INDIAN AGRICULTURE DIPAK GHELANI

Dec 4, 2014

TYPES OF FARMING•INTRODUCTION•AGRICULTURE IN INDIA•MILESTONE- THE GREEN REVOLUTION•INDIA IN WORLD OF AGRICULTURE•MAJOR CROPS•NON FOOD CROPS•IS AGRICULTURE•SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

Agriculture Sector is changing the socio-economic environments of the population due to liberalization and globalization.

About 75% people are living in rural areas and are still dependent on Agriculture. About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agricultural activity.

Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian Economy.

AGRICULTURE IN INDIA

> Total Geographical Area - 328 Million Hectares

> Net Area sown - 142 Million Hectares

> Gross Cropped Area – 190.8 Million Hectares

> Net Irrigated Area – 56.9 Million Hectares

> Provides food to more than 1 billion people

> Produces 51 major crops

> Contributes to 1/6th of the Export Earnings

MILESTONE –THE GREEN REVOLUTION

• Acquiring more land area for

cultivation purpose• Expanding irrigation facilities

• Use of improved and advanced variety

of seeds• Water management• Protection activities• Implementation of better tools and

techniques as a result of research.

• Production increased 50% from 1967 to 1971 in jus four years.

INDIA IN WORLD OF AGRICULTURE

Largest Producer of Milk, Cashew nuts, Coconuts, Tea, Ginger, Turmeric & Black Pepper.Largest Cattle population-281 millionSecond largest producer of Wheat, Rice, Sugar and Groundnut and Pulses.Third largest producer of Tobacco.Third largest in implementation of Mechanization

MAJOR CROPS

Rice • It is the staple food crop of a

Majority of people in india.• Our country is the largest

Producer of rice after China.• It is a Kharif Crop

Conditions required for the crop:-• It requires high temperature

(above 25°C ) and high humidity.• Annual rainfall above 100 cm• In the areas of low rainfall, it grows

With the help of irrigation

Areas where it is found:-• North Eastern India, Plains of north, coastal areas

and deltaic regions

Wheat• This is the second most

Important cereal crop.• It is the main food crop in, in

North and north western part of India• This is a rabi crop.

Conditions required for the crop:-• It requires cool growing season and bright sunshine

at the time of ripening.• It requires 50 – 75 cm of rain of annual rain evenly

distributed over the growing season.

Areas of cultivation:-• Ganga – Satluj plains on the north west and black

soil region of the Deccan.• Punjab , Haryana , Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan

and parts of Maharashtra

Sugarcane• It is a tropical as well as

Subtropical crop.

Conditions required for the

Crop:-• It grows well in hot and humid

Climate.• It requires a temperature of 21°C to 27°C• An annual rainfall between 75cm. and 100cm.• Irrigation is required in the regions of low rainfall.

Areas Of Cultivation :-• It needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting.• The major sugarcane-producing states are Uttar

Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana.

Oil Seeds

• India is the largest producer

Of oilseeds in the world.• Different oil seeds are grown covering

approximately 12 per cent of the totalcropped area of the country.

• Main oil-seeds produced in India are groundnut, mustard, coconut, sesamum (til), soyabean, castor seeds, cotton seeds, linseed and sunflower.

• Most of these are edible and used as cooking mediums. However, some of these are also used as raw material in the production of soap, cosmetics and ointments.

Oil Seeds

Groundnut• It is a kharif crop and accounts for about half of the

major oilseeds produced in the country.• Andhra Pradesh is the largest producer of groundnut

followed by Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharashtra

Linseed and mustard• These are rabi crops• Sesamum is a kharif crop in north and rabi crop in

south India.• Castor seed is grown both as rabi and kharif crop.• 8 .

Non- Food Crops

Rubber

Rubber is an important industrial

Raw material

India ranks fifth among the world’s

Natural rubber producers.

Areas of Cultivation :-

• It is mainly grown in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Garo Hills of Meghalaya.

Fibre Crops.

Cotton

• India is believed to be the

original home of the cotton plant.• Cotton is one of the main raw

materials for cotton textile industry.• India is the third-largest producer

of cotton in the world.

Jute

• It is known as the golden fibre.• It is used in making gunny bags,

mats, ropes, yarn, carpets and

other artifacts.

• Due to its high cost, it is losing

market to synthetic fibres and

packing materials, particularly the nylon

IS AGRICULTURE

Assisting with farm inputs and weather patterns to market information and global prices, computers are becoming powerful tools.

SUMMARY

THE LITERACY LEVEL IN FARMERS HAS TO BE INCREASED.WE HAVE THE INFRASTRUCTURE ONLY LINKS ARE MISSING.SUSTAINABLE USE OF RESOURCES.GOVERNMENTS ROLE AS A FACILITATOR HAS TO BE INCREASED FOR BETTER PRODUCTION.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION