION (ling) 8193-205Poccetti P 2012 ldquoLanguage Relations in Sicily Evidence for the Speech of the
Σικανοί the Σικελοί and Othersrdquo In Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily edited by O Tribulato 49-94 Cambridge
Porciani L 2013 ldquoAspetti della nozione di laquocomuneraquo laquocollettivoraquo e laquogeneraleraquo tra politica societagrave e storiografia un profilo di κοινόςrdquo In Mari and Thorn-ton 375-83
Porod R 2013 Lukians Schrift lsquoWie man Geschichte schreiben sollrsquo Kommentar und Interpretation Wien
Pothecary S 1997 ldquoThe Expression lsquoOur Timesrsquo in Straborsquos Geographyrdquo CP 92235-46
Potter DS 1999 Literary Texts and the Roman Historian LondonPowell A and K Welch eds 2002 Sextus Pompeius LondonPowell JE 1960 A Lexicon to Herodotus HildesheimPownall F 2004 Lessons from the Past The Moral Use of History in Fourth-Century
Prose Ann Arbor MI Pownall F 2006 ldquoRationalization as a Moral Tool Ephorus and the Foundation
of the Delphic Oraclerdquo Mouseion 6353-69Pownall F 2008 ldquoTheopompus and the Public Documentation of Fifth-Century
Athensrdquo In Epigraphy and the Greek Historian edited by C Cooper 119-28 Phoenix Suppl 47 Toronto
Prandi L 1985 Callistene Uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni MilanoPrandi L 1992 ldquoIl passato nellrsquoopera di Clitarcordquo AncSoc 2387-103Prandi L 1996 Fortuna e realtagrave dellrsquoopera di Clitarco Historia Einzelschr 104
StuttgartPrandi L 2012 ldquoNew Evidence for the Dating of Cleitarchus (P Oxy LXXI
4808)rdquo Histos 615-26Prandi L 2013 Diodoro Siculo Biblioteca storica Libro XVII Commento storico
MilanoPrentice WK 1927 ldquoThucydides and Cratippusrdquo CP 22399-408Priestley J 2014 Herodotos and Hellenistic Culture Literary Studies in the Recep-
tion of the Histories OxfordPrieto Domiacutenguez Oacute 2008 ldquoTeoriacutea y esteacutetica griegas sobre el centoacuten literariordquo
RCCM 50111-38Pritchett WK 1975 Dionysius of Halicarnassus On Thucydides Berkeley CAProntera F 1989 ldquoGeacuteographie et mythes dans lrsquolsquoisolariorsquo des Grecsrdquo In Geacuteogra-
phie du monde au Moyen Age et agrave la Renaissance edited by M Pelletier 169-79 Paris
576 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Raaflaub K 2004 The Discovery of Freedom in Ancient Greece Chicago ILRadicke J 1995 Die Rede des Demosthenes fuumlr die Freiheit der Rhodier (or 15)
StuttgartRance P 2009 ldquoHannibal Elephants and Turrets in Suda Θ 438 [Polybius
FR 162B] mdash An Unidentified Fragment of Diodorosrdquo CQ 5991-111Rathbone DW 1990 ldquoVillages Land and Population in Graeco-Roman Egyptrdquo
PCPS 36103-42Rathke G 1904 De Romanorum Bellis Servilibus Berlin Rathmann M 2014 ldquoDiodor und seine Quellen Zur Kompilationstechnik des
Historiographenrdquo In The Age of the Successors and the Creation of the Hel-lenistic Kingdoms (323-276 BC) edited by H Hauben and A Meeus 49-113 Studia Hellenistica 53 Leuven
Rathmann M 2016 Diodor und seine ldquoBibliothekerdquo Weltgeschichte aus der Provinz Klio Beihefte nf 27 Berlin
Raubitschek AE 1954 ldquoEpigraphical Notes on Julius Caesarrdquo JRS 4465-75Rawson E 1985 Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic Baltimore MDRawson E 1989 ldquoRoman Rulers and the Philosophic Adviserrdquo In Griffin and
Barnes 233-57Rebenich S 1997 ldquoHistorical Proserdquo In Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the
Hellenistic Period 330 BC-AD 400 edited by SE Porter 264-337 LeidenReid [Rubincam] C 1969 Diodoros and his Sources PhD diss HarvardReinhardt K 1953 ldquoPoseidoniosrdquo RE 22A558-826Reinhardt K 1954 Poseidonios von Apameia der Rhodier genannt StuttgartReinhardt K 1976 Poseidonios 2 vols Hildesheim Original edition Muumlnchen
1921-1926 Rengakos A 2004 ldquoStrategien der Geschichtsdarstellung bei Herodot und
Thukydides oder Vom Ursprung der Historiographie aus dem Geist des Eposrdquo In Geschichtsdarstellung Medien mdash Methode mdash Strategien edited by V Borsograve 73-100 Koumlln
Rhodes PJ and RG Osborne 2003 Greek Historical Inscriptions 404-323 BC Oxford
Rice D 1974 ldquoAgesilaus Agesipolis and Spartan Politics 386-379 BCrdquo Histo-ria 23164-82
Rice P 2006 Maya Calendar Origins Monuments Mythistory and the Materiali-zation of Time Austin TX
Riggsby AM 2006 Caesar in Gaul and Rome War in Words Austin TXRihll TE 1999 Greek Science GaR New Surveys in the Classics 29 OxfordRing A 2010 ldquoHeraclean Historiansrdquo SyllClass 2135-64Rizzo FP 1976 ldquoPosidonio nei frammenti diodorei sulla prima Guerra servile di
Siciliardquo In Studi di storia antica offerti dagli allievi a Eugenio Manni 259-93 Roma
Robert J and L Robert 1958 ldquoBulletin eacutepigraphiquerdquo REacuteG 71169-363Roberto U 2009 ldquoByzantine Collections of Late Antique Authors Some
Remarks on the Excerpta historica Constantinianardquo In Die Kestoi des Julius
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Africanus und ihre Uumlberlieferung edited by M Wallraff and L Mecella 71-84 Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur 164 Berlin
Roberts M 1989 The Jeweled Style Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity Ithaca NyRochette B 1997 ldquoLes armeacutees drsquoAlexandre le Grand et les langues eacutetrangegraveresrdquo
AntCl 66311-8Rochette B 2010 ldquoGreek and Latin Bilingualismrdquo In A Companion to the
Ancient Greek Language edited by EJ Bakker 281-93 Malden MARoisman J 1984 ldquoPtolemy and His Rivals in His History of Alexanderrdquo
CQ 34373-85Roisman J 2012 Alexanderrsquos Veterans and the Early Wars of the Successors Austin
TXRoller DW 2006 The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene LondonRoller DW 2008a ldquoJuba II of Mauretania (275)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited
by I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2008b ldquoMegasthenes (715)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by
I Worthington Brill onlineRoller DW 2010 Eratosthenesrsquo Geography Princeton NJRood T 1998 Thucydides Narrative and Explanation OxfordRood T 2004a ldquoThucydidesrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 115-28Rood T 2004b ldquoPolybiosrdquo In De Jong Nuumlnlist and Bowie 147-64Rosen K 1967 ldquoPolitical Documents in Hieronymus of Cardia (323-302 BC)rdquo
AClass 1041-94Rosen K 1968 ldquoDie Buumlndnisformen der Diadochen und der Zerfall des Alex-
anderreichesrdquo AClass 11182-210Ross SA 2005 ldquoBarbarophonos Language and Panhellenism in the Iliadrdquo
CP 100299-316Rubincam C 1976 ldquoA Note on Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 1610rdquo Phoenix 30357-66Rubincam C 1987 ldquoThe Organisation and Composition of Diodorosrsquo Biblio-
thekerdquo EMCCV 31313-28Rubincam C 1989 ldquoCross-References in the Bibliotheke Historike of Diodorosrdquo
Phoenix 4339-61Rubincam C 1992 ldquoThe Nomenclature of Julius Caesar and the Later Augus-
tus in the Triumviral Periodrdquo Historia 4188-103Rubincam C 1997 ldquoThe Organization of Material in Graeco-Roman World His-
toriesrdquo In Pre-Modern Encyclopedic Texts Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress July 1-4 1996 edited by P Binkley 127-36 Brillrsquos studies in intel-lectual history 79 Leiden
Rubincam C 1998a ldquoDid Diodorus Siculus Take Over Cross-References from his Sourcesrdquo AJP 11967-87
Rubincam C 1998b ldquoHow Many Books did Diodorus Siculus Originally Intend to Writerdquo CQ 48229-33
Rubincam C 1998c ldquoNew Approaches to the Study of Diodorus Facilitated by Electronic Textsrdquo MediterrAnt 1505-13
578 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Rubincam C 2001 ldquoThe Topography of Pylos and Sphakteria and Thucydidesrsquo Measurements of Distancerdquo JHS 12177-90
Rubincam C 2009 Review of Ambaglio Landucci [Gattinoni] and Bravi BMCR 20091203
Rubincam C 2010 Review of Ambaglio 2008b BMCR 20101214Ruffing K 2011 ldquoKtesiasrsquo Indienbilderrdquo In Ktesiasrsquo WeltCtesiasrsquo World edited by
J Wiesehoumlfer R Rollinger and G Lanfranchi 351-66 Classica et Orientalia 1 Wiesbaden
Ruschenbusch E 1980 ldquoTheopompea ἀντιπολιτεύεσθαιrdquo ZPE 2981-90Ruschenbusch E 1993 ldquoDer Endpunkt der Historien des Poseidoniosrdquo Hermes
12170-6Russell A 2012 ldquoAemilius Paullus Sees Greece Travel Vision and Power in
Polybiusrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 154-69 Oxford
Russell DA 1988 ldquoThe Ass in the Lionrsquos Skin Thoughts on the Letters of Phalarisrdquo JHS 10894-106
Rusten JS 1982 Dionysius Scytobrachion Papyrologica Coloniensia 10 OpladenRyder TTB 1994 ldquoThe Diplomatic Skills of Philip IIrdquo In Ventures into Greek
History edited by I Worthington 228-57 Oxford
Sacks KS 1981a Polybius on the Writing of History Berkeley CASacks KS 1981b ldquoThe Lesser Prooemia of Diodorus Siculusrdquo Hermes 110434-
41Sacks KS 1986 ldquoRhetoric and Speeches in Hellenistic Historiographyrdquo Athe-
naeum 64383-95Sacks KS 1990 Diodorus Siculus and the First Century Princeton NJSacks KS 1994 ldquoDiodoros and his Sources Conformity and Creativityrdquo In
Hornblower 1994b 213-32Sacks KS 1998 ldquoDating Diodorusrsquo Bibliothekerdquo MediterrAnt 1437-42Sadness K 2011 The Gospel According to Homer and Virgil Leiden Sanders LJ 1981 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuserdquo Historia 30
394-411Sanders LJ 1987 Dionysius I of Syracuse and Greek Tyranny LondonSanders LJ 1988 ldquoThe Dionysian Narrative of Diodorus 15rdquo Hermes 11654-
63Santangelo F 2007 ldquoPrediction and Divination in Diodorusrdquo DHA 33115-
26Sartori M 1983 ldquoNote sulla datazione dei primi libri della Bibliotheca Historica
di Diodoro Siculordquo Athenaeum 71545-52Sartori M 1984 ldquoStoria lsquoutopiarsquo e mito nei primi libri della Biblioteca Storicardquo
Athenaeum 62492-536Saxonhouse AW 2006 Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens Cam-
bridgeScardino C 2007 Gestaltung und Funktion der Reden bei Herodot und Thukydides
Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 250 Berlin
BIBLIOGRAPHy 579
Scardino C 2012 ldquoIndirect Discourse in Herodotus and Thucydidesrdquo In Thucydides and Herodotus edited by E Foster and D Lateiner 67-96 Oxford
Scardino C 2014 ldquoHistoriographierdquo In Handbuch der griechischen Literatur der Antike Vol 2 Die Literatur der klassischen und hellenistischen Zeit edited by B Zimmermann and A Rengakos 617-77 Handbuch der Altertumswissen-schaft 72 Muumlnchen
Scarpa Bonazza Buora A 1984 Libertagrave e tirannide in un discorso lsquosiracusanorsquo di Diodoro Siculo Roma
Schaumlfer C 2002 Eumenes von Kardia und der Kampf um die Macht im Alexan-derreich Frankfurter althistorische Beitraumlge 9 Frankfurt am Main
Scheer T 2014 ldquoHeyne und der griechische Mythosrdquo In Christian Gottlob Heyne Werk und Leistung nach 200 Jahren edited by B Baumlbler and H-G Nesselrath 1-28 Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Goumlttingen nf 32 Berlin
Scheid J 1991 ldquoNouveaux eacuteleacutements concernant les fastes des fregraveres arvalesrdquo In Epigrafia Actes du Colloque international drsquoeacutepigraphie latine en meacutemoire de Attilio Degrassi pour le centenaire de sa naissance Rome 27-28 mai 1988 75-92 CEacuteFR 143 Roma
Scheidel W 1996 ldquoFinances Figures and Fictionrdquo CQ 46222-38Schenkeveld DM 1976 ldquoStrabo on Homerrdquo Mnemosyne 2952-64Schepens G 1971 ldquoArrianrsquos View of his Task as Alexander Historianrdquo AncSoc 2254-
68Schepens G 1978 ldquoPolybios on Timaiosrsquo Account of Phalarisrsquo Bull a Case of
δεισιδαιμονίαrdquo AncSoc 9117-48Schepens G 1990 ldquoPolemic and Methodology in Polybiusrsquo Book XIIrdquo In Ver-
din Schepens and De Keyser 39-61Schepens G 1997 ldquoJacobyrsquos FGrHist Problems Methods Prospectsrdquo In Col-
lecting Fragments Fragmente Sammeln ed GW Most 144-72 Aporemata 1 Goumlttingen
Schepens G 1998 ldquoGeschiedschrijving als Pyrrhusoverwinning enkele reflecties vanuit de antieke historiografierdquo In De lectuur van het verleden opstellen over de geschiedenis van de geschiedschrijving aangeboden aan Reginald de Schryver edited by J Tollebeek et al 89-107 Leuven
Schepens G 2000 ldquoProbleme der Fragmentedition (Fragmente der griechi-schen Historiker)rdquo In Vom Text zum Buch edited by C Reitz 1-29 Subsidia classica 3 St Katharinen
Schepens G 2001 ldquoTimocratesrsquo Money Ancient and Modern Controversiesrdquo In Bianchetti et al Vol 2 1195-218
Schepens G 2006 ldquoTravelling Greek Historiansrdquo In Le vie della storia migra-zioni di popoli viaggi di individui circolazione di idee nel Mediterraneo antico Atti del II Incontro internazionale di storia antica (Genova 6-8 ottobre 2004) edited by MG Angeli Bertinelli and A Donati 83-102 Serta Antiqua et Mediaevalia 9 Roma
Schepens G 2007 ldquoZum Verhaumlltnis von Biographie und Geschichtsschreibung in hellenistischer Zeitrdquo In Die griechische Biographie in hellenistischer Zeit
580 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Akten des internationalen Kongresses vom 26-29 Juli 2006 in Wuumlrzburg edited by M Erler and S Schorn 335-61 Beitraumlge zur Altertumskunde 245 Berlin
Schepens G 2008 ldquoTesti storici riutilizzati Strategie del commento ai fram-menti storici grecirdquo In Strategie del commento a testi greci e latini edited by P Volpe and P Esposito 51-70
Schepens G 2011 ldquoSome Aspects of Source Theory in Greek Historiographyrdquo In Marincola 2011 100-18 Originally published in AncSoc 6 (1975) 257-74
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee 2004 ldquoMyths on the Origins of Peoples and the Birth of Universal Historyrdquo In Historia y mito El pasado legendario como fuente de autoridad edited by JM Candau Moron FJ Gonzaacutelez Ponce and G Cruz Andreotti 57-75 Malaga
Schepens G and J Bollanseacutee eds 2005 The Shadow of Polybios Intertextuality as a Research Tool in Greek Historiography Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leuven September 21-22 2001 Studia Hellenistica 42 Leuven
Schiano C 2010 Artemidoro di Efeso e la scienza del suo tempo Paradosis 16 BariSchilling R 1977 Pline lrsquoancien Histoire naturelle Livre VII Collection des
Universiteacutes de France ParisSchmalzriedt E 1970 Peri Physeos Zur Fruumlhgeschichte der Buchtitel MuumlnchenSchmid W and O Staumlhlin 1920 Geschichte der griechischen Literatur II Die
nachklassische Periode der griechischen Literatur Vol 1 Von 320 vor Christus bis 100 nach Christus Handbuch der Alterumswissenschaft VII II1 Muumlnchen
Schmitt O 1992 Der Lamische Krieg BonnSchmitz TA 1994 ldquoIst die Odyssee lsquospannendrsquo Anmerkungen zur Erzaumlhltech-
nik des homerischen Eposrdquo Philologus 1383-23Schmitz TA 2011 ldquoThe Image of Athens in Diodorus Siculusrdquo In Schmitz and
Wiater 2011a 235-51Schmitz TA and N Wiater eds 2011a The Struggle for Identity Greeks and
their Past in the First Century BCE StuttgartSchmitz TA and N Wiater 2011b ldquoIntroduction Approaching Greek Iden-
tityrdquo In Schmitz and Wiater 2011a 15-45Schofield M 2009 ldquoRepublican Virtuesrdquo In A Companion to Greek and Roman
Political Thought edited by RK Balot 199-213 ChichesterSchorn S 2014a ldquoHistoriographie Biographie und Enkomion Theorie der Bio-
graphie und Historiographie bei Diodor und Polybiosrdquo RivStorAnt 44135-62Schorn S 2014b ldquoPythagoras in the Historical Tradition from Herodotus to
Diodorus Siculusrdquo In A History of Pythagoreanism edited by CA Huffman 296-314 Cambridge
Schroumlder B-J 1999 Titel und Text Zur Entwicklung lateinischer Gedichtuumlber-schriften Mit Untersuchungen zu lateinischen Buchtiteln Inhaltsverzeichnissen und anderen Gliederungsmitteln Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 54 Berlin
Schumrick A 1909 Observationes ad rem librariam pertinentes De σύνταξις σύνταγμα πραγματεία ὑπόμνημα vocabulis Marburg
Schuumlrer E 1985-98 Storia del popolo giudaico al tempo di Gesugrave Cristo (175 aC-135 dC) 4 vols Brescia
BIBLIOGRAPHy 581
Schwartz E 1885 ldquoHekataeus von Teosrdquo RhM 40223-62Schwartz E 1903 ldquoDiodoros von Agyrion [38]rdquo RE 51663-704Schwartz E 1905a ldquoDosiadas 2rdquo RE 52 1598Schwartz E 1905b ldquoDuris von Samosrdquo RE 521853-6Schwartz E 1907 ldquoEphorosrdquo RE 611-16Seager R 1981 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia From Alexander to Antio-
chusrdquo CQ 31106-12Seager R 2002 Pompey the Great A Political Biography 2nd ed OxfordSeager R and C Tuplin 1980 ldquoThe Freedom of the Greeks of Asia on the
Origins and Creation of a Sloganrdquo JHS 100141-54 Sedley D 1989 ldquoPhilosophical Allegiance in the Greco-Roman Worldrdquo In Grif-
fin and Barnes 97-119Seel O 1955 Die praefatio des Pompeius Trogus Erlanger Forschungen A Geis-
teswissenschaften 3 ErlangenSeibert J 1983 Das Zeitalter der Diadochen Ertraumlge der Forschung 185 Darm-
stadtSekunda N 2011 ldquoLaosthenidas (462)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineSenk H 1951 ldquoAu sujet de lrsquoexpression συμμετρία dans Diodore I 98 5-9rdquo
ChrEacuteg 2663-6Shackleton Bailey DR 1965-70 Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum 7 vols CambridgeShackleton Bailey DR 1977 Cicero Epistulae ad Familiares 2 vols CambridgeSheridan B 2010 ldquoDiodorusrsquo Reading of Polybiusrsquo Universalismrdquo In Liddel
and Fear 41-55Sherwin-White AN 1980 ldquoThe Opening of the Mithridatic Warrdquo In Φιλίας
Χάριν Miscellanea di studi classici in onore di Eugenio Manni edited by MJ Fontana MT Piraino and FP Rizzo vol 6 1979-95 Roma
Sherwin-White AN 1983 Roman Foreign Policy in the East 168 BC to AD 1 Oklahoma City OK
Shrimpton GS 2014 ldquoMemory and History in the Ancient Worldrdquo In Writing the History of Memory edited by S Berger and B Niven 25-45 London
Sider D 2005 The Fragments of Anaxagoras Edited with an Introduction and Commentary 2nd ed Sankt Augustin
Sinclair RK 1966 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and Fighting in Relaysrdquo CQ 16249-55 Sinclair RK 1963 ldquoDiodorus Siculus and the Writing of Historyrdquo PACA 636-
45Smallwood E 1976 The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian LeidenSmarczyk B 2006 ldquoThucydides and Epigraphyrdquo In Brillrsquos Companion to
Thucydides edited by A Rengakos and A Tsakmakis 495-522 LeidenSmyth HW 1956 Greek Grammar Cambridge MASordi M 1965 ldquoAlessandro e i Romanirdquo RendLinc 99435-52Sordi M 2005 ldquoLrsquoegemonia beotica in Diodoro libro XVrdquo In Bearzot and
Landucci [Gattinoni] 3-15Spada S 2003 ldquoI libri XVI-XX della laquoBiblioteca storicaraquo di Diodoro e le laquoStorieraquo
di Polibio adesione e resistenza ad un modello storiograficordquo Syggraphe 537-88
582 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Spoerri W 1959 Spaumlthellenistische Berichte uumlber Welt Kultur und Goumltter Unter-suchungen zu Diodor von Sizilien Schweizerische Beitraumlge zur Altertumswis-senschaft 9 Basel
Spoerri W 1961 ldquoZu Diodor von Sizilien I7-8rdquo MusHelv 1863-82Spoerri W 1987 ldquoHekataios von Abderardquo RAC 14275-310Starr RJ 1981 ldquoCross-References in Roman Proserdquo AJP 102431-7Stadter PA 1980 Arrian of Nicomedia Chapel Hill NCStadter PA and L Van der Stockt eds 2002 Sage and Emperor Plutarch Greek
Intellectuals and Roman Power in the Time of Trajan (98-117 AD) Symbolae Facultatis Litterarum Lovaniensis A 29 Leuven
Stahl H-P 1966 Thukydides die Stellung des Menschen im geschichtlichen Prozess Muumlnchen
Stanley K 1993 The Shield of Homer Narrative Structure in the Iliad Princeton NJStein 1931 ldquoMegasthenesrdquo RE 151230-328Steiner D 1994 The Tyrantrsquos Writ Myths and Images of Writing in Ancient
Greece Princeton NJStephens S 2003 Seeing Double Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria
LondonStevens B 2005 The Origin of Language in Greek and Roman Thought PhD
diss ChicagoStevens B 2006 ldquoAeolism Latin as a Dialect of Greekrdquo CJ 102115-44Strasburger H 1953 ldquoCaesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossenrdquo HZ 175225-264Strasburger H 1965 ldquoPosidonius on the Problems of the Roman Empirerdquo
JRS 5540-53Strasburger H 1966 Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die antike
Geschichtsschreibung Sitzungsberichte der wissenschaftl Gesellschaft an der JW Goethe-Universitaumlt Frankfurt am Main 5 1966 3 Wiesbaden
Strasburger H 1968 Caesar im Urteil seiner Zeitgenossen 2nd ed Darmstadt (=id 1982-1990 1343-421)
Strasburger H 1972 ldquoHomer und die Geschichtsschreibungrdquo in SBHeid1-44Strasburger H 1982-90 Studien zur Alten Geschichte edited by W Schmitthen-
ner R Zoepffel und G Strasburger 3 vols Collectanea 42 HildesheimStroheker KF 1958 Dionysios I Gestalt und Geschichte des Tyrannen von Syra-
kus WiesbadenStrootman R 2014 Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires The Near East
After the Achaemenids 330-30 BCE EdinburghStylianou PJ 1991 Review of Sacks 1990 BMCR 20020619Stylianou PJ 1998 A Historical Commentary on Diodorus Siculus Book 15 Oxford Sulimani I 2005 ldquoMyth or reality A Geographical Examination of Semiramisrsquo
Journey in Diodorusrdquo SCI 2445-63Sulimani I 2008 ldquoDiodorosrsquo Source-Citations a Turn in the Attitude of Ancient
Authors towards their Predecessorsrdquo Athenaeum 96535-67Sulimani I 2011 Diodorusrsquo Mythistory and the Pagan Mission Historiography and
Culture-Heroes in the First Pentad of the Bibliotheke Mnemosyne Suppl 331 Leiden
BIBLIOGRAPHy 583
Sullivan JP 1962 ldquoLord Macaulay on Classics and Classicistsrdquo Arion 14-16Sullivan R 1990 Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC TorontoSwain S 1989 ldquoCharacter Change in Plutarchrdquo Phoenix 4362-8Swain S 1996 Hellenism and Empire Language Classicism and Power in the
Greek World AD 50-250 Oxford
Tarn WW 1948 Alexander the Great Vol 2 Sources and Studies CambridgeTatum WJ 1999 The Patrician Tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher Chapel Hill NCTheiler W 1982 Poseidonios Die Fragmente Texte und Kommentare 10 2 vols
BerlinThieme CA 1801-04 Lexicon Xenophonteum 4 vols LeipzigThomas R 2001 ldquoEthnicity Genealogy and Hellenism in Herodotusrdquo In
Ancient Perceptions of Greek Ethnicity edited by I Malkin 213-33 Cambridge MA
Thommen L 1989 Das Volkstribunat der spaumlten roumlmischen Republik Historia Einzelschr 59 Stuttgart
Toher M 1989 ldquoOn the Use of Nicolausrsquo Historical Fragmentsrdquo ClAnt 8159-72Tokhtasrsquoev SR 1996 ldquoAchaioi Achaiardquo DNP 169Tomaschek W 1893a ldquoAchaia [8]rdquo RE 1A198Tomaschek W 1893b ldquoAchaioi [2]rdquo RE 1A204-5Too yL 2010 The Idea of the Library in the Ancient World OxfordToye DL 2007 ldquoEpimenides (457)rdquo In Brillrsquos New Jacoby edited by I Wor-
thington Brill OnlineTreadgold WT 1980 The Nature of the Bibliotheca of Photius Text Translation
and Commentary Dumbarton Oaks Studies 18 Washington DCTrevisan R 2010 ldquoUnrsquoeterogenea descrizione del mondo i libri I-V della
Biblioteca storica di Diodoro Siculordquo In Linguaggi del potere potere del lin-guaggio edited by E Bona and M Curnis 265-87 Alessandria
Tuci PA 2013 ldquoIl lessico della collaborazione politica in Polibiordquo In Mari and Thornton 185-206
Tuplin CJ 1986 ldquoMilitary Engagements in Xenophonrsquos Hellenicardquo In Past Per-spectives Studies in Greek and Roman Historical Writing edited by IS Moxon JD Smart and AJ Woodman 37-66 Cambridge
Turpin W 2008 ldquoTacitus Stoic exempla and the praecipuum munus anna-liumrdquo ClAnt 27359-404
Tyrrell W 1984 Amazons A Study in Athenian Mythmaking Baltimore MD
Uden J 2011 ldquoCodeswitches in Caesar and Catullusrdquo Antichthon 45113-30Ullman BL 1942 ldquoHistory and Tragedyrdquo TAPA 7325-53Urbainczyk T 2008 Slave Revolts in Antiquity Berkeley CAUsener H 1963 Epicurea RomaUsher M 1998 Homeric Stitchings OxfordUsher S 1960 ldquoSome Observations on Greek Historical Narrative from 400 to
1 BC A Study in the Effect of Outlook and Environment on Stylerdquo AJP 81358-72
584 BIBLIOGRAPHy
Vallauri G 1956 Evemero di Messene TorinoVan Ooteghem J 1954 Pompeacutee le grand bacirctisseur drsquoempire BruxellesVan Otterlo WAA 1944 Untersuchungen uumlber Begriff Anwendung und Entste-
hung der griechischen Ringkomposition AmsterdamVannicelli P 1987 ldquoLrsquoeconomia delle Storie di Eforordquo RivFil 115165-91 Vanotti G 1990 ldquoI discorsi siracusani di Diodoro Siculordquo RendIstLomb 1243-
19Vanotti G 1995 Lrsquoaltro Enea La testimonianza di Dionigi di Alicarnasso Roma Vanotti G 2005 ldquoDiodoro epitomato e le origini di Romardquo In Ambaglio 2005a
215-26Vanotti G ed 2010 Il lessico Suda e gli storici greci in frammenti Atti dellrsquoin-
contro internazionale Vercelli 6-7 novembre 2008 TivoliVasunia P 2001 The Gift of the Nile Hellenizing Egypt from Aeschylus to Alex-
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Empirerdquo In The Oxford History of Classical Reception in English Literature Vol 4 1790-1880 edited by N Vance and J Wallace 131-58 Oxford
Vattuone R 1991 Sapienza drsquoOccidente Il pensiero storico di Timeo di Tauromenio Bologna
Vattuone R 1998 ldquoKoinai Praxeis Le dimensioni lsquouniversalirsquo della storiografia greca fra Erodoto e Teopompordquo In Lrsquoecumenismo politico nella coscienza dellrsquoOccidente Alle radici della casa comune europea II Atti Convegno Bergamo 1995 57-96 Roma
Veh O et al 1992-2009 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte 10 vols StuttgartVenuti L 2008 The Translatorrsquos Invisibility A History of Translation 2nd ed
New york NyVerbrugghe GP 1972 ldquoSicily 210-70 BC Livy Cicero and Diodorusrdquo
TAPA 103535-59Verbrugghe GP 1975 ldquoNarrative Pattern in Posidoniusrsquo Historyrdquo Historia 24189-
204Verdin H G Schepens and E De Keyser eds 1990 Purposes of History Stud-
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Verniegravere y 1988 ldquoIcircles mythiques chez Diodore de Sicilerdquo In Peuples et pays mythiques edited by F Jouan and B Deforge 159-67 Paris
Verweyen T and G Witting 1991 ldquoThe Cento a Form of Intertextuality from Montage to Parodyrdquo In Intertextuality edited by HF Plett 165-78 Berlin
Veyne P 1983 Les Grecs ont-ils cru agrave leurs mythes Essai sur lrsquoimagination con-stituante Paris
Veyne P 1988 Did the Greeks Believe in their Myths An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination Transl P Wissing Chicago
Vimercati E 2004 Posidonio Testimonianze e Frammenti MilanVogel F 1889 ldquoEphoros und Diodor uumlber den Ausbruch des peloponnesischen
Kriegesrdquo RhM 44532-9
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Vogel-Weidemann U 1985 ldquoThe Dedicatory Inscription of Pompeius Magnus in Diodoros 404 Some Remarks on an Unpublished Manuscript by Hans Schaeferrdquo AClass 2857-75
Vogt J 1929 Orbis romanus Zur Terminologie des roumlmischen Imperialismus Tuumlbingen
Vogt J 1972 ldquoZur Struktur der antiken Sklavenkriegerdquo In Sklaverei und Huma-nitaumlt 20-60 Wiesbaden
Volkmann H 1955 ldquoDie indirekte Erzaumlhlung bei Diodorrdquo RhM 98354-67Volquardsen CA 1868 Untersuchungen uumlber die Quellen der griechischen und
sicilischen Geschichten bei Diodor Buch XI bis XVI Kielvon Fritz K 1977 ldquoPoseidonios als Historikerrdquo In Historiographia antiqua
Commentationes Lovanienses in honorem W Peremans septuagenarii editae 163-93 Leuven
von Mess A 1906a ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber die Arbeitsweise Diodorsrdquo RhM 61244-66
von Mess A 1906b ldquoUntersuchungen uumlber Ephoros Ephoros und Ktesiasrdquo RhM 61360-407
Voumlssing K 2005 ldquoObjektivitaumlt oder Subjektivitaumlt Sinn oder Uumlberlegung Zu Thukydidesrsquo γνώμη im lsquoMethodenkapitelrsquo (1221)rdquo Historia 54210-5
Wacholder BZ 1975 Eupolemus a study of Judaeo-Greek literature Cincinnati OH
Walbank FW 1945 ldquoPhalarisrsquo Bull in Timaeus (Diod Sic xiii 90 4-7)rdquo CR 5939-42
Walbank FW 1948 ldquoThe Geography of Polybiusrdquo ClMed 9155-82Walbank FW 1957 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 1 Commentary
on Books I-VI OxfordWalbank FW 1965 Speeches in Greek Historians JL Myres Memorial Lec-
ture 3 OxfordWalbank FW 1967 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 2 Commentary
on Books VII-XVIII OxfordWalbank FW 1968-69 [1970] ldquoThe Historians of Greek Sicilyrdquo Kokalos 14-15476-
98Walbank FW 1972 Polybius Sather Classical Lectures 42 BerkeleyWalbank FW 1975 ldquoSymploke its Role in Polybiusrsquo Historiesrdquo In Studies in the
Greek Historians edited by FW Walbank 197-212 yale Classical Studies 24 Cambridge
Walbank FW 1979 A Historical Commentary on Polybius Vol 3 Commentary on Books XIX-XL Oxford
Walbank FW 1990a ldquoPolybiosrsquo Sicht der Vergangenheitrdquo Gymnasium 9715-30
Walbank FW 1990b ldquoProfit or Amusement Some Thoughts on the Motives of Hellenistic Historiansrdquo In Verdin Schepens and De Keyser 253-66
Walbank FW 1992 Review of Sacks 1990 JRS 82250-1Walsh PG 1961 Livy His Historical Aims and Methods Cambridge
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Walters K 1978 ldquoDiodorus 1182-84 and the Second Battle of Tanagrardquo AJAH 3188-91
Walton FR 1956 ldquoNotes on Diodorosrdquo AJP 77274-81Walton FR 1957 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 11 Books XXI-
XXXII Loeb Classical Library 409 Cambridge MAWalton FR 1967 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 12 Books XXXIII-
XL Loeb Classical Library 423 Cambridge MAWardman AE 1960 ldquoMyth in Greek Historiographyrdquo Historia 9403-13Weaire GA 2005 ldquoDionysius of Halicarnassusrsquo Professional Situation and the
De Thucydiderdquo Phoenix 59246-66Wehrmann P 1887 Zur Geschichte des roumlmischen Volkstribunats Programm des
Koumlnig-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Stettin 132 SlWeinstock S 1971 Divus Julius OxfordWelch JW ed 1981 Chiasmus in Antiquity Structures Analyses Exegesis
HildesheimWelch K 1995 ldquoThe Office of Praefectus Fabrum in the Late Republicrdquo Chiron
25131-45Welch K 2012 Magnus Pius Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman
Republic Roman Culture in an Age of Civil War SwanseaWelles CB 1963 Diodorus Siculus The Library of History Vol 8 Books XVI66-
XVII Loeb Classical Library 422 Cambridge MAWesseling P 1746 Diodori Siculi Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt
2 vols Amsterdam West S 1985 ldquoHerodotusrsquo Epigraphical Interestsrdquo CQ 35278-305Westall R 1996 ldquoThe Forum Iulium as Representation of Imperator Caesarrdquo
RM 10383-118Westall RW 2010 ldquoThe Loan to Ptolemy XII 59-48 BCErdquo REAC 1223-41Westlake H 1987 ldquoDiodorus and the Expedition of Cyrusrdquo Phoenix 41241-
54White H 1984 ldquoThe Question of Narrative in Contemporary Historical Theoryrdquo
HampT 231-33Whitehead D 2003 Aineias the Tactician How To Survive Under Siege LondonWhitmarsh T 2005 The Second Sophistic GampR New Surveys in the Classics 35
CambridgeWiater N 2006a ldquoGeschichte als imaginaumlres Museum Zum Geschichtsmodell
in Diodors Bibliothekerdquo WuumlrzJbb 3059-85Wiater N 2006b ldquoGeschichtsschreibung und Kompilation Diodors historiogra-
phische Arbeitsmethode und seine Vorstellungen von zeitgemaumlsser Geschichts-schreibungrdquo RhM 149248-71
Wiater N 2011 The Ideology of Classicism Language History and Ideology in Dio-nysios of Halicarnassus Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte 105 Berlin
Wilhelm A 1943-7 ldquoZu einem Beschlusse der Amphictionenrdquo WS 61169-73Will Eacute 1979 Histoire politique du monde helleacutenistique 323-30 av J-C Vol 1
Nancy
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Williams J 2012 ldquoFrom Polybius to the Parthenon Religion Art and Plun-derrdquo In Imperialism Cultural Politics and Polybius edited by C Smith and LM yarrow 280-99 Oxford
Williams M 1998 Ethics in Thucydides The Ancient Simplicity Lanham MDWilson NG 1983 Scholars of Byzantium LondonWilson NG 1992 Fozio Biblioteca Biblioteca Adelphi 250 MilanoWilson R 1990 Sicily under the Roman Empire The Archaeology of a Roman
Province 36BC-AD535 WarminsterWiniarczyk M 1997 ldquoDas Werk des Iamboulos Forschungsgeschichte (1550-
1988) und Interpretationsversuchrdquo RhM 140128-53Winiarczyk M 2002 Euhemeros von Messene Leben Werk und Nachwirkung
LeipzigWinkelmann F 2003 ldquoHistoriography in the Age of Constantinerdquo In Greek and
Roman Historiography in Late Antiquity Fourth to Sixth Century AD edited by G Marasco 3-41 Leiden
Wirth G 1993 Diodor und das Ende des Hellenismus Mutmaszligungen zu einem fast unbekannten Historiker Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsberichte 600 Wien
Wirth G 2004 ldquoSklaven und Helden Zur Darstellung der sizilischen Auf-staumlnde bei Diodorrdquo In Ad Fontes Festschrift fuumlr Gerhard Dobesch zum fuumlnf-undsechzigsten Geburtstag am 15 September 2004 edited by H Heftner and K Tomaschitz 281-5 Wien
Wirth G 2007 Katastrophe und Zukunftshoffnung Mutmaszligungen zur zweiten Haumllfte von Diodors Bibliothek und ihren verlorenen Buumlchern Oumlsterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-historische Klasse Sitzungsbe-richte 750 Wien
Wirth G 2008 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Fragmente (Buch XXI-XL) 2 vols Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 67-8 Stuttgart
Wirth G O Veh and T Nothers 1993 Diodoros Griechische Weltgeschichte Vol 1 Buch I-X Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur 34 Stuttgart
Wiseman TP 1995 Remus A Roman Myth Cambridge Woodman AJ 1983 Velleius Paterculus The Caesarian and Augustan narrative
(241-93) Edited with a Commentary Cambridge Classical Texts and Com-mentaries 25 Cambridge
Woodman AJ 1988 Rhetoric in Classical Historiography Four Studies LondonWoodman AJ 1995 ldquoPraecipuum munus annalium the Construction Conven-
tion and Context of Tacitus Annals 3651rdquo MusHelv 52111-26Woolf G 1994 ldquoPower and the Spread of Writing in the Westrdquo In Literacy and
Power in the Ancient World edited by A Bowman and G Woolf 84-98 Cambridge
Woolf G 1996 ldquoMonumental Writing and the Expansion of Roman Society in the Early Empirerdquo JRS 8622-39
Worthington I 2005 Response to Marincola 2005 BMCR 20050924Worthington I 2010 ldquoWorldwide Empire versus Glorious Enterprise Dio-
dorus and Justin on Philip II and Alexander the Greatrdquo In Philip II and
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Alexander the Great Father and Son Lives and Afterlives edited by E Carney and D Ogden 165-74 Oxford
Wozniczka P 2011 ldquoEin philanthropischer Blick auf die Sklavenaufstaumlnde bei Diodor mdash Uumlberlegungen zur Eigenstaumlndigkeit Diodoros bei der Schilderung des ersten Sklavenaufstandes auf Sizilien (Fr 3435233)rdquo In Sklaverei und Zwangsarbeit zwischen Akzeptanz und Widerstand edited by E Hermann-Otto with assistance of M Simonis and A Trefz 325-54 Hildesheim
yardley JC 2003 Justin and Pompeius Trogus A Study of the Language of Justinrsquos Epitome of Trogus Phoenix suppl 41 Toronto
yardley JC and W Heckel 1997 Justin Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus Vol 1 Books 11-12 Alexander the Great Oxford
yarrow LM 2006a Historiography at the End of the Republic Provincial Per-spectives on Roman Rule Oxford
yarrow LM 2006b ldquoLucius Mummius and the Spoils of Corinthrdquo SCI 2557-70
yarrow LM 2010 ldquoFocalised Universality Contextualising the Genrerdquo In Liddel and Fear 131-47
Zadorojnyi A 2002 ldquoSafe Drugs for the Good Boys Platonism and Pedagogy in Plutarchrsquos De audiendis poetisrdquo In Stadter and Van der Stockt 297-314
Zadorojnyi A 2013 ldquoShuffling Surfaces Epigraphy Power and Integrity in the Greco-Roman Narrativesrdquo In Liddel and Low 365-86
Zahrnt M 2006 ldquoAmyntas III Fall und Aufstieg eines Makedonenkoumlnigsrdquo Hermes 134127-41
Zambarbieri M 2001 ldquoOmero nella cultura di Ciceronerdquo Paideia 563-64Zambrini A 1982 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene Irdquo ASNP 1271-149Zambrini A 1985 ldquoGli Indika di Megastene IIrdquo ASNP 15781-853Zambrini A 2014 ldquoLa datazione degli Indika di Megastenerdquo Sileno 40239-53Zecchini G 1978 ldquoLrsquoatteggiamento di Diodoro verso Cesare e la composizione
della lsquoBibliotheca Historicarsquordquo RendIstLomb 11213-20Zecchini G 1991 ldquoLa conoscenza di Diodoro nel Tardoanticordquo In Galvagno
and Molegrave Ventura 347-59 Zecchini G 1993 Review of Sacks 1990 Latomus 52441-5Zecchini G 2008 ldquoDiodoro Siculo nella cultura storica modernardquo MediterrAnt
11397-405Zizza C 2012 ldquoLe iscrizioni nellrsquoAnabasi di Senofonterdquo In Il paesaggio e lrsquoespe-
rienza Scritti di antichitagrave offerti a Pierluigi Tozzi in occasione del suo 75deg com-pleanno edited by R Bargnesi and R Scuderi 189-211 Pavia
Zuiderhoek A 2008 ldquoOn the Political Sociology of the Imperial Greek Cityrdquo GRBS 48417-45
Zuiderhoek A 2009 The Politics of Munificence in the Roman Empire Citizens Elites and Benefactors in Asia Minor Cambridge
